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3. Can Large Language Models Aid in Annotating Speech Emotional Data? Uncovering New Frontiers

Author

Latif, Siddique, Usama, Muhammad, Malik, Mohammad Ibrahim, and Schuller, Björn W.

Subjects
Computer Science - Sound, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

Despite recent advancements in speech emotion recognition (SER) models, state-of-the-art deep learning (DL) approaches face the challenge of the limited availability of annotated data. Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionised our understanding of natural language, introducing emergent properties that broaden comprehension in language, speech, and vision. This paper examines the potential of LLMs to annotate abundant speech data, aiming to enhance the state-of-the-art in SER. We evaluate this capability across various settings using publicly available speech emotion classification datasets. Leveraging ChatGPT, we experimentally demonstrate the promising role of LLMs in speech emotion data annotation. Our evaluation encompasses single-shot and few-shots scenarios, revealing performance variability in SER. Notably, we achieve improved results through data augmentation, incorporating ChatGPT-annotated samples into existing datasets. Our work uncovers new frontiers in speech emotion classification, highlighting the increasing significance of LLMs in this field moving forward., Comment: Accepted in IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine

Published
2023

5. Stiffness and Cracking Resistance Evaluation of Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures Incorporated with Waste Glass Aggregates

Author

Malik, Mohammad Iqbal, Mir, Mohammad Shafi, Mohanty, Bijayananda, Akhter, Mehnaza, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Cui, Zhen-Dong, Series Editor, Singh, Dharamveer, editor, Maji, Avijit, editor, Karmarkar, Omkar, editor, Gupta, Monik, editor, Velaga, Nagendra Rao, editor, and Debbarma, Solomon, editor

Published
2024
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6. Advancing Reacting Flow Simulations with Data-Driven Models

Author

Zdybał, Kamila, D'Alessio, Giuseppe, Aversano, Gianmarco, Malik, Mohammad Rafi, Coussement, Axel, Sutherland, James C., and Parente, Alessandro

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, 65D99, 68U99, 62H30, 68T09, 68T30, 76F25
Abstract

The use of machine learning algorithms to predict behaviors of complex systems is booming. However, the key to an effective use of machine learning tools in multi-physics problems, including combustion, is to couple them to physical and computer models. The performance of these tools is enhanced if all the prior knowledge and the physical constraints are embodied. In other words, the scientific method must be adapted to bring machine learning into the picture, and make the best use of the massive amount of data we have produced, thanks to the advances in numerical computing. The present chapter reviews some of the open opportunities for the application of data-driven reduced-order modeling of combustion systems. Examples of feature extraction in turbulent combustion data, empirical low-dimensional manifold (ELDM) identification, classification, regression, and reduced-order modeling are provided., Comment: Chapter 15 in the book 'Data Driven Fluid Mechanics', originating from the lecture series 'Machine Learning in Fluid Mechanics' organized by the von Karman Institute in 2020

Published
2022

10. The impact of cultural differences towards product innovation in smartphone industry : a cross cultural study on consumers from Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom

Author

Malik, Mohammad Tajwar Raees

Subjects
H Gwyddorau Cymdeithasol (Cyffredinol), HM Cymdeithaseg, L Addysg (Cyffredinol)
Abstract

Smartphone penetration is growing across the globe and people from all over the world are increasingly using this device. However, the average replacement cycle length of smartphone is increasing. The consumers are taking longer now to replace their smartphone. This presents the problem for the smartphone corporations to better understand the challenges currently present for consumers regarding adopting new smartphones and how the latest technology is perceived across cultures. Previous literature confirms the link of culture and uptake of technology. However, there are lack of technology acceptance models which takes culture into account and there is scarcity of frameworks which compares European and Middle Eastern culture in context of innovation. The purpose of our study is to explore the impact of culture within smartphone industry by developing a framework which compares adoption behaviour. This study aims to fill this gap by developing and testing a conceptual framework based on Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Reasoned Action, Sheth Model and Hofstede's Cultural Dimension Theory. Researcher attempts to validate the moderating effect of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on behavioural intention to use new smartphone technology. This exploratory study uses interpretivist approach and gathers qualitative data by conducting 28 in depth semi-structured interviews to evaluate the psychological behaviour of the consumers in UK and Saudi Arabia aged 18-34. Our study concluded that both adoption and resistance towards innovation within smartphone usage are driven to a varying extent by Individualism, Uncertainty avoidance, and Power distance dimensions. The research also showed that smartphone users across both cultures believed that there has not been a meaningful innovation within smartphone industry in last 5 years. This study contributes by enlightening Policy makers, Smartphone corporations, and Software developers on factors relevant in adoption of latest smartphone features (Voice Assistants, Digital Payments). It also contributes to body of knowledge by confirming the impact and relevance of culture in technological industry. The study provides an in-depth analysis in the area which is underdeveloped theoretically and encourage future researchers to apply our model in different regions and industries.

Published
2022

11. Islamic Critical Evaluation and Perspective on Fallacy of Argumentum Ad Hominem

Author

Malik, Mohammad Manzoor

Abstract

Critical thinking is of very high importance in our information age. Knowledge of logical fallacies and their detection in discourses is one of the significant end results of it. Islamic and Western critical thinking have many common shared characteristics, yet there are some essential differences between them. These differences are because of the differing understanding and perception of ontology, epistemology, and ethics. This research paper explains the Western stand of critical thinking on Argumentum ad Hominem (Argument Directed at the Person) and then provides its critical evaluation from Islamic perspective. According to the Western critical thinking, knowledge cannot be rejected by attacking the personality of the person who claims it, doing so amounts to the fallacy of Argumentum ad Hominem. However, according to Islamic perspective as it has roots in the original sources of Islam and in its historical scholarly tradition there are some distinctions that are necessary to be made regarding the issue. In brief, knowledge in Islam could be divided into transmitted knowledge (al-ulum al-naqliyah) and rational knowledge (al-ulum al-aqliyah). The fallacy of Argumentum ad Hominem in Islamic tradition is irrelevant to transmitted knowledge (al- ulum al-naqliyah), when historical reports and narrations are rejected because of the unreliability and known vices of their reporter as being liars, untrustworthy, having a sectarian bias, dishonest, etc. The fallacy of Argumentum ad Hominem is relevant to rational knowledge.

Published
2019

12. Theorizing on Role of Education in Developing Social Networking (SN) Ethics

Author

Malik, Mohammad Manzoor

Abstract

Social Networking (SN) gives freedom to socialize, report, create, choose, and share user-generated content and news. SN has become subject of researches in social sciences, however the current status of researches involving education and SN is largely one way serving educational interests and there is negligence of the role of education in developing SN ethics. As a result, SN ethics has not yet developed as a discipline or a field of study in its own right and in spite of many moral issue that have emerged from it. There is an unbreakable relation between SN and ethics. The social media aspect of SN, the socializing character of SN, and human centric nature of SN are difficult to be thought of without having an ethical framework. On the other hand, there is a role for ethics-based psychology in SN and it demands an ethical principle of freedom of speech. Due to complexities of SN ethics, it seems that its basis and foundation should be on social ethics; however, the technological nature and specific moral issues emerging from SN deserve to be addressed. And this in turn calls for responsibility of educational institutions to include SN ethics as part of social ethics.

Published
2019

23. Maintenance and conservation of Dipterocarp diversity in tropical forests

Author

Abdul Malik, Mohammad Nazrin, Freckleton, Robert, and Edwards, David

Subjects
570
Abstract

Many theories and hypotheses have been developed to explain the maintenance of diversity in plant communities, particularly in hyperdiverse tropical forests. Maintenance of the composition and diversity of tropical forests is vital, especially species of high commercial value. I focus on the high value dipterocarp timber species of Malaysia and Borneo as these have been extensive logged owing to increased demands from global timber trade. In this thesis, I explore the drivers of diversity of this group, as well as the determinants of global abundance, conservation and timber value.

Published
2019

24. Specific Object Picking Robotic Arm Using Haar Cascades

Author

Junaid Malik Mohammad, Aditya Mathamsetti, Rohith Surya Teja Varma D., Sidhartha Gandharla, Sohan P., Govindha Rao S., and Mundher Adnan Myasar

Subjects
Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This project shows a robotic arm that can pick up objects. It was made with accuracy and speed in mind for use in factories. The robotic arm is very good at picking up metal nuts. It uses cutting edge technologies, like Haar cascade to find objects and inverse kinematics to figure out angles very accurately, to make its moves more exact and dexterous. A powerful computer vision method called Haar cascade is used to find metal nuts in the robotic arm's working environment. To do this, positive and negative pictures are used to train a Haar cascade classifier, which makes a model that can recognize the unique traits of metal nuts. The object recognition process makes sure that the nuts are located correctly, which lets the robotic arm deal with them in a controlled and precise way. The robotic arm uses inverse kinematics along with Haar cascading to figure out the exact joint angles needed for smooth, controlled movement. Inverse kinematics is very important for figuring out the joint setups that are needed to place the robotic arm's end-effector exactly on top of the metal nuts that have been found. Haar cascading for finding objects and inverse kinematics for accurate angle estimates work together to make sure that the robotic arm can pick up metal nuts in a variety of space arrangements. This combined system is a high-tech way to automatethe picking of specific items in manufacturing and assembly lines. It shows how industrial automation can be used to improve accuracy, efficiency, and flexibility.

Published
2024
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38. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries

Author

Solís Arce, Julio S., Warren, Shana S., Meriggi, Niccolò F., Scacco, Alexandra, McMurry, Nina, Voors, Maarten, Syunyaev, Georgiy, Malik, Amyn Abdul, Aboutajdine, Samya, Adeojo, Opeyemi, Anigo, Deborah, Armand, Alex, Asad, Saher, Atyera, Martin, Augsburg, Britta, Awasthi, Manisha, Ayesiga, Gloria Eden, Bancalari, Antonella, Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, Borisova, Ekaterina, Bosancianu, Constantin Manuel, Cabra García, Magarita Rosa, Cheema, Ali, Collins, Elliott, Cuccaro, Filippo, Farooqi, Ahsan Zia, Fatima, Tatheer, Fracchia, Mattia, Galindo Soria, Mery Len, Guariso, Andrea, Hasanain, Ali, Jaramillo, Sofía, Kallon, Sellu, Kamwesigye, Anthony, Kharel, Arjun, Kreps, Sarah, Levine, Madison, Littman, Rebecca, Malik, Mohammad, Manirabaruta, Gisele, Mfura, Jean Léodomir Habarimana, Momoh, Fatoma, Mucauque, Alberto, Mussa, Imamo, Nsabimana, Jean Aime, Obara, Isaac, Otálora, María Juliana, Ouédraogo, Béchir Wendemi, Pare, Touba Bakary, Platas, Melina R., Polanco, Laura, Qureshi, Javaeria Ashraf, Raheem, Mariam, Ramakrishna, Vasudha, Rendrá, Ismail, Shah, Taimur, Shaked, Sarene Eyla, Shapiro, Jacob N., Svensson, Jakob, Tariq, Ahsan, Tchibozo, Achille Mignondo, Tiwana, Hamid Ali, Trivedi, Bhartendu, Vernot, Corey, Vicente, Pedro C., Weissinger, Laurin B., Zafar, Basit, Zhang, Baobao, Karlan, Dean, Callen, Michael, Teachout, Matthieu, Humphreys, Macartan, Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq, and Omer, Saad B.

Published
2021
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39. Zitterbewegung, internal momentum and spin of the circular travelling wave electromagnetic electron

Author

Asif, Malik Mohammad and Khan, Salman

Subjects
Physics - General Physics
Abstract

The study of this paper demonstrates that electron has Dirac delta like internal momentum (u,p_{{\theta}}), going round in a circle of radius equal to half the reduced Compton wavelength of electron with tangential velocity c. The circular momentum p_{{\theta}} and energy u emanate from circular Dirac delta type rotating monochromatic electromagnetic (EM) wave that itself travels in another circle having radius equal to the reduced Compton wavelength of electron. The phenomenon of Zitterbewegung and the spin of electron are the natural consequences of the model. The spin is associated with the internal circulating momentum of electron in terms of four component spinor, which leads to the Dirac equation linking the EM electron model with quantum mechanical theory. Our model accurately explains the experimental results of electron channelling experiment, [P. Catillon et al., Found.Phys. 38, 659 (2008)], in which the momentum resonance is observed at 161.784MeV/c corresponding to Zitterbewegung frequency of 80.874MeV/c electron beam., Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure

Published
2016
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42. List of contributors

Author

Abdulkarim, Salem, primary, Aftab, Kiran, additional, Ahmad, Ishaq, additional, Ahmad, Junaid, additional, Akhtar, Muhammad Saeed, additional, Akinwande, Deji, additional, Ali, Ghulam, additional, Ali, Saif, additional, Alshemary, Ammar Z., additional, Aman, Yann, additional, Arshad, Muhammad, additional, Asghar, Zeeshan, additional, Ateia, Ebtesam E., additional, Awan, Ahmad Sher, additional, Bajwa, Sadia Zafar, additional, Bilal, Muhammad, additional, Dawood, Asadullah, additional, El-Dek, S.I., additional, Eltem, Rengin, additional, Evis, Zafer, additional, Farghali, A.A., additional, Fatheema, Jameela, additional, Hasnain Nawaz, Mian, additional, Hayat, Akhtar, additional, Hayat, Hunza, additional, Hou, Jianhua, additional, Hussain, Asif, additional, Hussain Khan, Rao F., additional, Idrees, Faryal, additional, Iftikhar, Faiza Jan, additional, Iqbal, Fauzia, additional, Iqbal, M. Zubair, additional, Iqbal, Saman, additional, Jameel, Farwah, additional, Jamil, Nuzhat, additional, Joan, Husnain, additional, Khalid, Sadia, additional, Khan, Waheed S., additional, Khazi, Mahammed Ilyas, additional, Latif, Muhammad, additional, Li, Chuanbo, additional, Li, Jian, additional, Liaqat, Fakhra, additional, Mahmood, Asif, additional, Mahmood, Arshad, additional, Malik, Mohammad Azad, additional, Mohamed, Amira T., additional, Morsy, M., additional, Motameni, Ali, additional, Munawar, Anam, additional, Mushtaq, Saadia, additional, Naeem Ashiq, Muhammad, additional, Nasir, Muhammad, additional, Nasr, Nazia, additional, Nayab, Nafeesa, additional, Naz, Gul, additional, Nisar, Laraib, additional, Rafiq, Amna, additional, Ramzan, Muhammad, additional, Rehman, Asma, additional, Rehman, Sajid Ur, additional, Rehman, Zia Ur, additional, Riaz, Sara, additional, Rizwan, Syed, additional, Sadaqat, Maira, additional, Saeed, Ashir, additional, Sayyad, Muhammad Hassan, additional, Shah, Amir Shehzad, additional, Shah, Matiullah, additional, Tabassum, Hassina, additional, Tahir, Muhammad Bilal, additional, Taj, Ayesha, additional, Tariq, Zeeshan, additional, Tianjie, Qiu, additional, Ullah, Sami, additional, Wang, Xiaozhi, additional, Younis, Sumaira, additional, Zhang, Xiaoming, additional, Zhao, Tingkai, additional, and Zia, Rabisa, additional

Published
2022
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49. Appraisal of Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater Using Statistical Approach in Rural Areas of Quetta, Balochistan

Author

Abida Dost Mohammad, Rida Faisal, and Malik Mohammad Akhtar

Subjects
groundwater, physicochemical parameters, fluoride, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Analytical chemistry, QD71-142
Abstract

Fluoride is a significant parameter of water quality and its consumption less or more than the permissible limits in drinking water is detrimental to human health. Therefore, an analysis of groundwater sources in rural areas of Quetta was carried out. Altogether 32 samples were collected from Borewells and Tubewells from Kuchlak, Mariabad, Hazarganji, and Hanna Valley. Samples were subjected to the examination of physicochemical parameters using standard procedures. All the samples were transparent; pH was in the range of 6.4-11.2, Electrical Conductivity (EC) varied from 342-784 µs/cm, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ranged between 219-502 mg/L Total Hardness (TH) varied from 140-680 mg/L and F- ranged from 0.17-3.2 mg/L. The comparison of estimated values showed that all the samples were exceeding the limits prescribed by WHO. Correlation studies showed that pH and EC were positively correlated with F-. Fluoride showed a strong positive correlation with TDS and a negative correlation with TH. This research study indicates that 75% of groundwater samples had F- concentration greater than the allowable limits of WHO. A reliable monitoring program is needed to manage the drinking water quality and health of the population.

Published
2020
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