Search

Your search keyword '"Mallol J"' showing total 571 results
Start Over Author "Mallol J"
571 results on '"Mallol J"'

4. Are Environmental Factors for Atopic Eczema in ISAAC Phase Three due to Reverse Causation?

Author

Aït-Khaled, N., Anderson, H.R., Asher, M.I., Beasley, R., Björkstén, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., García-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C.K.W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E.A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C.F., Stewart, A.W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S.K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H.C., Wong, G., Clayton, T.O., Ellwood, E., Baena-Cagnani, C.E., Gómez, M., Howitt, M.E., Weyler, J., Pinto-Vargas, R., Petrolera de Salud, Caja, Cunha, A.J. D.A., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L.A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y.-Z., Kunii, O., Pan, Q. Li, Zhong, N.-S., Aristizábal, G., Cepeda, A.M., Ordoñez, G.A., Bustos, C., Riikjärv, M.-A., Melaku, K., Sa’aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I.E., Novák, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N.M., Jain, K.C., Joshi, M.K., Mantri, S.N., Pherwani, A.V., Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S.K., Singh, V., Sukumaran, T., Suresh Babu, P.S., Kartasasmita, C.B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M.R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B.N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J.A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B.S., Teh, K.H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragán-Meijueiro, M., Del-Río-Navarro, B.E., García-Almaráz, R., González-Díaz, S.N., Linares-Zapién, F.J., Merida-Palacio, J.V., Ramírez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I., Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B.O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Brêborowicz, A., Solé, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V., Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C.K., Lee, B.W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., Rutter, Charlotte E., Silverwood, Richard J., Williams, Hywel C., Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Postoperative care in hypospadias. Common practices and evidence available.

Author

Carretero, S. Fuentes, Moreillo, C. Grande, Vicente Sánchez, N., and Mallol, J. Margarit

Subjects
HYPOSPADIAS, POSTOPERATIVE care, PEDIATRIC surgeons, ANTIBIOTIC prophylaxis, URINARY catheters
Abstract

Copyright of Cirugía Pediátrica (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Cirurgia Pediatrica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Trends in eczema prevalence in children and adolescents: A Global Asthma Network Phase I Study

Author

Langan, SM, Mulick, AR, Rutter, CE, Silverwood, R, Asher, I, García-Marcos, L, Ellwood, E, Bissell, K, Chiang, CY, Sony, AE, Ellwood, P, Marks, G, Mortimer, K, Martínez-Torres, AE, Morales, E, Perez-Fernandez, V, Robertson, S, Williams, H, Strachan, DP, Pearce, N, Marks, Masekela, R, Martinez-Torres, AE, Silverwood, RJ, Mallol, J, Soto-Martinez, ME, Cabrera Aguilar, A, Douros, K, Mohammed, S, Singh, M, Singh, V, Sukumaran, TU, Awasthi, S, Kabra, SK, Salvi, S, Mérida-Palacio, JV, González-Díaz, SN, Navarrete-Rodriguez, EM, Sánchez, JF, Falade, AG, Zar, HJ, López-Silvarrey Varela, A, González Díaz, C, Nour, M, Dib, G, Mohammad, Y, Huang, JL, Chinratanapisit, S, Soto-Quirós, ME, El-Sony, A, Vichyanond, P, Aguilar, P, Barba, S, Kumar, L, Sharma, SK, Hanumante, NM, García-Almaráz, R, Del-Río-Navarro, BE, Linares-Zapién, FJ, Onadeko, BO, Musa, OAA, Aguirre, V, Baeza-Bacab, M, Mohammad, S, Cortéz, E, Gratziou, CH, Chopra, K, Nelson, H, Rubio, AD, Hsieh, KH, Shah, J, Langan, SM [0000-0002-7022-7441], Mulick, AR [0000-0002-4009-2080], García-Marcos, L [0000-0002-0925-3851], Morales, E [0000-0003-3145-7022], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
global estimates, atopic dermatitis, flexural rash, prevalence, eczema
Abstract

Background: Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a major global public health issue with high prevalence and morbidity. Our goal was to evaluate eczema prevalence over time, using standardized methodology. Methods: The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I study is an international collaborative study arising from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC). Using surveys, we assessed eczema prevalence, severity, and lifetime prevalence, in global centres participating in GAN Phase I (2015–2020) and one/ both of ISAAC Phase I (1993–1995) and Phase III (2001–2003). We fitted linear mixed models to estimate 10‐yearly prevalence trends, by age group, income, and region. Results: We analysed GAN Phase I data from 27 centres in 14 countries involving 74,361 adolescents aged 13–14 and 47,907 children aged 6–7 (response rate 90%, 79%). A median of 6% of children and adolescents had symptoms of current eczema, with 1.1% and 0.6% in adolescents and children, respectively, reporting symptoms of severe eczema. Over 27 years, after adjusting for world region and income, we estimated small overall 10‐year increases in current eczema prevalence (adolescents: 0.98%, 95% CI 0.04%–1.92%; children: 1.21%, 95% CI 0.18%–2.24%), and severe eczema (adolescents: 0.26%, 95% CI 0.06%–0.46%; children: 0.23%, 95% CI 0.02%–0.45%) with larger increases in lifetime prevalence (adolescents: 2.71%, 95% CI 1.10%–4.32%; children: 3.91%, 95% CI 2.07%–5.75%). There was substantial heterogeneity in 10‐year change between centres (standard deviations 2.40%, 0.58%, and 3.04%), and strong evidence that some of this heterogeneity was explained by region and income level, with increases in some outcomes in high‐income children and middle‐income adolescents. Conclusions: There is substantial variation in changes in eczema prevalence over time by income and region. Understanding reasons for increases in some regions and decreases in others will help inform prevention strategies.

Published
2023

18. Do fast foods cause asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema? Global findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three

Author

Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, M Innes, García-Marcos, Luis, Williams, Hywel, Keil, Ulrich, Robertson, Colin, Nagel, Gabriele, Aït-Khaled, N, Anderson, H R, Asher, M I, Beasley, R, Björkstén, B, Brunekreef, B, Crane, J, Ellwood, P, Flohr, C, Foliaki, S, Forastiere, F, García-Marcos, L, Keil, U, Lai, C K W, Mallol, J, Mitchell, E A, Montefort, S, Odhiambo, J, Pearce, N, Robertson, C F, Stewart, A W, Strachan, D, von Mutius, E, Weiland, S K, Weinmayr, G, Williams, H, Wong, G, Asher, M I, Clayton, T O, Ellwood, E, Ellwood, P, Mitchell, E A, Stewart, A W, Baena-Cagnani, C E, Gómez, M, Howitt, M E, Weyler, J, Pinto-Vargas, R, Cunha, A J L A, de Freitas Souza, L, Kuaban, C, Ferguson, A, Rennie, D, Aguilar, P, Amarales, L, Benavides, L A V, Contreras, A, Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O, Li Pan, Q, Zhong, N-S, Aristizábal, G, Cepeda, A M, Ordoñez, G A, Koffi, B N, Bustos, C, Riikjärv, M-A, Melaku, K, Saʼaga-Banuve, R, Pekkanen, J, Vlaski, E, Hypolite, I E, Wong, G, Novák, Z, Zsigmond, G, Awasthi, S, Sabir, M, Sharma, S K, Singh, V, Suresh Babu, P S, Kartasasmita, C B, Konthen, P, Suprihati, W, Masjedi, M-R, Steriu, A, Odajima, H, al-Momen, J A, Imanalieva, C, Kudzyte, J, Quah, B S, Teh, K H, Baeza-Bacab, M, Barragán-Meijueiro, M, Del-Río-Navarro, B E, García-Almaráz, R, González-Díaz, S N, Linares-Zapién, F J, Merida-Palacio, J V, Ramírez-Chanona, N, Romero-Tapia, S, Romieu, I, Bouayad, Z, Asher, M I, MacKay, R, Moyes, C, Pattemore, P, Pearce, N, Onadeko, B O, Cukier, G, Chiarella, P, Cua-Lim, F, Brêborowicz, A, Lis, G, Câmara, R, Lopes dos Santos, J M, Nunes, C, Rosado Pinto, J, Fuimaono, P, Goh, D Y T, Zar, H J, Lee, H-B, Blanco-Quirós, A, Busquets, R M, Carvajal-Urueña, I, García-Hernández, G, García-Marcos, L, González Díaz, C, López-Silvarrey Varela, A, Morales Suárez-Varela, M M, Pérez-Yarza, E G, Al-Rawas, O, Mohammad, S, Mohammad, Y, Tabbah, K, Huang, J-L, Kao, C-C, Trakultivakorn, M, Vichyanond, P, Iosefa, T, Windom, H H, Burr, M, Strachan, D, Holgado, D, Lapides, M C, Aldrey, O, Sears, M, Aguirre, V, Mallol, J, Lai, C K W, Shah, J, Baratawidjaja, K, Anderson, H R, Nishima, S, and Lee, B-W

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Can environment or allergy explain international variation in prevalence of wheeze in childhood?

Author

Weinmayr, G., Jaensch, A., Ruelius, A. -K., Forastiere, F., Strachan, D. P., Weiland, S. K., Buchele, G., Dentler, C., Rzehak, P., Priftanji, A., Shkurti, A., Simenati, J., Grabocka, E., Shyti, K., Agolli, S., Gurakuqi, A., Stein, R. T., de Pereira, M. U., Jones, M. H., Pitrez, P. M., Cooper, P. J., Chico, M., Chen, Y. Z., Zhong, N. S., Lai, C. K. W., Wong, G. W. K., Riikjarv, M. -A., Annus, T., Annesi-Maesano, I., Gotua, M., Rukhadze, M., Abramidze, T., Kvachadze, I., Karsanidze, L., Kiladze, M., Dolidze, N., Leupold, W., Keil, U., von Mutius, E., Arthur, P., Addo-Yobo, E., Gratziou, C., Priftis, K., Papadopoulou, A., Katsardis, C., Tsanakas, J., Hatziagorou, E., Kirvassilis, F., Clausen, M., Shah, J. R., Mathur, R. S., Khubchandani, R. P., Mantri, S., Di Domenicantonio, R., De Sario, M., Sammarro, S., Pistelli, Riccardo, Serra, M. G., Corbo, Giuseppe Maria, Perucci, C. A., Svabe, V., Sebre, D., Casno, G., Novikova, I., Bagrade, L., Brunekreef, B., Schram, D., Doekes, G., Jansen-van Vliet, P. H. N., Janssen, N. A. H., Aarts, F. J. H., de Meer, G., Crane, J., Wickens, K., Barry, D., Nystad, W., Bolle, R., Lund, E., Batlles Garrido, J., Rubi Ruiz, T., Bonillo Perales, A., Gonzalez Jimenez, Y., Aguirre Rodriguez, J., Momblan deCabo, J., Losilla Maldonado, A., Daza Torres, M., Garcia-Marcos, L., Martinez Torres, A., Guillen Perez, J. J., Pinana Lopez, A., Castejon Robles, S., Garcia Hernandez, G., Martinez Gimeno, A., Moro Rodriguez, A. L., Luna Paredes, C., Gonzalez Gil, I., Morales Suarez-Varela, M. M., Llopis Gonzalez, A., Escribano Montaner, A., Tallon Guerola, M., Braback, L., Kjellman, M., Nilsson, L., Mai, X. -M., Sandin, A., Saraclar, Y., Kuyucu, S., Tuncer, A., Sackesen, C., Sumbuloglu, V., Geyik, P., Kocabas, C., Kaur, B., El-Sharif, N., Nemery, B., Barghuthy, F., Abu Huij, S., Qlebo, M., van Hage, M., Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Flohr, C., Williams, John Harford, Asher, I., Ellwood, P., Stewart, A., Mitchell, E., Pearce, N., Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Foliaki, S., Mallol, J., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., and Robertson, C.

Subjects
International variation, medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, Epidemiology, Settore MED/10 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO RESPIRATORIO, Environment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Global Health, medicine.disease_cause, Atopy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Wheeze, Hypersensitivity, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Environmental risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, Child, Asthma, business.industry, Public health, Aeroallergen, medicine.disease, medicine.symptom, business, Demography
Abstract

Asthma prevalence in children varies substantially around the world, but the contribution of known risk factors to this international variation is uncertain. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Two studied 8-12 year old children in 30 centres worldwide with parent-completed symptom and risk factor questionnaires and aeroallergen skin prick testing. We used multilevel logistic regression modelling to investigate the effect of adjustment for individual and ecological risk factors on the between-centre variation in prevalence of recent wheeze. Adjustment for single individual-level risk factors changed the centre-level variation from a reduction of up to 8.4% (and 8.5% for atopy) to an increase of up to 6.8%. Modelling the 11 most influential environmental factors among all children simultaneously, the centre-level variation changed little overall (2.4% increase). Modelling only factors that decreased the variance, the 6 most influential factors (synthetic and feather quilt, mother's smoking, heating stoves, dampness and foam pillows) in combination resulted in a 21% reduction in variance. Ecological (centre-level) risk factors generally explained higher proportions of the variation than did individual risk factors. Single environmental factors and aeroallergen sensitisation measured at the individual (child) level did not explain much of the between-centre variation in wheeze prevalence.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Intestinal duplication isolated from the digestive tract: an entity to be considered.

Author

Moreillo, C. Grande, Mallol, J. Margarit, and Carretero, S. Fuentes

Subjects
*ALIMENTARY canal, *DIAGNOSIS, *INTESTINAL abnormalities, *OPERATIVE surgery, *TORSION
Abstract

Objectives. To review intestinal duplications isolated from the digestive tract. Materials and methods. Description of the 27 isolated intestinal duplication cases published; presentation of a new case. Results. Intestinal duplication isolated from the digestive tract represents an extremely rare malformation. This type of duplication is not in close contact with any segment of the intestinal tract, and it has its own vascular pedicle. Preoperative diagnosis rates are lower than those found in classic duplications. In addition to the potential complications, malformation torsion is also to be considered. Conclusions. This infrequent variant is to be considered at differential diagnosis. Potential torsion should also be taken into account in order to decide when an asymptomatic patient should undergo surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Essential Medicines at the National Level: The Global Asthma Network's Essential Asthma Medicines Survey 2014

Author

Bissell, K, Ellwood, P, Ellwood, E, Chiang, C-Y, Marks, GB, El Sony, A, Asher, I, Billo, N, Perrin, C, Billo, NE, Garcia-Marcos, L, Mallol, J, Pearce, N, Strachan, D, Priftanji, A, Boukari, R, Taright, S, Gomez, M, Baghdasaryan, A, Burgess, S, Mattes, J, Tai, A, Riedler, J, Shpakou, A, Weyler, J, Lawin, H, de Abruzzese, AJ, Domuz, S, Brandao, HV, Camargos, PAM, Fischer, GB, Menezes, AM, Porto Neto, AC, Rosario, N, Sole, D, Mustakov, TB, Birba, E, Ngahane, MBH, Tse, SM, Standring, P, Aguirre, V, Calvo Gil, MA, Chen, Y-Z, Kan, X, Garcia, E, Niederbacher, J, Obel, KB, Soto-Quiros, ME, Banac, S, Yiallouros, P, Lochte, L, Barba, S, Bustos, C, El Falaki, M, Figueroa Colorado, M, Weihe, P, Lal, VA, Makela, M, Annesi-Maesano, I, Raherison, C, Gotua, M, von Mutius, E, Addo-Yobo, EO, Akpinar-Elci, M, Lai, CKW, Novak, Z, Kabra, SK, Ilangho, RP, Pherwani, AV, Sharma, SK, Sukumaran, TU, Dalimunthe, W, Karimi, M, Masjedi, M-R, Manning, P, Shohat, T, Forastiere, F, La Grutta, S, Petronio, MG, Piffer, S, Kahwa, E, Odajima, H, Abu-Ekteish, F, Amukoye, EI, Esamai, FO, Hong, S-J, Neziri-Ahmetaj, L, Momen, JA, Akkhavong, K, Svabe, V, Vlaski, E, Mortimer, K, Daud, M, Montefort, S, Del Rio Navarro, BE, Jimenez Gonzalez, CA, Merida-Palacio, JV, Paramo-Arroyo, RF, Munkhbayarlakh, S, Brunekreef, B, Currie, S, Douwes, J, Graham, D, Hancox, R, Moyes, C, Pattemore, P, Vis, K, Cordero, RMZ, Ayuk, A, Falade, AG, Garba, IB, Hammangabdo, A, Onyia, N, Pulu, M, Nystad, W, Al-Rawas, O, Yusuf, MO, Watson, BM, El Sharif, N, Cukier, G, Chiarella, P, Pagcatipunan, R, Breborowicz, A, Lis, G, Morais-Almeida, M, Deleanu, D, Kamaltynova, E, Kondiurina, EG, Esera-Tulifau, L, Al-Ghamdi, Memish, ZA, Nahhas, MA, Yousef, A, Toure, NO, Visnjevac, D, Zivkovic, Z, Deen, GF, Goh, DYT, Masekala, R, Zar, HJ, Carvajal-Uruena, I, Gonzalez Diaz, C, Korta Murua, J, Luna-Paredes, C, Morales-Suarez-Varela, M, Praena-Crespo, M, Kudagammana, ST, Mohammad, Y, Guo, YL, Huang, J-L, Lao-Araya, M, Teeratakulpisarn, J, Vichyanond, P, Anderson, S, Tidjani, O, Iosefa, T, Aho, G, Dookeeram, D, Hamzaoui, A, Yorgancioglu, A, Ituaso-Conway, N, Worodria, W, Fedortsiv, O, Mahboub, B, Mansur, AH, Kumar, H, Valentin-Rostan, M, Harrison, G, Fiocchi, A, Le, LTT, Wa Somwe, S, Manangazira, P, and Grp, GANS

Subjects
sense organs
Abstract

Patients with asthma need uninterrupted supplies of affordable, quality-assured essential medicines. However, access in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. The World Health Organization (WHO) Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Global Action Plan 2013–2020 sets an 80% target for essential NCD medicines’ availability. Poor access is partly due to medicines not being included on the national Essential Medicines Lists (EML) and/or National Reimbursement Lists (NRL) which guide the provision of free/subsidised medicines. We aimed to determine how many countries have essential asthma medicines on their EML and NRL, which essential asthma medicines, and whether surveys might monitor progress. A cross-sectional survey in 2013–2015 of Global Asthma Network principal investigators generated 111/120 (93%) responses—41 high-income countries and territories (HICs); 70 LMICs. Patients in HICs with NRL are best served (91% HICs included ICS (inhaled corticosteroids) and salbutamol). Patients in the 24 (34%) LMICs with no NRL and the 14 (30%) LMICs with an NRL, however no ICS are likely to have very poor access to affordable, quality-assured ICS. Many LMICs do not have essential asthma medicines on their EML or NRL. Technical guidance and advocacy for policy change is required. Improving access to these medicines will improve the health system’s capacity to address NCDs.

Published
2019

37. Are environmental factors for atopic eczema in ISAAC phase three due to reverse causation?

Author

Rutter, Charlotte E., Silverwood, Richard J., Williams, Hywel C., Ellwood, Philippa, Asher, Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, Langan, Sinead M., Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Asher, M., I, Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C. K. W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E. A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C. F., Stewart, A. W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S. K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H. C., Wong, G., Clayton, T. O., Ellwood, E., Baena-Cagnani, C. E., Gomez, M., Howitt, M. E., Weyler, Joost J., Pinto-Vargas, R., da Cunha, A. J., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L. A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O., Pan, Q. Li, Zhong, N. S., Aristizabal, G., Cepeda, A. M., Ordonez, G. A., Bustos, C., Riikjarv, M-A, Melaku, K., Sa'aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I. E., Novak, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N. M., Jain, K. C., Joshi, M. K., Khatav, V. A., Mantri, S. N., Pherwani, A., V, Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S. K., Singh, V, Sukumaran, T., Babu, P. S. Suresh, Kartasasmita, C. B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M. R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B. N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J. A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B. S., Teh, K. H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragan-Meijueiro, M., Del-Rio-Navarro, B. E., Garcia-Almaraz, R., Gonzalez-Diaz, S. N., Linares-Zapien, F. J., Merida-Palacio, J., V, Ramirez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I, Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B. O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Breborowicz, A., Sole, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V, Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C. K., Lee, B. W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., and ISAAC Phase Three Study Grp

Subjects
Human medicine
Abstract

Some previously described environmental associations for atopic eczema may be due to reverse causation. We explored the role of reverse causation by comparing individual-and school-level results for multiple atopic eczema risk factors. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (i.e, ISAAC) Phase Three surveyed children in schools (the sampling unit) regarding atopic eczema symptoms and potential risk factors. We assessed the effect of these risk factors on atopic eczema symptoms using mixed-effect logistic regression models, first with individual-level exposure data and second with school-level exposure prevalence. Overall, 546,348 children from 53 countries were included. At ages 6-7 years, the strongest individual-level associations were with current paracetamol use (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37-1.54), which persisted at school-level (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.10-2.21), early-life antibiotics (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.34-1.48), and early-life paracetamol use (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.21-1.36), with the former persisting at the school level, whereas the latter was no longer observed (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.00-1.82 and OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.69-1.28, respectively). At ages 13-14 years, the strongest associations at the individual level were with current paracetamol use (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.51-1.63) and open-fire cooking (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.33-1.62); both were stronger at the school level (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.84-3.59 and OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.52-3.73, respectively). Association with exposure to heavy traffic (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.27-1.36) also persisted at the school level (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.07-1.82). Most individual-and school-level effects were consistent, tending to exclude reverse causation.

Published
2019

38. Can environment or allergy explain international variation in prevalence of wheeze in childhood?

Author

Weinmayr G, Jaensch A, Ruelius A, Forastiere F, Strachan D, Weiland S, Buchele G, Dentler C, Rzehak P, Priftanji A, Shkurti A, Simenati J, Grabocka E, Shyti K, Agolli S, Gurakuqi A, Stein R, de Pereira M, Jones M, Pitrez P, Cooper P, Chico M, Chen Y, Zhong N, Lai C, Wong G, Riikjarv M, Annus T, Annesi-Maesano I, Gotua M, Rukhadze M, Abramidze T, Kvachadze I, Karsanidze L, Kiladze M, Dolidze N, Leupold W, Keil U, von Mutius E, Arthur P, Addo-Yobo E, Gratziou C, Priftis K, Papadopoulou A, Katsardis C, Tsanakas J, Hatziagorou E, Kirvassilis F, Clausen M, Shah J, Mathur R, Khubchandani R, Mantri S, Di Domenicantonio R, De Sario M, Sammarro S, Pistelli R, Serra M, Corbo G, Perucci C, Svabe V, Sebre D, Casno G, Novikova I, Bagrade L, Brunekreef B, Schram D, Doekes G, Jansen-van Vliet P, Janssen N, Aarts F, de Meer G, Crane J, Wickens K, Barry D, Nystad W, Bolle R, Lund E, Garrido J, Ruiz T, Perales A, Jimenez Y, Rodriguez J, de Cabo J, Maldonado A, Torres M, Garcia-Marcos L, Torres A, Perez J, Lopez A, Robles S, Hernandez G, Gimeno A, Rodriguez A, Paredes C, Gil I, Suarez-Varela M, Gonzalez A, Montaner A, Guerola M, Braback L, Kjellman M, Nilsson L, Mai X, Sandin A, Saraclar Y, Kuyucu S, Tuncer A, Sackesen C, Sumbuloglu V, Geyik P, Kocabas C, Kaur B, El-Sharif N, Nemery B, Barghuthy F, Abu Huij S, Qlebo M, van Hage M, Ait-Khaled N, Anderson H, Flohr C, Williams H, Asher I, Ellwood P, Stewart A, Mitchell E, Pearce N, Beasley R, Bjorksten B, Foliaki S, Mallol J, Montefort S, Odhiambo J, Robertson C, and ISAAC Phase Two Study Grp

Published
2019

39. Are environmental risk factors for current wheeze in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase three due to reverse causation?

Author

Silverwood, Richard J., Rutter, Charlotte E., Mitchell, Edwin A., Asher, M. Innes, Garcia-Marcos, Luis, Strachan, David P., Pearce, Neil, Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Asher, M. I., Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Brunekreef, B., Crane, J., Ellwood, P., Flohr, C., Foliaki, S., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Marcos, L., Keil, U., Lai, C. K. W., Mallol, J., Mitchell, E. A., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Robertson, C. F., Stewart, A. W., Strachan, D., von Mutius, E., Weiland, S. K., Weinmayr, G., Williams, H. C., Wong, G., Clayton, T. O., Baena-Cagnani, C. E., Gomez, M., Howitt, M. E., Weyler, Joost J., Pinto-Vargas, R., da Cunha, A. J., de Freitas Souza, L., Kuaban, C., Ferguson, A., Rennie, D., Standring, P., Aguilar, P., Amarales, L., Benavides, L. A., Contreras, A., Chen, Y-Z, Kunii, O., Pan, Li, Zhong, N. S., Aristizabal, G., Cepeda, A. M., Ordonez, G. A., Bustos, C., Riikjarv, M-A, Melaku, K., Sa'aga-Banuve, R., Pekkanen, J., Hypolite, I. E., Novak, Z., Zsigmond, G., Awasthi, S., Bhave, S., Hanumante, N. M., Jain, K. C., Joshi, M. K., Khatav, V. A., Mantri, S. N., Pherwani, A. V., Rego, S., Sabir, M., Salvi, S., Setty, G., Sharma, S. K., Singh, V., Sukumaran, T., Babu, P. S. Suresh, Kartasasmita, C. B., Konthen, P., Suprihati, W., Masjedi, M. R., Steriu, A., Koffi, B. N., Odajima, H., al-Momen, J. A., Imanalieva, C., Kudzyte, J., Quah, B. S., Teh, K. H., Baeza-Bacab, M., Barragan-Meijueiro, M., Del-Rio-Navarro, B. E., Garcia-Almaraz, R., Gonzalez-Diaz, S. N., Linares-Zapien, F. J., Merida-Palacio, J. V., Ramirez-Chanona, N., Romero-Tapia, S., Romieu, I., Bouayad, Z., MacKay, R., Moyes, C., Pattemore, P., Onadeko, B. O., Cukier, G., Chiarella, P., Cua-Lim, F., Breborowicz, A., Lis, G., Camara, R., Chiera, M. L., Lopes dos Santos, J. M., Nunes, C., Pinto, J. Rosado, Vlaski, E., Fuimaono, P., Pisi, V., Goh, D. Y., Zar, H. J., Lee, H. B., Blanco-Quiros, A., Busquets, R. M., Carvajal-Uruena, I., Garcia-Hernandez, G., Gonzalez Diaz, C., Lopez-Silvarrey, A., Morales-Suarez-Varela, M., Perez-Yarza, E. G., Musa, O. A., Al-Rawas, O., Mohammad, S., Mohammad, Y., Tabbah, K., Huang, J. L., Kao, C. C., Trakultivakorn, M., Vichyanond, P., Iosefa, T., Burr, M., Holgado, D., Lapides, M. C., Windom, H. H., Aldrey, O., Sole, D., Sears, M., Aguirre, V., Barba, S., Shah, J., Baratawidjaja, K., Nishima, S., de Bruyne, J., Tuuau-Potoi, N., Lai, C. K., Lee, B. W., El Sony, A., Anderson, R., ISAAC Phase Three Study Grp, ISAAC Int Data Ctr, ISAAC Principal Investigators, and ISAAC Natl Coordinators Not

Subjects
Human medicine
Abstract

Background: Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) measured the global prevalence of symptoms of asthma in children. We undertook comprehensive analyses addressing risk factors for asthma symptoms in combination, at both the individual and the school level, to explore the potential role of reverse causation due to selective avoidance or confounding by indication. Objective: To explore the role of reverse causation in risk factors of asthma symptoms. Methods: We compared two sets of multilevel logistic regression analyses, using (a) individual level exposure data and (b) school level average exposure (ie prevalence), in two different age groups. In individual level analyses, reverse causation is a possible concern if individual level exposure statuses were changed as a result of asthma symptoms or diagnosis. School level analyses may suffer from ecologic confounding, but reverse causation is less of a concern because individual changes in exposure status as a result of asthma symptoms would only have a small effect on overall school exposure levels. Results: There were 131 924 children aged 6-7 years (2428 schools, 25 countries) with complete exposure, outcome and confounder data. The strongest associations in individual level analyses (fully adjusted) were for current paracetamol use (odds ratio = 2.06; 95% confidence interval 1.97-2.16), early life antibiotic use (1.65; 1.58-1.73) and open fire cooking (1.44; 1.26-1.65). In school level analyses, these risk factors again showed increased risks. There were 238 586 adolescents aged 13-14 years (2072 schools, 42 countries) with complete exposure, outcome and confounder data. The strongest associations in individual level analyses (fully adjusted) were for current paracetamol use (1.80; 1.75-1.86), cooking on an open fire (1.32; 1.22-1.43) and maternal tobacco use (1.23; 1.18-1.27). In school level analyses, these risk factors again showed increased risks. Conclusions & clinical relevance: These analyses strengthen the potentially causal interpretation of previously reported individual level findings, by providing evidence against reverse causation.

Published
2019

44. Can environment or allergy explain international variation in prevalence of wheeze in childhood?

Author

Weinmayr, G., Jaensch, A., Ruelius, A. -K., Forastiere, F., Strachan, D. P., Weiland, S. K., Buchele, G., Dentler, C., Rzehak, P., Priftanji, A., Shkurti, A., Simenati, J., Grabocka, E., Shyti, K., Agolli, S., Gurakuqi, A., Stein, R. T., de Pereira, M. U., Jones, M. H., Pitrez, P. M., Cooper, P. J., Chico, M., Chen, Y. Z., Zhong, N. S., Lai, C. K. W., Wong, G. W. K., Riikjarv, M. -A., Annus, T., Annesi-Maesano, I., Gotua, M., Rukhadze, M., Abramidze, T., Kvachadze, I., Karsanidze, L., Kiladze, M., Dolidze, N., Leupold, W., Keil, U., von Mutius, E., Arthur, P., Addo-Yobo, E., Gratziou, C., Priftis, K., Papadopoulou, A., Katsardis, C., Tsanakas, J., Hatziagorou, E., Kirvassilis, F., Clausen, M., Shah, J. R., Mathur, R. S., Khubchandani, R. P., Mantri, S., Di Domenicantonio, R., De Sario, M., Sammarro, S., Pistelli, R., Serra, M. G., Corbo, G., Perucci, C. A., Svabe, V., Sebre, D., Casno, G., Novikova, I., Bagrade, L., Brunekreef, B., Schram, D., Doekes, G., Jansen-van Vliet, P. H. N., Janssen, N. A. H., Aarts, F. J. H., de Meer, G., Crane, J., Wickens, K., Barry, D., Nystad, W., Bolle, R., Lund, E., Batlles Garrido, J., Rubi Ruiz, T., Bonillo Perales, A., Gonzalez Jimenez, Y., Aguirre Rodriguez, J., Momblan deCabo, J., Losilla Maldonado, A., Daza Torres, M., Garcia-Marcos, L., Martinez Torres, A., Guillen Perez, J. J., Pinana Lopez, A., Castejon Robles, S., Garcia Hernandez, G., Martinez Gimeno, A., Moro Rodriguez, A. L., Luna Paredes, C., Gonzalez Gil, I., Morales Suarez-Varela, M. M., Llopis Gonzalez, A., Escribano Montaner, A., Tallon Guerola, M., Braback, L., Kjellman, M., Nilsson, L., Mai, X. -M., Sandin, A., Saraclar, Y., Kuyucu, S., Tuncer, A., Sackesen, C., Sumbuloglu, V., Geyik, P., Kocabas, C., Kaur, B., El-Sharif, N., Nemery, B., Barghuthy, F., Abu Huij, S., Qlebo, M., van Hage, M., Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Flohr, C., Williams, H., Asher, I., Ellwood, P., Stewart, A., Mitchell, E., Pearce, N., Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Foliaki, S., Mallol, J., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Robertson, C., Pistelli R. (ORCID:0000-0003-3776-2482), Corbo G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), Williams H., Weinmayr, G., Jaensch, A., Ruelius, A. -K., Forastiere, F., Strachan, D. P., Weiland, S. K., Buchele, G., Dentler, C., Rzehak, P., Priftanji, A., Shkurti, A., Simenati, J., Grabocka, E., Shyti, K., Agolli, S., Gurakuqi, A., Stein, R. T., de Pereira, M. U., Jones, M. H., Pitrez, P. M., Cooper, P. J., Chico, M., Chen, Y. Z., Zhong, N. S., Lai, C. K. W., Wong, G. W. K., Riikjarv, M. -A., Annus, T., Annesi-Maesano, I., Gotua, M., Rukhadze, M., Abramidze, T., Kvachadze, I., Karsanidze, L., Kiladze, M., Dolidze, N., Leupold, W., Keil, U., von Mutius, E., Arthur, P., Addo-Yobo, E., Gratziou, C., Priftis, K., Papadopoulou, A., Katsardis, C., Tsanakas, J., Hatziagorou, E., Kirvassilis, F., Clausen, M., Shah, J. R., Mathur, R. S., Khubchandani, R. P., Mantri, S., Di Domenicantonio, R., De Sario, M., Sammarro, S., Pistelli, R., Serra, M. G., Corbo, G., Perucci, C. A., Svabe, V., Sebre, D., Casno, G., Novikova, I., Bagrade, L., Brunekreef, B., Schram, D., Doekes, G., Jansen-van Vliet, P. H. N., Janssen, N. A. H., Aarts, F. J. H., de Meer, G., Crane, J., Wickens, K., Barry, D., Nystad, W., Bolle, R., Lund, E., Batlles Garrido, J., Rubi Ruiz, T., Bonillo Perales, A., Gonzalez Jimenez, Y., Aguirre Rodriguez, J., Momblan deCabo, J., Losilla Maldonado, A., Daza Torres, M., Garcia-Marcos, L., Martinez Torres, A., Guillen Perez, J. J., Pinana Lopez, A., Castejon Robles, S., Garcia Hernandez, G., Martinez Gimeno, A., Moro Rodriguez, A. L., Luna Paredes, C., Gonzalez Gil, I., Morales Suarez-Varela, M. M., Llopis Gonzalez, A., Escribano Montaner, A., Tallon Guerola, M., Braback, L., Kjellman, M., Nilsson, L., Mai, X. -M., Sandin, A., Saraclar, Y., Kuyucu, S., Tuncer, A., Sackesen, C., Sumbuloglu, V., Geyik, P., Kocabas, C., Kaur, B., El-Sharif, N., Nemery, B., Barghuthy, F., Abu Huij, S., Qlebo, M., van Hage, M., Ait-Khaled, N., Anderson, H. R., Flohr, C., Williams, H., Asher, I., Ellwood, P., Stewart, A., Mitchell, E., Pearce, N., Beasley, R., Bjorksten, B., Foliaki, S., Mallol, J., Montefort, S., Odhiambo, J., Robertson, C., Pistelli R. (ORCID:0000-0003-3776-2482), Corbo G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8104-4659), and Williams H.

Abstract

Asthma prevalence in children varies substantially around the world, but the contribution of known risk factors to this international variation is uncertain. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Two studied 8–12 year old children in 30 centres worldwide with parent-completed symptom and risk factor questionnaires and aeroallergen skin prick testing. We used multilevel logistic regression modelling to investigate the effect of adjustment for individual and ecological risk factors on the between-centre variation in prevalence of recent wheeze. Adjustment for single individual-level risk factors changed the centre-level variation from a reduction of up to 8.4% (and 8.5% for atopy) to an increase of up to 6.8%. Modelling the 11 most influential environmental factors among all children simultaneously, the centre-level variation changed little overall (2.4% increase). Modelling only factors that decreased the variance, the 6 most influential factors (synthetic and feather quilt, mother’s smoking, heating stoves, dampness and foam pillows) in combination resulted in a 21% reduction in variance. Ecological (centre-level) risk factors generally explained higher proportions of the variation than did individual risk factors. Single environmental factors and aeroallergen sensitisation measured at the individual (child) level did not explain much of the between-centre variation in wheeze prevalence.

Published
2019

50. Siblings, asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema: a worldwide perspective from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

Author

Dp, Strachan, Aït-Khaled N, Foliaki S, Mallol J, Odhiambo J, Neil Pearce, Hc, Williams, and Isaac, The Phase Three Study Group

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Associations of larger families with lower prevalences of hay fever, eczema and objective markers of allergic sensitization have been found fairly consistently in affluent countries, but little is known about these relationships in less affluent countries.\ud \ud METHODS: Questionnaire data for 210,200 children aged 6-7 years from 31 countries, and 337,226 children aged 13-14 years from 52 countries, were collected by Phase Three of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Associations of disease symptoms and labels of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema were analysed by numbers of total, older and younger siblings, using mixed (multi-level) logistic regression models to adjust for individual covariates and at the centre level for region, language and national affluence.\ud \ud RESULTS: In both age groups, inverse trends (P < 0.0001) were observed for reported 'hay fever ever' and 'eczema ever' with increasing numbers of total siblings, and more specifically older siblings. These inverse associations were significantly (P < 0.005) stronger in more affluent countries. In contrast, symptoms of severe asthma and severe eczema were positively associated (P < 0.0001) with total sibship size in both age groups. These associations with disease severity were largely independent of position within the sibship and national GNI per capita.\ud \ud CONCLUSIONS: These global findings on sibship size and childhood asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema suggest at least two distinct trends. Inverse associations with older siblings (observations which prompted the 'hygiene hypothesis' for allergic disease) are mainly a phenomenon of more affluent countries, whereas greater severity of symptoms in larger families is globally more widespread.

Published
2015

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results