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The article presents the results of researches on the influence of water consumption and the length of the irrigation furrow on the leaching of nutrients and humus from irrigated soils of dry subtropics of Azerbaijan under tomato cultivation. The effect of different fertilization systems on tomato yields was also investigated. With a slope in a 100 - meter furrow at a water flow rate of 3.0 l/s, the content of leachable biogenic elements (N, P) and humus with soil was 0.03% for nitrogen, 0.02% for phosphorus and for humus 0.07%. Increasing water flow from 3.0 l/s up to 3.5 l/s negatively affects the leaching of humus and nutrients from the soil. With an increase in water consumption to 3.5 l/s, these indicators increased markedly by 0.01% for nitrogen and phosphorus, and by 0.02% for humus. It was found that with an increase in the length of the furrow to 200 meters, at the same norms, the flow of water, leaching of humus and nutrients was not observed. Using of an organic-mineral fertilizer system had a positive effect on the yield of tomato. So, in the free-fertilized variant, the tomato yield was 0.32 t/ha per at 100 m furrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the irrigated soils of Azerbaijan dry subtropics, the positive effect of the organic fertilizer system on increase in soil aggregates of 10-0.25 mm in size has been established. With the introduction of 40 t/ha of cattle manure, the content of agronomically valuable aggregates in the arable and subarable layers of soils increased on average of 13.0% compared with the control variant. When studying permeability of alluvial meadow-forest zones under apple orchards, irrigated meadow-brown soils under vegetable crops and alfalfa, and also irrigated gray-brown soils under pastures found that the average water absorption rate is, respectively, the above then honed soils -0.0282 m/hour; 0.0691 m/h; 0.0768 m/h and - 0.5664 m/h. For the sustainable and effective functioning of the soil ecosystem, both unnecessarily high and low water permeability undesirable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the experiment field on irrigated meadow - brown soil was found that at low soil provision of exchangeable potassium in apple orchards applying of different types of potash on a background of organic fertilizer (20 t ha-1 of manure), significantly increases the accumulation of the main nutrient elements in leaves and fruits, and also takeaway NPK with apple harvest (classical orchard - ʻGolden Deliciousʼ variety and intensive orchard - ʻFuzhiʼ variety). The best variant was the sharing of organic fertilizer system (20 t ha-1 of manure - as background) with the high dose of potassium sulphate (K160): compared with the control variant (without fertilizers), the yield was higher by 9.9 t ha-1 or 7.87%, and the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from the soil - by 69.0 kg ha-1, 46.3 kg ha-1and 120.4 kg ha-1, respectively; and compared with the background + K160 potassium chloride variant, these indicators were higher by 0.95 t ha-1, or 4.2%, respectively: 6.2 kg ha-1, 7.1 kg ha-1 and 14.2 kg ha-1. This variant was also effective in relation to the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and fruits of the apple trees, as well as the removal with harvest in classical orchard. Similar results were obtained using organo -mineral system fertilizer - 20 t ha-1 manure + K160 potassium sulphate also in intensive orchard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]