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Context: Although the incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in all Indian cancer registries is very close to the lowest rate in the world, westernization has shown an increasing trend in the recent years. Recurrence is reported in CRC because the slowly proliferating stem cells escape the chemotherapeutic regimen.Aim: To detect the presence of CD133 and CD44 in human CRC specimens and to correlate the level of marker expression with tumor staging.Materials and Methods: We included 26 colorectal carcinoma patients between 20 and 70 years of age. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of CD133 and CD44 was done in sections of 5 μm prepared from paraffin-embedded blocks with most representative areas.Statistical Analysis: All analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS version 22.Results: CD133 expression was seen exclusively on the cell membrane at the glandular luminal surface with dot-like cytoplasmic staining. In the normal mucosa, CD44 expression was seen in the superficial region of the cell, whereas in most of the carcinomas, the staining was localized in the basolateral region of the cell. Both CD133 and CD44 showed significant correlation with tumor stage.Conclusions: In the present study, CD133 and CD44 show significant correlation with tumor staging. Cancer stem cell markers have shown similar pattern of expression in the patients of Indian origin. Using combination of markers for staging is preferred as it increases the sensitivity and specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the efficacy of organic fertilizer and microbial inoculants in establishing a large cardamom sucker nursery. It examined the beneficial effect of the inoculants Trichoderma harzainum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Azospirillum, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on the growth of plants. It reports on greater plant height and higher numbers of tillers and recommends using the above microbial inoculants in the nursery.

The article presents a study on the nanocrystalline regions of guar gum (GG) filled polyurethane (PU)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite materials before and after biodegradation using wide angle X-ray scattering. For the study, researchers applied PU/PAN semi-interpenetrating polymer network with different weight percent of guar gum. They found that the size of the PU/PAN composite was lessened following biodegradation. However, they observed that the addition of GG showed its different X-ray pattern.

Crystal and molecular structural analysis of raw bivoltine silk fibre (Bombyx mori) has been made using Linked-Atom Least-Squares technique. It is observed that the unit cell consists of four molecular chains with the space unit cell parameters (a=9.4 Å b=9.2 Å and c(fibre axis)=6.97 Å with β=90°) and the space group P21>>>>>>>>>>. The molecular modification is essentially same as β-pleated structure with antipolar-antiparallel arrangements formed by hydrogen bonds. The essential differences observed in structure, such as intermolecular distance and fractional coordinates, are discussed in detail in comparison with crystal structure of raw pure Mysore silk fibres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide angle X-ray scattering data recorded from the coarse and fine fibres of mulberry and non-mulberry silk, like muga, tassar and eri, have been used along with exponential, Reinhold and Lognormal functions for crystal size distributions to determine the microstructural parameters and hence to compute the shape of the crystallite ellipsoid. The estimated microstructural parameters have been correlated with the reported physical parameters like tenacity and toughness of silk fibres. It is observed that the tenacity decreases with the increase in crystal size for both mulberry and non-mulberry silk fibres, which essentially reflects the fact that ordering in the lattice may not be a favoured factor in the textile industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the efficacy of biofertilizers and biopesticides in large cardamom with regards to nursery establishment for suckers in Sikkim, India. It states the use of Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) from the Indian Cardamom Research Institute (ICRI) located in Kerala, India. It also mentions the two planting units and the main purpose of the nursery.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound C25H19N5OS, contains two mol-ecules, A and B. In mol-ecule A, the dihedral angles between the pyrazole ring and the C-bound phenyl group, the N-bound phenyl group and the thia-diazole ring are 32.30 (14), 52.25 (14) and 34.94 (12)°, respectively. The corresponding angles in mol-ecule B are 33.32 (14), 50.67 (15), and 70.30 (12)°, respectively. In the crystal, the A and B mol-ecules are linked by pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating R 2 (2)(8) loops. This dimer linkage is reinforced by two C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and one C-H⋯N hydrogen bond.