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Monovarietal extra virgin olive oils from 3 major Turkish cultivars (Gemlik, Ayvalik, Memecik) and 1 Slovenian cultivar (Bianchera) were analysed by standard and presaturation proton NMR experiments. In the latter method, signals arising from major lipid fractions upfield of 5.6 ppm were suppressed and, compared to standard proton experiment, considerable improvement was achieved in the intensities of the signals downfield of 5.6 ppm. For each sample, specific data sets were achieved by replacing the 0.04-ppm integration buckets in the region of 5.6-10.0 ppm of standard proton spectra with that of presaturation experiment values. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that olive oils of different olive cultivars could be effectively classified based on their one-dimensional proton NMR profiles. The buckets containing the signals belonging to protons of aldehydes (9.0-10.0 ppm), phenolic compounds (6.0-7.0 ppm), terpenes (4.0-5.0 ppm) and diacylglycerols (3.8-4.2 ppm) were the major discriminants of the oils used in the study.

Pyrimidine derivatives and their nucleosides have great biological significance because they exhibit a wide range of antiviral and anticancer activities. Some uracil and pyrimidinone derivatives substituted at C-5 or C-6 position have emerged in the field of antiviral chemotherapy. The pronounced biological activities exhibited by this class of compounds led us to synthesize the new type of C-6 alkylated pyrimidine derivatives and to evaluate their cytostatic and antiviral activities.1 Among all compounds evaluated, the compound containing a 2-hydroxy-3, 3, 3-trifluoro-1-propenyl side chain exhibited a pronounced effect against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), while the compound with a 2-fluoromethyl-2-acetoxypropyl chain exhibited moderate effect against cervical carcinoma (HeLa).2 A new series of the uracil derivatives (Figure) with an acyclic side chain at the C-6 position were synthesized using lithiation of the 5, 6-dimethyl pyrimidine derivative and subsequent nucleophilic addition or substitution reactions of the organolithium intermediate thus obtained with fluorinated ketones and fluorinated esters. Conformational properties of the novel fluorinated pyrimidine derivatives were assessed with the use of 1D difference NOE enhancements and C-F coupling constants. The compounds will be evaluated for their cytostatic and antiviral activities. 1) Raić-Malić, S. et al., Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids. 23 (2004) 1707. 2) Prekupec, S. et al., Antiviral Chem. & Chemother. 16 (2005) 327.

Pyrimidine derivatives and their nucleosides have great biological significance because they exhibit a wide range of antiviral and anticancer activities. The pronounced biological activities exhibited by this class of compounds led us to synthesize the new type of C-6 alkylated pyrimidine derivatives and to evaluate their cytostatic and antiviral activities.1 Among all compounds evaluated, the compound containing a 2-hydroxy-3, 3, 3-trifluoro-1-propenyl side chain exhibited a pronounced effect against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), while the compound with a 2-fluoromethyl-2-acetoxypropyl chain exhibited moderate effect against cervical carcinoma (HeLa).2 A new series of the uracil derivatives with an acyclic side chain at the C-6 position was synthesized using lithiation of the 5, 6-dimethyl pyrimidine derivative and subsequent nucleophilic addition or substitution reactions of the organolithium intermediate thus obtained with fluorinated ketones and fluorinated esters. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cytostatic and antiviral activities.

The synthetic route for introduction of a fluoroalkyl (7-12, 14), fluoroalkenyl (16 and 17), fluorophenylalkyl (18, 20, 21 and 23) and fluorophenylalkenyl (19, 22) side chain at C-6 of the pyrimidine involved the lithiation of the pyrimidine derivatives 3 and 3a and subsequent nucleophilic addition or substitution reactions of the organolithium intermediate thus obtained with various electrophiles (Figure).1 Conformational properties of the novel fluorinated pyrimidine derivatives were assessed by the use of 1D difference NOE enhancements and C-F coupling constants. The novel compounds were evaluated for their antiviral and cytostatic activities. Of all compounds evaluated, the 5-bromopyrimidine derivatives 5 and 6 showed the highest inhibitory activities. Among the series of fluoroalkylated pyrimidines that is generally more active than the series of fluorophenylalkylated pyrimidines, compounds 8 and 14 displayed moderate cytostatic activities against the tested tumor cell lines. Compounds 6, 8 and 15a are worth considering for further development because they afforded a limited specific activity against varicella zoster virus (VZV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) at a  10-fold lower concentration than that required for cytotoxicity. 1. Raić-Malić, S., et al., Nucl. Nucl. & Nucl. Acids 2004, 23, 1707 ; Johayem, A., Raić-Malić, S., et al., Chemistry&Biodiversity 2006, 3, 274 ; Prekupec, S., Raić-Malić, S., et al., Antiviral Chem. & Chemother. 2005, 16, 327.