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130 results on '"Mailland, F."'

1. Precision Charge Control for Isolated Free-Falling Test Masses: LISA Pathfinder Results

Author

Armano, M., Audley, H., Baird, J., Binetruy, P., Born, M., Bortoluzzi, D., Castelli, E., Cavalleri, A., Cesarini, A., Cruise, A. M., Danzmann, K., Silva, M. de Deus, Diepholz, I., Dixon, G., Dolesi, R., Ferraioli, L., Ferroni, V., Fitzsimons, E. D., Freschi, M., Gesa, L., Giardini, D., Gibert, F., Giusteri, R., Grimani, C., Grzymisch, J., Harrison, I., Heinzel, G., Hewitson, M., Hollington, D., Hoyland, D., Hueller, M., Inchauspé, H., Jennrich, O., Jetzer, P., Karnesis, N., Kaune, B., Korsakova, N., Killow, C. J., Liu, L., Lloro, I., Lobo, J. A., López-Zaragoza, J. P., Maarschalkerweerd, R., Mailland, F., Mance, D., Martín, V., Martin-Polo, L., Martin-Porqueras, F., Martino, J., Mateos, I., McNamara, P. W., Mendes, J., Mendes, L., Meshskar, N., Nofrarias, M., Paczkowski, S., Perreur-Lloyd, M., Petiteau, A., Pfeil, M., Pivato, P., Plagnol, E., Ramos-Castro, J., Reiche, J., Robertson, D. I., Rivas, F., Russano, G., Santoruvo, G., Sarra, P., Shaul, D., Slutsky, J., Sopuerta, C. F., Sumner, T., Texier, D., Thorpe, J. I., Trenkel, C., Vetrugno, D., Vitale, S., Wanner, G., Ward, H., Waschke, S., Wass, P. J., Weber, W. J., Wissel, L., Wittchen, A., and Zweifel, P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The LISA Pathfinder charge management device was responsible for neutralising the cosmic ray induced electric charge that inevitably accumulated on the free-falling test masses at the heart of the experiment. We present measurements made on ground and in-flight that quantify the performance of this contactless discharge system which was based on photo-emission under UV illumination. In addition, a two-part simulation is described that was developed alongside the hardware. Modelling of the absorbed UV light within the Pathfinder sensor was carried out with the GEANT4 software toolkit and a separate MATLAB charge transfer model calculated the net photocurrent between the test masses and surrounding housing in the presence of AC and DC electric fields. We confront the results of these models with observations and draw conclusions for the design of discharge systems for future experiments like LISA that will also employ free-falling test masses.

Published
2018
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7. Ciclopirox vs amorolfine: in vitro penetration into and permeation through human healthy nails of commercial nail lacquers

Author

Monti, D., silvia tampucci, Chetoni, P., Burgalassi, S., and Mailland, F.

Subjects
Antifungal Agents, Nails, Pyridones, Administration, Topical, Morpholines, Fungi, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Ciclopirox, In Vitro Techniques, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Permeability
Abstract

One of the pre-requisite for a successful topical antifungal drug indicated for onychomycosis is its bioavailability into the nail unit for achieving fungal eradication and clinical benefit. The aim of this study was to compare in vitro permeation/penetration through and into human nails of amorolfine (MRF) from a 5% anhydrous commercial formulation (Loceryl®) and ciclopirox (CPX) from the 8% aqueous formulation in hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCH) technology (Onytec®). The ability of the active ingredient to reach efficacious concentrations to inhibit nail pathogens was also evaluated. The amounts of drug permeated and retained in human healthy nails were determined using a suitably modified diffusion apparatus. HPLC analysis of the samples was performed. The HPCH-based CPX formulation demonstrated an efficient penetration into and permeation through the nail plates. Conversely, Loceryl® produced an amount of MRF permeated through and penetrated into the human toenails significantly lower than CPX. The evaluation of the efficacy index showed a higher potential efficacy of Onytec® with respect to Loceryl® on nail pathogens. The present work not only reinforced the previous results on different experimental substrates, but pointed out the superiority of HPCH-based Onytec® formulation containing CPX with respect to Loceryl® commercial product with MRF, both in terms of higher permeation through and penetration into the human nail, and for the efficacy towards the most common ungual pathogens.

Published
2014

17. Hydrosoluble medicated nail lacquers: in vitro drug permeation and corresponding antimycotic activity

Author

Monti, Daniela, Saccomani, L, Chetoni, Patrizia, Burgalassi, Susi, Senesi, S, Ghelardi, Emilia, and Mailland, F.

Subjects
Hoof and Claw, Antifungal Agents, Pyridones, Administration, Topical, Morpholines, Ciclopirox, Permeability, Absorption, Lacquer, Pharmaceutical Solutions, Nails, Solubility, Onychomycosis, Animals, Humans, Regression Analysis, Cattle, Pharmaceutical Vehicles
Abstract

Two nail lacquers, containing ciclopirox (CPX) or amorolfine (MRF), based on water-insoluble polymers are currently considered mainstays of topical treatment of onychomycosis. The present study aimed at evaluating the antimycotic activity of a new water-soluble nail lacquer containing CPX (CPX/sol), easily removable by washing with water and applicable to periungual skin.To compare transungual permeation of CPX with that of MRF in the same hydroxypropyl chitosan-based nail lacquer (MRF/sol) and with a nonwater-soluble reference (Loceryl); Galderma International, La Défense, France), and to evaluate the antimycotic activity of CPX/sol and Loceryl against the most common fungal strains that cause onychomycosis. Methods In vitro drug permeation experiments with CPX/sol, MRF/sol and Loceryl were carried out through bovine hoof slices. Experimental permeates from CPX/sol and Loceryl underwent in vitro susceptibility testing against clinical isolates of dermatophytes, moulds and yeast. Results MRF transungual flux from MRF/sol lacquer was significantly higher when compared with Loceryl. CPX was able to permeate hoof membranes more easily compared with MRF. CPX and MRF concentrations in the subungual fluids collected after application of CPX/sol or Loceryl were sufficient to inhibit fungal growth, with the exception of Candida parapsilosis. Smaller amounts of fluid containing CPX were required for complete inhibition of fungal growth. Efficacy index values were significantly higher for CPX/sol. Conclusions Application of the CPX/sol nail lacquer allows rapid nail penetration of CPX, providing CPX levels sufficient to inhibit fungal growth for a prolonged period of time (30 h) after application of lacquer dose. CPX/sol nail lacquer appeared superior to the market reference Loceryl in terms of both vehicle (hydroxypropyl chitosan) and active ingredient (CPX) as witnessed by its higher efficacy on all nail pathogens.

Published
2009

40. Effect of dihydroergokryptine administration on serum prolactin and growth hormone levels in normal, hyperprolactinaemic and acromegalic subjects: Evidence of potent and long-lasting pituitary dopamine receptor stimulation.

Author

Ferrari, C., Rampini, P., Paracchi, A., Boghen, M., and Mailland, F.

Abstract

The endocrine effects of a relatively potent dopaminergic agent, dihydroergokryptine, have been studied in normal subjects, and in hyperprolactinaemic and acromegalic patients. A single 6 mg oral dose of the drug caused a marked, long lasting fall in prolactin (PRL) plasma levels in healthy subjects, in hyperprolactinaemic patients and in normoprolactinaemic acromegalics. Growth hormone (GH) levels decreased in l-DOPA - responder, acromegalic patients, but dihydroergokryptine did not affect GH levels in normal volunteers or in l-DOPA non - responder, acromegalic patients. The PRL-and GH- lowering activity of 6 mg dihydroergokriptine was significantly greater than that of 6 mg dihydroergocristine, and was similar to that of an oral dose of 500 mg l-DOPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1984
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41. Effect of dihydroergocristine administration on serum prolactin and growth hormone levels in normal, hyperprolactinaemic, and acromegalic subjects: further evidence for pituitary dopamine deficiency in these conditions

Author

Ferrari, C., Romussi, M., Benco, R., Rampini, P., and Mailland, F.

Abstract

Abstract. To evaluate further the pharmacological properties of dihydroergocristine in vivo, this drug (6 mg) or a placebo were administered orally on separate days to 11 healthy controls, 11 patients with adenomatous (n = 4) or idiopathic hyperprolactinaemia (n = 7), and 5 acromegalics with raised serum prolactin levels; serum prolactin (Prl) and growth hormone (GH) were measured at hourly intervals for 6 h. Dihydroergocristine induced a significant Prl decrease versus placebo in hyperprolactinaemics and acromegalics, but had no effect in healthy subjects. GH levels did not change in normals and hyperprolactinaemics, but decreased significantly in acromegalics. The Prl decrease induced by dihydroergocristine was significantly lower than that induced by l-dopa (500 mg po) in 9 hyperprolactinaemics so tested. Nomifensine (200 mg po) administered to 7 hyperprolactinaemics had no effect. Similarly, the GH decrease induced by the drug in acromegalics was significantly lower than that exerted by l-dopa, while nomifensine had no effect. Five hyperprolactinaemic patients were also given 12–18 mg dihydroergocristine daily for 3 months. There was evidence of partial or total Prl suppression and resumption of menses in all patients. These data indicate that dihydroergocristine is a relatively weak dopamine agonist at pituitary level and that oral doses, insufficient to exert Prl-lowering activity in normal subjects, are able to inhibit Prl and GH release in hyperprolactinaemics and dopamine-responsive acromegalics. These findings further support the existence of a 'denervation' supersensitivity to dopamine in these conditions, in which dopamine deficiency at pituitary level has been suggested on the basis of other experiments.

Published
1983
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49. Evaluation of the mutagenicity of a-dihydroergocryptine in vitro and in vivo

Author

Adams K, Ja, Allen, Pc, Brooker, Jones E, Raymond Proudlock, Mailland F, and Coppi G

Subjects
Male, Salmonella typhimurium, Micronucleus Tests, DNA Repair, Mutagenicity Tests, Bone Marrow Cells, Dihydroergotoxine, CHO Cells, DNA, In Vitro Techniques, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Bone Marrow, Genes, Bacterial, Cricetinae, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Female, DNA Damage, Mutagens
Abstract

The mutagenic potential of the ergot alkaloid a-dihydroergocryptine (a-DEC, CAS 14271-05-7) was assessed in a series of 5 assays designed to measure gene mutation, chromosomal damage and primary DNA damage. All tests were carried out in accordance with appropriate EEC and OECD Guidelines. No indications of mutagenic potential were observed in any of the assays.

50. Genotoxicity testing of pidotimod in vitro and in vivo

Author

Adams, K., Allen, J. A., Brooker, P. C., Henderson, L., Jones, E., Raymond Proudlock, Mailland, F., and Coppi, G.

Subjects
Chromosome Aberrations, Salmonella typhimurium, Erythrocytes, Micronucleus Tests, DNA Repair, Mutagenicity Tests, Bone Marrow Cells, CHO Cells, In Vitro Techniques, Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid, Rats, Mice, Thiazoles, Bone Marrow, Cricetinae, Animals, Humans, Thiazolidines, Cells, Cultured, HeLa Cells, Mutagens
Abstract

The mutagenic potential of pidotimod ((R)-3-[(S)-(5-oxo-2- pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl]-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, PGT/1A, CAS 121808-62-6) was assessed in a series of five assays designed to measure gene mutation, chromosomal damage and primary DNA damage. All tests were carried out in accordance with appropriate EEC and OECD Guidelines. No indications of mutagenic potential were observed in any of the assays.

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