886 results on '"Malacarne P"'
Search Results
2. Genotoxicity Induced by Dental Implants In Vitro and In Vivo? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
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Malacarne, Ingra Tais, Takeshita, Wilton Mitsunari, Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz, and Ribeiro, Daniel Araki
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- 2024
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3. Corrosion of a Nickel-Based Alumina-Forming Alloy in Molten NaCl–MgCl2 at 600 °C For the Development of a Molten Salt Nuclear Reactor
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Pellicot, Louis, Gruet, Nathalie, Serp, Jérôme, Malacarne, Romain, Bosonnet, Sophie, Touze, Gaëtan, Grzonka, Justyna, and Martinelli, Laure
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- 2024
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4. Material Characterisation of Deflated Structured Fabrics
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Rustighi, E., Gardonio, P., Baldini, S., Malacarne, C., and Perini, M.
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- 2024
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5. Unconventional approaches for chiral resolution
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Malacarne, Filippo, Grecchi, Sara, Niamlaem, Malinee, Bonczak, Bartlomiej, Salinas, Gerardo, and Arnaboldi, Serena
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- 2024
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6. Brain and spine malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders in a cohort of children with CAKUT
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Boeri, Silvia, Bodria, Monica, Ammendola, Rosa Maria, Giacomini, Thea, Tortora, Domenico, Nobili, Lino, Malacarne, Michela, Rossi, Andrea, Verrina, Enrico, Piaggio, Giorgio, Mancardi, Maria Margherita, and Severino, Mariasavina
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- 2024
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7. Explainable Time Series Anomaly Detection using Masked Latent Generative Modeling
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Lee, Daesoo, Malacarne, Sara, and Aune, Erlend
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
We present a novel time series anomaly detection method that achieves excellent detection accuracy while offering a superior level of explainability. Our proposed method, TimeVQVAE-AD, leverages masked generative modeling adapted from the cutting-edge time series generation method known as TimeVQVAE. The prior model is trained on the discrete latent space of a time-frequency domain. Notably, the dimensional semantics of the time-frequency domain are preserved in the latent space, enabling us to compute anomaly scores across different frequency bands, which provides a better insight into the detected anomalies. Additionally, the generative nature of the prior model allows for sampling likely normal states for detected anomalies, enhancing the explainability of the detected anomalies through counterfactuals. Our experimental evaluation on the UCR Time Series Anomaly archive demonstrates that TimeVQVAE-AD significantly surpasses the existing methods in terms of detection accuracy and explainability. We provide our implementation on GitHub: https://github.com/ML4ITS/TimeVQVAE-AnomalyDetection., Comment: Published in Pattern Recognition
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- 2023
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8. The cost of genetic diagnosis of suspected hereditary pediatric cataracts with whole-exome sequencing from a middle-income country perspective: a mixed costing analysis
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Neves, Luiza M., Pinto, Márcia, Zin, Olivia A., Cunha, Daniela P., Agonigi, Bruna N. S., Motta, Fabiana L., Gomes, Leonardo H. F., Horovitz, Dafne D. G., Almeida, Jr., Daltro C., Malacarne, Jocieli, Guida, Leticia, Braga, Andressa, Carvalho, Adriana Bastos, Pereira, Eduardo, Rodrigues, Ana Paula S., Sallum, Juliana M. F., Zin, Andrea A., and Vasconcelos, Zilton F. M.
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- 2024
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9. Masked Generative Modeling with Enhanced Sampling Scheme
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Lee, Daesoo, Aune, Erlend, and Malacarne, Sara
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
This paper presents a novel sampling scheme for masked non-autoregressive generative modeling. We identify the limitations of TimeVQVAE, MaskGIT, and Token-Critic in their sampling processes, and propose Enhanced Sampling Scheme (ESS) to overcome these limitations. ESS explicitly ensures both sample diversity and fidelity, and consists of three stages: Naive Iterative Decoding, Critical Reverse Sampling, and Critical Resampling. ESS starts by sampling a token set using the naive iterative decoding as proposed in MaskGIT, ensuring sample diversity. Then, the token set undergoes the critical reverse sampling, masking tokens leading to unrealistic samples. After that, critical resampling reconstructs masked tokens until the final sampling step is reached to ensure high fidelity. Critical resampling uses confidence scores obtained from a self-Token-Critic to better measure the realism of sampled tokens, while critical reverse sampling uses the structure of the quantized latent vector space to discover unrealistic sample paths. We demonstrate significant performance gains of ESS in both unconditional sampling and class-conditional sampling using all the 128 datasets in the UCR Time Series archive.
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- 2023
10. Home and wild food procurement were associated with improved food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in two rural US states
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Niles, Meredith T., McCarthy, Ashley C., Malacarne, Jonathan, Bliss, Sam, Belarmino, Emily H., Laurent, Jennifer, Merrill, Scott C., Nowak, Sarah A., and Schattman, Rachel E.
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- 2024
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11. Body composition assessment in a large cohort of Olympic athletes with different training loads: possible reference values for fat mass and fat-free mass domains
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Giovanelli, Luca, Biganzoli, Giacomo, Spataro, Antonio, Malacarne, Mara, Bernardelli, Giuseppina, Spada, Raffaella, Pagani, Massimo, Biganzoli, Elia, and Lucini, Daniela
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- 2024
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12. Influence of land use on the structure and functional diversity of aquatic insects in neotropical streams
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Malacarne, Tássia J., Machado, Nilmara R., and Moretto, Yara
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- 2024
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13. Vector Quantized Time Series Generation with a Bidirectional Prior Model
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Lee, Daesoo, Malacarne, Sara, and Aune, Erlend
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
Time series generation (TSG) studies have mainly focused on the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) combined with recurrent neural network (RNN) variants. However, the fundamental limitations and challenges of training GANs still remain. In addition, the RNN-family typically has difficulties with temporal consistency between distant timesteps. Motivated by the successes in the image generation (IMG) domain, we propose TimeVQVAE, the first work, to our knowledge, that uses vector quantization (VQ) techniques to address the TSG problem. Moreover, the priors of the discrete latent spaces are learned with bidirectional transformer models that can better capture global temporal consistency. We also propose VQ modeling in a time-frequency domain, separated into low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF). This allows us to retain important characteristics of the time series and, in turn, generate new synthetic signals that are of better quality, with sharper changes in modularity, than its competing TSG methods. Our experimental evaluation is conducted on all datasets from the UCR archive, using well-established metrics in the IMG literature, such as Fr\'echet inception distance and inception scores. Our implementation on GitHub: \url{https://github.com/ML4ITS/TimeVQVAE}., Comment: accepted at AISTATS 2023
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- 2023
14. Insights into the cell-wall dynamics in grapevine berries during ripening and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses
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Malacarne, Giulia, Lagreze, Jorge, Rojas San Martin, Barbara, Malnoy, Mickael, Moretto, Marco, Moser, Claudio, and Dalla Costa, Lorenza
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- 2024
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15. Use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in the pris de mousse of Lambrusco. Microbial evolution through alcoholic fermentation and effect on wine volatile profile
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Raffaele, Mauro Paolini, Mario Malacarne, Tomas Roman, Vincenzo Naselli, Nicola Francesca, and Roberto Larcher
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Lambrusco sorbara ,Lambrusco Marani ,Champenoise methods ,sparkling wine ,Hanseniaspora guilliermondii ,Torulaspora delbrueckii ,Agriculture ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Lambrusco is a sparkling wine largely produced in the north of Italy, especially in the Emilia region. The possible application of two non-Saccharomyces yeasts in the secondary bottle fermentation (Champenoise method) was tested in combination with a commercial strain of S. cerevisiae to obtain wines having a distinctive volatile profile. Our results demonstrated that the gradual increase of ethanol content in the pied de cuve ensured the adaptation of Hanseniaspora guilliermondii and Torulaspora delbrueckii at the bottle fermentation, with survival comparable with that of S. cerevisiae, in the order of 6 log units. The simultaneous presence of two yeast species reduced the maximum fermentation rate, without any relevant alteration in the main oenological parameters of resultant wines. GC MS-MS analysis of the volatile profile of wines (46 compounds) highlighted differences in wine made from a pure culture of S. cerevisiae from wines obtained by mixed yeasts. Acetates, esters, and fatty acids are the classes of volatile compounds mostly affected by using different yeasts in the bottle fermentation of Lambrusco wines. This work provided for the first time information about the volatile profile of Lambrusco and suggests an innovative application of non-Saccharomyces yeast in the production of sparkling wines by champenoise methods.
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- 2024
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16. Towards a comprehensive characterization of spatio-temporal dependence of light-induced electromagnetic forces in dielectric liquids
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N. G. C. Astrath, E. V. Bergmann, B. Anghinoni, G. A. S. Flizikowski, A. Novatski, C. Jacinto, T. Požar, M. Kalin, L. C. Malacarne, and M. L. Baesso
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract The interaction of localized light with matter generates optical electrostriction within dielectric fluids, leading to a discernible change in the refractive index of the medium according to the excitation’s light profile. This optical force holds critical significance in optical manipulation and plays a fundamental role in numerous photonic applications. In this study, we demonstrate the applicability of the pump-probe, photo-induced lensing (PIL) method to investigate optical electrostriction in various dielectric liquids. Notably, the thermal and nonlinear effects are observed to be temporally decoupled from the electrostriction effects, facilitating isolated observation of the latter. Our findings provide a comprehensive explanation of optical forces in the context of the recently introduced microscopic Ampère electromagnetic formalism, which is grounded in the dipolar approximation of electromagnetic sources within matter and characterizes electrostriction as an electromagnetic-induced stress within the medium. Here, the optical force density is re-obtained through a new Lagrangian approach.
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- 2024
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17. Home and wild food procurement were associated with improved food security during the COVID-19 pandemic in two rural US states
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Meredith T. Niles, Ashley C. McCarthy, Jonathan Malacarne, Sam Bliss, Emily H. Belarmino, Jennifer Laurent, Scott C. Merrill, Sarah A. Nowak, and Rachel E. Schattman
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Both food insecurity and home and wild food procurement (HWFP), including gardening, increased in many countries during the COVID-19 pandemic; yet little evidence has demonstrated what impact HWFP had on food security. Using data from a representative sample of nearly 1000 residents in the two most rural US states (Vermont and Maine) conducted via an online survey in Spring/Summer 2021, as well as matching techniques, we compare food security outcomes among households who did and did not participate in HWFP in the first year of the pandemic. Nearly 60% of respondents engaged in HWFP in some way during the first year of the pandemic, with food insecure households more likely to do HWFP. Furthermore, HWFP early in the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with improved food security in the 9–12 months later, though these improvements were primarily associated with newly, not chronically, food insecure households. Newly and chronically food insecure households were more likely to want to continue these activities in the future, but also exhibited greater barriers to land access and costs associated with these activities. These results suggest that HWFP may provide food security improvements for certain households that utilize them, especially during crisis situations. Future research about HWFP should continue to explore multiple HWFP strategies, their barriers, and their potentially myriad relationships to food security, diet, and health outcomes, especially with longitudinal data.
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- 2024
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18. Methodology for clinical research
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KIANI, AYSHA KARIM, NAUREEN, ZAKIRA, PHEBY, DEREK, HENEHAN, GARY, BROWN, RICHARD, SIEVING, PAUL, SYKORA, PETER, MARKS, ROBERT, FALSINI, BENEDETTO, CAPODICASA, NATALE, MIERTUS, STANISLAV, LORUSSO, LORENZO, DONDOSSOLA, DANIELE, TARTAGLIA, GIANLUCA MARTINO, ERGOREN, MAHMUT CERKEZ, DUNDAR, MUNIS, MICHELINI, SANDRO, MALACARNE, DANIELE, BONETTI, GABRIELE, DONATO, KEVIN, MEDORI, MARIA CHIARA, BECCARI, TOMMASO, SAMAJA, MICHELE, CONNELLY, STEPHEN THADDEUS, MARTIN, DONALD, MORRESI, ASSUNTA, BACU, ARIOLA, HERBST, KAREN L, KAPUSTIN, MYKHAYLO, STUPPIA, LIBORIO, LUMER, LUDOVICA, FARRONATO, GIAMPIETRO, BERTELLI, MATTEO, Pheby, Derek, Henehan, Gary, Brown, Richard, Sieving, Paul, Sykora, Peter, Marks, Robert, Falsini, Benedetto, Capodicasa, Natale, Miertus, Stanislav, Lorusso, Lorenzo, Tartaglia, Gianluca Martino, Ergoren, Mahmut Cerkez, Dundar, Munis, Michelini, Sandro, Malacarne, Daniele, Beccari, Tommaso, Samaja, Michele, Bertelli, Matteo, Martin, Donald, Morresi, Assunta, Bacu, Ariola, Herbst, Karen L, Kapustin, Mykhaylo, Stuppia, Liborio, Lumer, Ludovica, and Farronato, Giampietro
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Clinical Research ,Health and social care services research ,8.4 Research design and methodologies (health services) ,Generic health relevance ,Humans ,Research Design ,INTERNATIONAL BIOETHICS STUDY GROUP ,Bias ,Clinical research ,Experimental studies ,Observational studies ,Study design ,Microbiology - Abstract
A clinical research requires a systematic approach with diligent planning, execution and sampling in order to obtain reliable and validated results, as well as an understanding of each research methodology is essential for researchers. Indeed, selecting an inappropriate study type, an error that cannot be corrected after the beginning of a study, results in flawed methodology. The results of clinical research studies enhance the repertoire of knowledge regarding a disease pathogenicity, an existing or newly discovered medication, surgical or diagnostic procedure or medical device. Medical research can be divided into primary and secondary research, where primary research involves conducting studies and collecting raw data, which is then analysed and evaluated in secondary research. The successful deployment of clinical research methodology depends upon several factors. These include the type of study, the objectives, the population, study design, methodology/techniques and the sampling and statistical procedures used. Among the different types of clinical studies, we can recognize descriptive or analytical studies, which can be further categorized in observational and experimental. Finally, also pre-clinical studies are of outmost importance, representing the steppingstone of clinical trials. It is therefore important to understand the types of method for clinical research. Thus, this review focused on various aspects of the methodology and describes the crucial steps of the conceptual and executive stages.
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- 2022
19. Ethical considerations regarding animal experimentation
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KIANI, AYSHA KARIM, PHEBY, DEREK, HENEHAN, GARY, BROWN, RICHARD, SIEVING, PAUL, SYKORA, PETER, MARKS, ROBERT, FALSINI, BENEDETTO, CAPODICASA, NATALE, MIERTUS, STANISLAV, LORUSSO, LORENZO, DONDOSSOLA, DANIELE, TARTAGLIA, GIANLUCA MARTINO, ERGOREN, MAHMUT CERKEZ, DUNDAR, MUNIS, MICHELINI, SANDRO, MALACARNE, DANIELE, BONETTI, GABRIELE, DAUTAJ, ASTRIT, DONATO, KEVIN, MEDORI, MARIA CHIARA, BECCARI, TOMMASO, SAMAJA, MICHELE, CONNELLY, STEPHEN THADDEUS, MARTIN, DONALD, MORRESI, ASSUNTA, BACU, ARIOLA, HERBST, KAREN L, KAPUSTIN, MYKHAYLO, STUPPIA, LIBORIO, LUMER, LUDOVICA, FARRONATO, GIAMPIETRO, BERTELLI, MATTEO, Pheby, Derek, Henehan, Gary, Brown, Richard, Sieving, Paul, Sykora, Peter, Marks, Robert, Falsini, Benedetto, Capodicasa, Natale, Miertus, Stanislav, Lorusso, Lorenzo, Tartaglia, Gianluca Martino, Ergoren, Mahmut Cerkez, Dundar, Munis, Michelini, Sandro, Malacarne, Daniele, Beccari, Tommaso, Samaja, Michele, Bertelli, Matteo, Martin, Donald, Morresi, Assunta, Bacu, Ariola, Herbst, Karen L, Kapustin, Mykhaylo, Stuppia, Liborio, Lumer, Ludovica, and Farronato, Giampietro
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5.9 Resources and infrastructure (treatment development) ,2.6 Resources and infrastructure (aetiology) ,Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Aetiology ,Humans ,Rats ,Mice ,Animals ,Animal Experimentation ,Research Design ,INTERNATIONAL BIOETHICS STUDY GROUP ,4Rs principle ,Animal experimentation ,Animal model ,Animal welfare ,Bioethics ,Microbiology - Abstract
Animal experimentation is widely used around the world for the identification of the root causes of various diseases in humans and animals and for exploring treatment options. Among the several animal species, rats, mice and purpose-bred birds comprise almost 90% of the animals that are used for research purpose. However, growing awareness of the sentience of animals and their experience of pain and suffering has led to strong opposition to animal research among many scientists and the general public. In addition, the usefulness of extrapolating animal data to humans has been questioned. This has led to Ethical Committees' adoption of the 'four Rs' principles (Reduction, Refinement, Replacement and Responsibility) as a guide when making decisions regarding animal experimentation. Some of the essential considerations for humane animal experimentation are presented in this review along with the requirement for investigator training. Due to the ethical issues surrounding the use of animals in experimentation, their use is declining in those research areas where alternative in vitro or in silico methods are available. However, so far it has not been possible to dispense with experimental animals completely and further research is needed to provide a road map to robust alternatives before their use can be fully discontinued.
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- 2022
20. The Beating Heart of Untapped Business Opportunities for Additive Manufacturing [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
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David Struthers, Isabel Froes, Matteo Perini, Ciro Malacarne, Paolo Gregori, and Maurizio Rossi
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Additive Manufacturing ,interdisciplinary ,user-driven innovation ,makerspaces ,healthcare ,business ,eng ,Science ,Social Sciences - Abstract
This article presents two cases that join user-driven innovation and additive manufacturing (AM) to examine latent business opportunities for AM in the medical sector. The first case arose as a response to shortages during the early stages of the covid 19 pandemic. The second case, explored in more depth, came from maker-medical collaboration during preparation for a life-threatening operation. Surgeons, confronted with a patient with a delicate heart condition, collaborated with a prototyping facility to print a realistic 3D model of the patient’s aortic aneurysm. The model allowed the surgeons to first study and then experiment to determine the most effective operation procedure before the actual operation, which shortened the surgery time by approximately 70%. Reducing surgery time creates two forms of value: improving patient outcomes and reducing costs. Shorter times under anesthetic and on cardiopulmonary bypass correlate with better surgical results. Reducing healthcare costs brings broad societal benefits in both publicly and privately funded healthcare systems. We outline a case for makerspaces to capture value by joining their expertise and manufacturing equipment with the needs of nearby healthcare systems for novel business development.
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- 2024
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21. Norte e Sul: as estratégias educacionais do Ensino Médio no estado do Amazonas e no estado do Paraná
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Rúbia Darivanda da Silva Costa and Vilmar Malacarne
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Plano Estadual de Educação ,educação básica ,metas e estratégias. ,Education ,History of education ,LA5-2396 ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 - Abstract
O presente estudo apresenta análises dos Planos Educacionais do Estado (PEE) do Amazonas e do Paraná, a fim de conhecermos a realidade das estratégias recomendadas para a Educação Básica nesses dois estados brasileiros. A análise desses documentos promoveu o conhecimento acerca das demandas do processo educacional nesses estados, bem como a compreensão das metas e estratégias contidas nos planos estaduais que regem a educação. Embora os PEE apresentem vários pontos em comum, no que tange às estratégias para o fortalecimento do Ensino Médio, esses planos possuem também diferenças que refletem as particularidades do sistema educacional, territorial, econômico e regional de cada estado. Apesar dos esforços dispensados para o planejamento e elaboração de estratégias para alcançar as metas, tanto a nível nacional quanto estadual, o Relatório do 3º Ciclo de Monitoramento das Metas do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), evidencia um retrocesso significativo na educação brasileira, visto que não somente a meta proposta para o Ensino Médio não foi alcançada, como também, a maioria das metas estimadas para outros níveis e modalidade de ensino. Por fim, percebemos que este estudo ressalta diversos fatores que podem influenciar no processo educacional, e que para atingir as metas indicadas nos PEEs é importante que as estratégias estejam de acordo com a realidade regional e local, assim como com o contexto em que os estudantes estão inseridos.
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- 2024
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22. FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles modulate energetic status and production of reactive oxygen species in myoblasts from ALS mice
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Claudia Malacarne, Eleonora Giagnorio, Cristina Chirizzi, Marco Cattaneo, Fulvia Saraceno, Paola Cavalcante, Silvia Bonanno, Renato Mantegazza, Victoria Moreno-Manzano, Giuseppe Lauria, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Francesca Baldelli Bombelli, and Stefania Marcuzzo
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Muscle ,FM19G11 ,G93A-SOD1 mouse model ,Nanomedicine ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Considerable evidence indicates that early skeletal muscle atrophy plays a crucial role in the disease pathogenesis, leading to an altered muscle-motor neuron crosstalk that, in turn, may contribute to motor neuron degeneration. Currently, there is no effective treatment for ALS, highlighting the need to dig deeper into the pathological mechanisms for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. FM19G11 is a novel drug able to modulate the global cellular metabolism, but its effects on ALS skeletal muscle atrophy and mitochondrial metabolism have never been evaluated, yet.This study investigated whether FM19G11-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) may affect the bioenergetic status in myoblasts isolated from G93A-SOD1 mice at different disease stages. We found that FM19G1-loaded NP treatment was able to increase transcriptional levels of Akt1, Akt3, Mef2a, Mef2c and Ucp2, which are key genes associated with cell proliferation (Akt1, Akt3), muscle differentiation (Mef2c), and mitochondrial activity (Ucp2), in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts. These cells also showed a significant reduction of mitochondrial area and networks, in addition to decreased ROS production after treatment with FM19G11-loaded NPs, suggesting a ROS clearance upon the amelioration of mitochondrial dynamics.Our overall findings demonstrate a significant impact of FM19G11-loaded NPs on muscle cell function and bioenergetic status in G93A-SOD1 myoblasts, thus promising to open new avenues towards possible adoption of FM19G11-based nanotherapies to slow muscle degeneration in the frame of ALS and muscle disorders.
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- 2024
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23. Generation of IGGi003-A induced pluripotent stem cell line from a patient with Sotos Syndrome carrying c.1633delA NSD1 variant in exon 5
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Giuseppina Conteduca, Chiara Baldo, Alessia Arado, Joana Soraia Martinheira da Silva, Barbara Testa, Simona Baldassari, Federico Zara, Gilberto Filaci, Domenico Coviello, and Michela Malacarne
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Sotos syndrome (SoS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from NSD1 mutations that cause haploinsufficiency of NSD1. Here, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from fibroblasts of a SoS patient carrying the pathogenic variant (c.1633delA). The cell line shows typical iPSC morphology, high expression of pluripotent markers, normal karyotype, and it differentiates into three germ layers in vitro. This line is a valuable resource for studying pathological pathways involved in SoS.
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- 2024
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24. Milliarcsecond astrometry for the Galilean moons using stellar occultations
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Morgado, B. E., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Braga-Ribas, F., Vieira-Martins, R., Desmars, J., Lainey, V., D'aversa, E., Dunham, D., Moore, J., Baillié, K., Herald, D., Assafin, M., Sicardy, B., Aoki, S., Bardecker, J., Barton, J., Blank, T., Bruns, D., Carlson, N., Carlson, R. W., Cobble, K., Dunham, J., Eisfeldt, D., Emilio, M., Jacques, C., Hinse, T. C., Kim, Y., Malacarne, M., Maley, P. D., Maury, A., Meza, E., Oliva, F., Orton, G. S., Pereira, C. L., Person, M., Plainaki, C., Sfair, R., Sindoni, G., Smith, M., Sussenbach, E., Stuart, P., Vrolijk, J., and Winter, O. C.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
A stellar occultation occurs when a Solar System object passes in front of a star for an observer. This technique allows the determination of sizes and shapes of the occulting body with kilometer precision. Also, this technique constrains the occulting body's positions, albedos, densities, etc. In the context of the Galilean moons, these events can provide their best ground-based astrometry, with uncertainties in the order of 1 mas ($\sim$ 3 km at Jupiter's distance during opposition). We organized campaigns and successfully observed a stellar occultation by Io (JI) in 2021, one by Ganymede (JIII) in 2020, and one by Europa (JII) in 2019, with stations in North and South America. Also, we re-analyzed two previously published events, one by Europa in 2016 and another by Ganymede in 2017. Then, we fit the known 3D shape of the occulting satellite and determine its center of figure. That resulted in astrometric positions with uncertainties in the milliarcsecond level. The positions obtained from these stellar occultations can be used together with dynamical models to ensure highly accurate orbits of the Galilean moons. These orbits can help plan future space probes aiming at the Jovian system, such as JUICE by ESA and Europa Clipper by NASA, and allow more efficient planning of flyby maneuvers., Comment: 19 pages, 25 figures, Accepted on March 14, 2022 for publication in The Astronomical Journal
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- 2022
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25. Corrosion of Two Iron-Based Aluminaforming Alloys in NaCl-MgCl2 Molten Salts at 600 °C
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Louis Pellicot, Nathalie Gruet, Jérôme Serp, Romain Malacarne, Sophie Bosonnet, and Laure Martinelli
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intergranular oxidation ,OC1/OC4 steels ,electrochemical techniques ,SEM-FIB ,predominance diagram ,oxo-acidity ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Microscopy ,QH201-278.5 ,Descriptive and experimental mechanics ,QC120-168.85 - Abstract
Molten salts have been used as heat transfer fluids since the middle of the 20th century. More recently, molten chloride salts have been studied for use in concentrated solar power plants or molten salt reactors. However, none of the materials studied to date has been able to withstand this highly corrosive environment without controlling the salt’s redox potential. The alumina-forming alloy was a promising option, as it has not yet been widely studied. To investigate this possibility, two iron-based alumina-forming alloys were corroded in NaCl-MgCl2 eutectic at 600 °C for 500 h after being pre-oxidised to grow a protective layer of α-alumina on each alloy. A salt purification protocol based on salt electrolysis was implemented to ensure comparable and reproducible results. During immersion, alumina was transformed into MgAl2O4, as shown by FIB-SEM observation. Inter and intragranular corrosion were observed, with the formation of MgAl2O4 in the corroded zones. The nature of the oxides was explained by the predominance diagram. Intragranular corrosion was 2 µm deep, and intergranular corrosion 10 µm deep. Alumina formed at the bottom of the intergranular corrosion zones. The depth of intergranular corrosion is consistent with O diffusion control at the grain boundary.
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- 2024
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26. Float, borosilicate and tellurites as cover glasses in Si photovoltaics: optical properties and performances under sunlight
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Belançon, Marcos Paulo, Sandrini, Marcelo, Muniz, Henrique Silva, Herculano, Leandro Silva, Lukasievicz, Gustavo Vinicius Bassi, Savi, Elton Lima, Capeloto, Otávio Augusto, Malacarne, Luis Carlos, Astrath, Nelson Guilherme Castelli, Baesso, Mauro Luciano, Schiavon, Gilson Junior, Junior, Adriano Aparecido da Silva, and Marconi, Jorge Diego
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
One of the most significant materials in a solar panel is the glass, which provides transparency, UV protection as well as mechanical and chemical resistance. In this work, we describe the production of prototypes of four solar modules made using borosilicate, zinc-tellurite, Pr$^{3+}$ doped zinc-tellurite, and float glass as cover materials. The performance of these prototypes was evaluated under a solar simulator, and a device was developed to monitor all prototypes under real conditions. A comparison between indoor and outdoor measurements shows that outdoor results are fundamental to evaluate the performance of modified solar modules as the ones considered in this study. In addition, we demonstrate the fundamental role played by the refractive index of cover glasses in the performance of the prototypes, and discuss how this feature could be explored to achieve enhanced devices, as well as other benefits that may arise from this field of research., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
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- 2021
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27. Antibiofilm Activity of Combretum micranthum G. Don Catechin–Sugar Phytocomplex on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Viviana Teresa Orlandi, Fabrizio Bolognese, Luca Chiodaroli, Ilaria Armenia, Enrico Caruso, and Miryam Chiara Malacarne
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,biofilm ,antimicrobial treatment ,Combretum micranthum G. Don ,phytocomplex ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Clinicians often have to face infections caused by microorganisms that are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance and/or tolerance to antimicrobials. Among these pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic infections due to its ability to form biofilms on medical devices, skin wounds, ulcers and the lungs of patients with Cystic Fibrosis. In this scenario, the plant world represents an important reservoir of natural compounds with antimicrobial and/or antibiofilm properties. In this study, an extract from the leaves of Combretum micranthum G. Don, named Cm4-p, which was previously investigated for its antimicrobial activities, was assayed for its capacity to inhibit biofilm formation and/or to eradicate formed biofilms. The model strain P. aeruginosa PAO1 and its isogenic biofilm hyperproducer derivative B13 were treated with Cm4-p. Preliminary IR, UV-vis, NMR, and mass spectrometry analyses showed that the extract was mainly composed of catechins bearing different sugar moieties. The phytocomplex (3 g/L) inhibited the biofilm formation of both the PAO1 and B13 strains in a significant manner. In light of the obtained results, Cm4-p deserves deeper investigations of its potential in the antimicrobial field.
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- 2024
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28. Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis on Norepinephrine Use in Septic Shock: Why Is It Still a Male World?
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Benedetta Perna, Valeria Raparelli, Federica Tordo Caprioli, Oana Teodora Blanaru, Cecilia Malacarne, Cecilia Crosetti, Andrea Portoraro, Alex Zanotto, Francesco Maria Strocchi, Alessandro Rapino, Anna Costanzini, Martina Maritati, Roberto Lazzari, Michele Domenico Spampinato, Carlo Contini, Roberto De Giorgio, and Matteo Guarino
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sex ,gender ,septic shock ,norepinephrine ,vasoactive agents ,precision medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Sex and gender are fundamental health determinants and their role as modifiers of treatment response is increasingly recognized. Norepinephrine is a cornerstone of septic shock management and its use is based on the highest level of evidence compared to dopamine. The related 2021 Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SCC) recommendation is presumably applicable to both females and males; however, a sex- and gender-based analysis is lacking, thus not allowing generalizable conclusions. This paper was aimed at exploring whether sex- and gender-disaggregated data are available in the evidence supporting this recommendation. For all the studies underpinning it, four pairs of authors, including a woman and a man, extracted data concerning sex and gender, according to the Sex and Gender Equity in Research guidelines. Nine manuscripts were included with an overall population of 2126 patients, of which 43.2% were females. No sex analysis was performed and gender was never reported. In conclusion, the present manuscript highlighted that the clinical studies underlying the SCC recommendation of NE administration in septic shock have neglected the likely role of sex and gender as modifiers of treatment response, thus missing the opportunity of sex- and gender-specific guidelines.
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- 2024
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29. O ENSINO DE ASTRONOMIA E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: APROXIMAÇÕES E PERCEPÇÕES NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
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Elizandra Daneize dos Santos, Vilmar Malacarne, and Rodolfo Langhi
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Educação ,Ensino de Ciências ,Ensino de Astronomia ,Formação de Professores ,Education (General) ,L7-991 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Dentre os conteúdos trabalhados no contexto escolar, destacamos a Astronomia, área de conhecimento inserida na disciplina de Ciências, cujos conteúdos científicos buscam explicar os fenômenos astronômicos que se observam no cotidiano. O presente texto é parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado e tem por objetivo investigar a abordagem dos conteúdos de Astronomia nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e a sua implicação no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A coleta de dados se efetivou com a aplicação de questionários, direcionados à Secretaria Municipal de Educação de um município do estado do Paraná, aos diretores/coordenadores das escolas e aos professores de Ciências, obtendo a participação de 56 voluntários. Os resultados discutem os aspectos que influenciam no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conteúdos de Astronomia, refletindo sobre a formação dos profissionais da educação e indagando sobre os problemas que perpassam o ensino desse conteúdo na prática da sala de aula.
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- 2023
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30. METÁFORA SYS.TERNA: EM BUSCA DE UMA METODOLOGIA DE EXTENSÃO BASEADA NA DESCONSTRUÇÃO
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Leonardo Lopes de Oliveira, Leonardo Bis dos Santos, and Robson Malacarne
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Extensão ,Coletivos ,Metáfora ,Metodologia ,Education ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Esta pesquisa busca contribuir com as discussões sobre a relação entre as metodologias de pesquisa e de extensão na perspectiva da formação de coletivos. A ideia é a de propor reflexões teóricas a partir de uma análise bibliográfica. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi feita uma análise qualitativa sobre a política de extensão do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo - IFES e elaborada a crítica a partir do conceito de dialogismo de Paulo Freire (2015). Os resultados sugerem que a dimensão emancipatória das pesquisas participantes é muito próxima dos princípios de extensão do Ifes, apontando para a leitura de que existem metodologias que atuam nos limites entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão. Como conclusão, o estudo propõe uma metáfora a partir da análise dessa relação, considerando o movimento de pensamento da desconstrução, proposto pelo filósofo Jacques Derrida (1973).
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- 2023
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31. Que ideias nos transmitem as fake news sobre as vacinas contra a Covid-19? Desafios para o Ensino de Ciências e a divulgação científica
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Fernanda Veneu, Marcelo Borges Rocha, Juliane Pereira Zago, José Augusto Dalmonte Malacarne, and Alberto Henrique Melo
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Ensino de química ,Descolonização ,Formação de professores ,Polirracionalidade ,Education (General) ,L7-991 - Abstract
Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar que ideias estão contidas nas fake news sobre as vacinas contra a Covid-19 que constam do serviço de checagem de notícias Fato ou Fake, pertencente às Organizações Globo, no período de 1 de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2021. O ano foi escolhido por conta dos registros da primeira vacinação no Brasil. Utilizamos a análise de conteúdo para categorizar e interpretar os textos encontrados. Das 285 notícias enganosas sobre a pandemia desmentidas pelo serviço no período analisado, 129 eram relacionadas às vacinas. Criamos, a posteriori, 13 categorias. As ideias mais recorrentes associavam os imunizantes a teorias da conspiração (26 textos) e ao óbito de quem se imunizava (20 textos).
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- 2023
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32. SÍNDROME BING NEEL: RELATO DE CASO DE UMA COMPLICAÇÃO RARA
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MA Malacarne, MVA Azevedo, FA Melo, LDV Grassi, ICTS Almeida, JGF Dias, and ACA Maia
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Objetivos: Relatar o caso de um paciente com Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstrom e apresentação rara de infiltração de sistema nervoso central, diagnosticada no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo em 2023. Material e métodos: Dados obtidos através da revisão de prontuário. Resultados: Mulher, 63 anos, previamente hígida, com história de febre intermitente, sudorese noturna e perda ponderal há 04 meses, além de confusão mental, fadiga e astenia há 01 mês. À admissão, foi evidenciado adenomegalias palpáveis em cadeias cervicais, axilares e inguinais bilateralmente, além de esplenomegalia. Ao hemograma, visualizado anemia (Hemoglobina 6,7 g/dL VCM 88), plaquetopenia (100 mil/mm3) e leucocitose (37 mil/mm3) às custas de 80% de linfócitos anômalos, com imunofenotipagem com 79% de linfócitos B monoclonais Kappa, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD200+, CD5- CD10-. Biópsia de linfonodomegalia e medula óssea com infiltrados linfoplasmocitários sugestivos de doença linfoproliferativa crônica. Evidenciado também pico monoclonal de 1 g/dL em eletroforese de proteínas séricas e imunofixação IgM/Kappa, além de IgM sérica maior que 11000 mg/dL e pesquisa molecular da mutação MYD88 negativa. No estadiamento por PET-CT, identificadas múltiplas adenomegalias supra e infra diafragmáticas e esplenomegalia. Devido a agitação psicomotora e desorientação persistentes, realizado análise de líquor com imunofenotipagem que confirmou infiltração. Diante do diagnóstico de Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstrom em estadio avançado com alta carga tumoral e acometimento de sistema nervoso central, além das opções de tratamento disponíveis no Sistema Único de Saúde, optado por quimioterapia citorredutora com COP (ciclofosfamida, vincristina e prednisona) e protocolo MADIT (metotrexate, citarabina e dexametasona intratecal) pela infiltração de SNC. Após início de tratamento, paciente progrediu com pancitopenia persistente e choque séptico refratário, evoluindo a óbito. Discussão: A Síndrome Bing Neel é uma manifestação rara (1%) da Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstrom resultante da infiltração do sistema nervoso central pelas células linfoplasmocitárias malignas. A clínica varia desde cefaléia, déficit cognitivo, paresias e sintomas psiquiátricos. O diagnóstico inclui análise do líquor com imunofenotipagem para estabelecer clonalidade B, imunofixação e eletroforese de proteínas para detecção da proteína monoclonal, além de pesquisa de rearranjos no gene da imunoglobulina e mutação MYD88. Esta síndrome confere alta morbimortalidade, sendo o objetivo do tratamento reverter os sintomas e induzir sobrevida livre de progressão prolongada. O caso descrito demonstra uma maior agressividade da doença, sendo compatível com o pior prognóstico relatado em coortes com pacientes com ausência da mutação MYD88. Conclusão: As manifestações neurológicas auxiliam na suspeição da Síndrome de Bing Neel, o que torna mandatório a análise de líquido cefalorraquidiano para diagnóstico dessa complicação. Com a disposição de quimioterapia que atravesse a barreira hematoencefálica, incluindo os inibidores de bruton tirosinoquinase, pode-se alcançar melhores taxas de resposta clínica.
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- 2023
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33. Fatty acids composition and lipolysis of Parmigiano Reggiano PDO cheese: effect of the milk cooling temperature at the farm
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Piero Franceschi, Paolo Formaggioni, Milena Brasca, Giuseppe Natrella, Michele Faccia, Massimo Malacarne, and Andrea Summer
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cheese fat composition ,cheese lipolysis ,fatty acids ,milk cooling ,parmigiano reggiano ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Objective The aim was to study the influence of cooling milk at 9°C at the farm versus keeping it at 20°C on Parmigiano Reggiano cheese lipolysis. Methods A total of six cheesemaking trials (3 in winter and 3 in summer) were performed. In each trial, milk was divided continuously into two identical aliquots, one of which was kept at 9°C (MC9) and the other at 20°C (MC20). For each trial and milk temperature, vat milk (V-milk) and the resulting 21 month ripened cheese were analysed. Results Fat and dry matter and fat/casein ratio were lower in MC9 V-milk (p≤0.05) than in MC20. Total bacteria, mesophilic lactic acid and psychrotrophic and lipolytic bacteria showed significant differences (p≤0.05) between the two V-milks. Regarding cheese, fat content resulted lower and crude protein higher (p≤0.05) both in outer (OZ) and in inner zone (IZ) of the MC9 cheese wheels. Concerning total fatty acids, the MC9 OZ had a lower concentration of butyric, capric (p≤0.05) and medium chain fatty acids (p≤0.05), while the MC9 IZ had lower content of butyric (p≤0.05), caproic (p≤0.01) and short chain fatty acids (p≤0.05). The levels of short chain and medium chain free fatty acids (p≤0.05) were lower and that of long chain fatty acids (p≤0.05) was higher in MC9 OZ cheese. The principal component analysis of total and free fatty acids resulted in a clear separation among samples by seasons, whereas slight differences were observed between the two different milk temperatures. Conclusion Storing milk at 9°C at the herd affects the chemical composition of Parmigiano Reggiano, with repercussion on lipolysis. However, the changes are not very relevant, and since the cheese can present a high variability among the different cheese factories, such changes should be considered within the “normal variations” of Parmigiano Reggiano chemical characteristics.
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- 2023
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34. A Seamless Deep Learning Approach for Apple Detection, Depth Estimation, and Tracking Using YOLO Models Enhanced by Multi-Head Attention Mechanism
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Praveen Kumar Sekharamantry, Farid Melgani, Jonni Malacarne, Riccardo Ricci, Rodrigo de Almeida Silva, and Jose Marcato Junior
- Subjects
apple detection ,depth estimation ,multi-head attention mechanism ,ByteTrack ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Abstract
Considering precision agriculture, recent technological developments have sparked the emergence of several new tools that can help to automate the agricultural process. For instance, accurately detecting and counting apples in orchards is essential for maximizing harvests and ensuring effective resource management. However, there are several intrinsic difficulties with traditional techniques for identifying and counting apples in orchards. To identify, recognize, and detect apples, apple target detection algorithms, such as YOLOv7, have shown a great deal of reflection and accuracy. But occlusions, electrical wiring, branches, and overlapping pose severe issues for precisely detecting apples. Thus, to overcome these issues and accurately recognize apples and find the depth of apples from drone-based videos in complicated backdrops, our proposed model combines a multi-head attention system with the YOLOv7 object identification framework. Furthermore, we provide the ByteTrack method for apple counting in real time, which guarantees effective monitoring of apples. To verify the efficacy of our suggested model, a thorough comparison assessment is performed with several current apple detection and counting techniques. The outcomes adequately proved the effectiveness of our strategy, which continuously surpassed competing methods to achieve exceptional accuracies of 0.92, 0.96, and 0.95 with respect to precision, recall, and F1 score, and a low MAPE of 0.027, respectively.
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- 2024
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35. Evaluation of Nanoparticles Covalently Bound with BODIPY for Their Photodynamic Therapy Applicability
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Miryam Chiara Malacarne, Enrico Caruso, Marzia Bruna Gariboldi, Emanuela Marras, Gianluca Della Bitta, Orlando Santoro, Alan Simm, Rong Li, and Calum T. J. Ferguson
- Subjects
BODIPY ,PDT ,nanoparticles ,singlet oxygen ,death mechanism ,cellular uptake ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the combined action of a photosensitizer (PS), light at an appropriate wavelength, and oxygen, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to cell death. However, this therapeutic modality presents some limitations, such as the poor water solubility of PSs and their limited selectivity. To overcome these problems, research has exploited nanoparticles (NPs). This project aimed to synthesize a PS, belonging to the BODIPY family, covalently link it to two NPs that differ in their lipophilic character, and then evaluate their photodynamic activity on SKOV3 and MCF7 tumor cell lines. Physicochemical analyses demonstrated that both NPs are suitable for PDT, as they are resistant to photobleaching and have good singlet oxygen (1O2) production. In vitro biological analyses showed that BODIPY has greater photodynamic activity in the free form than its NP-bounded counterpart, probably due to greater cellular uptake. To evaluate the main mechanisms involved in PDT-induced cell death, flow cytometric analyses were performed and showed that free BODIPY mainly induced necrosis, while once bound to NP, it seemed to prefer apoptosis. A scratch wound healing test indicated that all compounds partially inhibited cellular migration of SKOV3 cells.
- Published
- 2024
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36. Could the Length of the Alkyl Chain Affect the Photodynamic Activity of 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(1-alkylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrins?
- Author
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Miryam Chiara Malacarne, Marzia Bruna Gariboldi, Emanuela Marras, and Enrico Caruso
- Subjects
photodynamic therapy (PDT) ,tetrakis(N-alkylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrins ,tumor cells ,cytotoxicity ,cellular uptake ,cell death mechanisms ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment that uses the combination of a photosensitizing agent (PS) and light to selectively target solid tumors, as well as several non-neoplastic proliferating cell diseases. After systemic administration, PSs are activated by localized irradiation with visible light; in the presence of adequate concentrations of molecular oxygen, this causes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent tissue damage. In this study, two series of tetrakis(N-alkylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrins were synthesized, differing in the presence or absence of a zinc ion in the tetrapyrrole nucleus, as well as in the N-alkyl chain length (from one to twelve carbon atoms). The compounds were chemically characterized, and their effect on cell viability was evaluated using a panel of three tumor cell lines to determine a possible relationship between photodynamic activity and Zn presence/alkyl chain length. The types of cell death mechanisms involved in the effect of the various PSs were also evaluated. The obtained results indicate that the most effective porphyrin is the Zn-porphyrin, with a pendant made up of eight carbon atoms (Zn-C8).
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- 2024
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37. Supporting farmers in coping with water extremes: aligning farmer needs and advisor confidence, skills, and expertise
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Rachel E Schattman, Jonathan Malacarne, Ellen B Mallory, and Caleb P Goossen
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agriculture ,climate change ,professional development ,soil health ,water ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Temperate regions, where water supply has not historically been a limiting factor in agriculture or other industries, are expected to face new challenges related to water availability and use. It is important to investigate the gap between farmers’ need for professional support around water management and the services that agricultural advisors can provide. Needs assessments generally consider one of these topics or the other, though we suggest a deeper understanding of the two together is called for. Here, we report on a farmer survey conducted in the state of Maine in the United States ( n = 174) and a survey of agricultural advisors conducted in twelve northeastern states ( n = 381). By comparing two investigations, we find (a) opportunities for outreach programs both targeted towards the needs of specific agricultural sectors, and (b) professional development topics for agricultural advisors to close the gap between current capacity in the region and farmer needs. Based on these results, we suggest a framework informed by theories of social learning for targeted outreach. We propose that this approach can serve as a model for moving forward with program development in agricultural services into the future, both in the United States and around the world.
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- 2024
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38. Editorial: Genetic factors affecting the nutritional and processing quality of milk
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Massimo Malacarne, Piero Franceschi, Stefania Chessa, and Andrea Summer
- Subjects
milk quality ,genomic ,nutrigenomic ,proteomic ,mid-infrared spectra ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Published
- 2023
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39. Biological acidification of 'Vino Santo di Gambellara' by mixed fermentation of L. thermotolerans and S. cerevisiae. Role of nitrogen in the evolution of fermentation and aroma profile
- Author
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Adelaide Gallo, Raffaele, Mauro Paolini, Mario Malacarne, Marco Ongaro, and Tomas Roman
- Subjects
L. thermotolerans ,straw wine ,Vino Santo ,yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) ,lactic acid ,mixed fermentation ,Agriculture ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
In this work, Lachancea thermotolerans was exploited as a biological acidifier of Vino Santo di Gambellara, a traditional Italian wine made from long-dried grapes. The drying of grapes before winemaking is a traditional technique widely applied in Italy in the production of sweet wines, but in recent years, global warming reduces dramatically the acidity of grapes, causing microbial instability during drying and winemaking. The ability of L. thermotolerans to convert sugars in lactic acid was already applied in the acidification of red wines, but the peculiar features of dried grape (e.g., osmotic stress, lack of nutrients, presence of mould-derived toxic compounds during drying) impose specific tests. L. thermotolerans was employed in sequential fermentation in combination with a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Considering the lack of information about the nutritional requirement of the non-Saccharomyces yeast, three protocols of nitrogen supplementation (mineral, organic and organic at high dosage) were tested. Alcoholic fermentation experiments were followed by plate counts onto differential media to discriminate between the two yeast species and by chemical analysis. Moreover, a GC-MS-MS approach carried out a complete characterisation of the volatile profile of wines. Results evidenced a long permanence of L. thermotolerans during alcoholic fermentation, which remained over the 7 log units until the 14th day of fermentation. The nitrogen supplementation protocol influenced cell growth and fermentative activity. Inorganic nitrogen supplementations allowed the accomplishment of alcoholic fermentation and the maintenance of pH below 3.35, with respect to the control wine (made only by S. cerevisiae), which was over pH 3.50. L. thermotolerans also influenced the wine's volatile aroma profile. Statistical differences were found in the main families of the yeast-derived aroma: acetate, esters, lactates, fatty acids and C6 compounds.
- Published
- 2023
40. Editorial: Women in plant pathogen interactions: 2022
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Špela Baebler, Anna Coll, and Giulia Malacarne
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plant pathogen ,bacteria ,fungi ,viruses ,beneficial microbes ,plant-pathogen interaction ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Published
- 2023
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41. Glass engineering to enhance Si solar cells: a case study of Pr$^{3+}$-Yb$^{3+}$ codoped tellurite-tungstate as spectral converter
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Taniguchi, Maiara Mitiko, Zanuto, Vitor Santaella, Portes, Pablo, Malacarne, Luis Carlos, Astrath, Nelson Guilherme, Marconi, Jorge Diego, and Belançon, Marcos Paulo
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Physics - Applied Physics ,Physics - Optics - Abstract
Spectral converters are known to increase photovoltaic energy conversion by minimizing losses due to fundamental non-absorption and thermalization processes, and have been suggested to surpass the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit in single junction solar cells. Here we present a detailed spectroscopic study of photoluminescence in tellurite-tungstate glasses doped and codoped with $Pr^{3+}-Yb^{3+}$ and $Ag$ nanoparticles. The energy transfer mechanisms between $Pr^{3+}$ and $Yb^{3+}$ are discussed based on the near infrared emission under excitation at $442$ nm and on the upconversion emission under excitation at $980$ nm. Fluorescence quenching of $^2 F_{5/2}$ level of $Yb^{3+}$ is observed by increasing the concentration of $Pr^{3+}$, as well as by the addition of $Ag$ nanoparticles. In addition, a discussion on the potential of this glass to increase energy production in spectral converters is presented. The results suggest that the few undesirable energy transfer processes occurring in this material are difficult to be controlled or eliminated properly, resulting in intrinsic losses. This discussion is extended to the potential of glass science to enhance energy production in solar cells, showing that newer designs such as bifacial cells may facilitate the exploration of glasses other than soda-lime for mass production of solar cells. The focus on extending the lifespan by reducing UV induced degradation seems to be a more effective approach than the development of spectral converters for Si solar cells.
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- 2019
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42. The 2014-2015 Brazilian Mutual Phenomena campaign for the Jovian satellites and improved results for the 2009 events
- Author
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Morgado, B., Vieira-Martins, R., Assafin, M., Dias-Oliveira, A., Machado, D. I., Camargo, J. I. B., Malacarne, M., Sfair, R., Winter, O. C., Braga-Ribas, F., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Boldrin, L. A., Camargo, B. C. B., Gaspar, H. S., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Miranda, J. O., de Santana, T., and Trabuco, L. L.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Progress in astrometry and orbital modelling of planetary moons in the last decade enabled better determinations of their orbits. These studies need accurate positions spread over extended periods. We present the results of the 2014-2015 Brazilian campaign for 40 mutual events from 47 observed light curves by the Galilean satellites plus one eclipse of Amalthea by Ganymede. We also reanalysed and updated results for 25 mutual events observed in the 2009 campaign. All telescopes were equipped with narrow-band filters centred at 889 nm with a width of 15 nm to eliminate the scattered light from Jupiter. The albedos' ratio was determined using images before and after each event. We simulated images of moons, umbra, and penumbra in the sky plane, and integrated their fluxes to compute albedos, simulate light curves and fit them to the observed ones using a chi-square fitting procedure. For that, we used the complete version of the Oren-Nayer reflectance model. The relative satellite positions mean uncertainty was 11.2 mas ($\sim$35 km) and 10.1 mas ($\sim$31 km) for the 2014-2015 and 2009 campaigns respectively. The simulated and observed \textsc{ascii} light curve files are freely available in electronic form at the \textit{Natural Satellites DataBase} (NSDB). The 40/25 mutual events from our 2014-2015/2009 campaigns represent a significant contribution of 17%/15% in comparison with the PHEMU campaigns lead by the IMCCE. Besides that, our result for the eclipse of Amalthea is only the 4$^{th}$ such measurement ever published after the three ones observed by the 2014-2015 international PHEMU campaign. Our results are suitable for new orbital/ephemeris determinations for the Galilean moons and Amalthea., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures and 5 tables
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- 2019
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43. The trans-Neptunian object (84922) 2003 VS2 through stellar occultations
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Benedetti-Rossi, Gustavo, Santos-Sanz, P., Ortiz, J. L., Assafin, M., Sicardy, B., Morales, N., Vieira-Martins, R., Duffard, R., Braga-Ribas, F., Rommel, F. L., Camargo, J. I. B., Desmars, J., Colas, A. F., Vachier, F., Alvarez-Candal, Fernández-Valenzuela, E., Almenares, L., Artola, R., Baum, T. -P., Behrend, R., Bérard, D., Bianco, F., Brosch, N., Ceretta, A., Colazo, C. A., Gomes-Junior, A. R., Ivanov, V. D., Jehin, E., Kaspi, S., Lecacheux, J., Maury, A., Melia, R., Moindrot, S., Morgado, B., Opitom, C., Peyrot, A., Pollock, J., Pratt, A., Roland, S., Spagnotto, J., Tancredi, G., Teng, J. -P., Cacella, P., Emilio, M., Feys, F., Gil-Hutton, R., Jacques, C., Machado, D. I., Malacarne, M., Manulis, I., Milone, A. C., Rojas, G., and Sfair, R.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
We present results from three world-wide campaigns that resulted in the detections of two single-chord and one multi-chord stellar occultations by the Plutino object (84922) 2003~VS$_2$. From the single-chord occultations in 2013 and 2014 we obtained accurate astrometric positions for the object, while from the multi-chord occultation on November 7th, 2014, we obtained the parameters of the best-fitting ellipse to the limb of the body at the time of occultation. We also obtained short-term photometry data for the body in order to derive its rotational phase during the occultation. The rotational light curve present a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.141 $\pm$ 0.009 mag. This allows us to reconstruct the three-dimensional shape of the body, with principal semi-axes $a = 313.8 \pm 7.1$ km, $b = 265.5^{+8.8}_{-9.8}$ km, and $c = 247.3^{+26.6}_{-43.6}$ km, which is not consistent with a Jacobi triaxial equilibrium figure. The derived spherical volume equivalent diameter of $548.3 ^{+29.5}_{-44.6}$ km is about 5\% larger than the radiometric diameter of 2003~VS$_2$ derived from Herschel data of $523 \pm 35$ km, but still compatible with it within error bars. From those results we can also derive the geometric albedo ($0.123 ^{+0.015}_{-0.014}$) and, under the assumption that the object is a Maclaurin spheroid, the density $\rho = 1400^{+1000}_{-300}$ for the plutino. The disappearances and reappearances of the star during the occultations do not show any compelling evidence for a global atmosphere considering a pressure upper limit of about 1 microbar for a pure nitrogen atmosphere, nor secondary features (e.g. rings or satellite) around the main body., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, 1 appendix
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- 2019
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44. APPROX -- Mutual approximations between the Galilean moons. The 2016-2018 observational campaign
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Morgado, B., Vieira-Martins, R., Assafin, M., Machado, D. I., Camargo, J. I. B., Sfair, R., Malacarne, M., Braga-Ribas, F., Robert, V., Bassallo, T., Benedetti-Rossi, G., Boldrin, L. A., Borderes-Motta, G., Camargo, B. C. B., Crispim, A., Dias-Oliveira, A., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Lainey, V., Miranda, J. O., Moura, T. S., Ribeiro, F. K., de Santana, T., Santos-Filho, S., Trabuco, L. L., Winter, O. C., and Yamashita, T. A. R.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
The technique of mutual approximations accurately gives the central instant at the maximum apparent approximation of two moving natural satellites in the sky plane. This can be used in ephemeris fitting to infer the relative positions between satellites with high precision. Only the mutual phenomena -- occultations and eclipses -- may achieve better results. However, mutual phenomena only occur every six years in the case of Jupiter. Mutual approximations do not have this restriction and can be observed at any time along the year as long as the satellites are visible. In this work, we present 104 central instants determined from the observations of 66 mutual approximations between the Galilean moons carried out at different sites in Brazil and France during the period 2016--2018. For 28 events we have at least two independent observations. All telescopes were equipped with a narrow-band filter centred at 889 nm with a width of 15 nm to eliminate the scattered light from Jupiter. The telescope apertures ranged between 25--120 cm. For comparison, the precision of the positions obtained with classical CCD astrometry is about 100 mas, for mutual phenomena it can achieve 10 mas or less and the average internal precision obtained with mutual approximations was 11.3 mas. This new kind of simple, yet accurate observations can significantly improve the orbits and ephemeris of Galilean satellites and thus be very useful for the planning of future space missions aiming at the Jovian system., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures
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- 2018
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45. Environmental performances evaluation through building information models
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Ambra Barbini, Giada Malacarne, Giovanna A. Massari, Carmen Marcher, and Dominik T. Matt
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bim (building information modeling) ,sustainability ,environmental impacts ,lca (life cycle assessment) ,eci (environmental cost indicator) ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
The construction industry produces several negative environmental impacts. To promote solutions that reduce these negative impacts, it is crucial to increase awareness among all parties involved in the supply chain. Currently, certification protocols, environmental labels and declarations are the most common tools for promoting sustainability in the construction industry. However, these tools are generally non-mandatory and require specific competencies to thoroughly understand and interpret their outputs, especially for non-specialized users in sustainability assessment. This paper presents a tool for visualizing environmental impacts directly through a Building Information Model, by assigning different colours to model objects according to their environmental performances. Understanding environmental performances data is thus more accessible to non-expert users. Unlike several BIM LCA integration studies that primarily focus on the needs of designers, this contribution considers the perspective of manufacturers. The developed tool focuses on building products and has been carried out with the Autodesk Revit BIM authoring platform and its VPL-based Dynamo plug-in. Through the combination of 3D models and histograms, the tool facilitates manufacturers to visualize with real time updates which phase of a product life cycle requires sustainable innovation, which sub components or process determine the major environmental impacts and calculate the environmental cost indicator of a product.
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- 2022
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46. Is micronucleus assay in oral exfoliated cells a useful biomarker for biomonitoring populations exposed to pesticides? A systematic review with meta-analysis
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Malacarne, Ingra Tais, Takeshita, Wilton Mitsunari, de Souza, Daniel Vitor, dos Anjos Rosario, Barbara, de Barros Viana, Milena, Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz, Salvadori, Daisy Maria Favero, and Ribeiro, Daniel Araki
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- 2022
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47. O que é ser uma pessoa idosa que apresenta queixas de memória: a percepção de mulheres atendidas em um Centro de Reabilitação Física
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Rafaela Gulhak Moretto, Thais Schemberger Favarin, Camila Costanaro, Vilmar Malacarne, and Keila Okuda Tavares
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Perda de Memória ,Idosos ,Disfunção Cognitiva ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Conhecer e compreender o que é ser uma pessoa idosa que apresenta queixas de memória, por meio do olhar de mulheres atendidas em um Centro de Reabilitação Física. Método Estudo descritivo exploratório de caráter qualitativo com população composta por idosas acima de 60 anos que apresentavam alteração da função cognitiva, verificada por meio do instrumento Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e queixas subjetivas de memória. Foi aplicado um questionário para a caracterização das participantes e realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada áudio gravada baseada em uma pergunta orientadora. As entrevistas transcritas na íntegra foram analisadas com a Análise do Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados As 19 participantes apresentavam idade entre 62 e 84 anos, com média de 72,37 (±6,72) anos. Por meio da leitura das falas relacionadas as respostas da pergunta orientadora e análise, foi possível identificar duas categorias: (1) sentimentos que as idosas vivenciam devido a queixa de memória; (2) situações da vida diária que são afetadas pela queixa de memória. Conclusão Ser uma idosa que apresenta queixas de memória se mostra como algo difícil, promove diversas mudanças no cotidiano, altera situações que costumavam ser comuns, sendo necessárias readaptações tanto da idosa que sofre com a dificuldade de memória, quanto para os indivíduos que estão a sua volta.
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- 2023
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48. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein interacts and inhibits diacylglycerol kinase alpha promoting IL-2 induction
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Suresh Velnati, Sara Centonze, Giulia Rossino, Beatrice Purghè, Annamaria Antona, Luisa Racca, Sabrina Mula, Elisa Ruffo, Valeria Malacarne, Mario Malerba, Marcello Manfredi, Andrea Graziani, and Gianluca Baldanzi
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DGK diacylglycerol kinase ,WAS (Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome) ,T cell receptor signalling ,SLAM-associated protein (SAP) ,restimulation-induced cell death ,X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
BackgroundPhosphorylation of diacylglycerol by diacylglycerol-kinases represents a major inhibitory event constraining T cell activation upon antigen engagement. Efficient TCR signalling requires the inhibition of the alpha isoform of diacylglycerol kinase, DGKα, by an unidentified signalling pathway triggered by the protein adaptor SAP. We previously demonstrated that, in SAP absence, excessive DGKα activity makes the T cells resistant to restimulation-induced cell death (RICD), an apoptotic program counteracting excessive T cell clonal expansion.ResultsHerein, we report that the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) inhibits DGKα through a specific interaction of the DGKα recoverin homology domain with the WH1 domain of WASp. Indeed, WASp is necessary and sufficient for DGKα inhibition, and this WASp function is independent of ARP2/3 activity. The adaptor protein NCK-1 and the small G protein CDC42 connect WASp-mediated DGKα inhibition to SAP and the TCR signalosome. In primary human T cells, this new signalling pathway is necessary for a full response in terms of IL-2 production, while minimally affecting TCR signalling and restimulation-induced cell death. Conversely, in T cells made resistant to RICD by SAP silencing, the enhanced DAG signalling due to DGKα inhibition is sufficient to restore apoptosis sensitivity.ConclusionWe discover a novel signalling pathway where, upon strong TCR activation, the complex between WASp and DGKα blocks DGKα activity, allowing a full cytokine response.
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- 2023
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49. Esophageal Cancer with Early Onset in a Patient with Cri du Chat Syndrome
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Cesare Danesino, Monica Gualtierotti, Matteo Origi, Angelina Cistaro, Michela Malacarne, Matteo Massidda, Katia Bencardino, Domenico Coviello, Giovanni Albani, Irene Giovanna Schiera, Alexandra Liava, and Andrea Guala
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Cri du Chat syndrome ,esophageal adenocarcinoma ,whole exome analysis ,brain PET ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: In Cri du Chat (CdC), cancer as comorbidity is extremely rare. In databases from Denmark, Spain, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan, no cancer was reported; in Italy and Germany, four cancers were identified out of 321 CdCs. Methods: In a 29-year-old CdC patient, clinical investigations following hematemesis led to the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). A high pain threshold was also observed. Conventional and molecular cytogenetic defined the size of the deletion, and exome analysis on the trio completed the molecular work. Results: Cytogenetic analysis showed a de novo chromosomal alteration: 46,XY,ishdel(5)(p14.3)(D5S28-) and arr[GRCh37] 5p15.33p14.3(1498180_19955760)x1. A quantitative sensory test demonstrated a high heat threshold. A 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/TC scan of the brain failed to detect reduction of metabolism in the somatosensory area or insular cortex. Exome analysis in the trio (patient and parents) failed to identify variants to be interpreted as a likely risk factor for EAC. Conclusion: We conclude that the presence of well-known risk factors (maleness, obesity, gastroesophageal reflux, and Barrett’s metaplasia) in a patient with very limited capability of expressing discomfort or referring clinical symptoms have been the main risk factors for developing EAC. At present, based on the available data, there is no evidence of any increased risk of developing cancer in CdC patients.
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- 2023
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50. Ruthenium(II)-Arene Curcuminoid Complexes as Photosensitizer Agents for Antineoplastic and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Insights
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Emanuela Marras, Camilla J. Balacchi, Viviana Orlandi, Enrico Caruso, Maurizio F. Brivio, Fabrizio Bolognese, Maristella Mastore, Miryam C. Malacarne, Miriam Rossi, Francesco Caruso, Veronica Vivona, Nicole Ferrario, and Marzia B. Gariboldi
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PDT ,aPDT ,ruthenium(II)-arene curcuminoids ,colon cancer cell lines ,Galleria mellonella ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an anticancer/antibacterial strategy in which photosensitizers (PSs), light, and molecular oxygen generate reactive oxygen species and induce cell death. PDT presents greater selectivity towards tumor cells than conventional chemotherapy; however, PSs have limitations that have prompted the search for new molecules featuring more favorable chemical–physical characteristics. Curcumin and its derivatives have been used in PDT. However, low water solubility, rapid metabolism, interference with other drugs, and low stability limit curcumin use. Chemical modifications have been proposed to improve curcumin activity, and metal-based PSs, especially ruthenium(II) complexes, have attracted considerable attention. This study aimed to characterize six Ru(II)-arene curcuminoids for anticancer and/or antibacterial PDT. The hydrophilicity, photodegradation rates, and singlet oxygen generation of the compounds were evaluated. The photodynamic effects on human colorectal cancer cell lines were also assessed, along with the ability of the compounds to induce ROS production, apoptotic, necrotic, and/or autophagic cell death. Overall, our encouraging results indicate that the Ru(II)-arene curcuminoid derivatives are worthy of further investigation and could represent an interesting option for cancer PDT. Additionally, the lack of significant in vivo toxicity on the larvae of Galleria mellonella is an important finding. Finally, the photoantimicrobial activity of HCurc I against Gram-positive bacteria is indeed promising.
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- 2023
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