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1. Unearthing the soil‐borne microbiome of land plants

Author

British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Geisen, Stefan [0000-0003-0734-727X], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Wang, Ling [0000-0002-2276-9529], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sokoya, Blessing, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Geisen, Stefan, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Singh, Brajesh K., Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Jun-Tao, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Tedersoo, Leho, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Geisen, Stefan [0000-0003-0734-727X], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Wang, Ling [0000-0002-2276-9529], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sokoya, Blessing, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Geisen, Stefan, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Singh, Brajesh K., Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Jun-Tao, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Tedersoo, Leho, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel

Abstract

Plant–soil biodiversity interactions are fundamental for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, the existence of a set of globally distributed topsoil microbial and small invertebrate organisms consistently associated with land plants (i.e., their consistent soil-borne microbiome), together with the environmental preferences and functional capabilities of these organisms, remains unknown. We conducted a standardized field survey under 150 species of land plants, including 58 species of bryophytes and 92 of vascular plants, across 124 locations from all continents. We found that, despite the immense biodiversity of soil organisms, the land plants evaluated only shared a small fraction (less than 1%) of all microbial and invertebrate taxa that were present across contrasting climatic and soil conditions and vegetation types. These consistent taxa were dominated by generalist decomposers and phagotrophs and their presence was positively correlated with the abundance of functional genes linked to mineralization. Finally, we showed that crossing environmental thresholds in aridity (aridity index of 0.65, i.e., the transition from mesic to dry ecosystems), soil pH (5.5; i.e., the transition from acidic to strongly acidic soils), and carbon (less than 2%, the lower limit of fertile soils) can result in drastic disruptions in the associations between land plants and soil organisms, with potential implications for the delivery of soil ecosystem processes under ongoing global environmental change.

Published
2024

2. The global contribution of soil mosses to ecosystem services

Author

British Ecological Society, Hermon Slade Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, National Science Foundation (US), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), European Commission, Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Picó, Sergio [0000-0002-4016-4670], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Yang, Tianxue [0000-0002-0305-6873], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Guirado, Emilio, Reich, Peter B., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ding, Jingyi, Sun, Wei, Mamet, Steven, Cui, Haiying, He, Ji-Zheng, Hu, Hang-Wei, Sokoya, Blessing, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Guerra, Carlos A., Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mallen-Cooper, Max, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Picó, Sergio, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Guiyao, Liu, Shengen, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Hermon Slade Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, National Science Foundation (US), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), European Commission, Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Picó, Sergio [0000-0002-4016-4670], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Yang, Tianxue [0000-0002-0305-6873], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Guirado, Emilio, Reich, Peter B., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ding, Jingyi, Sun, Wei, Mamet, Steven, Cui, Haiying, He, Ji-Zheng, Hu, Hang-Wei, Sokoya, Blessing, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Guerra, Carlos A., Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mallen-Cooper, Max, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Picó, Sergio, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Guiyao, Liu, Shengen, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel

Abstract

Soil mosses are among the most widely distributed organisms on land. Experiments and observations suggest that they contribute to terrestrial soil biodiversity and function, yet their ecological contribution to soil has never been assessed globally under natural conditions. Here we conducted the most comprehensive global standardized field study to quantify how soil mosses influence 8 ecosystem services associated with 24 soil biodiversity and functional attributes across wide environmental gradients from all continents. We found that soil mosses are associated with greater carbon sequestration, pool sizes for key nutrients and organic matter decomposition rates but a lower proportion of soil-borne plant pathogens than unvegetated soils. Mosses are especially important for supporting multiple ecosystem services where vascular-plant cover is low. Globally, soil mosses potentially support 6.43 Gt more carbon in the soil layer than do bare soils. The amount of soil carbon associated with mosses is up to six times the annual global carbon emissions from any altered land use globally. The largest positive contribution of mosses to soils occurs under a high cover of mat and turf mosses, in less-productive ecosystems and on sandy and salty soils. Our results highlight the contribution of mosses to soil life and functions and the need to conserve these important organisms to support healthy soils.

Published
2023

3. The global distribution and environmental drivers of the soil antibiotic resistome

Author

European Commission, British Ecological Society, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Australian Research Council, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, Slovenian Research Agency, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Zhu, Yong-Guan [0000-0003-3861-8482], Chen, Qing-Lin [0000-0002-5648-277X], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], García-Velázquez, Laura [0000-0003-3290-7531], Hayes, Patrick E. [0000-0001-7554-4588], Neuhauser, Sigrid [0000-0003-0305-1615], Gallardo, Antonio [0000-0002-2674-4265], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Hu, Hang-Wei, Maestre, Fernando T., Guerra, Carlos A., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eldridge, David J., Zhu, Yong-Guan, Chen, Qing-Lin, Trivedi, Pankaj, Du, Shuai, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Verma, Jay Prakash, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Asencio, Sergio, Wang, Ling, Zaady, Eli, Illán, Javier, G., Siebe, Christina, Grebenc, Tine, Zhou, Xiaobing, Liu, Yu-Rong, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Mamet, Steven, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Teixido, Alberto L., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Pérez, Cecilia A., Gallardo, Antonio, García-Velázquez, Laura, Hayes, Patrick E., Neuhauser, Sigrid, He, Ji-Zheng, European Commission, British Ecological Society, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Australian Research Council, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, Slovenian Research Agency, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Zhu, Yong-Guan [0000-0003-3861-8482], Chen, Qing-Lin [0000-0002-5648-277X], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], García-Velázquez, Laura [0000-0003-3290-7531], Hayes, Patrick E. [0000-0001-7554-4588], Neuhauser, Sigrid [0000-0003-0305-1615], Gallardo, Antonio [0000-0002-2674-4265], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Hu, Hang-Wei, Maestre, Fernando T., Guerra, Carlos A., Eisenhauer, Nico, Eldridge, David J., Zhu, Yong-Guan, Chen, Qing-Lin, Trivedi, Pankaj, Du, Shuai, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Verma, Jay Prakash, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Asencio, Sergio, Wang, Ling, Zaady, Eli, Illán, Javier, G., Siebe, Christina, Grebenc, Tine, Zhou, Xiaobing, Liu, Yu-Rong, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Mamet, Steven, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Teixido, Alberto L., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Pérez, Cecilia A., Gallardo, Antonio, García-Velázquez, Laura, Hayes, Patrick E., Neuhauser, Sigrid, and He, Ji-Zheng

Abstract

Background Little is known about the global distribution and environmental drivers of key microbial functional traits such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Soils are one of Earth’s largest reservoirs of ARGs, which are integral for soil microbial competition, and have potential implications for plant and human health. Yet, their diversity and global patterns remain poorly described. Here, we analyzed 285 ARGs in soils from 1012 sites across all continents and created the first global atlas with the distributions of topsoil ARGs. Results We show that ARGs peaked in high latitude cold and boreal forests. Climatic seasonality and mobile genetic elements, associated with the transmission of antibiotic resistance, were also key drivers of their global distribution. Dominant ARGs were mainly related to multidrug resistance genes and efflux pump machineries. We further pinpointed the global hotspots of the diversity and proportions of soil ARGs. Conclusions Together, our work provides the foundation for a better understanding of the ecology and global distribution of the environmental soil antibiotic resistome.

Published
2022

4. Global hotspots for soil nature conservation

Author

British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), German Research Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720, Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Moreno, J. L. [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Guerra, Carlos A., Berdugo, Miguel, Eldridge, David J., Eisenhauer, Nico, Singh, Brajesh K., Cui, Haiying, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Picó, Sergio, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Tedersoo, Leho, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), German Research Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720, Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Moreno, J. L. [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Guerra, Carlos A., Berdugo, Miguel, Eldridge, David J., Eisenhauer, Nico, Singh, Brajesh K., Cui, Haiying, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Picó, Sergio, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Tedersoo, Leho, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel

Abstract

Soils are the foundation of all terrestrial ecosystems1. However, unlike for plants and animals, a global assessment of hotspots for soil nature conservation is still lacking2. This hampers our ability to establish nature conservation priorities for the multiple dimensions that support the soil system: from soil biodiversity to ecosystem services. Here, to identify global hotspots for soil nature conservation, we performed a global field survey that includes observations of biodiversity (archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates) and functions (critical for six ecosystem services) in 615 composite samples of topsoil from a standardized survey in all continents. We found that each of the different ecological dimensions of soils—that is, species richness (alpha diversity, measured as amplicon sequence variants), community dissimilarity and ecosystem services—peaked in contrasting regions of the planet, and were associated with different environmental factors. Temperate ecosystems showed the highest species richness, whereas community dissimilarity peaked in the tropics, and colder high-latitudinal ecosystems were identified as hotspots of ecosystem services. These findings highlight the complexities that are involved in simultaneously protecting multiple ecological dimensions of soil. We further show that most of these hotspots are not adequately covered by protected areas (more than 70%), and are vulnerable in the context of several scenarios of global change. Our global estimation of priorities for soil nature conservation highlights the importance of accounting for the multidimensionality of soil biodiversity and ecosystem services to conserve soils for future generations.

Published
2022

5. Global hotspots for soil nature conservation

Author

Carlos A. Guerra, Miguel Berdugo, David J. Eldridge, Nico Eisenhauer, Brajesh K. Singh, Haiying Cui, Sebastian Abades, Fernando D. Alfaro, Adebola R. Bamigboye, Felipe Bastida, José L. Blanco-Pastor, Asunción de los Ríos, Jorge Durán, Tine Grebenc, Javier G. Illán, Yu-Rong Liu, Thulani P. Makhalanyane, Steven Mamet, Marco A. Molina-Montenegro, José L. Moreno, Arpan Mukherjee, Tina U. Nahberger, Gabriel F. Peñaloza-Bojacá, César Plaza, Sergio Picó, Jay Prakash Verma, Ana Rey, Alexandra Rodríguez, Leho Tedersoo, Alberto L. Teixido, Cristian Torres-Díaz, Pankaj Trivedi, Juntao Wang, Ling Wang, Jianyong Wang, Eli Zaady, Xiaobing Zhou, Xin-Quan Zhou, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), German Research Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Guerra, Carlos A., Berdugo, Miguel, Eldridge, David J., Eisenhauer, Nico, Singh, Brajesh K., Cui, Haiying, Abades, Sebastián, Bastida, F., Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Liu, Yurong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Moreno, J. L., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez, Alexandra, Teixido, Alberto L., Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Alfaro, Fernando D., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación (España), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907]E, Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720, Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yurong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Moreno, J. L. [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X]

Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil, Multidisciplinary, Animals, Geographic Mapping, Biodiversity, Invertebrates, Archaea, Soil Microbiology
Abstract

19 páginas.- 5 figuras.- 98 referencias.- Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05292-x, Soils are the foundation of all terrestrial ecosystems1. However, unlike for plants and animals, a global assessment of hotspots for soil nature conservation is still lacking2. This hampers our ability to establish nature conservation priorities for the multiple dimensions that support the soil system: from soil biodiversity to ecosystem services. Here, to identify global hotspots for soil nature conservation, we performed a global field survey that includes observations of biodiversity (archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates) and functions (critical for six ecosystem services) in 615 composite samples of topsoil from a standardized survey in all continents. We found that each of the different ecological dimensions of soils—that is, species richness (alpha diversity, measured as amplicon sequence variants), community dissimilarity and ecosystem services—peaked in contrasting regions of the planet, and were associated with different environmental factors. Temperate ecosystems showed the highest species richness, whereas community dissimilarity peaked in the tropics, and colder high-latitudinal ecosystems were identified as hotspots of ecosystem services. These findings highlight the complexities that are involved in simultaneously protecting multiple ecological dimensions of soil. We further show that most of these hotspots are not adequately covered by protected areas (more than 70%), and are vulnerable in the context of several scenarios of global change. Our global estimation of priorities for soil nature conservation highlights the importance of accounting for the multidimensionality of soil biodiversity and ecosystem services to conserve soils for future generations., This project received funding from the British Ecological Society (agreement LRA17\1193; MUSGONET). C.A.G. and N.E. were funded by DFG–FZT 118, 202548816; C.A.G. was supported by FCT-PTDC/BIA-CBI/2340/2020; M.D.-B. was supported by RYC2018-025483-I, PID2020-115813RA-I00\MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and P20_00879. M.A.M.-M. and S.A. were funded by FONDECYT 1181034 and ANID-PIA-Anillo INACH ACT192057. J.D. and A.R. acknowledge support from IF/00950/2014, 2020.03670.CEECIND, SFRH/BDP/108913/2015 and UIDB/04004/2020. Y.-R.L. was supported by 2662019PY010 from the FRFCU. L.T. was supported by the ESF grant PRG632. F.B. and J.L.M. were supported by i-LINK+2018 (LINKA20069) funded by CSIC. C.T.-D. was supported by the Grupo de Biodibersidad & Cambio Global UBB–GI 170509/EF. C.P. was supported by the EU H2020 grant agreement 101000224. H.C. was supported by NSFC32101335, FRFCU2412021QD014 and CPSF2021M690589. J.P.V. was supported by DST (DST/INT/SL/P-31/2021) SERB (EEQ/2021/001083) and BHU-IoE (6031).

Published
2022
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6. Is subarctic forest advance able to keep pace with climate change?

Author

Zuzanna M. Swirad, Annika Hofgaard, Ingrid Ertshus Mathisen, Steven D. Mamet, Karen A. Harper, Olga Tutubalina, W. Gareth Rees, David M. Cairns, Stéphane Boudreau, Rees, W Gareth [0000-0001-6020-1232], Hofgaard, Annika [0000-0001-6919-5537], Boudreau, Stéphane [0000-0002-1035-6452], Cairns, David M [0000-0003-4110-196X], Harper, Karen [0000-0001-5390-0262], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Swirad, Zuzanna [0000-0002-3592-9739], Tutubalina, Olga [0000-0001-8049-1724], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Canada, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, forest-tundra ecotone, Climate change, Growing season, Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], Forests, disappearing arctic tundra, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, climate change velocity, Environmental Chemistry, Precipitation, forest migration rate, Tundra, range expansion, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, forest–tundra ecotone, Arctic Regions, Global warming, Ecotone, Vegetation, subarctic, Subarctic climate, Siberia, Geography, climate change, circumpolar forest advance, Physical geography, Alaska
Abstract

Recent climate warming and scenarios for further warming have led to expectations of rapid movement of ecological boundaries. Here we focus on the circumarctic forest-tundra ecotone (FTE), which represents an important bioclimatic zone with feedbacks from forest advance and corresponding tundra disappearance (up to 50% loss predicted this century) driving widespread ecological and climatic changes. We address FTE advance and climate history relations over the 20th century, using FTE response data from 151 sites across the circumarctic area and site-specific climate data. Specifically, we investigate spatial uniformity of FTE advance, statistical associations with 20th century climate trends, and whether advance rates match climate change velocities (CCVs). Study sites diverged into four regions (Eastern Canada; Central and Western Canada and Alaska; Siberia; and Western Eurasia) based on their climate history, although all were characterized by similar qualitative patterns of behaviour (with about half of the sites showing advancing behaviour). The main associations between climate trend variables and behaviour indicate the importance of precipitation rather than temperature for both qualitative and quantitative behaviours, and the importance of non-growing season as well as growing season months. Poleward latitudinal advance rates differed significantly among regions, being smallest in Eastern Canada (~10 m/year) and largest in Western Eurasia (~100 m/year). These rates were 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than expected if vegetation distribution remained in equilibrium with climate. The many biotic and abiotic factors influencing FTE behaviour make poleward advance rates matching predicted 21st century CCVs (~103 -104 m/year) unlikely. The lack of empirical evidence for swift forest relocation and the discrepancy between CCV and FTE response contradict equilibrium model-based assumptions and warrant caution when assessing global-change-related biotic and abiotic implications, including land-atmosphere feedbacks and carbon sequestration.

Published
2020

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