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Studying the effect of non-uniform cooling can develop more efficient and durable solar panels, contributing to the widespread adoption of solar energy as a sustainable energy source. Also, ensuring the uniformity of temperature distribution is crucial for longer solar panel life. Non-uniform cooling can result in the formation of hot spots, which can ultimately cause thermal stress and uneven aging of solar cells. This phenomenon can arise from a variety of factors, such as improper cooling techniques, partial shading, fluctuating airflow, and irregular heat dissipation throughout the solar panel. In this work, different scenarios were proposed to study the effect of non-uniform thermal distribution on the performances of the solar cells. A mathematical model was developed to test the performances using computer simulations (Matlab 2012), taking into consideration temperature factors, solar radiation, the direction of the panel, cooling methods, and the electrical properties of the cells. The results showed a clear difference in the performance of solar panels under non-uniform cooling compared to uniform cooling and conventional panels without cooling at an ambient temperature of 45 degrees Celsius. Also, it provides important explanations for this discrepancy in the performances to address the problem of non-uniform cooling of the solar panel. The research results summarize the side effects of non-uniform cooling, emphasizing the importance of uniform cooling to enhance the performance of solar panels. It is shown that the performance of solar panels under non-uniform cooling conditions is about 5% less in produced power as compared to uniform cooling. Finally, this research contributes to developing solar energy technologies and energy sustainability to face the greatest challenges such as climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]