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2. Principal component analysis as an efficient method for capturing multivariate brain signatures of complex disorders-ENIGMA study in people with bipolar disorders and obesity.

Author

McWhinney, SR, Hlinka, J, Bakstein, E, Dietze, LMF, Corkum, ELV, Abé, C, Alda, M, Alexander, N, Benedetti, F, Berk, M, Bøen, E, Bonnekoh, LM, Boye, B, Brosch, K, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Dannlowski, U, Demro, C, Diaz-Zuluaga, A, Elvsåshagen, T, Eyler, LT, Fortea, L, Fullerton, JM, Goltermann, J, Gotlib, IH, Grotegerd, D, Haarman, B, Hahn, T, Howells, FM, Jamalabadi, H, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Klahn, AL, Kuplicki, R, Lahud, E, Landén, M, Leehr, EJ, Lopez-Jaramillo, C, Mackey, S, Malt, U, Martyn, F, Mazza, E, McDonald, C, McPhilemy, G, Meier, S, Meinert, S, Melloni, E, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Nitsch, R, Opel, N, Ophoff, RA, Ortuño, M, Overs, BJ, Pineda-Zapata, J, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Sacchet, MD, Salvador, R, Savitz, J, Scheffler, F, Schofield, PR, Schürmeyer, N, Shen, C, Sim, K, Sponheim, SR, Stein, DJ, Stein, F, Straube, B, Suo, C, Temmingh, H, Teutenberg, L, Thomas-Odenthal, F, Thomopoulos, SI, Urosevic, S, Usemann, P, van Haren, NEM, Vargas, C, Vieta, E, Vilajosana, E, Vreeker, A, Winter, NR, Yatham, LN, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, Ching, CRK, Hajek, T, McWhinney, SR, Hlinka, J, Bakstein, E, Dietze, LMF, Corkum, ELV, Abé, C, Alda, M, Alexander, N, Benedetti, F, Berk, M, Bøen, E, Bonnekoh, LM, Boye, B, Brosch, K, Canales-Rodríguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Dannlowski, U, Demro, C, Diaz-Zuluaga, A, Elvsåshagen, T, Eyler, LT, Fortea, L, Fullerton, JM, Goltermann, J, Gotlib, IH, Grotegerd, D, Haarman, B, Hahn, T, Howells, FM, Jamalabadi, H, Jansen, A, Kircher, T, Klahn, AL, Kuplicki, R, Lahud, E, Landén, M, Leehr, EJ, Lopez-Jaramillo, C, Mackey, S, Malt, U, Martyn, F, Mazza, E, McDonald, C, McPhilemy, G, Meier, S, Meinert, S, Melloni, E, Mitchell, PB, Nabulsi, L, Nenadić, I, Nitsch, R, Opel, N, Ophoff, RA, Ortuño, M, Overs, BJ, Pineda-Zapata, J, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Radua, J, Repple, J, Roberts, G, Rodriguez-Cano, E, Sacchet, MD, Salvador, R, Savitz, J, Scheffler, F, Schofield, PR, Schürmeyer, N, Shen, C, Sim, K, Sponheim, SR, Stein, DJ, Stein, F, Straube, B, Suo, C, Temmingh, H, Teutenberg, L, Thomas-Odenthal, F, Thomopoulos, SI, Urosevic, S, Usemann, P, van Haren, NEM, Vargas, C, Vieta, E, Vilajosana, E, Vreeker, A, Winter, NR, Yatham, LN, Thompson, PM, Andreassen, OA, Ching, CRK, and Hajek, T

Abstract

Multivariate techniques better fit the anatomy of complex neuropsychiatric disorders which are characterized not by alterations in a single region, but rather by variations across distributed brain networks. Here, we used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify patterns of covariance across brain regions and relate them to clinical and demographic variables in a large generalizable dataset of individuals with bipolar disorders and controls. We then compared performance of PCA and clustering on identical sample to identify which methodology was better in capturing links between brain and clinical measures. Using data from the ENIGMA-BD working group, we investigated T1-weighted structural MRI data from 2436 participants with BD and healthy controls, and applied PCA to cortical thickness and surface area measures. We then studied the association of principal components with clinical and demographic variables using mixed regression models. We compared the PCA model with our prior clustering analyses of the same data and also tested it in a replication sample of 327 participants with BD or schizophrenia and healthy controls. The first principal component, which indexed a greater cortical thickness across all 68 cortical regions, was negatively associated with BD, BMI, antipsychotic medications, and age and was positively associated with Li treatment. PCA demonstrated superior goodness of fit to clustering when predicting diagnosis and BMI. Moreover, applying the PCA model to the replication sample yielded significant differences in cortical thickness between healthy controls and individuals with BD or schizophrenia. Cortical thickness in the same widespread regional network as determined by PCA was negatively associated with different clinical and demographic variables, including diagnosis, age, BMI, and treatment with antipsychotic medications or lithium. PCA outperformed clustering and provided an easy-to-use and interpret method to study multivariate associati

Published
2024

7. Compulsory Admissions of patients with mental disorders: State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Author

wasserman, D, Apter, G, Baeken, C, Bailey, Susannah Mary, Balazs, J, Bec, C, Bienkowski, P, Bobes, J, Bravo Ortiz, M F, Brunn, H, Boke, O, Camilleri, N, Carpiniello, B, Chihai, J, Chkonia, E, Courtet, P, Cozman, D, David, M, Dom, G, Esanu, A, Falkai, P, Flannery, W, Gasparyan, K, Gerlinger, G, Gorwood, P, Gudmundsson, O, Hanon, C, Heinz, A, Heitor Dos Santos, M J, Hedlund, A, Ismayilov, F, Ismayliov, N, Isometsa, E T, Izakova, L, Kleinberg, A, Kurimay, T, Klæbo Reitan, S, Lecic-Tosevski, D, Lehmets, A, Lindberg, N, Lundblad, K A, Lynch, G, Maddock, C, Malt, U F, Martin, L, Martynikhin, I, Maruta, N O, Matthys, F, Mazaliauskiene, R, Mihajlovic, G, Mihaljevic Peles, A, Miklavic, V, Mohr, P, Munarriz Ferrandis, M, Musalek, M, Neznanov, N, Ostorharics-Horvath, G, Pajević, I, Popova, A, Pregelj, P, Prinsen, N, Savenko, Y, Skugarevsky, O, Slodecki, E, Soghoyan, A, Stone, D S, Taylor-East, R, Terauds, E, Tsopelas, C, Tudose, C, Tyano, S, Vallon, P, Van der Gaag, R J, Varandas, P, Vavrusova, L, Voloshyn, P, Wancata, J, Wise, J, Zemishlany, Z, Öncü, F, Vahip, S, wasserman, D, Apter, G, Baeken, C, Bailey, Susannah Mary, Balazs, J, Bec, C, Bienkowski, P, Bobes, J, Bravo Ortiz, M F, Brunn, H, Boke, O, Camilleri, N, Carpiniello, B, Chihai, J, Chkonia, E, Courtet, P, Cozman, D, David, M, Dom, G, Esanu, A, Falkai, P, Flannery, W, Gasparyan, K, Gerlinger, G, Gorwood, P, Gudmundsson, O, Hanon, C, Heinz, A, Heitor Dos Santos, M J, Hedlund, A, Ismayilov, F, Ismayliov, N, Isometsa, E T, Izakova, L, Kleinberg, A, Kurimay, T, Klæbo Reitan, S, Lecic-Tosevski, D, Lehmets, A, Lindberg, N, Lundblad, K A, Lynch, G, Maddock, C, Malt, U F, Martin, L, Martynikhin, I, Maruta, N O, Matthys, F, Mazaliauskiene, R, Mihajlovic, G, Mihaljevic Peles, A, Miklavic, V, Mohr, P, Munarriz Ferrandis, M, Musalek, M, Neznanov, N, Ostorharics-Horvath, G, Pajević, I, Popova, A, Pregelj, P, Prinsen, N, Savenko, Y, Skugarevsky, O, Slodecki, E, Soghoyan, A, Stone, D S, Taylor-East, R, Terauds, E, Tsopelas, C, Tudose, C, Tyano, S, Vallon, P, Van der Gaag, R J, Varandas, P, Vavrusova, L, Voloshyn, P, Wancata, J, Wise, J, Zemishlany, Z, Öncü, F, and Vahip, S

Abstract

Background: Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. Methods: The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. Results: We analysed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. Conclusions: We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatisation of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.

Published
2020

13. European Psychiatric Association Survey on Involuntary Psychiatric Admissions

Author

Wasserman, D., primary, Apter, G., additional, Baeken, C., additional, Bailey, S., additional, Balazs, J., additional, Bec, C., additional, Bienkowski, P., additional, Bobes, J., additional, Ortiz, M. F. Bravo, additional, Brunn, H., additional, Bôke, Ö., additional, Camilleri, N., additional, Carpiniello, B., additional, Chihai, J., additional, Chkonia, E., additional, Courtet, P., additional, Cozman, D., additional, David, M., additional, Dom, G., additional, Esanu, A., additional, Falkai, P., additional, Flannery, W., additional, Gasparyan, K., additional, Gerlinger, G., additional, Gorwood, P., additional, Gudmundsson, O., additional, Hanon, C., additional, Heinz, A., additional, Dos Santos, M. J. Heitor, additional, Hedlund, A., additional, Ismayilov, F., additional, Ismayilov, N., additional, Isometsä, E. T., additional, Izakova, L., additional, Kleinberg, A., additional, Kurimay, T., additional, Reitan, S. Klæbo, additional, Lecic-Tosevski, D., additional, Lehmets, A., additional, Lindberg, N., additional, Lundblad, K. A., additional, Lynch, G., additional, Maddock, C., additional, Malt, U. F., additional, Martin, L., additional, Martynikhin, I., additional, Maruta, N. O., additional, Matthys, F., additional, Mazaliauskiene, R., additional, Mihajlovic, G., additional, Peles, A. Mihaljevic, additional, Miklavic, V., additional, Mohr, P., additional, Ferrandis, M. Munarriz, additional, Musalek, M., additional, Neznanov, N., additional, Ostorharics-Horvath, G., additional, Pajević, I., additional, Popova, A., additional, Pregelj, P., additional, Prinsen, E., additional, Rados, C., additional, Roig, A., additional, Kuzman, M. Rojnic, additional, Samochowiec, J., additional, Sartorius, N., additional, Savenko, Y., additional, Skugarevsky, O., additional, Slodecki, E., additional, Soghoyan, A., additional, Stone, D. S., additional, Taylor-East, R., additional, Terauds, E., additional, Tsopelas, C., additional, Tudose, C., additional, Tyano, S., additional, Vallon, P., additional, Van der Gaag, R. J., additional, Varandas, P., additional, Vavrusova, L., additional, Voloshyn, P., additional, Wancata, J., additional, Wise, J., additional, Zemishlany, Z., additional, Öncü, F., additional, and Vahip, S., additional

Published
2020
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15. Common brain disorders are associated with heritable patterns of apparent aging of the brain

Author

Kaufmann, T., van der Meer, D., Doan, N. T., Schwarz, E., Lund, M. J., Agartz, I., Alnaes, D., Barch, D. M., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bettella, F., Beyer, M. K., Boen, E., Borgwardt, S., Brandt, C. L., Buitelaar, J., Celius, E. G., Cervenka, S., Conzelmann, A., Cordova-Palomera, A., Dale, A. M., de Quervain, D. J. F., Carlo, P. D., Djurovic, S., Dorum, E. S., Eisenacher, S., Elvsashagen, T., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Flyckt, L., Franke, B., Frei, O., Haatveit, B., Haberg, A. K., Harbo, H. F., Hartman, C. A., Heslenfeld, D., Hoekstra, P. J., Hogestol, E. A., Jernigan, T. L., Jonassen, R., Jonsson, E. G., Farde, L., Engberg, G., Erhardt, S., Schwieler, L., Piehl, F., Collste, K., Victorsson, P., Malmqvist, A., Hedberg, M., Orhan, F., Kirsch, P., Kloszewska, I., Kolskar, K. K., Landro, N. I., Hellard, S. L., Lesch, K. -P., Lovestone, S., Lundervold, A., Lundervold, A. J., Maglanoc, L. A., Malt, U. F., Mecocci, P., Melle, I., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Moberget, T., Norbom, L. B., Nordvik, J. E., Nyberg, L., Oosterlaan, J., Papalino, M., Papassotiropoulos, A., Pauli, P., Pergola, G., Persson, K., Richard, G., Rokicki, J., Sanders, A. -M., Selbaek, G., Shadrin, A. A., Smeland, O. B., Soininen, H., Sowa, P., Steen, V. M., Tsolaki, M., Ulrichsen, K. M., Vellas, B., Wang, L., Westman, E., Ziegler, G. C., Zink, M., Andreassen, O. A., Westlye, L. T., Le Hellard, S., Di Carlo, P., Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Pediatric surgery, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, and RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Brain age gap, brain disorders, genetic architecture, pleiotropy, Male, Aging, Schizophrenia/genetics, LOCI, Genome-wide association study, Neuropsychological Tests, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Brain age gap, Aging/genetics, ALZHEIMERS, Child, Aged, 80 and over, Brain Diseases, Sex Characteristics, General Neuroscience, Mental Disorders, Brain, MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS, brain disorders, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Schizophrenia, Child, Preschool, Female, Alzheimer's disease, Neurovetenskaper, Algorithms, MRI, Adult, Adolescent, Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging, Brain Structure and Function, Mental Disorders/diagnostic imaging, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, AGE, pleiotropy, Genetic architecture, Genetic Pleiotropy, medicine, Humans, Preschool, Brain disorders, Aged, Pleiotropy, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Brain age gaps, Multiple sclerosis, Neurosciences, Infant, medicine.disease, Brain/diagnostic imaging, genetic architecture, 030104 developmental biology, Pleiotropy (drugs), Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Common risk factors for psychiatric and other brain disorders are likely to converge on biological pathways influencing the development and maintenance of brain structure and function across life. Using structural MRI data from 45,615 individuals aged 3–96 years, we demonstrate distinct patterns of apparent brain aging in several brain disorders and reveal genetic pleiotropy between apparent brain aging in healthy individuals and common brain disorders. The author list between I.A. and M.Z. is in alphabetic order. The authors were funded by the Research Council of Norway (276082 LifespanHealth (T.K.), 213837 (O.A.A), 223273 NORMENT (O.A.A.), 204966 (L.T.W.), 229129 (O.A.A.), 249795 (L.T.W.), 273345 (L.T.W.) and 283798 SYNSCHIZ (O.A.A.)), the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority (2013-123 (O.A.A.), 2014-097 (L.T.W.), 2015-073 (L.T.W.) and 2016083 (L.T.W.)), Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen (SKGJ-MED-008), the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC Starting Grant, Grant agreement No. 802998 BRAINMINT (L.T.W.)), NVIDIA Corporation GPU Grant (T.K.), and the European Commission 7th Framework Programme (602450, IMAGEMEND (A.M.-L.)).

Published
2019
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31. Core Outcome Domains for Clinical Trials on Somatic Symptom Disorder, Bodily Distress Disorder and Functional Somatic Syndromes

Author

Rief, W., Burton, C., Frostholm, L., Henningsen, P., Kleinstäuber, M., Kop, W.J., Löwe, B., Martin, A., Malt, U., Rosmalen, J., Schröder, A., Shedden-Mora, M., Toussaint, A., and van der Feltz-Cornelis, C.

Abstract

Objective\ud \ud The harmonization of core outcome domains in clinical trials facilitates comparison and pooling of data, and simplifies the preparation and review of research projects, and comparison of risks and benefits of treatments. Therefore we provide recommendations for the core outcome domains that should be considered in clinical trials on the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions for somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder, and functional somatic syndromes.\ud \ud Methods\ud \ud The European Network on Somatic Symptom Disorders group (EURONET-SOMA) of more than 20 experts in the field met twice in Hamburg to discuss issues of assessment and intervention research in somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder, and functional somatic syndromes. The consensus meetings identified core outcome domains that should be considered in clinical trials evaluating treatments for somatic symptom disorder and associated functional somatic syndromes.\ud \ud Results\ud \ud The following core domains should be considered when defining ascertainment methods in clinical trials: (1) classification of somatic symptom disorder/bodily distress disorder, associated functional somatic syndromes, and comorbid mental disorders (using structured clinical interviews), duration of symptoms, medical morbidity, and prior treatments (2) location, intensity, and interference of somatic symptoms, (3) associated psychobehavioral features and biological markers, (4) illness consequences (quality of life, disability, health care utilization, health care costs), (5) global improvement, treatment satisfaction, and (6) unwanted negative effects.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud The proposed criteria are intended to improve synergies of clinical trials and to facilitate decision making when comparing different treatment approaches. These recommendations should not result in inflexible guidelines, but increase consistency across investigations in this field.

Published
2017

32. Core outcome domains for clinical trials on somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder and functional somatic syndromes: EURONET-SOMA recommendations

Author

Rief, W., Burton, C., Frostholm, L., Henningsen, P., Kleinstäuber, M., Kop, W.J., Löwe, B., Martin, A., Malt, U., Rosmalen, J., Schröder, A., Shedden-Mora, M., Toussaint, A., van der Feltz-Cornelis, C.M., Rief, W., Burton, C., Frostholm, L., Henningsen, P., Kleinstäuber, M., Kop, W.J., Löwe, B., Martin, A., Malt, U., Rosmalen, J., Schröder, A., Shedden-Mora, M., Toussaint, A., and van der Feltz-Cornelis, C.M.

Abstract

Objective: The harmonization of core outcome domains in clinical trials facilitates comparison and pooling of data, and simplifies the preparation and review of research projects, and comparison of risks and benefits of treatments. Therefore we provide recommendations for the core outcome domains that should be considered in clinical trials on the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions for somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder, and functional somatic syndromes. Methods: The European Network on Somatic Symptom Disorders group (EURONET-SOMA) of more than 20 experts in the field met twice in Hamburg to discuss issues of assessment and intervention research in somatic symptom disorder, bodily distress disorder, and functional somatic syndromes. The consensus meetings identified core outcome domains that should be considered in clinical trials evaluating treatments for somatic symptom disorder and associated functional somatic syndromes. Results: The following core domains should be considered when defining ascertainment methods in clinical trials: (1) classification of somatic symptom disorder/bodily distress disorder, associated functional somatic syndromes, and comorbid mental disorders (using structured clinical interviews), duration of symptoms, medical morbidity, and prior treatments (2) location, intensity, and interference of somatic symptoms, (3) associated psychobehavioral features and biological markers, (4) illness consequences (quality of life, disability, health care utilization, health care costs), (5) global improvement, treatment satisfaction, and (6) unwanted negative effects. Conclusions: The proposed criteria are intended to improve synergies of clinical trials and to facilitate decision making when comparing different treatment approaches. These recommendations should not result in inflexible guidelines, but increase consistency across investigations in this field.

Published
2017

33. Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder.

Author

Bøen, E., Hjørnevik, T., Hummelen, B., Elvsåshagen, T., Moberget, T., Holtedahl, J. E., Babovic, A., Hol, P. K., Karterud, S., and Malt, U. F.

Subjects
BORDERLINE personality disorder, BRAIN metabolism, GLUCOSE metabolism, BIPOLAR disorder, MESENCEPHALON, WHITE matter (Nerve tissue)
Abstract

Objective: The relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar II disorder (BIP‐II) is disputed but understudied. Here, we investigated brain glucose metabolism in these patient groups and healthy control subjects (HCs). Methods: Sixty‐five subjects, 22 BPD (19 females), 22 BIP‐II (17 females), and 21 HC (14 females), were examined using 2‐deoxy‐2[18F]‐fluoro‐d‐glucose positron‐emission tomography (PET) scanning. Only patients without reciprocal comorbidity were recruited; BPD participants without bipolar spectrum pathology; BIP‐II participants without cluster A/B personality pathology. Groups were compared pairwise. Associations with mood state and childhood trauma were analyzed. Results: Both patient groups exhibited hypometabolism compared with HCs in insula, brainstem, and frontal white matter. Additionally, BPD patients showed hypometabolism in hypothalamus, midbrain, and striatum; BIP‐II patients in cerebellum. Uncorrected analyses showed cortical areas of higher metabolism in BIP‐II than BPD, and associations with clinical variables differed between the groups. Conclusion: Reduced metabolism in the insula regions was shown in both disorders, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. The observed patterns of altered metabolism specific to each patient group, as well as the uncorrected results, may also suggest differential pathophysiology. However, these latter findings must be interpreted cautiously given the non‐significant corrected results in the direct comparison between the disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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34. Subcortical volumetric abnormalities in bipolar disorder

Author

Hibar, D. P., Westlye, L. T., Van Erp, T. G M, Rasmussen, J., Leonardo, C. D., Faskowitz, J., Haukvik, U. K., Hartberg, C. B., Doan, N. T., Agartz, I., Dale, A. M., Gruber, O., Krämer, B., Trost, S., Liberg, B., Abé, C., Ekman, C. J., Ingvar, M., Landén, M., Fears, S. C., Freimer, N. B., Bearden, C. E., Sprooten, E., Glahn, D. C., Pearlson, G. D., Emsell, L., Kenney, J., Scanlon, C., McDonald, C., Cannon, D. M., Almeida, J., Versace, A., Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Phillips, M. L., Dima, D., Delvecchio, G., Frangou, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D., Houenou, J., Henry, C., Malt, U. F., BØen, E., Elvs'shagen, T., Young, A. H., Lloyd, A. J., Goodwin, G. M., Mackay, C. E., Bourne, C., Bilderbeck, A., Abramovic, L., Boks, M. P., Van Haren, N. E M, Ophoff, R. A., Kahn, R. S., Bauer, M., Pfennig, A., Alda, M., Hajek, T., Mwangi, B., Soares, J. C., Nickson, T., Dimitrova, R., Sussmann, J. E., Hagenaars, S., Whalley, H. C., McIntosh, A. M., Thompson, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., Hibar, D. P., Westlye, L. T., Van Erp, T. G M, Rasmussen, J., Leonardo, C. D., Faskowitz, J., Haukvik, U. K., Hartberg, C. B., Doan, N. T., Agartz, I., Dale, A. M., Gruber, O., Krämer, B., Trost, S., Liberg, B., Abé, C., Ekman, C. J., Ingvar, M., Landén, M., Fears, S. C., Freimer, N. B., Bearden, C. E., Sprooten, E., Glahn, D. C., Pearlson, G. D., Emsell, L., Kenney, J., Scanlon, C., McDonald, C., Cannon, D. M., Almeida, J., Versace, A., Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Phillips, M. L., Dima, D., Delvecchio, G., Frangou, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D., Houenou, J., Henry, C., Malt, U. F., BØen, E., Elvs'shagen, T., Young, A. H., Lloyd, A. J., Goodwin, G. M., Mackay, C. E., Bourne, C., Bilderbeck, A., Abramovic, L., Boks, M. P., Van Haren, N. E M, Ophoff, R. A., Kahn, R. S., Bauer, M., Pfennig, A., Alda, M., Hajek, T., Mwangi, B., Soares, J. C., Nickson, T., Dimitrova, R., Sussmann, J. E., Hagenaars, S., Whalley, H. C., McIntosh, A. M., Thompson, P. M., and Andreassen, O. A.

Published
2016

35. Subcortical volumetric abnormalities in bipolar disorder

Author

Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 4, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Onderzoek, Circulatory Health, Hibar, D. P., Westlye, L. T., Van Erp, T. G M, Rasmussen, J., Leonardo, C. D., Faskowitz, J., Haukvik, U. K., Hartberg, C. B., Doan, N. T., Agartz, I., Dale, A. M., Gruber, O., Krämer, B., Trost, S., Liberg, B., Abé, C., Ekman, C. J., Ingvar, M., Landén, M., Fears, S. C., Freimer, N. B., Bearden, C. E., Sprooten, E., Glahn, D. C., Pearlson, G. D., Emsell, L., Kenney, J., Scanlon, C., McDonald, C., Cannon, D. M., Almeida, J., Versace, A., Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Phillips, M. L., Dima, D., Delvecchio, G., Frangou, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D., Houenou, J., Henry, C., Malt, U. F., BØen, E., Elvs'shagen, T., Young, A. H., Lloyd, A. J., Goodwin, G. M., Mackay, C. E., Bourne, C., Bilderbeck, A., Abramovic, L., Boks, M. P., Van Haren, N. E M, Ophoff, R. A., Kahn, R. S., Bauer, M., Pfennig, A., Alda, M., Hajek, T., Mwangi, B., Soares, J. C., Nickson, T., Dimitrova, R., Sussmann, J. E., Hagenaars, S., Whalley, H. C., McIntosh, A. M., Thompson, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., Brain, Onderzoeksgroep 4, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Onderzoek, Circulatory Health, Hibar, D. P., Westlye, L. T., Van Erp, T. G M, Rasmussen, J., Leonardo, C. D., Faskowitz, J., Haukvik, U. K., Hartberg, C. B., Doan, N. T., Agartz, I., Dale, A. M., Gruber, O., Krämer, B., Trost, S., Liberg, B., Abé, C., Ekman, C. J., Ingvar, M., Landén, M., Fears, S. C., Freimer, N. B., Bearden, C. E., Sprooten, E., Glahn, D. C., Pearlson, G. D., Emsell, L., Kenney, J., Scanlon, C., McDonald, C., Cannon, D. M., Almeida, J., Versace, A., Caseras, X., Lawrence, N. S., Phillips, M. L., Dima, D., Delvecchio, G., Frangou, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D., Houenou, J., Henry, C., Malt, U. F., BØen, E., Elvs'shagen, T., Young, A. H., Lloyd, A. J., Goodwin, G. M., Mackay, C. E., Bourne, C., Bilderbeck, A., Abramovic, L., Boks, M. P., Van Haren, N. E M, Ophoff, R. A., Kahn, R. S., Bauer, M., Pfennig, A., Alda, M., Hajek, T., Mwangi, B., Soares, J. C., Nickson, T., Dimitrova, R., Sussmann, J. E., Hagenaars, S., Whalley, H. C., McIntosh, A. M., Thompson, P. M., and Andreassen, O. A.

Published
2016

38. The ENIGMA Consortium: Large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data

Author

Thompson, P., Stein, J., Medland, S., Hibar, D., Vasquez, A., Renteria, M., Toro, R., Jahanshad, N., Schumann, G., Franke, B., Wright, M., Martin, N., Agartz, I., Alda, M., Alhusaini, S., Almasy, L., Almeida, J., Alpert, K., Andreasen, N., Andreassen, O., Apostolova, L., Appel, K., Armstrong, N., Aribisala, B., Bastin, M., Bauer, M., Bearden, C., Bergmann, O., Binder, E., Blangero, J., Bockholt, H., Boen, E., Bois, C., Boomsma, D., Booth, T., Bowman, I., Bralten, J., Brouwer, R., Brunner, H., Brohawn, D., Buckner, R., Buitelaar, J., Bulayeva, K., Bustillo, J., Calhoun, V., Cannon, D., Cantor, R., Carless, M., Caseras, X., Cavalleri, G., Chakravarty, M., Chang, K., Ching, C., Christoforou, A., Cichon, S., Clark, V., Conrod, P., Coppola, G., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J., Czisch, M., Deary, I., de Geus, E., den Braber, A., Delvecchio, G., Depondt, C., de Haan, L., de Zubicaray, G., Dima, D., Dimitrova, R., Djurovic, S., Dong, H., Donohoe, G., Duggirala, R., Dyer, T., Ehrlich, S., Ekman, C., Elvsashagen, T., Emsell, L., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fagerness, J., Fears, S., Fedko, I., Fernandez, G., Fisher, S., Foroud, T., Fox, P., Francks, C., Frangou, S., Frey, E., Frodl, T., Frouin, V., Garavan, H., Giddaluru, S., Glahn, D., Godlewska, B., Goldstein, R., Gollub, R., Grabe, H., Grimm, O., Gruber, O., Guadalupe, T., Gur, R., Goering, H., Hagenaars, S., Hajek, T., Hall, G., Hall, J., Hardy, J., Hartman, C., Hass, J., Hatton, S., Haukvik, U., Hegenscheid, K., Heinz, A., Hickie, I., Ho, B., Hoehn, D., Hoekstra, P., Hollinshead, M., Holmes, A., Homuth, G., Hoogman, M., Hong, L., Hosten, N., Hottenga, J., Pol, H., Hwang, K., Jack, C., Jenkinson, M., Johnston, C., Joensson, E., Kahn, R., Kasperaviciute, D., Kelly, S., Kim, S., Kochunov, P., Koenders, L., Kraemer, B., Kwok, J., Lagopoulos, J., Laje, G., Landen, M., Landman, B., Lauriello, J., Lawrie, S., Lee, P., Le Hellard, S., Lemaitre, H., Leonardo, C., Li, C., Liberg, B., Liewald, D., Liu, X., Lopez, L., Loth, E., Lourdusamy, A., Luciano, M., Macciardi, F., Machielsen, M., MacQueen, G., Malt, U., Mandl, R., Manoach, D., Martinot, J., Matarin, M., Mather, K., Mattheisen, M., Mattingsdal, M., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., McDonald, C., McIntosh, A., McMahon, F., McMahon, K., Meisenzahl, E., Melle, I., Milaneschi, Y., Mohnke, S., Montgomery, G., Morris, D., Moses, Eric, Mueller, B., Munoz Maniega, S., Muehleisen, T., Mueller-Myhsok, B., Mwangi, B., Nauck, M., Nho, K., Nichols, T., Nilsson, L., Nugent, A., Nyberg, L., Olvera, R., Oosterlaan, J., Ophoff, R., Pandolfo, M., Papalampropoulou-Tsiridou, M., Papmeyer, M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Pearlson, G., Penninx, B., Peterson, C., Pfennig, A., Phillips, M., Pike, G., Poline, J., Potkin, S., Puetz, B., Ramasamy, A., Rasmussen, J., Rietschel, M., Rijpkema, M., Risacher, S., Roffman, J., Roiz-Santianez, R., Romanczuk-Seiferth, N., Rose, E., Royle, N., Rujescu, D., Ryten, M., Sachdev, P., Salami, A., Satterthwaite, T., Savitz, J., Saykin, A., Scanlon, C., Schmaal, L., Schnack, H., Schork, A., Schulz, S., Schuer, R., Seidman, L., Shen, L., Shoemaker, J., Simmons, A., Sisodiya, S., Smith, C., Smoller, J., Soares, J., Sponheim, S., Sprooten, E., Starr, J., Steen, V., Strakowski, S., Strike, L., Sussmann, J., Saemann, P., Teumer, A., Toga, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Trabzuni, D., Trost, S., Turner, J., Van den Heuvel, M., van der Wee, N., van Eijk, K., van Erp, T., van Haren, N., van 't Ent, D., van Tol, M., Hernandez, M., Veltman, D., Versace, A., Voelzke, H., Walker, R., Walter, H., Wang, L., Wardlaw, J., Weale, M., Weiner, M., Wen, W., Westlye, L., Whalley, H., Whelan, C., White, T., Winkler, A., Wittfeld, K., Woldehawariat, G., Wolf, C., Zilles, D., Zwiers, M., Thalamuthu, A., Schofield, P., Freimer, N., Lawrence, N., Drevets, W., Thompson, P., Stein, J., Medland, S., Hibar, D., Vasquez, A., Renteria, M., Toro, R., Jahanshad, N., Schumann, G., Franke, B., Wright, M., Martin, N., Agartz, I., Alda, M., Alhusaini, S., Almasy, L., Almeida, J., Alpert, K., Andreasen, N., Andreassen, O., Apostolova, L., Appel, K., Armstrong, N., Aribisala, B., Bastin, M., Bauer, M., Bearden, C., Bergmann, O., Binder, E., Blangero, J., Bockholt, H., Boen, E., Bois, C., Boomsma, D., Booth, T., Bowman, I., Bralten, J., Brouwer, R., Brunner, H., Brohawn, D., Buckner, R., Buitelaar, J., Bulayeva, K., Bustillo, J., Calhoun, V., Cannon, D., Cantor, R., Carless, M., Caseras, X., Cavalleri, G., Chakravarty, M., Chang, K., Ching, C., Christoforou, A., Cichon, S., Clark, V., Conrod, P., Coppola, G., Crespo-Facorro, B., Curran, J., Czisch, M., Deary, I., de Geus, E., den Braber, A., Delvecchio, G., Depondt, C., de Haan, L., de Zubicaray, G., Dima, D., Dimitrova, R., Djurovic, S., Dong, H., Donohoe, G., Duggirala, R., Dyer, T., Ehrlich, S., Ekman, C., Elvsashagen, T., Emsell, L., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fagerness, J., Fears, S., Fedko, I., Fernandez, G., Fisher, S., Foroud, T., Fox, P., Francks, C., Frangou, S., Frey, E., Frodl, T., Frouin, V., Garavan, H., Giddaluru, S., Glahn, D., Godlewska, B., Goldstein, R., Gollub, R., Grabe, H., Grimm, O., Gruber, O., Guadalupe, T., Gur, R., Goering, H., Hagenaars, S., Hajek, T., Hall, G., Hall, J., Hardy, J., Hartman, C., Hass, J., Hatton, S., Haukvik, U., Hegenscheid, K., Heinz, A., Hickie, I., Ho, B., Hoehn, D., Hoekstra, P., Hollinshead, M., Holmes, A., Homuth, G., Hoogman, M., Hong, L., Hosten, N., Hottenga, J., Pol, H., Hwang, K., Jack, C., Jenkinson, M., Johnston, C., Joensson, E., Kahn, R., Kasperaviciute, D., Kelly, S., Kim, S., Kochunov, P., Koenders, L., Kraemer, B., Kwok, J., Lagopoulos, J., Laje, G., Landen, M., Landman, B., Lauriello, J., Lawrie, S., Lee, P., Le Hellard, S., Lemaitre, H., Leonardo, C., Li, C., Liberg, B., Liewald, D., Liu, X., Lopez, L., Loth, E., Lourdusamy, A., Luciano, M., Macciardi, F., Machielsen, M., MacQueen, G., Malt, U., Mandl, R., Manoach, D., Martinot, J., Matarin, M., Mather, K., Mattheisen, M., Mattingsdal, M., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., McDonald, C., McIntosh, A., McMahon, F., McMahon, K., Meisenzahl, E., Melle, I., Milaneschi, Y., Mohnke, S., Montgomery, G., Morris, D., Moses, Eric, Mueller, B., Munoz Maniega, S., Muehleisen, T., Mueller-Myhsok, B., Mwangi, B., Nauck, M., Nho, K., Nichols, T., Nilsson, L., Nugent, A., Nyberg, L., Olvera, R., Oosterlaan, J., Ophoff, R., Pandolfo, M., Papalampropoulou-Tsiridou, M., Papmeyer, M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Pearlson, G., Penninx, B., Peterson, C., Pfennig, A., Phillips, M., Pike, G., Poline, J., Potkin, S., Puetz, B., Ramasamy, A., Rasmussen, J., Rietschel, M., Rijpkema, M., Risacher, S., Roffman, J., Roiz-Santianez, R., Romanczuk-Seiferth, N., Rose, E., Royle, N., Rujescu, D., Ryten, M., Sachdev, P., Salami, A., Satterthwaite, T., Savitz, J., Saykin, A., Scanlon, C., Schmaal, L., Schnack, H., Schork, A., Schulz, S., Schuer, R., Seidman, L., Shen, L., Shoemaker, J., Simmons, A., Sisodiya, S., Smith, C., Smoller, J., Soares, J., Sponheim, S., Sprooten, E., Starr, J., Steen, V., Strakowski, S., Strike, L., Sussmann, J., Saemann, P., Teumer, A., Toga, A., Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D., Trabzuni, D., Trost, S., Turner, J., Van den Heuvel, M., van der Wee, N., van Eijk, K., van Erp, T., van Haren, N., van 't Ent, D., van Tol, M., Hernandez, M., Veltman, D., Versace, A., Voelzke, H., Walker, R., Walter, H., Wang, L., Wardlaw, J., Weale, M., Weiner, M., Wen, W., Westlye, L., Whalley, H., Whelan, C., White, T., Winkler, A., Wittfeld, K., Woldehawariat, G., Wolf, C., Zilles, D., Zwiers, M., Thalamuthu, A., Schofield, P., Freimer, N., Lawrence, N., and Drevets, W.

Abstract

The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way. © 2014 The Author(s).

Published
2014

40. Cortical abnormalities in bipolar disorder: an MRI analysis of 6503 individuals from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group

Author

Hibar, D P, Westlye, L T, Doan, N T, Jahanshad, N, Cheung, J W, Ching, C R K, Versace, A, Bilderbeck, A C, Uhlmann, A, Mwangi, B, Krämer, B, Overs, B, Hartberg, C B, Abé, C, Dima, D, Grotegerd, D, Sprooten, E, Bøen, E, Jimenez, E, Howells, F M, Delvecchio, G, Temmingh, H, Starke, J, Almeida, J R C, Goikolea, J M, Houenou, J, Beard, L M, Rauer, L, Abramovic, L, Bonnin, M, Ponteduro, M F, Keil, M, Rive, M M, Yao, N, Yalin, N, Najt, P, Rosa, P G, Redlich, R, Trost, S, Hagenaars, S, Fears, S C, Alonso-Lana, S, van Erp, T G M, Nickson, T, Chaim-Avancini, T M, Meier, T B, Elvsåshagen, T, Haukvik, U K, Lee, W H, Schene, A H, Lloyd, A J, Young, A H, Nugent, A, Dale, A M, Pfennig, A, McIntosh, A M, Lafer, B, Baune, B T, Ekman, C J, Zarate, C A, Bearden, C E, Henry, C, Simhandl, C, McDonald, C, Bourne, C, Stein, D J, Wolf, D H, Cannon, D M, Glahn, D C, Veltman, D J, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Vieta, E, Canales-Rodriguez, E J, Nery, F G, Duran, F L S, Busatto, G F, Roberts, G, Pearlson, G D, Goodwin, G M, Kugel, H, Whalley, H C, Ruhe, H G, Soares, J C, Fullerton, J M, Rybakowski, J K, Savitz, J, Chaim, K T, Fatjó-Vilas, M, Soeiro-de-Souza, M G, Boks, M P, Zanetti, M V, Otaduy, M C G, Schaufelberger, M S, Alda, M, Ingvar, M, Phillips, M L, Kempton, M J, Bauer, M, Landén, M, Lawrence, N S, van Haren, N E M, Horn, N R, Freimer, N B, Gruber, O, Schofield, P R, Mitchell, P B, Kahn, R S, Lenroot, R, Machado-Vieira, R, Ophoff, R A, Sarró, S, Frangou, S, Satterthwaite, T D, Hajek, T, Dannlowski, U, Malt, U F, Arolt, V, Gattaz, W F, Drevets, W C, Caseras, X, Agartz, I, Thompson, P M, and Andreassen, O A

Abstract

Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not well understood. Structural brain differences have been associated with BD, but results from neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. To address this, we performed the largest study to date of cortical gray matter thickness and surface area measures from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans of 6503 individuals including 1837 unrelated adults with BD and 2582 unrelated healthy controls for group differences while also examining the effects of commonly prescribed medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. In BD, cortical gray matter was thinner in frontal, temporal and parietal regions of both brain hemispheres. BD had the strongest effects on left pars opercularis (Cohen’s d=-0.293; P=1.71 × 10-21), left fusiform gyrus (d=-0.288; P=8.25 × 10-21) and left rostral middle frontal cortex (d=-0.276; P=2.99 × 10-19). Longer duration of illness (after accounting for age at the time of scanning) was associated with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, medial parietal and occipital regions. We found that several commonly prescribed medications, including lithium, antiepileptic and antipsychotic treatment showed significant associations with cortical thickness and surface area, even after accounting for patients who received multiple medications. We found evidence of reduced cortical surface area associated with a history of psychosis but no associations with mood state at the time of scanning. Our analysis revealed previously undetected associations and provides an extensive analysis of potential confounding variables in neuroimaging studies of BD.

Published
2018
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41. International Perspectives on Consultation-Liaison psychiatry

Author

Huyse, F, Herzog, T, Malt, U, Cesarco, R, Creed, F, de Jonge, P, Friedman, T, Hosaka, T, Iwasaki, Y, Lobo, A, Rigatelli, Marco, Smith, G, Sollner, W, Stein, B, Stiefel, F, Strain, J, and Zimmermann, P.

Subjects
consultation-liaison psychiatry
Published
2002

42. Consultation-Liaison psychiatric service delivery: results from a European study

Author

Huyse, F, Herzog, T, Lobo, A, Malt, U, Opmeer, B, Stein, B, Jonge, P, Dijck, R, Creed, F, Crespo, MD, and Cardoso, G

Subjects
Psiquiatria de ligação, Perturbações mentais, Europa, Consultation-liaison psychiatry
Abstract

The reported findings of the European Consultation-Liaison Workgroup (ECLW) Collaborative Study describe consultation-liaison service delivery by 56 services from 11 European countries aggregated on a C-L service level. During the period of 1 year (1991), the participants applied a standardized, reliability tested method of patient data collection, and data were collected describing pertinent characteristics of the hospital, the C-L service, and the participating consultants. The consultation rate of 1% (median; 1.4% mean) underscores the discrepancy between epidemiology and the services delivered. The core function of C-L services in general hospitals is a quick, comprehensive emergency psychiatric function. Reasons to see patients were the following. deliberate self-harm (17%), substance abuse (7.2%), current psychiatric symptoms (38.6%), and unexplained physical complaints (18.6%) (all means). A significant number of patients are old and seriously ill. Mood disorders and organic mental disorders are most predominant (17.7%). Somatoform and dissociative disorders together constitute 7.5%. C-L services in European countries are mainly emergency psychiatric services and perform an important bridge function between primary, general health, and mental health care.

Published
2001

43. European consultation-liaison services and their user populations: the European Consultation-Liaison Workgroup Collaborative Study

Author

Huyse, F, Herzog, T, Lobo, A, Malt, U, Opmeer, B, Stein, B, and Cardoso, G

Subjects
Psiquiatria de ligação, Perturbações mentais, Estudo comparativo, Comorbilidade, Europa, Consultation-liaison psychiatry, Perturbações psicofisiológicas
Abstract

The authors identified variations in the characteristics of patients referred to 56 consultation-liaison (C-L) services in 11 European countries. The authors found differences in the types of patients referred to the services, and there were significant differences between countries. The first difference lays in whether services saw patients for deliberate self-harm and for substance abuse. German psychosomatic C-L services saw virtually no such patients, although in other C-L services these patients constituted one-quarter to one-third of the patients referred. The second difference lays in the remaining group of referred patients. This group is best characterized by two dimensions. One describes the severity of psychopathology -- ranging from organic mental conditions to somatization. The other describes the clarity of the physical diagnosis -- ranging from patients referred by surgical wards to those referred by general medicine and neurology wards.

Published
2000

45. Kronisk utmattelsessyndrom - en gjennomgang av det vitenskapelige grunnlaget for behandling

Author

Wyller, V.B., Bjørneklett, A., Brubakk, O., Festvåg, L., Follestad, I., Larun, L., Malt, U., Malterud, K., Nielsen, E.Strømme, Nyland, H., Rambøl, H., Stubhaug, B., Wyller, V.B., Bjørneklett, A., Brubakk, O., Festvåg, L., Follestad, I., Larun, L., Malt, U., Malterud, K., Nielsen, E.Strømme, Nyland, H., Rambøl, H., and Stubhaug, B.

Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: 2007

Published
2007

48. The ECLW Collaborative Study: III. Training and reliability of ICD-10 psychiatric diagnoses in the general hospital setting--an investigation of 220 consultants from 14 European countries. European Consultation Liaison Workgroup

Author

Malt, U, Huyse, F, Herzog, T, Lobo, A, Rijssenbeek, A, ECLW Coordination Center, and Cardoso, G

Subjects
Psiquiatria de ligação, Perturbações mentais, Medicina psicossomática, Europa, Psychiatric diagnosis, Consultation-liaison psychiatry, Perturbações psicofisiológicas
Abstract

A comprehensive training program for reliable use of the ICD/10 in Consultation-Liaison (C-L) psychiatry was conducted with 220 psychiatrists and psychologists from 14 European countries. The training included rating of written test cases and development of a coding manual to avoid diagnostic pitfalls not addressed in the ICD-10 manual. Following this training, all consultants rated 13 written case histories. One hundred sixty-seven consultants (76%) had a kappa (kappa) of at least 0.70. Only 13 (6%) had a kappa 0.40. The percentage of high reliability raters was evenly distributed among the different countries. Consultants had some problems in the differentiation between adjustment disorders and depressive disorders, and in the classification of disorders where ICD-10 differs from the DSM-III-R system. National biases in diagnostic practice were found with regard to the "case" concept and the role of alcohol in confusional states. Finnish consultants coded "no psychiatric disorder" significantly more often, whereas German and Italian consultants attributed delirious state more often to alcohol than consultants from other European countries. The study demonstrates that it is possible to achieve acceptable interrater reliability in applying the ICD-10 guidelines, through training programs designed for C-L psychiatrists and psychologists. Nevertheless, this first cross-national study shows the importance of addressing differences in national diagnostic practice.

Published
1996

49. The European Consultation-Liaison Workgroup (ECLW) Collaborative Study. I. General outline

Author

Huyse, F, Herzog, T, Malt, U, Lobo, A, ECLW Coordination Center, and Cardoso, G

Subjects
Psiquiatria de ligação, Medicina psicossomática, Europa, Consultation-liaison psychiatry, Perturbações psicofisiológicas
Abstract

Previous C-L psychiatric service research is seriously limited by its parochial nature; very few results can be generalized outside of the hospital in which the original study was performed because of differences in the nature of the hospital and the type of C-L service. This article presents the general outline and methodology of a European multicentered C-L service delivery study effected by the European Consultation-Liaison Workgroup for General Hospital Psychiatry and Psychosomatics (ECLW). The study is unique in its kind as it allows the comparison of very different C-L services; for example, some services are run by C-L psychiatrists, others are run by C-L psychosomaticists and the study encompasses a large variety of different settings. As a result, both common factors in C-L service delivery and specific local patterns can be explored. The overall hypothesis tested in this study was that the most developed services would see (as well as more patients) a wider variety of clinical problems than small services. The implication is that the absence of well-developed C-L services in a general hospital may mean that there are patients with unmet mental health needs. In separate articles the training and reliability testing of the new Patient Registration Form (PRF) and the Institutional and Provider characteristics will be described. The former includes the use of ICD-10 in the general hospital setting. This study is a collaborative effort made by 226 consultants from 56 psychiatric C-L services in 11 countries. Each consultant recorded details of 1 year's caseload leading to a thorough description of 14,717 patients collected between 1991 and 1993. The advanced methodology included a multicentered international approach, rigid training for all participating consultants, and the development and testing of new instruments. This will allow us to assess the impact of important structural and process variables on the outcome of C-L service delivery in several European countries. These results will be reported in papers both in the international and national literature of the participating countries.

Published
1996

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