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Introduction: Good oral health during pregnancy and infancy is important for the overall health and well-being of mother and child, respectively., Aim: To assess the knowledge and attitude of expectant mothers regarding the effect of their oral health and its influence on infant oral health., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among expectant mothers. They were randomly selected from those reporting to the Department of Gynecology in Government and Private Hospitals in Durg, Chhattisgarh. A total of 124 closed-ended, self-administered questionnaire were filled by participants, which had 21 items addressing the knowledge and attitude of expectant mothers regarding their oral health and oral hygiene practices; the transmission of bacteria from mother to child; cariogenic food consumption; effect of periodontal disease on infant's teeth and safe trimester for dental treatment. Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis., Results: Significant differences were found in expectant mothers' knowledge and attitude based on their age ( p = 0.02, 0.07), education level ( p = 0.001, 0.95), trimester ( p = 0.83, 0.43), and number of pregnancies ( p = 0.05, 0.10), respectively., Conclusion: The knowledge related to the oral health of pregnant women during pregnancy was found to be low and needs to be improved., Clinical Significance: Execution of educational programs along with other healthcare professionals to motivate expectant mothers., How to Cite This Article: Pattanshetti K, Kothari HP, Tiwari J, et al. Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Expectant Mothers Regarding Effect of Their Oral Health and Its Influence on the Infant Oral Health. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5):471-475., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2020; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.)

Introduction: Cervical laminectomy is a very well-known posterior decompressive procedure for cervical compressive myelopathy (CCM). Our objective is to evaluate the functional effect of posterior decompressive laminectomy for poor grade CCM., Methods: This study was an observational retrospective study carried out on patients with poor-grade CCM who underwent decompressive laminectomy from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients with Nurick Grades 4 and 5 (walking with support or bedbound) were included in the study. Clinical data and radiological information were collected from medical records, and objective scales were applied to compare the surgical outcome between preoperative score and postoperative score., Results: A total of 69 patients who underwent decompressive laminectomy for poor grade CCM were included. The mean age was 54.9 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 5.3:1. Ossified posterior longitudinal ligament comprised 52.6% cases. The follow-up data of at least 6 months' duration after surgery was available for 57 (82.6%) cases. On comparing with preoperative Nurick grade at follow-up, 40 of the 57 patients (70.2%) were found to have improvement following surgery by at least one grade. The remaining 17 (29.8%) had either remained the same or had deteriorated further. The mean preoperative modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score was 8.4 ± 2.8, and the mean follow-up score was 11.8±0.3 ( P = 0.0001). On multivariate analysis, the number of levels of laminectomy, postoperative deterioration, and anesthesia grade were predictors of outcome., Conclusion: Decompressive laminectomy for poor grade myelopathy is effective in improving functional outcome., Competing Interests: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, that the requirements for authorship as stated earlier in this document have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest work.

Introduction: Aggressive periodontitis comprises a group of rare, severe, rapidly progressive form of periodontitis. Conventional treatment includes mechanical debridement augmented with adjunctive antimicrobial therapy. Development of antibiotic resistance has led to use of lasers. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel non-invasive therapeutic approach with increased site and pathogen specificity. This study compares PDT and Lasers as an adjunct to conventional Scaling in the treatment of patients with aggressive periodontitis., Materials and Methods: Fifteen untreated aggressive periodo-ntitis patients were randomly assigned in a split mouth design for one of the following treatment modalities: 1) SRP alone; (2) SRP + Diode Laser irradiation with 810 nm at 1W, continuous mode for 30 sec per tooth; (3) SRP + PDT on "0" day; (4) SRP + PDT on "0", 7(th) and 21(st) day. The clinical parameters included PI, BOP, PPD, CAL recorded at the baseline & 3(rd) month. The site with greatest probing pocket depth (PPD) was selected from each quadrant for bacterial sampling and cultured for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis & Prevotella intermedia., Results: Statistically significant reduction in clinical & microbial parameters was seen. Sites 4 showed a greater reduction compared to other groups., Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy is a valuable treatment modality adjunctive to conventional scaling and root planing.

Aims and Objectives: Harnessing Mother Nature's bountiful remedies for rejuvenation has been in vogue since time immemorial. Turmeric contains the polyphenol Curcumin in its rhizome. It produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with visible light irradiation as photodynamic therapy (PDT) - which validates its use in the treatment of periodontitis. This study compares Curcumin and Curcumin PDT as an adjunct to conventional Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) with SRP alone in the treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis., Materials and Methods: Sixty sites in fifteen untreated chronic periodontitis patients were randomly assigned in a split mouth design for one of the treatment modalities; 1) Scaling and root planing (SRP) alone, (2) SRP + Curcumin application for 5 min, (3) SRP + Curcumin application for 5 min + irradiation with blue light emitting diode of wavelength 470 nm for 5 min. (Curcumin PDT) on 0 day.(4) SRP + Curcumin PDT on "0", 7(th) and 21(st) day. The clinical parameters included plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) measured by sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) recorded at the baseline & 3(rd) month. The site with greatest probing pocket depth (PPD) was selected from each quadrant for bacterial sampling and culturing for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and other black pigment producing microorganisms (BPB) like Porphyromonas gingivalis & Prevotella intermedia., Conclusion: The present study showed that Curcumin photodynamic therapy is a valuable treatment modality adjunctive to conventional scaling and root planing over Curcumin application. Moreover, multiple adjunctive applications of photodynamic therapy are more beneficial than single application in reducing clinical & microbiological parameters.

Background: The background of the following study is to measure the subjective intensity of pain using the verbal rating scale (VRS) during supragingival scaling in relation to mandibular anteriors, with an ultrasonic scaler, with 2 different inserts (Slimline and Focus spray)- split mouth study., Materials and Methods: A total of 30 subjects with a combination of 17 males and 13 females with the chronic generalized gingivitis with a minimum calculus score of 1 (CSSI - Ennever J 1961) who reported to Department of Periodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore were chosen for the study. Ultrasonic magnetostrictive scaler unit CAVITRON BOBCAT PRO(®)- (DENTSPLY) with maximum power setting at 130A and 25kHZ frequency with 2 different inserts i.e., Slim line insert and Focus spray (DENTSPLY) were used for supragingival scaling in the study. A VRS was used to assess the subjective intensity of pain., Results: There was no statistically significant difference in pain perception when the scores were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test. VRS rating scores with slimline inserts showed a pain intensity of 2 in 43.3%, 1 in 53.3% and 0 in 3.3%, whereas the focus spray insert showed a pain intensity of 1 in 23.3% and 0 in 76.7%. Statistical analysis showed a P = 0.251 and a z - 1.147(a)., Conclusions: The use of both Slim line insert and Focus spray inserts when used at same settings of the scaling unit, showed no statistical significant difference in the intensity of pain perceived and it showed no correlation between patient acceptance and their pain perception.

Background and Aim: Monitoring is the global method of observation and data recording in relation to body organ and system function that afford constant information to ensure continuous evalutation of the patient's physical condition. Basic monitoring provides essential information for assessing the vital signs, both circulatory and respiratory, and fundamentally comprises the control of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) and rhythm. Pulse oxymetry is used to record HR and oxygen saturation. The objective of the study was to assess and compare hemodynamic changes by monitoring oxygen saturation level changes during periodontal surgical and nonsurgical therapy., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 30 chronic periodontitis patients. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A consisted of 15 patients undergoing surgical periodontal therapy, Group B consisted of 15 patients undergoing nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The hemodynamic changes were evaluated by monitoring HR and oxygen saturation level using pulse oxymeter (SaO₂). HR and SaO₂ were monitored continuously and registered pre-operatively, i.e. 10 minutes before the procedure, intra-operatively and postoperatively, i.e. 10 minutes after the procedure. One-way analysis of variance test (ANOVA) was performed for data analysis., Results: Both the groups showed a slight fall in oxygen saturation levels intraoperatively, but within the normal range. More decrease in oxygen saturation levels was observed in nonsurgical periodontal therapy as compared to surgical periodontal therapy at intraoperative levels. The differences in the values were statistically significant. There was no statistical difference seen in the postoperative and preoperative values., Conclusion: Most of the hemodynamic changes induced during the periodontal therapy were within normal limits, taking into consideration the anxiety and stress produced by the surgical intervention. The hemodynamic change was more in nonsurgical as compared to surgical periodontal therapy.

Background and Objectives: In recent years, ultrasonics has gained prime importance and is considered a valuable tool in the dentist's armamentarium. Studies have confirmed that an aerosolized bacterial contamination is produced during the use of ultrasonic scalers., Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of preprocedural mouthrinsing using a bis-biguanide (chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%) and high volume evacuator attachment alone and in combination in reducing the amount of viable aerosols produced during ultrasonic scaling procedure., Materials and Methods: A total 90 subjects were assigned to group I (who rinsed with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate prior to scaling), group II (high volume evacuator attachment was used during ultrasonic scaling) and group III (who rinsed with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate prior to scaling and in whom high volume evacuator attachment was used during ultrasonic scaling). Control group consisted of subject's whose mouth was scaled using a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler without preprocedural rinsing or high volume suction. Aerosol samples were collected using blood agar plates. The blood agar plates containing the aerosol sample were taken to the microbiology department as soon as the sampling was over and were subjected to aerobic culturing., Results: The values obtained showed that all the three groups were effective in reducing the mean colony forming units (CFUs)., Conclusion: The results of this study showed that preprocedural rinse and high volume suction were effective when used alone as well as together in reducing the microbial load of the aerosols produced during ultrasonic scaling. There was a significant reduction in the number of CFUs in aerosol samples obtained.