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The article deals with issues related to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere during the operation of sowing machine and tractor units. To identify ways to reduce CO2 emissions, computational experiments were conducted using a mathematical model of sowing units compiled according to the efficiency indicator. This is the integral emission of carbon dioxide as the sum of CO2 in the manufacture, maintenance, repair, control of the unit, when burning fuel and the amount of CO2 not absorbed from the atmosphere during the formation of the grain crop due to its losses from improperly selected equipment and its parameters. The influence of a number of factors on the integral emission of CO2 is investigated. These are the area of the treated area or field, the specific resistance of the planter, the volume of seasonal load on the unit, the annual load of the tractor in hours, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, the pressure in the tires of the wheel propulsion engines, etc. Effective values of factors for reducing the emission of carbon dioxide by the sowing unit are revealed. The use of the totality of all the recommendations received will reduce the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by the aggregate during the technological operation of direct sowing of grain crops by 600-650 kg/ha.

The article discusses the effect of air supply (excess air coefficient) on the effective performance of the engine of a machine-tractor unit with an unsteady load. The analysis of the influence of unsteady load on the engine performance of the machine-tractor unit (MTU) is given. Theoretical studies are presented to determine the effective performance of the MTU engine under unsteady load and their comparative analysis with the results of experimental data. This is necessary to verify the adequacy of theoretical dependencies with the results of experimental studies.