Search

Aim and objective To assess and compare the degree of pain during local anesthesia administration and to evaluate the efficacy of transpapillary injection as a substitute for palatal injection in simple maxillary tooth extractions. Materials and methods A split-mouth study was conducted among children aged 7–11 years who required bilateral extraction of maxillary molars. The individuals were subjected to conventional buccal and palatal infiltration for the first extraction. The transpapillary injection was administered for the subsequent extraction in place of palatal administration. 2% lignocaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline was used for both techniques. Faces pain score scale and visual analog scale were utilized to record pain during injection administration and during the extraction process. A p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The difference in pain scores was observed during injection administration and was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) whereas pain scores for extraction were insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion The transpapillary injection technique was efficacious in eliminating the pain of the palatal injection technique for maxillary extractions. Clinical significance Owing to the results of this study, the transpapillary injection technique can be used as a distinguished substitute for conventional palatal infiltration, thereby lessening the level of distress experienced by a pediatric patient during local anesthesia administration. How to cite this article Sruthi MA, Ramakrishnan M. Transpapillary Injection Technique as a Substitute for Palatal Infiltration: A Split-mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(5):640–643.

Findings on the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity are conflicting. This bacterium can occur either transiently in the oral cavity or, in some situations, pose a threat to oral/gastric tissues.We investigated the presence of H. pylori in deep carious lesions of children and assessed its association with dental status and caries severity.This cross-sectional study involved 20 children aged 3-6 years attending the paediatric outpatient clinic. Demographic and oral hygiene-related data were obtained from parents/caregivers. Caries status and severity were assessed using the DMFT and ICDAS II indices respectively. Dentine samples were collected and stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution. These samples were assessed for H. pylori using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. DMFT and ICDAS II scores were compared between children with and without H. pylori.H. pylori was detected in 70% of children with severe carious lesions (95% confidence interval: 46%-88%). The mean DMFT score was significantly higher in the group with H. pylori than in the group without (p = .001). The prevalence of H. pylori was greater in those with ICDAS II code 6 than in those with ICDAS II code 5 caries. Cavitated carious lesions can serve as a reservoir for H. pylori. Its presence was associated with higher caries status and caries severity (ICDAS II code 6). The presence of H. pylori in such cavities may tip the balance of plaque ecosystem in favour of Streptococcus mutans, the main bacterial source in dental caries.

The irregular dental care can result in acute clinical problems that may lead to various emergency visits. Emergency dental visits are the care of patients who present oral problems. The aim of the study was to identify the reason for patients seeking treatment for dental emergencies among the Chennai population. The Participants were randomly selected for the study, inclusion criteria for the participants were the patients who reported between June 2019 to March 2020 to a private Dental College, and Hospital Chennai, the purpose of the visit was observed from the patient information given during the time of visit. Results showed that the reason for emergency dental visit patients was for abscess drainage in males is 13.33% and females are 8.89% for emergency extraction in males is 28.89% and females are 44.44% for emergency pain management is 2.22% female patient only for emergency trauma management is 2.22% male patient only. From the present study, we can conclude that the common reason for emergency dental visit among Chennai population was for extraction and abscess drainage.

Managing the demand, prevalence, and the design of partial tooth loss is imperative to recognize the prosthetic necessities of the patients. A factor that may affect prosthodontic work is the patients' awareness of the most advanced technologies in aesthetic dentistry. The choice of prosthetic replacement is largely defined by the patient's choice and budgetary status, accessible technology and expertise, as well as the number of missing teeth. The aim of this study was to identify the preference of treatment choice from implant and FPD for the patients treated at a private dental hospital. The sample size consisted of 1122 patients who had FPDs or implants. The case sheets of patients were obtained from the patient record system. The data of each patient was obtained and tabulated. In our study, 54.46 % of patients were male, 45.45 % of patients were female, and 0.09 % belonged to the transgender population. 3.21 % patients belong to the age group of less than 20 years, 54.06 % patients in the age group 21-40 years, 35.5 % patients in the age group 41-60 years and 7.2 % patients in the age group above 60 years. The overall FPD were 809 across all age groups with the maximum in the age group 21-40 years (40.59%). Overall implants were 312 across all age groups with the maximum at 21-40 years (13.47%). It was concluded that there is a significant difference in the preference of patients opting for implant vs FPD, in which FPD was highly opted by the patients. Although removable partial dentures extended to play a significant role in prosthetic teeth replacement, the use of FPDs and dental implants showed an increase in number.

Osteoplasty is a surgical procedure for reshaping or recontouring bone. As dental implants are the most commonly preferred treatment for prosthetic rehabilitation, adequate bone height and width are important prerequisites for a successful implant. There is continuous resorption of the alveolar crestal region after extraction of the tooth, which may form sharp edges or sharp bony margins. Osteoplasty is required in such cases to remove the sharp bony margins and flatten the alveolar bone so as to provide increased stability of the implant in the socket. The aim of this retrospective, university-based study was to assess the requirement of osteoplasty in dental implant surgery. Data of patients who underwent implant surgery were collected. A total of 554 patients (331 males and 223 females) with 1,044 implant sites were included. The data were further sorted with respect to age, gender, implant site, and requirement of osteoplasty, and analyzed using SPSS software. The mean age of the patients was 42.70 ± 13.03. A chi-square test assessed association and correlation. The requirement of osteoplasty was higher in the mandibular posterior region (42.2%) than in any other clinical site. In comparison with gender, the requirement was significantly higher in males than in females.

Aim To compare the efficacy of lignocaine and benzocaine when applied as a topical anesthetic before intraoral local anesthetic administration in children. Materials and methods Forty-four patients aged between 4 years and 10 years indicated for pulp therapy of primary teeth under inferior alveolar nerve block were selected for this study. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups of 22 each. Group I (lignocaine gel) and group II (benzocaine gel) were applied before inferior alveolar nerve block. The pain scale was assessed by a trained examiner using the visual analog scale (VAS) and sound eye motor scale. Results Lignocaine when used as a topical anesthetic agent showed lower mean scores under both the pain scales when compared with benzocaine but the results were statistically insignificant. Conclusion Lignocaine and benzocaine are equally effective when applied as a topical anesthetic agent. But lignocaine was more preferred in taste when compared with benzocaine. How to cite this article Kotian N, Mani G, Ramakrishnan M. Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents in Controlling Pain during Intraoral Local Anesthetic Administration in Children: A Split-mouth Triple-blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(2):180-182.

Aim:To study the variation in the root canal morphology of maxillary permanent second molars in the Chennai population based on Vertucci classification by using cone beam computed tomography. Background:The success of endodontic treatment is mainly attributed to the understanding of the root canal morphology, proper cleaning and shaping, followed by obturation of the prepared root canals. Certain distinct features of the teeth may complicate an endodontic treatment due to the complex morphology and various individual variations of the teeth. Hence, It is important for a dentist to evaluate the root canal morphology of the teeth, which can be done using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) prior to any treatment involving the tooth pulp in order to ensure the success and effectiveness of the dental treatment. Materials and Methods:One hundred Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images are randomly selected from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology in Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India. The selected CBCT images are examined for the inclusion criteria in maxillary permanent second molars based on Vertucci classification. Results:A total of 170 permanent maxillary second molars were examined in this study. Type 1 is commonly seen in males (90.59%), followed by Type 3 (4.31%), Type 5 (2.75%), Type 2 (1.96%) and Type 8 (0.39%) based on the Vertucci?s classification. In females, most of the root canal morphology is of Type 1 (87.84%), followed by Type 5 (3.53%), Type 3 (2.35%) and Type 4 (0.78%) respectively. The mean values of the length of mesiobuccal root of permanent maxillary second molars are 11.6997 mm in males and 11.0313 mm in females with standard deviations of 0.9541 and 0.9371 in males and females respectively. As for the length of distobuccal root, the mean values are 11.5302 mm with standard deviation of 0.8823 in males and 10.7267 mm in females with standard deviation of 0.5867. The mean values of the palatal root are 12.0041 mm in males and 11.0693 in females with standard deviations of 0.9714 and 0.6965 in males and females respectively. The mean distance between the occlusal pit and pulp chamber are 4.3681 mm with standard deviation of 0.5769 in males and 4.3728 mm with standard deviation of 0.7828 in females. The distance between the pulpal floor and furcation are reported to have a mean value of 3.3034 mm in males and 2.5493 mm in females with standard deviations of 0.6509 and 0.3765 in males and females respectively. The mean distance between the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) and pulp chamber is 3.2283 mm in males with standard deviation of 0.5708 and 2.6727 mm in females with standard deviation of 0.3853. Conclusion: Based on the findings in this study, it can be concluded that there is no significant variation in the root canal morphology of permanent maxillary second molars between males and females, particularly in the Chennai population as most of them commonly exhibit Type 1 in the permanent maxillary second molars. CBCT is one of the best methods to help dentists in proper evaluation of the root canal configurations in order to ensure the success of an endodontic treatment.

We report a soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering study of the spin configuration in multiferroic thin films of ${\mathrm{Co}}_{0.975}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{0.025}{\mathrm{Cr}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ (Ge-CCO) and ${\mathrm{CoCr}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ (CCO) under low and high magnetic fields from 0.2 to 6.5 T. A characterization of Ge-CCO at a low magnetic field was performed, and the results were compared with those of pure CCO. The ferrimagnetic phase transition temperature ${T}_{C}\ensuremath{\approx}95\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ and the multiferroic transition temperature ${T}_{S}\ensuremath{\approx}27\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in Ge-CCO are comparable with those observed in CCO. In Ge-CCO, the ordering wave vector ($qq0$) observed below ${T}_{S}$ is slightly larger compared with that of CCO, and unlike CCO, the diffraction intensity consists of two contributions that show a dissimilar x-ray polarization dependence. In Ge-CCO, the coercive field observed at low temperatures was larger than the one reported for CCO. In both compounds, an unexpected reversal of the spiral helicity, and therefore the electric polarization, was observed on simply magnetic field cooling. In addition, we find a change in the helicity as a function of momentum transfer in the magnetic diffraction peak of Ge-CCO, indicative of the presence of multiple magnetic spirals.

The authors find that the structural distortion and the underlying electronic structure of the charge density wave in TiSe${}_{2}$ show different energetics at ultrafast timescales.

Orthorhombic $\mathrm{HoMn}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ is a multiferroic in which Mn antiferromagnetic order induces ferroelectricity. A second transition occurs within the multiferroic phase, in which a strong enhancement of the ferroelectric polarization occurs concomitantly to antiferromagnetic ordering of Ho $4f$ magnetic moments. Using the element selectivity of resonant x-ray diffraction, we study the magnetic order of the Mn $3d$ and Ho $4f$ moments. We explicitly show that the Mn magnetic order is affected by the Ho $4f$ magnetic ordering transition. Based on the azimuthal dependence of the $(0\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}q\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}0)$ and $(0\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}1\ensuremath{-}q\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}0)$ magnetic reflections, we suggest that the Ho $4f$ order resembles an $ac$ cycloid. Using nonresonant diffraction, we show that the magnetically induced polar lattice distortion is unaffected by the Ho ordering, suggesting a mechanism through which the Ho order affects ferroelectric polarization without affecting the lattice in the same manner as the Mn order.

Background: A thorough knowledge of root canal system, anatomy and variation in morphological plays an important role in all scopes of endodontic treatment. The practitioner should have a great understanding of the detailed morphological anatomy of root canal system in order to utilize the proper technique and method during the endodontic treatment especially in mandibular second molar.Aim: To evaluate root canal morphology of mandibular second molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in Chennai Population based on Vertucci’s classification.Materials and Method: The CBCT scans of patient age between 20 years to 40 years were retrieved from Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, India from September 2018 to January 2019. The teeth were observed for the root canals system using Vertucci classification, and other parameters. The comparison between males and female were made.Results: Generally the parameter values are more in females when compared to males and the most prevalence root canal configuration are Type 4, followed by Type 2 in mesial and distal roots for both gender.Conclusion: The study indicates the significant values to certain extendand can serve as aids to utilize the proper technique and method during the endodontic treatment especially in permanent mandibular second molar.

Magnetic ground states with peculiar spin textures, such as magnetic skyrmions and multifunctional domains are of enormous interest for the fundamental physics governing their origin as well as potential applications in emerging technologies. Of particular interest are multiferroics, where sophisticated interactions between electric and magnetic phenomena can be used to tailor several functionalities. We report the direct observation of a magnetic field induced long-wavelength spin spiral modulation in the chiral compound Ba3TaFe3Si2O14, which emerges out of a helical ground state, and is hallmarked by the onset of a unique chirality-dependent contribution to the bulk electric polarization. The periodicity of the field-induced modulation, several hundreds of nm depending on the field value, is comparable to the length scales of mesoscopic topological defects such as skyrmions, merons, and solitons. The phase transition and observed threshold behavior are consistent with a phenomenology based on the allowed Lifshitz invariants for the chiral symmetry of langasite, which intriguingly contain all the essential ingredients for the realization of topologically stable antiferromagnetic skyrmions. Our findings open up new directions to explore topological correlations of antiferromagnetic spintronic systems based on non-collinear magnetic systems with additional ferroic functionalities., npj Quantum Materials, 4 (1), ISSN:2397-4648

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) are one of the major oral diseases affecting children. ECC adversely affects the children&rsquo, s as well as their parent/caregivers quality of life. The present study aims to assess the quality of life in children with Early Childhood Caries aged 6&ndash, 72 months using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. It also aims to compare the quality of life between children with pufa scores of &gt, 0 and a pufa score = 0. A total of 238 children aged 6 months to 72 months with ECC and their parent/caregiver were included in the present study. Oral examinations of the children were performed by the principal examiner using the defs and pufa index, which was followed by a personal interview of the 13 items in the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact scale among the 238 parents/caregivers. The results showed that, overall, Early Childhood Caries have a negative impact on children&rsquo, s quality of life, as assessed by the parent/caregiver. The overall Early Childhood Oral Health Impact scale score ranged from 0&ndash, 32 (mean &plusmn, SD, 14.12 &plusmn, 6.72). Children with a pufa score &gt, 0 (mean &plusmn, SD, 16.14 &plusmn, 6.27, p &lt, 0.001) have significantly lower quality of life than children with pufa score = 0 (mean &plusmn, SD, 9.07 &plusmn, 4.94, p &lt, 0.001). Early Childhood Caries had a negative impact on the quality of life of children aged 6&ndash, 72 months. Children with a pufa score of &ldquo, 0&rdquo, had better oral health-related quality of life than children with a pufa score &gt, 0.

ACS applied materials & interfaces 12(7), 8780 - 8787 (2020). doi:10.1021/acsami.9b15034, Hybrid semiconductor���ferromagnetic insulator heterostructures are interesting due to their tunable electronic transport, self-sustained stray field, and local proximitized magnetic exchange. In this work, we present lattice-matched hybrid epitaxy of semiconductor���ferromagnetic insulator InAs/EuS heterostructures and analyze the atomic-scale structure and their electronic and magnetic characteristics. The Fermi level at the InAs/EuS interface is found to be close to the InAs conduction band and in the band gap of EuS, thus preserving the semiconducting properties. Both neutron and X-ray reflectivity measurements show that the overall ferromagnetic component is mainly localized in the EuS thin film with a suppression of the Eu moment in the EuS layer nearest the InAs and magnetic moments outside the detection limits on the pure InAs side. This work presents a step toward realizing defect-free semiconductor���ferromagnetic insulator epitaxial hybrids for spin-lifted quantum and spintronic applications without external magnetic fields., Published by Soc., Washington, DC

Aim: The aim of this study is to access the knowledge and use of dental anesthesia in pediatric dentistry. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of dental anesthesia among pediatric dentists. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among pediatric dentists who were practicing in Chennai, South India. A questionnaire was distributed which include questions relating to the use of local and topical anesthetics. Background: Anesthetic injection is the dental procedure that produces the greatest negative response in children. Pain and anxiety can reduce the efficacy of anesthesia in pediatric patients. This fear of anesthesia is often manifested as a behavior management problem, with a few pediatric patients lacking good coping skills and displaying hysterical behavior in anticipation of discomfort. Anxiety is the most disturbing experience for children, a response that sometimes can only be controlled with techniques beyond anesthesia. There are several factors that can predispose a patient to this overdose of anesthetic. The patient factors include age, weight, other medications, sex, presence of other systemic disorders, genetics, and mental attitude, and environment. There is a lack of studies accessing the usage and status of anesthesia in pediatric dentistry. Results: Eighty-eight percent used exact body weight to determine local anesthetic dosage. Only 11% of the respondents were using

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of untreated dental caries among young children (aged 0. Conclusion: These data provide valuable evidence of the effect of nocturnal feeding as an important determinant of the increased prevalence of untreated caries lesions among children with ECC.