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The efficacy of essential oils (EOs) extracted from Mentha spicata, Mentha puleguim, Ocimum basilicum, and Ruta graveolens was examined against Oligonychus afrasiaticus in a controlled laboratory conditions. The EOs were tested to assess fumigant toxicity, contact impact, and repellency. The essential oil of R. graveolens was characterized by the high concentration of 2-nonanone (11.9%), 2-undecanone (16.22%) and 1-nonene (19.4%). The composition of O. basilicum EO was characterized by linalool (29.23%), whereas 1,8-cineole (14.60%) was the major constituent in M. puleguim EO. The principal component of M. spicata was carvone (50.6%). The laboratory bioassay results demonstrated that the essential oils derived from M. pulegium, O. basilicum and M. spicata caused a mortality rate of 50% among females when administered at a concentration of 1 µL/L. With this concentration, R. graveolens EO caused significantly higher acaricidal effects (98%) with LC50 = 0.11 µL/L air. All oils showed a significant level of pest-repellent activity, with their repellency effects reaching 95% after 1 h of exposure against female adults of O. afrasiaticus at doses of 0.318 and 1.9 µL/cm². The R. graveolens EO exhibited higher toxicity through residual contact compared to other oils, with LC50 values of 0.18 µL/L air. Toxicity of the highly effective R. graveolens plant can occur via residual contact, repulsive and fumigant action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three isomers of the triatomic [Al, N, O] molecular system have been observed in a solid argon matrix by infrared absorption spectroscopy using 15N and 18O isotopic substitution. The present work provides high-level quantum chemical predictions of their spectroscopic parameters to observe this system in the interstellar medium. The spectroscopic parameters, stability, and geometries of the lowest stable isomers of its isoelectronic system [Al, N, S] were characterized using coupled-cluster CCSD(T), explicitly correlated coupled-cluster CCSD(T)-F12, and multireference configuration interaction. The three-dimensional potential energy surfaces of all isomers were computed at the CCSD(T)-F12/aug-cc-pV5Z level, and a set of spectroscopic parameters were calculated. In both systems, the most stable isomer is linear with an X3Σ− electronic ground state, and all linear isomers are characterized by small bending modes of less than 200 cm−1. Due to their large dipole moments, the high intensities of such modes, and the nonexistence of anharmonic resonance complicating their spectra, our results facilitate the detection of AlNO and AlNS in the laboratory or in the interstellar medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ab initio and Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) density functional theory with dispersion correction (PBE-D3) calculations are performed to study N2-Arn (n ≤ 3) complexes and N2 trapped in Ar matrix (i.e., N2@Ar). For cluster computations, we used both Møller-Plesset (MP2) and PBE-D3 methods. For N2@Ar, we used a periodic-dispersion corrected model for Ar matrix, which consists on a slab of four layers of Ar atoms. We determined the equilibrium structures and binding energies of N2 interacting with these entities. We also deduced the N2 vibrational frequency shifts caused by clustering or embedding compared to an isolated N2 molecule. Upon complexation or embedding, the vibrational frequency of N2 is slightly shifted, while its equilibrium distance remains unchanged. This is due to the weak interactions between N2 and Ar within these compounds. Our calculations show the importance of inclusion of dispersion effects for the accurate description of geometrical and spectroscopic parameters of N2 isolated, in interaction with Ar surfaces, or trapped in Ar matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the insecticidal properties of essential oil derived from Eucalyptus cinerea leaves and its main component, 1,8-cineole, against two significant pests of stored dates, Ectomyelois ceratoniae and Ephestia kuehniella (Pyralidae). The impact of the treatment on the sensory characteristics of date fruits was assessed to verify the complete absence of off-odours and off-flavours. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis of E. cinerea essential oil revealed that the primary compound was 1,8-cineole (74.5%). Fumigant toxicity of the two pests, indicated that first instar larvae (L1) exhibited greater tolerance to E. cinerea EO and 1,8-cineole than L5, while adult forms were more susceptible than larvae. The E. cinerea EO had a noticeable pest contact activity when used at a concentration of 0.35 µL/cm 2 caused 100 and 88.3% mortality to E. ceratoniae and E. kueheniella , respectively, after 1 hour of exposure. Hedonic evaluation showed that consumers' appreciation of fumigated dates was not significantly different to the no treated dates.

Eucalyptus leucoxylon, Rosmarinus officinalis , berries, and leaves of Schinus molle essential oils were analysed using GC-MS techniques and assessed for their fumigant toxicity against adults, larvae, and eggs of Ectomyelois ceratoniae and Ephestia kuehniella . Results showed that E. leucoxylon contained Spathulenol, p-Cymene, and Cryptone as major compounds. GC - MS analyses showed that the major compounds of R. officinalis essential oil were 1,8-Cineole, Camphor, and α-pinene. I-Phellandrene, t-Muurolol, and Phellandrene were the major components of the S. molle leaves; while I-Phellandrene, Limonen, and δ-Cadinene were the major components of the S. molle berries. S. molle berries were the most efficient followed by R. officinalis against E. ceratoniae and E. kuehniella . The most effective tested essential oil against E. ceratoniae larvae was S. molle berries. Results on the ovicidal and larvicidal effects of the tested oils demonstrated that R. officinalis was the most effective essential oil against E. kuehniella eggs.

Primary cutaneous leiomyosarcoma (PCL) are soft-tissue sarcoma, arising in the dermis, with or without extension into the subcutis. They are thought to have an indolent course compared to their subcutaneous counterparts, they may recur but rarely metastases. We report the case of a patient with a PCL arising in the anterior trunk wall who developed pulmonary, bone and retroperitoneal metastases 6 years after wide surgical excision of the primary tumor., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to determine experimentally the correction factors [Formula: see text] for four active commercial dosimeters: two microchambers and two diode detectors based on the output factor measured with radiochromic film for a radiotherapy linear accelerator equipped with circular cones., Materials and Methods: Initially, a radiochromic film dosimetry measurement protocol with an accuracy of 2% was developed to approach the "reference output factor". Afterwards, the corrective factors of four detectors were determined for two ionization chambers (PinPoint PTW 31016 3D, Micropoint Extradin A16) and two diodes (PTW T60017 Diode, PTW-60019 Micro-Diamond). These measurements were carried out under conical BrainLAB ® collimators defining circular fields with diameters equal to 7.5mm, 10mm, 12.5mm, 15mm, 17.5mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm and 45mm of a 6MV X-ray beam generated by the ClinaciX linear accelerator (Varian ® ). These factors are weakly dependent on the type of accelerator, whether the model and the collimation type. This allowed their comparisons with those published for the same type of detector and for an accelerator with the same index of beam quality., Results: The correction factors obtained experimentally were comparable in maximum deviation of 1.9% with published ones of the works using the same type of detector (mark and model) and an accelerator delivering the same beam quality for the same field size at the measurement point., Conclusion: The measurement protocol using the EBT3 film, which was used as a passive dosimeter to determine the "reference output factor", was validated by comparing measured and published data of active detector correction factors., (Copyright © 2017 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.)

Ab initio and Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) density functional theory with dispersion correction (PBE-D3) calculations are performed to study N 2 -Ar n (n ≤ 3) complexes and N 2 trapped in Ar matrix (i.e., N 2 @Ar). For cluster computations, we used both Møller-Plesset (MP2) and PBE-D3 methods. For N 2 @Ar, we used a periodic-dispersion corrected model for Ar matrix, which consists on a slab of four layers of Ar atoms. We determined the equilibrium structures and binding energies of N 2 interacting with these entities. We also deduced the N 2 vibrational frequency shifts caused by clustering or embedding compared to an isolated N 2 molecule. Upon complexation or embedding, the vibrational frequency of N 2 is slightly shifted, while its equilibrium distance remains unchanged. This is due to the weak interactions between N 2 and Ar within these compounds. Our calculations show the importance of inclusion of dispersion effects for the accurate description of geometrical and spectroscopic parameters of N 2 isolated, in interaction with Ar surfaces, or trapped in Ar matrices.

Background and Purpose: Cardiac disease has been related to heart dose after left-sided breast radiotherapy. This trial evaluates the heart sparing ability and feasibility of deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) in the prone position for left-sided whole breast irradiation (WBI)., Materials and Methods: Twelve patients underwent CT-simulation in supine shallow breathing (SB), supine DIBH, prone SB and prone DIBH. A validation cohort of 38 patients received prone SB and prone DIBH CT-scans; the last 30 patients were accepted for prone DIBH treatment. WBI was planned with a prescription dose of 40.05 Gy., Results: DIBH was able to reduce (p<0.001) heart dose in both positions, with results for prone DIBH at least as favorable as for supine DIBH. Mean heart dose was lowered from 2.2 Gy for prone SB to 1.3 Gy for prone DIBH (p<0.001), while preserving the lung sparing ability of prone positioning. Moreover prone DIBH nearly consistently reduced mean heart dose to less then 2 Gy, regardless of breast volume. All patients were able to perform the simulation procedure, 28/30 patients were treated with prone DIBH., Conclusions: This trial demonstrates the ability and feasibility of prone DIBH to acquire optimal heart and lung sparing for left-sided WBI., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)