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Angélica Freitas, poeta brasileira, possui uma obra poética repetidamente marcada pela questão da condição feminina. Ao observar Um útero é do tamanho de um punho (2012), constata-se um paralelo entre a figura feminina e os animais, na medida em que algumas das mencionadas mulheres apresentam elementos animalescos. A partir dessa observação e dos conceitos aristotélicos de logos e phoné, é possível perceber como se articula uma grande oposição dentro da obra: entre o que pode ser considerado racional, superior, representado por uma voz masculina, paradoxalmente tautológica, e o que é considerado inferior ou irracional, representado pelo elemento feminino, referido como mulher que ladra, é suja e que tem patas.

Acoustic signals function in intrasexual mating competition in a wide variety of species, including humans. The low voice pitch of human males has been proposed to represent an honest signal of formidability. Although voice pitch in men affects perceptions of size and dominance, it is relatively weakly associated with objective measures of formidability such as body size and strength. As a result, some authors have argued that low male voice pitch is not a valid signal of formidability but is deceptive and salient only because it hijacks a tendency to perceive lower frequency sounds as emanating from larger sources. In this paper, we consider theoretical and empirical issues associated with this perceptual exploitation hypothesis and ask whether male voice pitch transmits information about formidability. We utilize mediation models to investigate whether male voice pitch is an honest signal of formidability in data collected from university students in the U.S. (n = 231 male speakers, 565 male raters) and Canada (n = 74 male speakers, 108 female raters, 65 male raters). In both data sets, male voice pitch mediated the relationship between objective (measured by height) and perceived formidability. Collectively, these results indicate that men’s voice pitch transmits information about formidability from signaler to receiver.

The objectives of this study are to elicit perceptions that Chinese users of English have towards a selection of world English varieties; to determine the effects of speaker gender and visual primes (ethnic faces) on perceptions; and also to reveal how these two factors interact with each other. In the present experiment, 278 respondents were exposed to eight world English varieties. Each accent sample had a female and a male voice version. Chinese students of English were exposed to these recordings, with the presence and absence of average ethnic faces as visual stimuli during the experiment, and requested to complete a questionnaire to reflect on their impressions by means of Likert scales. The results showed a preference for inner circle monolingual standards, and a rejection of outer circle Englishes (for the circles of English classification, see Kachru, 2006). Results also showed a positive perception of respondents towards their own Chinese accent. Ethnic faces visual prime and speaker gender factors, as well as their interaction, also proved to have significant influences on the results. Respondents rated accents significantly more positively when accompanied by ethnic faces.

Suara merupakan salah satu ciri yang dimiliki oleh manusia. Salah satu kemampuan manusia untuk melakukan identifikasi terhadap seseorang dengan cara melihat dan mendengar. Melalui kemampuan tersebut seseorang dapat membedakan jenis kelamin dengan mudah, berdasarkan kategori fisik dan suara. Suara yang sebelumnya dapat dikenali dengan mudah oleh manusia, untuk saat ini dapat dikenali pula oleh komputer, yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan suara berdasar jenis kelamin. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah megetahui rata-rata error dari objek data yang sudah di inputkan dengan Algoritme yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Fast Fourier Transform. Hasil dari proses implementasi dari Algoritme Fast Fourier Transform menujukan besar atau tidaknya rata-rata error suara yang dipengaruhi tinggi atau rendahnya amplitudo dari suara yang sedang diuji dan dari hasil yang didapatkan rata-rata error amplitudo suara Perempuan lebih rendah dari pada rata-rata error amplitudo suara Laki-laki. Dari dua sumber suara manusia yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-7 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 132.840, sementara pada hasil uji coba yang dilakukan dengan 3 sumber suara menghasil rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Perempuan 3 dengan hasil rata-rata error 212.976, dan pada empat sumber suara yang digunakan menghasilkan rata-rata error terendah pada cluster ke-3 pada suara Mela dengan hasil rata-rata error 217.462 .

Purpose This research gathered pilot data on the effects of a typical collegiate athletic season on the male coach's voice. Materials and methods Ten male coaches and ten age- and sex-matched controls participated. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed to assess group differences in: 1) written self-reports obtained during one session, 2) acoustic and aerodynamic variables obtained during regular season and during off-season for the coaches and only once for the controls, and 3) auditory-perceptual data provided by three speech-language pathologists using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice during one listening session. Data pertaining to the coaches’ regular season, to the coaches’ off-season, and to the control participants were designated as in-season, off-season, and control, respectively. Results Significant self-reported findings included more phonotraumatic behaviors in the coaches than in the controls and higher in-season than off-season and control vocal demand. The coaches’ history of voice problems was unrelated and the controls’ was related to respiratory illness and addressing a large audience. A significant acoustic finding was lower off-season than control low fundamental frequency. Finally, trained listeners perceived control loudness as more aberrant than off-season loudness and they noted vocal fry twice as many times in in-season and off-season than in control voices. Conclusions This study exposed traces of adverse voice reactions to coaching and confirmed that coaches harbor a job-based proclivity to voice overuse. Self-reported measures appeared to be the least and aerodynamic the most immune to phonatory exertion that pervades daily coaching tasks. Future studies are warranted to further delineate how athletic coaching interferes with voice production.

Management of variability of the cardiac rhythm (VCR) is widely applied as a marker of psycho emotional state in educational institutions. This approach is suitable for testing properties of the pupils for the detection of vocal signals. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of VCR as an objective parameter corresponded with psycho-emotional tension and acoustic perception of the speech in youngsters under sophisticated condition of the competition between vocal signals pronounced by different individuals. Methods. VCR was measured in 44 male and female youngsters 1316 years old with the comparison of identification of competing acoustic signals random sequences of words simultaneously pronounced by male or female voice. VCR analysis provided distinction the prevalence of sympathetic versus parasympathetic tone reflecting high or moderate level of psycho-emotional tension. Results. Identification of target words pronounced by female voice in subjects with prevalence of sympathetic or parasympathetic tone was correct in 96% and 87% respectively. Target words pronounced by the male voice were correctly identified in 88% cases in both groups. It is suggested that in primary schools where women compose majority of teachers, the developing juvenile brain imprints the corresponding acoustic wave band. Under the conditions of psycho-emotional tension these links are realized with maximal effectiveness.

The purpose of this Research-to-Resource article is to provide choral directors a short, practical guide to working with male singers throughout their voice change using research-based strategies. Practical recommendations about vocal range assessment, music selection, and vocal warm-ups are provided.

This paper introduces RyanSpeech, a new speech corpus for research on automated text-to-speech (TTS) systems. Publicly available TTS corpora are often noisy, recorded with multiple speakers, or lack quality male speech data. In order to meet the need for a high quality, publicly available male speech corpus within the field of speech recognition, we have designed and created RyanSpeech which contains textual materials from real-world conversational settings. These materials contain over 10 hours of a professional male voice actor's speech recorded at 44.1 kHz. This corpus's design and pipeline make RyanSpeech ideal for developing TTS systems in real-world applications. To provide a baseline for future research, protocols, and benchmarks, we trained 4 state-of-the-art speech models and a vocoder on RyanSpeech. The results show 3.36 in mean opinion scores (MOS) in our best model. We have made both the corpus and trained models for public use.

Background Many of the Arabic monosyllabic word lists that are currently available in the literature have some limitations and drawbacks. Some of these available lists include word structures that are not consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) such as cluster and disyllabic word structures. Other lists have poor phonetic or phonemic distribution balance and do not represent some phoneme appropriately in each list. Purpose The purpose of the present study is to create and validate eight digitally recorded lists of phonemically balanced CNC words that represent all Arabic phonemes, to be used in the evaluation of word recognition score (WRS) of Jordanian Arabic-speaking adults. These lists should be easily adapted by other Arab countries because of the simplicity of the words, and the balanced inclusion of all the Arabic phonemes. Research Design The present study is a prospective cross-sectional study. Study Sample Thirty-one (23 females, 8 males) normal hearing and healthy young adults (18–29 years old) participated in the present study. All participants were native speakers of Jordanian Arabic and had no history of ear disease or surgery. Lists The authors created all possible combinations of Arabic CNC words, and then created eight phonemically balanced lists with 26 words in each list. Each consonant was presented only once at the beginning of a word and once at the end of a word in each list. The lists were recorded using a Jordanian male voice and the intensity of each word was digitally calibrated. Data Collection and Analysis The pure tone average (PTA) of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz was calculated for each participant, and the WRS was obtained for each intensity level in the range of –10 to 55 dB SL (ref. PTA) in 5 dB steps. Results No significant difference between right and left ear WRS was found at any intensity level. The WRSs from both ears were averaged and used in the repeated measure analysis of variance. Performance-intensity functions for all the lists showed some small but statistically significant differences between lists. However, none of these differences were clinically significant ( Conclusion The present study provides eight lists of recorded and calibrated CNC word lists. The obtained PI functions showed that these lists are suitable for Jordanian Arabic speaking adults. These lists can be easily generalized to other Arab countries after conducting the required follow-up research.