7 results on '"Mahwish Arshad"'
Search Results
2. How Authoritarian Leadership Affects Employee's Helping Behavior? The Mediating Role of Rumination and Moderating Role of Psychological Ownership
- Author
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Muhammad Asim, Liu Zhiying, Muhammad Athar Nadeem, Usman Ghani, Mahwish Arshad, and Xu Yi
- Subjects
authoritarian leadership ,helping behaviors ,rumination ,psychological ownership ,COR theory ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Interpersonal helping behaviors, i.e., voluntarily assisting colleagues for their workplace related problems, have received immense amount of scholarly attention due to their significant impacts on organizational effectiveness. Among several other factors, authoritarian leadership style could influence helping behavior within organizations. Furthermore, this relationship could be mediated by workplace stressor such as rumination, known as a critical psychological health component leading to depressive symptoms, hopelessness and pessimism. In the meantime, less research attention has devoted to probe the crucial role of psychological ownership, which can buffer the adverse effects of authoritarian leadership upon rumination. Building on conservation of resources theory, this study investigates the adverse impacts of authoritarian leadership on employees' helping behaviors through mediating role of rumination, and also examines the moderating effect of psychological ownership between the relationship of authoritarian leadership and rumination. The data were collected from 264 employees in education and banking sectors and the results show: (i) authoritarian leadership has adverse impacts on helping behavior, (ii) rumination mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employees' helping behaviors, and (iii) psychological ownership moderates the positive relationship between authoritarian leadership and rumination. This study concludes that authoritarian leadership has adverse impacts upon helping behavior, which needs to be controlled/minimized. The findings are of great significance for managers, employees, and organizations in terms of policy implications. The limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Facile Synthesis of Functionalized Phenoxy Quinolines: Antibacterial Activities against ESBL Producing Escherichia coli and MRSA, Docking Studies, and Structural Features Determination through Computational Approach
- Author
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Mahwish Arshad, Nasir Rasool, Muhammad Usman Qamar, Syed Adnan Ali Shah, and Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Subjects
4-methyl phenylboronic acid ,Chan–Lam coupling ,antibacterial activity ,molecular docking ,NLO properties ,1H NMR comparison ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The synthesis of new 6-Bromoquinolin-4-ol derivatives (3a–3h) by Chan–Lam coupling utilizing different types of solvents (protic, aprotic, and mixed solvents) and bases was studied in the present manuscript. Furthermore, their potential against ESBL producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) were investigated. Commercially available 6-bromoquinolin-4-ol (3a) was reacted with different types of aryl boronic acids along with Cu(OAc)2 via Chan–Lam coupling methodology utilizing the protic and aprotic and mixed solvents. The molecules (3a–3h) exhibited very good yields with methanol, moderate yields with DMF, and low yields with ethanol solvents, while the mixed solvent CH3OH/H2O (8:1) gave more excellent results as compared to the other solvents. The in vitro antiseptic values against ESBL E. coli and MRSA were calculated at five different deliberations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mg/well) by agar well diffusion method. The molecule 3e depicted highest antibacterial activity while compounds 3b and 3d showed low antibacterial activity. Additionally, MIC and MBC standards were calculated against the established bacteria by broth dilution method. Furthermore, a molecular docking investigation of the derivatives (3a–3h) were performed. Compound (3e) was highly active and depicted the least binding energy of −5.4. Moreover, to investigate the essential structural and physical properties, the density functional theory (DFT) findings of the synthesized molecules were accomplished by using the basic set PBE0-D3BJ/def2-TZVP/SMD water level of the theory. The synthesized compounds showed an energy gap from 4.93 to 5.07 eV.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Palladium(0) Catalyzed Synthesis of (E)-4-Bromo-N-((3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)-2-methylaniline Derivatives via Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction: An Exploration of Their Non-Linear Optical Properties, Reactivity and Structural Features
- Author
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Komal Rizwan, Nasir Rasool, Muhammad Ali Hashmi, Sadia Noreen, Muhammad Zubair, Mahwish Arshad, and Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Subjects
suzuki coupling ,cross-coupling ,palladium ,transition metal ,imines ,anilines ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
A series of (E)-4-bromo-N-((3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)-2-methylaniline analogs synthesized in considerable yields through Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. Various electron donating and withdrawing functional moieties were successfully incorporated under the employed reaction conditions. Reaction of 4-bromo-2-methylaniline (1) with 3-bromothiophene-2-carbaldehyde (2b) in the existence of glacial acetic acid, provided (E)-4-bromo-N-((3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)-2-methylaniline (3b) in excellent yield (94%). Suzuki coupling of 3b with different boronic acids in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4/K3PO4 at 90 °C led to the synthesis of the monosubstituted and bisubstituted products 5a–5d and 6a–6d in moderate yields (33–40% and 31–46%, respectively). Density functional theory (DFT) investigations were performed on different synthesized analogues 5a–5d, 6a–6d to determine their structural characteristics. The calculations provide insight into the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) of the imine-based analogues and their molecular electrostatic potential (MESP). Reactivity descriptors like ionization energy (I), electron affinity (A), chemical hardness (ƞ) and index of nucleophilicity have been calculated for the first time for the synthesized molecules.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. How Authoritarian Leadership Affects Employee's Helping Behavior? The Mediating Role of Rumination and Moderating Role of Psychological Ownership
- Author
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Mahwish Arshad, Muhammad Athar Nadeem, Muhammad Asim, Liu Zhiying, Usman Ghani, and Xu Yi
- Subjects
Authoritarian leadership style ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Stressor ,rumination ,Helping behavior ,Interpersonal communication ,Pessimism ,authoritarian leadership ,BF1-990 ,Psychological health ,psychological ownership ,Rumination ,medicine ,Psychology ,helping behaviors ,medicine.symptom ,Organizational effectiveness ,COR theory ,Social psychology ,General Psychology ,Original Research ,media_common - Abstract
Interpersonal helping behaviors, i.e., voluntarily assisting colleagues for their workplace related problems, have received immense amount of scholarly attention due to their significant impacts on organizational effectiveness. Among several other factors, authoritarian leadership style could influence helping behavior within organizations. Furthermore, this relationship could be mediated by workplace stressor such as rumination, known as a critical psychological health component leading to depressive symptoms, hopelessness and pessimism. In the meantime, less research attention has devoted to probe the crucial role of psychological ownership, which can buffer the adverse effects of authoritarian leadership upon rumination. Building on conservation of resources theory, this study investigates the adverse impacts of authoritarian leadership on employees' helping behaviors through mediating role of rumination, and also examines the moderating effect of psychological ownership between the relationship of authoritarian leadership and rumination. The data were collected from 264 employees in education and banking sectors and the results show: (i) authoritarian leadership has adverse impacts on helping behavior, (ii) rumination mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and employees' helping behaviors, and (iii) psychological ownership moderates the positive relationship between authoritarian leadership and rumination. This study concludes that authoritarian leadership has adverse impacts upon helping behavior, which needs to be controlled/minimized. The findings are of great significance for managers, employees, and organizations in terms of policy implications. The limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
- Published
- 2021
6. Corrigendum to 'Auditing secondary prevention prescribing following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)' [Int. J. Surg. 11 (2013) 612]
- Author
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Kapil Sugand and Mahwish Arshad
- Subjects
Secondary prevention ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bypass grafting ,business.industry ,medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Audit ,business ,Artery - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Auditing secondary prevention prescribing following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
- Author
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Kapil Sugand and Mahwish Arshad
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mitral valve replacement ,General Medicine ,Audit ,Guideline ,Readability ,Surgery ,Coronary artery bypass surgery ,MedlinePlus ,medicine ,Physical therapy ,cardiovascular diseases ,Medical prescription ,business ,Competence (human resources) ,internet.website ,internet - Abstract
s / International Journal of Surgery 11 (2013) 589e685 612 ABSTRACTS reliability 28.89%( 29.24), total 42.86%( 10.72). The results show that the websites were, on average, more difficult to read than the two newspapers The Sun (GFI1⁄48.8, FRES1⁄470.8) and The Financial Times (GFI1⁄412.51, FRES1⁄454.29). Conclusion: The results were accessible, useable and reliable. Internet information on tricuspid valve replacement required a relatively high level of education and reading competence to understand. The best three websites for educating patients about tricuspid valve replacement are: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002954.htm http://www.heartattackgo.net/tricuspid-valve-repair-replacement-andsurgery/ http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/heart_vascular_institute/conditions_ treatments/treatments/valve_tricuspid.html 0379: AUDITING SECONDARY PREVENTION PRESCRIBING FOLLOWING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING (CABG) Mahwish Arshad , Kapil Sugand . 1 St. George's University of London, London, UK; 2 St. George's Hospital, London, UK. Aim: This audit aims to monitor adherence to guidelines regarding prescribing of secondary prevention drug therapy for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) patients at St. George's Hospital. Method: The 2011 ACCF/AHA guidelines on CABG recommend that all post-operative CABG patients are given Aspirin, Statins, Beta-blockers and ACE-inhibitors/Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) upon discharge. An audit was carried out at St. George's Hospital during September 2012. Discharge summaries of 100 CABG patients, between June and August 2012, were viewed to identify prescribed guideline-recommended medication and reasons for any omission. Results: Only 35% of patients were prescribed all four recommended drugs, whereas the remaining were prescribed three or less. 73% of females and 59% of males were not prescribed the full drug therapy. The prescribing rate of Antiplatelets, Statins, Beta-blockers and ACE-inhibitors/ ARBs were 87%, 90%, 86% and 52% respectively. 33% of patients who were not prescribed ACE-inhibitors had documented instructions to their GP to re-introduce the drug. However, reasons for omission were documented for only 25% of these patients. Conclusion: There is considerable room for improvement in the prescribing of ACE-inhibitors/ARBs as well as the documenting of reasons behind omission. A recommended minimum blood pressure may be necessary in withholding ACE-inhibitors/ARBs. 0384: THE QUALITY OF ONLINE INFORMATION ABOUT BULLECTOMY Alexandra Mees , David McGowan . Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK; Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucestershire, UK. Objective: To assess the quality of information available online for lay people regarding bullectomy and identify the best and worst resources available to educate people on lobectomies prior to consenting and undergoing the procedure. Methods: The top 3 search engines (Google, Bing and Yahoo) were searched for the term"bullectomy". The top50 results of eachsearchwere selectedand refined using predetermined criteria prior to analysis. Remaining websites were assessed using the Gunning-Fog Index (GFI), the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), and LIDA tool for assessing accessibility, usability and reliability. Results: Of the 150 websites, 124 were excluded. The mean GFI was 13.6( 2.39); the mean FRES was 47.4( 12.5); the mean LIDA tool score for accessibility was 78.63%( 17.84), for usability was 64.42( 21.29), for reliability was 37.69( 20.82) with the mean score for the LIDA tool being 42.5%( 9.64). The results show that the websites were, on average, more difficult to read than the two newspapers The Sun(GFI1⁄48.8, FRES1⁄470.8) and The Financial Times(GFI1⁄412.51, FRES1⁄454.29). Conclusion: The results were accessible, useable and reliable; however a relatively high level of education and reading competency was required to understand the information. The best three websites for educating patients are: http://www.webmd. com/lung/copd/tc/bullectomy-for-copd-topic-overview, http://www. seton.net/health_a_to_z/health_library/health_topics/copd/bullectomy_ for_copd/; http://copd.about.com/od/copdglossaryae/g/bullectomydefini tion.htm 0386: THE QUALITY OF ONLINE INFORMATION ABOUT CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTS Jonathan French , David McGowan . Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK; Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucestershire, UK. Objective: To assess the quality of information available online for lay people regarding coronary artery bypass grafts and identify the best and worst resources available. Methods: Google, Bing and Yahoo were searched for the term “coronary artery bypass graft”. The top 50 results of each search were selected, with duplicate and inaccessible websites removed prior to analysis. Remaining websites were assessed using the Gunning-Fog Index, the Flesch Reading Ease Score, and LIDA tool for assessing accessibility, usability and reliability. Results: Of the 150 websites, 59 were analysed. The mean GFI was 15.17 ( 2.94); the mean FRES was 46.78 ( 13.69) (%); and the total mean LIDA tool score was 73.21% ( 14.21). The results show that the websites were, on average, more difficult to read than the two newspapers The Sun (GFI 1⁄4 8.8, FRES 1⁄4 70.8) and The Financial Times (GFI 1⁄4 12.51, FRES 1⁄4 54.29). Conclusion: The results were accessible, useable and reliable, as shown by the LIDA tool. The information required a relatively high level of education and reading competence to understand, as shown by the Gunning-Fog Index and the Flesch Readability Score. The best website for patients to visit to learn about CABGs is: http://www. drugs.com/cg/coronary-artery-bypass-graft-inpatient-care.html 0457: ASPIRIN ADMINISTRATION POST CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY (RE-AUDIT) Andrew S. Harris. University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK. Aim: The ACCF/AHA ‘Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery’ (2011) states that aspirin should be initiated within six hours postoperatively; if this is done it has a positive impact on vein graft patency (Grade A evidence). This audit aims to evaluate adherence to this guideline at the University Hospital of Wales. Method: In this prospective audit data was collected on all patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgery using vein grafts in University Hospital of Wales over a 6 weeks period in 2012. Results: 43 patients were audited. Seven (16%) received Aspirin within 6 hours. Only 47% (n1⁄420) had aspirin prescribed to be given within 6 hours. Of these, thirteen did not receive it within six hours and no reason was documented. Conclusion: Compliance with this well evidenced guideline is low. Despite the improvement in evidence and the suggestions of the first audit, aspirin administration is worse than in 2008. The reasons for this are multifactorial but timely and correct prescription would make the biggest impact. Ultimately, we feel it is necessary to raise the awareness and understanding across the whole team involved in the postoperative care of these patients to ensure this important medication is administered. 0485: THE QUALITY OF ONLINE INFORMATION ABOUT MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT Alexandra Hayes, David McGowan. Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucestershire, UK. Objective: To assess the quality of information available online for lay people regarding mitral valve replacement and identify the best resources people can use for self-education. Methods: Search engines Google, Yahoo and Bing were searched for 'mitral valve replacement'. The top 50 results from each were selected and duplicates, pay-per-view, multimedia websibes and subscription-required scientific papers were excluded. Remaining websites were assessed using the Gunning-Fog Index (GFI), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and LIDA tool for accessibility, usability and readability. Results: Of the 150 websites, 90 were excluded: 63 were repeated, 8 were irrelevant, 7 were multimedia and 12 inaccurate. The mean GFI was 14.64 (+/-3.77); the mean FRES was 43.39 (+/-18.04); mean LIDA tool scores were 82.33% (+/-9.61) accessibility, 94.21% (+/-7.62) usability, 56.16% (+/-25.49) reliability and 44.46% (+/-5.19) in total. These results show the websites were, on average, more difficult to read than newspapers The Sun (GFI1⁄48.8, FRES1⁄470.8) and The Financial Times (GFI1⁄412.51, FRES1⁄454.29).
- Published
- 2013
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