1. Engineering organ-on-a-chip systems to model viral infections
- Author
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Shahabipour, Fahimeh, Satta, Sandro, Mahmoodi, Mahboobeh, Sun, Argus, de Barros, Natan Roberto, Li, Song, Hsiai, Tzung, and Ashammakhi, Nureddin
- Subjects
Medical Microbiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Infectious Diseases ,Bioengineering ,Vaccine Related ,Aetiology ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Animals ,Humans ,COVID-19 ,Microphysiological Systems ,Virus Diseases ,organ on-a-chip ,microfluidic ,viral infection ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medical Biotechnology ,Other Technology ,Medical biotechnology ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
Infectious diseases remain a public healthcare concern worldwide. Amidst the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, increasing resources have been diverted to investigate therapeutics targeting the COVID-19 spike glycoprotein and to develop various classes of vaccines. Most of the current investigations employ two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models. However, 2D culture negates the multicellular interactions and three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment, and animal models cannot mimic human physiology because of interspecies differences. On the other hand, organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices introduce a game-changer to model viral infections in human tissues, facilitating high-throughput screening of antiviral therapeutics. In this context, this review provides an overview of thein vitroOoC-based modeling of viral infection, highlighting the strengths and challenges for the future.
- Published
- 2023