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Real-time data processing systems utilize Digital Signal Processing (DSP) functions as the base modules. Most of the DSP functions involve the implementation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert the signals from one domain to another domain. The major bottleneck of Decimation in frequency- Fast Fourier Transform (DIF-FFT) implementation lies in using a number of Multipliers. Distributed arithmetic (DA) is considered as one of the efficient techniques to implement DIF-FFT. In this approach, the multipliers are not used. The proposed technique exploits the very advantage of the look-up table by storing the Twiddle factors, thereby avoiding the multipliers required in the butterfly structure. DIF-FFT using Distributed Arithmetic (DIF-FFT DA) models, with different adders such as Ripple carry adder (RCA), Carry-lookahead adder (CLA), and Sklansky prefix graph adder, are proposed in this paper. The three proposed models are synthesized using Cadence 6.1 EDA tools with a 45nm CMOS technology. Compared to the traditional method, it is observed that the area is improved by 53.11%, 53.35%, and 50.15%, power is improved by 42.31%, 42.52%, and 40.39%, and delay is improved by 45.26%, 45.42%, 41.80%, respectively.

Abstract This paper proposes an efficient approach to design high‐speed, accurate multipliers. The proposed multiplier design uses the proposed efficient 15:4 counter for the partial product reduction stage. This proposed 15:4 counter is designed using a novel 5:3 counter. The proposed 5:3 counter uses input re‐ordering circuitry at the input side. As a result, the number of output combinations can be reduced to 18 from 32. As a result, the circuit complexity reduces. The proposed 5:3 counter and 15:4 counter are on an average 28% and 19% improvement in the power delay product compared with the existing designs. The 16‐bit multiplier designed using 5:3 and 15:4 counters is an average 22.5% improvement in power delay product compared with the existing designs.

The dataset provided details on how tillage methods and nutrient management impacted the productivity of the four crops (mustard>mungbean>Transplanting (T.) aus >Transplanting (T.) aman) cropping system and the overall soil health. The specific tillage techniques examined were minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT), and deep tillage (DT). Regarding nutrient management, NM1 utilized 100 % soil test-based (STB) fertilization following fertilizer gradient generation (FRG); NM2 applied 125 % of STB after FRG-2018; NM3 consisted of 100 % STB (with 80 % from chemical fertilizers and 20 % from cow dung); and NM4 relied on native fertility without any fertilization. Over three consecutive seasonal years (2018–19, 2019–20, and 2020–21), twelve treatments were replicated three times following a factorial totally randomized design. The comparative analysis of crop yield, rice equivalent yield, system productivity and production efficiency indicated superior performance of MT over both CT and DT. Furthermore, in relation to agricultural productivity metrics, the application of the nutrition package NM3 demonstrated performance levels exceeding the average. The adoption of MT and the incorporation of the NM3 nutrition package led to notable advancements in organic matter, field capacity, microbial biomass nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and soil nutrient levels (N, P, K, S, Zn, and B). Consequently, the synthesis of the NM3 with MT is posited as a strategic approach for soil enhancement and the augmentation of crop productivity.

A cropping system that is based on three or four crops is currently a widely favored option for augmenting crop productivity to address the escalating global food demand. However, the improper fertilizer management and undue tillage adversely impacts both the productivity of crops and the fertility of the soil. A research investigation was conducted on tillage and nutrient management within the mustard-mungbean-Transplanting aus (T.aus)-Transplanting aman (T.aman) cropping system to examine the impact of fertilizer packages and tillage techniques on the overall productivity of cropping systems, as well as the condition of the soil in grey terrace soil. The research included tillage techniques viz; minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT) and deep tillage (DT); while nutrient management; NM1: 100 % STB (Soil test based) following FRG (Fertilizer Recommendation Guide-2018), all from chemical fertilizer, NM2: 125 % of STB following FRG- 2018, all from chemical fertilizer, NM3: 100 % STB (80 % from chemical fertilizers and 20 % from cowdung), and NM4: Native fertility (no fertilization). A total of twelve treatments replicated three times following the factorial completely randomized design for three consecutive seasonal years (2018–19, 2019–20, and 2020–21). MT outperformed DT and CT in terms of crop yield, rice equivalent yield (REY), system productivity (SP), and production efficiency (PE). Moreover, NM3 exhibited enhanced performance in terms of agricultural productivity measures. Field capacity (FC), soil organic matter (OM), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and soil nutrients (N, P, K, S, Zn and B) observed an enhancement as a result of the implementation of tillage MT and nutrition package NM3. The investigation indicates that implementing minimum tillage (MT) coupled with an integrated plant nutrition system package (NM3) can assist in the improvement of soil and the enhancement of crop productivity.

A case study of a 23‑year‑old lady, presented to us with right‑sided weakness and global aphasia of 190 minutes duration with a history of cough, breathlessness, and orthopnea of one‑month duration. Topics include using penumbra ACE 68 catheter, achieving thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score 2b recanalization; and risk of systemic thromboembolism to parents and shifted to the Cath lab for angiography immediately.

Real-time data processing systems utilize Digital Signal Processing (DSP) functions as the base modules. Most of the DSP functions involve the implementation of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert the signals from one domain to another domain. The major bottleneck of Decimation in frequency-Fast Fourier Transform (DIF-FFT) implementation lies in using a number of Multipliers. Distributed arithmetic (DA) is considered as one of the efficient techniques to implement DIF-FFT. In this approach, the multipliers are not used. The proposed technique exploits the very advantage of the look-up table by storing the Twiddle factors, thereby avoiding the multipliers required in the butterfly structure. DIF-FFT using Distributed Arithmetic (DIF-FFT DA) models, with different adders such as Ripple carry adder (RCA), Carry-lookahead adder (CLA), and Sklansky prefix graph adder, are proposed in this paper. The three proposed models are synthesized using Cadence 6.1 EDA tools with a 45nm CMOS technology. Compared to the traditional method, it is observed that the area is improved by 53.11%, 53.35%, and 50.15%, power is improved by 42.31%, 42.52%, and 40.39%, and delay is improved by 45.26%, 45.42%, 41.80%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Inflammation may develop due to internal dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein or external factors in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This prospective randomized clinical trial aimed to ascertain the effects of nano‐curcumin as an anti‐inflammatory agent and a CFTR modulator on clinical and inflammatory markers in children with CF. Children with CF were randomly assigned to receive daily curcumin or a placebo for 3 months. The primary outcome measure was to evaluate inflammatory indices, nasopharyngeal swab analysis, and clinical assessments via spirometry, anthropometric measurements, and quality of life (QOL) analysis. Sixty children were included. Intra‐group changes comparison showed that curcumin decreased the level of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) (median: −0.31 mg/L, IQR: −1.53 to 0.81; p = .01) and fecal calprotectin level (−29 μg/g, −57.5 to 11.5; p = .03), also increased the level of interleukin (IL)‐10 (6.1 pg/mL, 4.5–9; p = .01). Moreover, curcumin improved the overall QOL and the subscales of the questionnaire. Inter‐group changes comparison depicted the number of Pseudomonas colonies reduced by about 52% in the curcumin group and gained weight by about 16% (p > .05). Nano‐curcumin seems to be considered as an effective nutritional supplement on hs‐CRP, IL‐10, fecal calprotectin levels, and improving QOL in patients with CF.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), caused by diabetes mellitus is common in India. There is alteration of vitamin D and iron in such conditions. The present study, was aimed to evaluate the level of vitamin D and iron in various stages of CKD to assist the understanding of these parameters in the management of CKD. Methodology: A total of 140 newly diagnosed patients of CKD stage I to V, who were diabetic for at least 10 years and visiting the OPD of a tertiary care health care center over a period of one year were included in the study along with 60 non-CKD participants. The study included 60 type II diabetic patients without CKD. HbA1c, hemoglobin, serum iron, urine microalbumin, serum and urine creatinine, and serum vitamin D were measured for all study populations. Results: Hemoglobin (p value 0.04), iron (p value 0.02), eGFR (p value 0.04), vitamin D (p value 0.02), urine albumin (p value 0.0001), urine creatinine (p value 0.04), and ACR (p value 0.04) were significantly low in the CKD group as compared to non CKD group; except HbA1c (p value 0.02), which was higher in CKD group. Vitamin D and iron were found to be deficient in all stages of CKD, severity being observed more in later stages of disease. Conclusion: Screening for vitamin D and iron should be carried out for an optimal risk reduction strategy in all CKD patients with diabetes mellitus irrespective of its stages.

This paper proposes an efficient approach to design high‐speed, accurate multipliers. The proposed multiplier design uses the proposed efficient 15:4 counter for the partial product reduction stage. This proposed 15:4 counter is designed using a novel 5:3 counter. The proposed 5:3 counter uses input re‐ordering circuitry at the input side. As a result, the number of output combinations can be reduced to 18 from 32. As a result, the circuit complexity reduces. The proposed 5:3 counter and 15:4 counter are on an average 28% and 19% improvement in the power delay product compared with the existing designs. The 16‐bit multiplier designed using 5:3 and 15:4 counters is an average 22.5% improvement in power delay product compared with the existing designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple, highly efficient, and green method is developed for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3‐d] pyrimidine derivatives via Knoevenagel and Michael addition in the presence of nano CuO–Ag as a catalyst. The structures of synthesized target compounds 5a–l were confirmed by spectral and elemental analysis and were screened for their antioxidant activity by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H2O2, and NO methods. Their antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, against Gram‐positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata was also evaluated. The compounds showed higher bacterial activity than the standard used. Compounds 5b, 5d, 5g, 5h, and 5i exhibited higher free radical scavenging activity than the standard butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT). Compounds 5b, 5d, and 5h showed higher activity on Gram‐positive bacteria, and compounds 5b, 5d, 5h, and 5i showed higher activity on Gram‐negative bacteria than that of standard tetracycline. Compounds 5b, 5j, and 5l showed much higher antifungal activity against Candida globrata and C. albicans than that of standard Griseofulvin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blink Reflex is Significantly Altered in Patients with Multisystem Atrophy Compared to Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Alzheimer's Disease, and Frontotemporal Dementia - A Pilot Study But the polysynaptic pathways between the ipsilateral 5th nerve nucleus to ipsilateral and contralateral facial nucleus are differentially affected even in very early course in patients with MSA but not in patients with AD, FTD and PSP. Blink reflex latency from R1 to ipsilateral and contralateral R2 are significantly prolonged in MSA as compared to patients with AD, FTD and PSP. [Extracted from the article]

Proper processing of coconut shell charcoal can be highly economically and environmentally valuable. The two most common uses of coconut shell charcoal are activated carbon and briquettes, obtained through carbonization. However, traditional carbonization methods involving kilns can produce excessive smoke, polluting the environment and disrupting human activities. A carbonization kiln that produces less smoke is required to address this issue. In this study, a kiln made from a steel drum with a sealer belt was fabricated to trap burning smoke inside the kiln. The results showed that adding this belt effectively reduced the smoke produced, making it more eco-friendly. Regarding charcoal production efficiency, different weigh coconut shells were burnt to produce charcoal. The result showed that burning 25 kg of coconut shell was optimal, producing a 48% charcoal content.

Foliar fertilization is a reliable technique for correcting a nutrient deficiency in plants caused by inadequate nutrient supply to the roots in acid soil. Soluble nutrients in banana pseudostem sap might be effective to supplement chemical fertilizers. However, the limited nutrients in sole banana pseudostem sap as foliar fertilization may not meet-up the nutritional demand of the crop. Field trials were, therefore, conducted with the combination of soil-applied fertilizers with foliar spray of banana pseudostem sap to increase nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of sweet corn planted in acidic soil. Three treatments viz., 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RD) as control (T1), 75% of RD applied in soil with foliar application of non-enriched banana pseudostem sap (T2), and 50% RD applied in soil with foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap (T3) were replicated four times. The combination of soil-applied fertilizer with foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap (T3) showed a significant increase in leaf area index (11.3%), photosynthesis (12%), fresh cob yield (39%), and biomass of corn (29%) over control. Besides, the 50% RD of soil fertilization with foliar spray of enriched pseudostem sap increased nutrient uptake in addition to an increase in sugar content, phenolic content, soluble protein, and amino acids of corn. Considering the economic analysis, the highest net income, BCR (3.74) and MBCR (1.25) values confirmed the economic viability of T3 treatment over the T1. The results suggest that foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap can be used as a supplementary source of nutrients to enhance nutrient uptake by corn while increasing yield and minimizing chemical fertilizer use in acid soil.

Early marriage remains a social problem, especially among less-educated urban people, including in Tamanan District, Bondowoso Regency, East Java Province. The community has a distinctive and unique Pandalungan language that offers an interesting idea source for filmmaking. Thus, this creation seeks to illustrate how “Hani”, a drama-comedy film, was directed with a local-culture approach. The production of “Hani” referred to the existing Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in the audiovisual profession and combined the visual comedy and slapstick approaches. The direction of “Hani” indicates that using local culture (Pandalungan language) in each storyline and local actor character can create an entertaining and educating comedy film. Further, the film produced is an audiovisual work that is easily understandable by the local community.

BACKGROUND: With blood component therapy becoming the standard of care in transfusion medicine globally, the quality control (QC) of these components has become a routine and mandatory program in all blood centers. Extensive utilization of blood components has been observed in our multidisciplinary tertiary care hospital. We use quadruple bag systems and automated component extraction facilities for collection and processing of whole blood (WB). In this study, we analyzed our data relating to QC of all blood components which we prepare and issue for transfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective 5-year study comprised 47,430 WB collections which were separated into blood components using quadruple bags and automated component extraction machine. A total of 90 units of WB were processed into blood components for the machine calibration and validation. Routine use of the system was started once the calibration and validation results were acceptable. At least 1% of each component prepared was subjected to QC as per departmental standard operating procedures. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS statistical package. RESULTS: The mean volume, hematocrit (Hct), platelet (PLT), and white blood cell (WBC) in 350 and 450 mL WB units were 394.63 mL, 39.43%, 0.93 × 1011, and 3.12 × 109 and 507.75 mL, 40.72%, 1.13 × 1011, and 3.45 × 109, respectively, with mean recovery of PLT and WBC in buffy coat being 95.54% and 68.63% and 97.87% and 74.51%, respectively. As high as 89.91% RBC recovery was noted in the packed red blood cell units which were subjected to QC. QC of random donor platelets was performed in 979 (2.36%) units with acceptable results. The mean fibrinogen and FVIII values were estimated to be 469.17 mg and 217.34 IU (1.07 IU/mL) and 600.21 mg and 273.39 IU (1.11 IU/mL) in fresh frozen plasma units prepared from 350 and 450 mL WB, respectively. A total of 578 (1.62%) units of cryoprecipitate were investigated for QC with favorable results. CONCLUSION: We conclude that QC data generated in this study will provide invaluable information about the performance of the latest blood collection systems. QC of all blood components under study complied with both national and international standards. We opine that all blood centers should establish a complete QC program and adhere to departmental protocols and manufacturer's instructions for its execution and effective outcome.

Rice crop improvement is determined by the degree of genetic variability and the heritability of favorable genes. A total of twenty-five SSR markers were used to measure the level of polymorphism and genetic variation among the 65 rice genotypes. Twenty-one of the twenty-five SSRs were discovered to be polymorphic, whereas the rest were determined to be monomorphic. A total of 91 alleles were found in 21 SSR markers, with an average of 4.00 alleles which ranged from 3 (RM335, RM551, RM538 RM190, RM242 and RM270) to 7 (RM263). The average PIC value was 0.62 ranging from 0.28 (RM 270) to 0.76 (RM 481). The rice genotypes were divided into nine primary clusters by a dendrogram based on NTSYS software’s UPGMA analysis. The cluster analysis revealed that these genotypes were divided into nine clusters where cluster IB-1a has the most genotypes (31) followed by cluster IB-1b (24).The genotype BR24 and Utri as well as Pukhi and WANGI PUTEH had the highest dissimilarity coefficient values indicating genotype diversity. These accessions have a lot of genetic diversity among the constituents; thus, they could be used directly in a hybridization program to improve yield-related parameters.

Abstract Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder, which is caused by the CFTR protein defects. Along with CFTR dysfunction, inflammation plays a key role in the disease outcomes. Inflammation may develop due to the internal dysfunction of the CFTR protein or external factors. Curcumin affects the CFTR protein function primarily as a corrector and potentiator and secondary as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. The present study aims to assess the impact of nano-curcumin on clinical and inflammatory markers in children with CF. Methods This prospective, double blind control trial will be conducted at the Akbar Children’s Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Children with CF will be enrolled based on the eligibility criteria. Placebo and curcumin with the maximum dose of 80 mg considering the body surface of the patients will be administrated for 3 months. The primary outcome is to evaluate inflammation based on serum interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and hs-CRP, stool calprotectin, and neutrophil count of nasopharyngeal swab. The secondary outcome involved clinical assessment via spirometry, anthropometrics, and quality of life. They will be assessed before and after 3 months. Discussion Due to the multifarious effects of curcumin on CF disease, it could be proposed as a nutritional strategy in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20200705048018N1 . Registered on July 10, 2020.