Search

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review of the literature is to investigate which of the epoxy-based cements and those based on Tricalciumsilicate (MTA, Bioceramic) have the best sealing capacity through the analysis of studies that have provided a survey model in vitro of bacteria leakage., Source: The articles were identified using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, the search was conducted between 8.12.2020 and 31.12.2020 and a last search was conducted on 2.12.2021., Study Selection: 678 records were identified and after removing the duplicates we obtain 481 records, with the first phase of screening and selection of records we reached 204 and with the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria we selected 31 articles, only 9 studies made a direct comparison between the two endodontic cement categories and presented data that could be included in the metaanalysis., Data: The meta-analysis of first outcome shows an odds ratio of 2.70 C.I.(Confidence Interval) [1.54, 4.73], the test for overall effect has a p value = 0.0005 with a heterogeneity index of I 2 of 9%; The second outcome meta-analysis shows an Odds Ratio of 1.50 C.I. (Confidence Interval) [0.92, 2.46] with a p value of 0.10 with an I 2 of 79%., Conclusion: the sealing ability is higher for epoxy resins than for tricalcium silicate-based cements, for observation periods longer than 90 days., Clinical Relevance: The knowledge of the cement that determines the best sealing ability and resistance to microbial leakage, can be of help for the dentist who has to face clinical situations such as endodontic retreatments whose failure is determined by the persistence of bacteria in the endodontic canals., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2021 The Author(s).)

Background: Our study gives a clear result about sealants treatment in preventing dental caries manifestation and reducing its prevalence in children aged 6-11 years old., Aim and Objective: This study aims to compare and evaluate the progress of dental caries in the first and second permanent molars and also to evaluate, within a period of 24 months, the clinical effects of dental sealants, used in the treatment of occlusive cavities, among children 6-11 years old., Materials and Methods: Participants: The overall sample was composed of 120 children, to whom we randomly chose 480 posterior teeth, which were divided into two groups. Intervention: The first group was the control group with 240 untreated teeth, while the second group had an equal number of teeth, which underwent the sealant treatment. The study participants were evaluated within the periods 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The study participants were checked every 6 months. Basic design: This observational, analytical, and descriptive research was designed as a longitudinal study. The study started in January 2019 and ended in January 2020. The study was conducted in five dental clinics in the city of Vlore, Albania., Results: After 24 months of observation, we noticed that the number of dental caries in the untreated group is three times higher than the number of dental caries in the treated group. In the group of teeth treated with sealant, 189 (78.8%) teeth remained unaffected by dental caries. The present study showed that there is a significant correlation between period and caries manifestation ( p < 0.05). It also proved that sealant treatment is an important measure and it is highly significant in the caries reduction ( p = 0.000)., Conclusion: This study proved that sealant treatment is highly successful in reducing dental caries. In the future, it is worthwhile to go further in this research., Clinical Significance: Dental caries is a problem in children aged 6-11 years old and not only. That is why this study recommends that sealants treatment should be used to prevent and reduce the prevalence of dental caries., How to Cite This Article: Canga M, Malagnino G, Malagnino VA, et al. Effectiveness of Sealants Treatment in Permanent Molars: A Longitudinal Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):41-45., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2021; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.)

Propionibacterium are anaerobic/aero-tolerant rod Gram-positive bacteria, and numerous studies are associated with primary and secondary endodontic infections. The data in the literature on the prevalence of Propionibacterium are conflicting, and there are studies that report conflicting data on the prevalence in primary and secondary endodontic infections. This review aims to clarify the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium in endodontic lesions. The present systematic review work was performed on the basis of the Prisma protocol. A search was carried out on the PubMed and Scopus databases with the use of keywords. The research produced 410 records, which, after the elimination of the overlaps and the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, led to a number of 36 included articles divided by the three outcomes. The first outcome concerns prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium in primary and secondary endodontic lesions. The secondary outcome, differences in the prevalence of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium between primary endodontic infections and secondary endodontic infections. The tertiary outcome, differences in the prevalence of Propionibacterium Acnes compared to Propionibacterium propionicum in endodontic infections. The results of the meta-analysis show that the genus Propionibacterium bacteria are more prevalent in secondary endodontic infections and that P. Acnes has a higher prevalence than P. propionicum .

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Mtwo and RaCe rotary instruments in cleaning and shaping root canals curvature., Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 160 simulated canals in resin blocks with an angle curvature of 15°-30°. These 160 simulated canals were divided into two groups, where each group consisted of 80 blocks. In the first group, the canals were prepared using Mtwo rotary system (VDW, Munich, Germany). In the second group, the canals were prepared using RaCe instruments (La Chaux-De-Fonds, Switzerland). The data were recorded using SPSS version 23 software (Microsoft, IL, USA)., Results: The results obtained by using the Mtwo rotary instruments showed that these instruments were able to clean and shape in the right-to-left motion curved canals, at different levels, without any deviation and in perfect symmetry, with a p value = 0.000. The data showed that greater the depth of the root canal, greater the deviations of the RaCe rotary instruments. These deviations occurred in three levels, which are the following: S2 ( p = 0.004), S3 ( p = 0.007), and S4 ( p = 0.009). The Mtwo files can go deeper and create a greater angle in S4 level (21°-28°) compared to RaCe instruments with an angle equal to 19°-24°., Conclusion: The present study noted a clinical significant difference between Mtwo rotary instruments and RaCe rotary files used for the canal preparation and indicated that Mtwo instruments are a better choice for the curved canals., Clinical Significance: There are a large number of procedures and instruments used in the preparation of the root canal. Mtwo and RaCe rotary files were the instruments taken under comparison, in order to determine which of them would perform better.

Background: The pediatric hospital is an environment with a high level of stress for most parents. Parents experience high levels of stress if their children are hospitalized due to the fear for the loss of their child's life., Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate stress factors in parents of hospitalized children., Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from January to July 2019 at the General Pediatrics Department of Fieri Regional Hospital. The study sample was composed of 200 parents, of which 86 (43.3%) were males and 114 (56.7%) were females. The parents chosen as our sample had their children hospitalized for at least 5 days., Results: Our results showed that 80% of the sample was stressed out by waiting at the hospital, whereas 42% of them felt stressed also by their child's oral problems. Parents of hospitalized children (83%) felt stressed about the painful techniques applied to their children. Nearly 65% of them were stressed out by the hospital environment; child's sleep bruxism was considered another stressor by 39% of the sample., Conclusion: This study claims that parents of hospitalized children experience stress from different stressors such as dental visits, waiting for the diagnosis, and sleep bruxism. There are other factors which do not influence parental stress including residence, divorced parents, and hospital conditions., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Journal of Education and Health Promotion.)

Aim: The purpose of this study was to find the correlation between dental caries and teeth loss in relation to gender, age, treatments with different therapies, time period being hospitalized, sugar consumption, smoking, and oral hygiene in mental disordered patients., Objective: Evaluating therapeutic treatments in patients with mental illnesses, focusing on the effects on oral health., Materials and Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study conducted on patients who have been hospitalized from 5 years to 30 years. Patients were observed for 7 months (January 2019-July 2019) in the psychiatric hospital "Ali Mihali", in Vlora, Albania. In our study, 200 patients participated, of which 103 were females (51.5%) and 97 were males (48.5%)., Results: In the present study, we analyzed the oral health of patients within the age class of 30-70 years. We divided them into four age groups: 30-40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61-70 years. According to the ANOVA test, a strongest influence on caries manifestation and missing teeth was noticed during the time the patient was being hospitalized, with p values = 0.000 in both cases. The treatments done with different therapies also had a strong influence on the teeth loss with a p value = 0.001, while in carious teeth the p value was 0.004. This study showed that there is a strong statistically significant correlation between sugar consumption and smoking, in relation to caries manifestation and teeth loss, with p values = 0.000, respectively., Conclusion: These patients are a vulnerable group, if we consider their oral health. The present study proved that the most important reasons for their poor dental health are: bad oral hygiene, smoking, sugar consumption, adverse effects of medications, and the time period that these patients have been hospitalized., Clinical Significance: By knowing the factors that have worsened the oral health of mental disordered patients, we can try to raise the awareness about caries reduction and to avoid teeth loss. How to cite this article: Canga M, Malagnino I, Malagnino G, et al. Evaluating Therapy Treatments in Patients with Mental Disorders in Relation to Oral Health. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(10):1179-1183.

Among the many plants used in traditional medicine we have the plants of the genus Asphodelus , which are present in the Mediterranean area in North Africa and South East Asia, and have been used by indigenous peoples until recently for various pathologies, including: Psoriasis, alopecia areata, acne, burns, nephrolithiasis, toothache, and local inflammation. The scientific literature over the last five years has investigated the various effects of the metabolites extracted from plants of the genus Asphodelus , paying attention to the diuretic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and it also has begun to investigate the antitumor properties on tumor cell lines. Studies have been identified through bibliographic research on electronic databases. A total of 574 records were identified on the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases. After having proceeded to the screening of the articles with the application of the eligibility criteria (all the articles pertaining to the issue Asphodelus ), we arrived at a number of 163 articles, and then after the elimination of overlaps, to 82 articles. There are 11 articles which investigate the possible uses of plants of the genus Asphodelus in oral medicine. In oral medicine, the possible uses investigated by the scientific literature are for the treatment of neoplastic (melanoma and oral cancer), viral (herpetic viruses), and microbial diseases (candida, bacteriosis, leishmaniasis), and in the affection of the skin., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Background: The cost-effectiveness of this study was achieved in the group that was treated every three months with periodic intervals, which had a reduction of caries with 62%. The relative effectiveness of our study is the application of fluoride treatment every 3 months compared with treatments done every 4 and 6 months, respectively., Objective: To evaluate the reduction of caries disease depending on the time period of fluoride gel application. The sample was chosen randomly., Main Hypothesis: The frequency of fluoride gel application every 3 months has positive impacts on reducing dental caries., Basic Design: This is a cross-sectional study with a controlled sample for a period of 24 months. Durashield fluoride fluid (5% sodium fluoride) was used for the treatment of permanent dentition of the 6-10-year-old children., Clinical Setting: This study proves that fuoride application every 3 months significantly reduces caries morbidity., Participants: Our study included 400 children, who were divided into 4 groups, 100 children in each group., Intervention: The first group did not undergo any treatment and it is called the control group. The second group was under fluoride treatment every 4 months. The third group was treated with fluoride every 3 months, and the fourth group was treated every 6 months., Results: The data collected from the control group showed that there is an increase in 24% of the caries incidence. In the group treated with fluoride every 4 months, caries incidence decreased to 30%. The group treated every 3 months with periodic intervals had a reduction of caries with 62%, while the group treated every 6 months had a reduction of 40%. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, the fluoridation application every 3 months is significant for p = 0.000., Conclusion: The best results were achieved in the treatment with fluoride in a 3-month periodic interval., How to Cite This Article: Canga M, Malagnino VA et al. Effectiveness of Fluoridation Depending on Periodicity in 6-10-year-old Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(4):280-282., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2019; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.)

Preoperative serum neopterin, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and CA125 levels were assayed in 47 patients with ovarian cancer and 113 patients with benign ovarian disease undergoing laparotomy. The cutoff limits of the antigens for the preoperative evaluation of ovarian cancer were fixed according to the Youden plot, using the patients with benign ovarian disease as controls. These limits were 7.9 nmole/liter for neopterin, 71 U/ml for sIL-2R, and 83 U/ml for CA125. The preoperative mean values of serum neopterin and sIL-2R were significantly higher in patients with ovarian cancer than in those with benign ovarian disease. Therefore these tests would seem to be useful in distinguishing benign from malignant ovarian masses. Serum levels of neopterin, sIL-2R, and CA125 above the cutoff limits were detected in 66.0, 78.7, and 76.6% of patients with ovarian cancer. Patients with advanced-stage disease (FIGO > or = III) were significantly more likely to have a higher percentage of elevated values of sIL-2R and CA125, but not neopterin, compared to patients with early-stage disease. However, neopterin was the antigen most often raised in early disease. As for advanced ovarian cancer, preoperative serum sIL-2R levels were higher in patients who developed progressive disease than in those who were progression-free (P = 0.02) after a median follow-up time of 18 months. Furthermore, a trend to higher preoperative serum neopterin values was found in the former patients (P = 0.08). Tumor progression occurred in 3 of 8 (37.5%) patients with low serum preoperative neopterin (< 7.9 nmole/liter) and in 16 of 19 (84.2%) patients with elevated serum neopterin, respectively (P = 0.027). Multivariate analysis on a larger number of patients followed for a longer time is warranted to elucidate the prognostic relevance of these immunologic markers in ovarian cancer. Changes in serum neopterin, sIL-2R, and CA125 levels correlated with the disease course in 50.0, 54.8, and 92.9% of 42 instances, respectively. Moreover, serum CA125 was more sensitive than the other two antigens in the early detection of tumor progression. Therefore serial neopterin and sIL-2R measurements seem to be of limited value in monitoring the disease course in patients with ovarian cancer.

Immunohistochemical techniques for the detection of oncogene products and the assessment of cell kinetics can represent promising investigational tools in clinical oncology. In the present paper the immunohistochemical expression of p185, p21 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was retrospectively assessed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples taken from 28 primary ovarian carcinomas at first surgery. Positive immunostaining for p185 was found in 0% of 6 Stage I and 23% of 22 Stage III-IV tumors. Positive immunostaining for p21 was observed in 0% of early and 41% of advanced carcinomas; this immunohistochemical finding correlated significantly with histologic grade (G3 vs G1-2 = 47% vs 9%, p = 0.042). Elevated PCNA immunoreactivity was detected in 33% of Stage I and 50% of Stage III-IV tumors. Among the 20 patients with advanced carcinoma who underwent cisplatin or carboplatin based chemotherapy followed by second-look laparotomy, the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 36% for patients with low PCNA expression and 0% for those with elevated PCNA expression. A tendency towards a higher pCR rate was also found for patients with negative immunostaining for p185 or for p21. The prognostic value of the immunohistochemical detection of p185, p21, and PCNA in ovarian carcinoma deserves to be further investigated.