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455 results on '"Maffei, Massimo E."'

3. The Novel A-Type Proanthocyanidin-Rich Phytocomplex SP4™ Acts as a Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agent against Human Respiratory Viruses.

Author

Sibille, Giulia, Mannino, Giuseppe, Frasson, Ilaria, Pavan, Marta, Luganini, Anna, Salata, Cristiano, Maffei, Massimo E., and Gribaudo, Giorgio

Subjects
RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2, VIRUS diseases, INFLUENZA A virus, ANTIVIRAL agents, INFLUENZA B virus, INFLUENZA viruses
Abstract

The appearance of new respiratory virus infections in humans with epidemic or pandemic potential has underscored the urgent need for effective broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAs). Bioactive compounds derived from plants may provide a natural source of new BSA candidates. Here, we investigated the novel phytocomplex formulation SP4™ as a candidate direct-acting BSA against major current human respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses and influenza viruses. SP4™ inhibited the in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2, hCoV-OC43, hCoV-229E, Influenza A and B viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus in the low-microgram range. Using hCoV-OC43 as a representative respiratory virus, most of the antiviral activity of SP4™ was observed to stem primarily from its dimeric A-type proanthocyanidin (PAC-A) component. Further investigations of the mechanistic mode of action showed SP4™ and its PAC-A-rich fraction to prevent hCoV-OC43 from attaching to target cells and exert virucidal activity. This occurred through their interaction with the spike protein of hCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2, thereby interfering with spike functions and leading to the loss of virion infectivity. Overall, these findings support the further development of SP4™ as a candidate BSA of a natural origin for the prevention of human respiratory virus infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Corrigendum

Author

Iida, Junya, primary, Desaki, Yoshitake, additional, Hata, Kumiko, additional, Uemura, Takuya, additional, Yasuno, Ayano, additional, Islam, Monirul, additional, Maffei, Massimo E., additional, Ozawa, Rika, additional, Nakajima, Tadaaki, additional, Galis, Ivan, additional, and Arimura, Gen‐ichiro, additional

Published
2023
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29. 14-3-3 Proteins and the Plasma Membrane H + -ATPase Are Involved in Maize (Zea mays) Magnetic Induction.

Author

Fiorillo, Anna, Parmagnani, Ambra S., Visconti, Sabina, Mannino, Giuseppe, Camoni, Lorenzo, and Maffei, Massimo E.

Subjects
ELECTROMAGNETIC induction, BLOOD proteins, CELL membranes, MEMBRANE proteins, GEOMAGNETISM, CORN, ROOT growth
Abstract

The geomagnetic field (GMF) is a natural component of the biosphere, and, during evolution, all organisms experienced its presence while some evolved the ability to perceive magnetic fields (MF). We studied the response of 14-3-3 proteins and the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump H+-ATPase to reduced GMF values by lowering the GMF intensity to a near-null magnetic field (NNMF). Seedling morphology, H+-ATPase activity and content, 14-3-3 protein content, binding to PM and phosphorylation, gene expression, and ROS quantification were assessed in maize (Zea mays) dark-grown seedlings. Phytohormone and melatonin quantification were also assessed by LG-MS/MS. Our results suggest that the GMF regulates the PM H+-ATPase, and that NNMF conditions alter the proton pump activity by reducing the binding of 14-3-3 proteins. This effect was associated with both a reduction in H2O2 and downregulation of genes coding for enzymes involved in ROS production and scavenging, as well as calcium homeostasis. These early events were followed by the downregulation of IAA synthesis and gene expression and the increase in both cytokinin and ABA, which were associated with a reduction in root growth. The expression of the homolog of the MagR gene, ZmISCA2, paralleled that of CRY1, suggesting a possible role of ISCA in maize magnetic induction. Interestingly, melatonin, a widespread molecule present in many kingdoms, was increased by the GMF reduction, suggesting a still unknown role of this molecule in magnetoreception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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