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The exclusion mechanism of the separation of poly(N-vinylformamide) and its derivatives with a cysteamine terminal group in gel permeation chromatography implemented by the suppression of polyelectrolyte swelling and the electroexclusion of macromolecules was established by the transport analytical methods of molecular hydrodynamics (HPLC, velocity sedimentation, and intrinsic viscosity). Based on an analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics and molecular weights of polymer fractions determined by velocity sedimentation, it was found that the molecular characteristics and polydispersity of the water-soluble poly(Nvinylamide)s of aliphatic carboxylic acids and their derivatives can be calculated with the use of the Benoit universal calibration dependence. Keywords: size-exclusion chromatography, velocity sedimentation, polyelectrolytes, poly(N-vinylamide)s, hydrodynamic sizes, intrinsic viscosity, molecular-weight characteristics, The development of the chemistry of biologically active polymers in the recent decades led to the wide use of high-molecular-weight compounds, primarily polyelectrolytes, as blood plasma substitutes [1], the carriers [...]