Search

Glycated hemoglobin is the frequently used test in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. However, because this test is affected by various factors and may not be accurate for patients of certain health conditions, the present study aims to explore the association between potential and cost-effective markers like serum Fructosamine, Erythrocyte Na+-K+ ATPase, and Glutathione peroxidase with altering levels of established marker HbA1c (Glycated haemoglobin). The study showed that serum Fructosamine has a statistically significant (P = <0.0001) association with increasing levels of HbA1c as well as blood glucose. There was a 100% sensitivity and specificity for serum fructosamine test against HbA1c in ROC analysis, however, the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte membrane Na+-K+ ATPase activity was not affected by increasing HbA1c levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acrylic resin bases of removable dentures attract stains and odor-producing organic and inorganic deposits. The use of chemical denture cleanser soaks is the most popular method of denture cleansing. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of two different denture cleansers-sodium perborate (Clinsodent) and sodium hypochlorite (VI-Clean)-in removing tea, coffee, turmeric and tobacco (paan) stains from heat-cured clear acrylic resins. Distilled water was used as a control. Both Clinsodent and VI-Clean were found to be the least effective in removing coffee stains and best for removing turmeric stain. It is necessary that the dental professional be aware of these results to ensure that denture wearers know how to select the appropriate denture cleanser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 14-year-girl presented with solitary exuberant warty plaque over her right great toe since the age of 4 years. Ten years ago, an excisional biopsy was performed by a surgeon, and a histopathological diagnosis of angiokeratoma was made. A wide local excision of the lesion followed by a plantar digital artery flap in a V-Y fashion adjacent and just proximal to the excision wound was performed. This procedure has not only led to complete growth removal, but also a well-preserved digit with an excellent color and contour match. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cervical cancer, the leading malignancy among Indian women is preventable and curable if detected at an early stage using proper screening tools. We conducted a study to assess the role of visual inspection with acetic acid as an alternative to pap smear and in screening program for cervical cancer in low resource settings. Methods: Two hundred and twenty five women in reproductive age group attending the Gynecology department at K.S Hegde Charitable Hospital were enrolled in the study. A Papanicolaou smear and visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid was done. All women then underwent colposcopy using the videocolposcope. All patients who tested positive on screening then underwent colposcopy guided biopsy. Pap smear of Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and above was taken as abnormal. The statistical test used was chi square test and results were computed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12.0. Results: Out of 225 patients, VIA was positive in 27(12%) patients and Pap smear was abnormal in 26(11.7%). There were 15 LSIL, 6 high Grade Squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and 5 were squamous cell carcinoma. On biopsy, there were 15 mild dysplasia, 2 moderate dysplasia, 4 severe dysplasia and 3 squamous cancers.. Pap smear had a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 98%, positive predictive value of 80 % and negative predictive value of 97.9%. VIA had a sensitivity of 70.8%, specificity of 95%, and positive predictive value of 62.9 % and negative predictive value of 96.5%. Conclusion: Since diagnostic values of VIA is comparable to pap smear, and it performs well in detecting high grade lesion we conclude that VIA can be used as a screening modality for cervical cancer in low resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Synovial arteriovenous malformation is rare., Case Characteristics: We present three children with recurrent monoarthritis secondary to synovial arteriovenous malformation., Outcome: Two children underwent excision of arteriovenous malformation. Another child had diffuse arteriovenous malformation, which was inoperable., Message: Synovial arteriovenous malformations should be considered in the differential diagnosis of monoarthritis, especially of the knee.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the hypothesis that low-level fluences done repetitively on a hair follicle will produce permanent hair removal with less discomfort and fewer side effects than a single high-fluence pulse., Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of a low-fluence, high-repetition rate versus a high-fluence, low-repetition rate 810-nm diode laser for permanent hair reduction in patients with facial hirsutism., Methods: Forty-two female patients with confirmed polycystic ovaries by ultrasonography with facial hirsutism were subjected to the low-fluence, high-repetition Soprano® XL laser in SHR mode and the LightSheer™ laser on each side of the face using preset parameters once a month for six sessions. Hair counts were done at the end of the sixth session using a 'Hi Quality Hair Analysis Program System' and the pain score was recorded by a visual analog scale., Results: The overall median reduction of hair was 90.5% with the Soprano XL and 85% with the LightSheer, with a standard deviation of 7 and 8.5 respectively., Discussion: This new technology, with low fluence and high repetition, showed a statistically insignificant increase in hair reduction compared to the LightSheer, but did show a significant reduction in hair thickness and a low pain score.