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Examination of the geographic mobility of science faculty within and to/from the United Kingdom finds the academic community of those countries Europeanized but not truly globalized. Inflows of scientific skills mostly benefit the already high-performing institutions and departments; lower-performing universities benefit less because they are less able to attract academic "stars." (Author/MSE)

Byline: Sami Mahroum, Bernhard Dachs, Matthias Weber This paper identifies and highlights the main issues and challenges that will shape the human resource factor in the future development of the Information Society Technology (IST). It is done by addressing the future of human resources for IST from three different angles, namely, the future composition of IST workforce, the future geography of Human Resources for IST (HRIST) supply and demand and the future orientation of IST markets. The paper argues that the pending demographic change, the internationalisation of education, labour and markets and the continuous shift from an industrial economy to an information knowledge-based economy will transform the dynamics of workforce supply and demand as we know it today. Foresighting the future of IST workforce requires identifying and understanding these new dynamics.

Efforts to build a universal theory of the world's business systems require empirical grounding in an understanding of the variety that need explaining. To support such theorizing, we analyzed the institutional structures of 61 major economies, accounting for 93.5% of 2013 world GDP at purchasing power parity. We found nine main types of business systems: Highly Coordinated, Coordinated Market, Liberal Market, European Peripheral, Advanced Emerging, Advanced City, Arab Oil-Based, Emerging, and Socialist Economies. Our findings illustrate the need to go beyond the Varieties of Capitalism and Business Systems frameworks; provide empirical support for the CME versus LME dichotomy for part of the OECD; identify some of the business systems proposed recently as sub-types of larger clusters; indicate that institutional diversity may increase with development level; and cast doubt on the notions of state-led and family-led capitalism as types of business systems. Our discussion further suggests numerous avenues for theory development and empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extant literature on cluster development focuses largely on 'clusters' where businesses are co-located along a supply chain to facilitate territorial concentration of a certain economic activity. This paper presents an inverse model of 'cluster development' strategy pioneered by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. This model is coined as the 'surrogate mother' whereby the seeds for a new industry are initially planned in more 'fertile' offshore locations, with the intention of transferring knowledge and 'spill-back' home at a later phase. The paper introduces the case of Abu Dhabi as an experiment in cluster development and provides an early examination of experience to date in the light of the cluster life-cycle framework. We find that while this model remains an experiment- in-progress, it serves as a good source of learning for other resource-abundant economies seeking industrial renewal and/or greater economic diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]