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The overuse of antibiotics is losing its effectiveness due to increased antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Over the last two decades, the evaluation of antibiotic residues in the environment has greatly attracted the attention of researchers around the world. The more new groups of antibiotics were validated to use in medical treatment, the more antibiotic residues were discharged into the environment. In this work, a combined SPE-UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneously analyzing 9 antibiotic compounds belonging 3 different groups which are tetracyclines (tetracycline – TET, chlortetracycline – CHL, oxytetracycline – OXY), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin – CIP, norfloxacin – NOR, ofloxacin – OFL) and macrolides (azithromycin – AZI, erythromycin – ERY, clarithromycin – CLA) in surface water. All target analytes were separated on a reversed-phase column (Water BEH C18 column, 1.7 µm particle size, 100 x 2.1 mm) coupled with a mass in tandem employing positive electrospray ionization (+ESI). All target analytes were well separated with an overall run time of 16 minutes. The limit of detection was from 0.2 to 10 µg L-1. The extraction process has been successfully optimized using the HLB column (Oasis, 6mL, 200mg, Waters) with recoveries from 71 to 125%. The optimized method was finally applied to analyze ten surface water samples (lake and river). OFL, CLA, and ERY were most found in lake samples at concentrations from 35 – 570.3 ng.L-1 while only CIP was found in all river samples. The other compounds were also detected in both types of samples but the concentrations were lower than the quantification limit.

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Table S1: BROCA-HR gene list Table S2: Best Response, TTP, OS in Patients with HR-DDR Defects

Purpose:PARP inhibitors synergize with topoisomerase inhibitors, and veliparib plus modified (m) FOLFIRI (no 5-FU bolus) had preliminary activity in metastatic pancreatic cancers. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of second-line treatment with veliparib and mFOLFIRI versus FOLFIRI (control) for metastatic pancreatic cancer.Patients and Methods:This randomized phase II clinical trial led by the SWOG Cancer Research Network enrolled patients between September 1, 2016 and December 13, 2017. The median follow-up was 9 months (IQR 1–27). BRCA1/2 and homologous recombination DNA damage repair (HR-DDR) genetic defects were tested in blood and tumor biopsies. Patients received veliparib 200 mg twice daily, days 1–7 with mFOLFIRI days 3–5, or FOLFIRI in 14-day cycles.Results:After 123 of planned 143 patients were accrued, an interim futility analysis indicated that the veliparib arm was unlikely to be superior to control, and the study was halted. Median overall survival (OS) was 5.4 versus 6.5 months (HR, 1.23; P = 0.28), and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.1 versus 2.9 months (HR, 1.39; P = 0.09) with veliparib versus control. Grade 3/4 toxicities were more common with veliparib (69% vs. 58%, P = 0.23). For cancers with HR-DDR defects versus wild-type, median PFS and OS were 7.3 versus 2.5 months (P = 0.05) and 10.1 versus 5.9 months (P = 0.17), respectively, with FOLFIRI, and 2.0 versus 2.1 months (P = 0.62) and 7.4 versus 5.1 months (P = 0.10), respectively, with veliparib plus mFOLFIRI.Conclusions:Veliparib plus mFOLFIRI did not improve survival for metastatic pancreatic cancer. FOLFIRI should be further studied in pancreatic cancers with HR-DDR defects.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the rates of adverse clinical outcomes, including all-cause mortality, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, myocardial infarction, and stroke, in patients newly diagnosed with HF to provide a comprehensive picture of HF burden. Methods: This was a retrospective and observational study, using the BIG-PAC database in Spain. Adults, newly diagnosed with HF between January 2013 and September 2019 with ≥1 HF-free year of enrolment prior to HF diagnosis, were included. Results: A total of 19,961 patients were newly diagnosed with HF (43.5% with reduced ejection fraction (EF), 26.3% with preserved EF, 5.1% with mildly reduced EF, and 25.1% with unknown EF). The mean age was 69.7 ± 19.0 years; 53.8% were men; and 41.0% and 41.5% of patients were in the New York Heart Association functional classes II and III, respectively. The baseline HF treatments included beta-blockers (70.1%), renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (56.3%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (11.8%), and SGLT2 inhibitors (8.9%). The post-index incidence rates of all-cause mortality, HF hospitalization, and both combined were 102.2 (95% CI 99.9–104.5), 123.1 (95% CI 120.5–125.7), and 182 (95% CI 178.9–185.1) per 1000 person-years, respectively. The rates of myocardial infarction and stroke were lower (26.2 [95% CI 25.1–27.4] and 19.8 [95% CI 18.8–20.8] per 1000 person-years, respectively). Conclusions: In Spain, patients newly diagnosed with HF have a high risk of clinical outcomes. Specifically, the rates of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization are high and substantially greater than the rates of myocardial infarction and stroke. Given the burden of adverse outcomes, these should be considered targets in the comprehensive management of HF. There is much room for improving the proportion of patients receiving disease-modifying therapies.

Purpose: PARP inhibitors synergize with topoisomerase inhibitors, and veliparib plus modified (m) FOLFIRI (no 5-FU bolus) had preliminary activity in metastatic pancreatic cancers. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of second-line treatment with veliparib and mFOLFIRI versus FOLFIRI (control) for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Patients and Methods: This randomized phase II clinical trial led by the SWOG Cancer Research Network enrolled patients between September 1, 2016 and December 13, 2017. The median follow-up was 9 months (IQR 1–27). BRCA1/2 and homologous recombination DNA damage repair (HR-DDR) genetic defects were tested in blood and tumor biopsies. Patients received veliparib 200 mg twice daily, days 1–7 with mFOLFIRI days 3–5, or FOLFIRI in 14-day cycles. Results: After 123 of planned 143 patients were accrued, an interim futility analysis indicated that the veliparib arm was unlikely to be superior to control, and the study was halted. Median overall survival (OS) was 5.4 versus 6.5 months (HR, 1.23; P = 0.28), and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.1 versus 2.9 months (HR, 1.39; P = 0.09) with veliparib versus control. Grade 3/4 toxicities were more common with veliparib (69% vs. 58%, P = 0.23). For cancers with HR-DDR defects versus wild-type, median PFS and OS were 7.3 versus 2.5 months (P = 0.05) and 10.1 versus 5.9 months (P = 0.17), respectively, with FOLFIRI, and 2.0 versus 2.1 months (P = 0.62) and 7.4 versus 5.1 months (P = 0.10), respectively, with veliparib plus mFOLFIRI. Conclusions: Veliparib plus mFOLFIRI did not improve survival for metastatic pancreatic cancer. FOLFIRI should be further studied in pancreatic cancers with HR-DDR defects.

Through globalization, the demand for high-quality education is increasing significantly, leading to rising competition among universities and colleges for enhancing educational services and attracting more students to enroll. Meanwhile, students are always looking for and demanding the most proper environments to experience education and have the foundation to find a job after graduation. This need leads to the tendency that education becomes a service that benefits both private education enterprises and their potential customers. Nevertheless, the private institutions might not have the reputation and sponsorship from the government as public universities. Therefore, the importance of studying the determinants of student satisfaction with the quality of services provided is increasingly essential and required for private educational institutions. This research aims to propose a research model in calculating the level of student satisfaction with the facility service quality in private institutions. This study was conducted using a questionnaire to survey 221 students of the FPT University Da Nang campus in the Fall semester of 2020. This research attempts to examine the relationship between facility service quality and student satisfaction, along with investigating the key factors in the aspects of service quality that contribute significantly to student satisfaction. The findings of this study identify the factors and the impact degree of these factors on student satisfaction of facility service quality in private universities.

What are the emotional effects of infertility on patients, partners, or both, and how can qualitative thematic analyses and natural language processing (NLP) help evaluate textual data?A cross-sectional, multi-country survey conducted between March 2019 and May 2019. A total of 1944 patients, partners, or both, from nine countries responded to the open-ended question asking about their initial feelings related to an infertility diagnosis. A mixed-method approach that integrated NLP topic modelling and thematic analyses was used to analyse responses. Sentiment polarity was quantified for each response. Linear regression evaluated the association between patient characteristics and sentiment negativity.Common emotional reactions to infertility diagnoses were sadness, depression, stress, disappointment, anxiety, frustration, confusion and loss of self-confidence. NLP topic modelling found additional reactions, i.e. shared feelings with partners, recollections about causes of infertility and treatment experience. Responses to the open-ended question were brief (median: three words) with 71.8% conveying negative sentiments. Some respondent characteristics showed small but significant associations with sentiment negativity, i.e. country (Spain, China and France were more negative than the USA, P0.001, P0.003 and P0.009 respectively), treatment engagement (no treatment was more negative than one or more treatment, P = 0.027) and marital status (missing/other was more negative than divorced, P = 0.003).Infertility diagnoses create an emotional burden for patients and partners. The mixed-method approach provides a compelling synergy in support of the validity of these findings and shows potential for these techniques in future research.

Objective The optimal neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and the impact on surgical outcomes remains unclear. Methods S1505 (NCT02562716) was a randomized phase II study of perioperative chemotherapy with mFOLFIRINOX (Arm 1) or gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Arm 2). Measured parameters included resection rate, margin positivity, pathologic response, and toxicity. Results Between 2015 and 2018, 147 patients were randomized. Of these, 44 (30%) were deemed ineligible (43 by central review). Of the 103 eligible patients, 77 (76%) completed preoperative therapy and underwent surgery; reasons patients did not undergo surgery included toxicity related to preoperative therapy (n = 9), progression (n = 9), or other (n = 7). Of the 77, 73 (95%) underwent successful resection; 21 (29%) required vascular reconstruction, 62 (85%) had negative (R0) margins, and 24 (33%) had a complete or major pathologic response to therapy. The grade 3-5 postoperative complication rate was 16%. Of the 73 patients completing surgery, 57 (78%) started and 46 (63%) completed postoperative therapy. This study represents the first prospective trial evaluating modern systemic therapy delivered in a neoadjuvant/perioperative format for resectable PDA. Conclusions We have demonstrated: (1) Based on the high percentage of enrolled, but ineligible patients, it is clear that adherence to strict definitions of resectable PDA is challenging; (2) Patients can tolerate modern systemic therapy and undergo successful surgical resection without prohibitive perioperative complications; (3) Completion of adjuvant therapy in the perioperative format is difficult; (4) Major pathologic response rate of 33% is encouraging.

The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence against serotype O FMD (foot and mouth disease) virus in vaccinated pigs and cattle in Ho Chi Minh City, as a basis to serve the prevention of FMD epidemics in these animals. A total of 535 pigs and 366cattle sera were tested by using the Elisa kit for the detection of serotype O FMD antibody (Pirbright, UK). Results of this study showed that most pig farms had the proportions of positive animals for antibodies against FMDV serotype O which met the requirements of Decision no. 07/2016/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, except Xuan Thoi Thuong, Thai My and Phu My Hung. All sows had high levels of antibodies against serotype O FMD virus. There were no significant differences in the ratios of positive pigs for antibodies against FMDV serotype O among types of pig and age groups. However, there were significant differences in the seroprevalence of vaccinated pigs across herd sizes and days post-vaccination. Meanwhile, the overall seroprevalence of vaccinated cattle against FMDV at individual-level was over 80.00%. No statistical differences were found in the seroprevalence of vaccinated cattle against type OFMDV among regions, types of cattle, herd sizes, age groups and days post-vaccination. In conclusion, pigs raised in farms of Xuan Thoi Thuong, Thai My and Phu My Hung communes should be revaccinated with FMD vaccine to prevent the risk of pigs being infected with FMD virus and reduce the amount of virus produced by an infected animal.

The pandemic has caused several health issues and deaths and numerous severe devastations to the global economy. Due to the extreme impacts of the epidemics, it is crucial to investigate the pandemics and their pessimistically hidden influences to devise proper strategies. However, although this topic gains enormous recognition from scholars and researchers, there is still an inadequacy of a comprehensive literature review on the issues, and in-depth research on individual aspects of the world economy. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to contribute a literature review that synthesises and evaluates prior research, to examine the current state of the pandemic impacts on the global economy, as well as become the requisite foundation for the practitioners to perceive how to respond to a pandemic in the future. A literature review is conducted, with 254 most relevant articles are analysed and classified based on the proposed framework. Thus, the findings of this study contribute diverse theoretical and practical insights concerning pandemics and the global economy. The results of this paper indicate the current status of the literature review and discover future research directions. Additionally, this paper proposes an integrated framework of the most influenced industries, followed by some emerging solutions to the most suffering sectors. Future research directions are further suggested based on the identified research gaps and the analysis results.

Empowered by information technology, the Vietnamese online community is becoming the most progressive and active social group in Vietnam. Using network society theory developed by Manuel Castells, this article investigates the impact of Facebook on the formation of cyber-networks in which internet users access uncensored information and voice their opinions about politics and everyday life. My arguments are based on an analysis of blogs, online discussion groups, and semi-structured interviews with Vietnamese activists, bloggers, and journalists. While the Vietnamese authorities struggle to find ways to control the dynamism of the developing cyber-society, these networks are leading Vietnamese netizens into the habit of using new media such as Facebook to become familiar with the basic values of cyber-democracy.

Background and objectives Deprescribing, the supervised withdrawal of inappropriate medications, intends to manage polypharmacy, which is prevalent in older patients. This study aimed to examine general practitioner (GP) perceptions of communication processes between clinicians in hospital and GPs in the community about deprescribing decisions made in hospital. Method Focus groups and interviews were held with 15 GPs, exploring deprescribing in hospitals, communication of deprescribing information, and the format of communications. Sessions were audio-taped, transcribed and analysed using an inductive approach. Results GPs stated that they should be involved in deprescribing decisions, especially for older complex patients, because of their good knowledge of their patients. Barriers to effective communication included the acute nature of hospital stays and lack of time. Facilitators included long-term relationships of GPs with their patients and engaged patients. GPs preferred communication of deprescribing decisions to be over the telephone while the patient was still in hospital, and with a concise, electronic discharge summary at the time of discharge. GPs indicated that rationale for medication changes and recommended follow-up actions were crucial in a discharge summary to enable care post-discharge. Conclusions GPs welcome increased communication with hospital clinicians regarding deprescribing decisions made while patients are in hospital. Communication needs to be timely, transparent, succinct and accessible. Lack of time and difficulties contacting hospital clinicians challenge this process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Background There are many barriers to deprescribing in the routine care of older inpatients with polypharmacy. Implementation is limited by factors related to clinicians, patients, and the acute care setting. A short (11 min) e-learning module for multidisciplinary hospital clinicians was developed to address two commonly reported barriers: awareness of polypharmacy and self-efficacy in deprescribing. Objectives 1) Describe the level of awareness of polypharmacy and self-efficacy of deprescribing in multi-disciplinary hospital clinicians following completion of an online e-learning module; and 2) describe the immediate impact of an online educational module in awareness and self-efficacy of polypharmacy and deprescribing in senior medical students. Methods A questionnaire was developed and administered to hospital clinicians following completion of the e-learning module. Senior medical students undertook the questionnaire pre- and post-module. Results Overall, 99 hospital clinicians with diverse clinical roles, experience, and ages, and 30 medical students completed the questionnaire. Although most (≥80%) hospital clinicians reported a general awareness of polypharmacy and deprescribing, there was moderate to low current activity in medication review and deprescribing, a perceived lack of role in medication review by junior doctors, and minimal knowledge of deprescribing tools. Use of a previously validated self-efficacy questionnaire showed lowest self-efficacy in domains related to developing deprescribing plans and implementing them. Pre-post analysis of medical student responses found a small statistically significant improvement following viewing the module in awareness of polypharmacy, deprescribing and deprescribing tools, perception of their role in deprescribing, and self-efficacy in planning and implementation of deprescribing decisions. Conclusions Hospital clinicians and senior medical students had limited self-efficacy in deprescribing and hospital clinicians reported they did not deprescribe frequently. Targets for educational and behavioral interventions were identified. A short e-learning module on polypharmacy and deprescribing may be a useful component of a multi-strategic intervention to implement deprescribing into routine inpatient care.