Search

The prescription of a course of oral antibiotics following bone grafting procedures is a common practice in clinical periodontics to reduce surgical site infections. The goal of this study is to characterize the release profile of antibiotics via local delivery using dendrimer hydrogels (DH) and to analyze the effect of two different particulate bone allografts on the release of the antibiotics in vitro. DH were synthesized from polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G5 and polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and cefazolin was chosen as the antibiotic. The antibiotic-loaded samples were bathed in PBS and incubated at 37 °C; aliquots were taken (1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h) and analyzed using HPLC to determine the amounts of released cefazolin. In samples with DH, the estimated maximum concentration of cefazolin was 36.97 ± 2.39 μg/mL (95% CI: 34.58–39.36) with 50% released in 4.17 h (95%: 3.26–5.07) and an estimated growth rate of 0.27 (95% CI: 0.17–0.37). For samples without DH, the estimated maximum concentration of cefazolin was 167.4 ± 7.0 μg/mL (95% CI: 160.4–174.4) with 50% released in 2.36 h (95% CI: 2.05–2.67) and an estimated growth rate of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.54–0.87). We conclude that DH are a promising platform for sustained antibiotic release and that the presence of bone grafts did not significantly affect their release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) aims to regenerate the lost attachment apparatus caused by periodontal disease through the use of a membrane. The goal of this study is to create and characterize a novel hybrid membrane that contains biologically active fibrin matrix within a synthetic polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun membrane. Three-dimensional fibrin matrices and fibrin-incorporated electrospun membrane were created from fresh frozen plasma by centrifugation in glass vials under three different conditions: 400 g for 12 min, 1450 g for 15 min and 3000 g for 60 min. Half the membranes were crosslinked with 1% genipin. Degradation against trypsin indicated biologic stability while uniaxial tensile testing characterized mechanical properties. Continuous data was analyzed by ANOVA to detect differences between groups (p = 0.05). Fibrin-incorporated electrospun membranes showed statistically significant increase in mechanical properties (elastic modulus, strain at break and energy to break) compared to fibrin matrices. While crosslinking had marginal effects on mechanical properties, it did significantly increase biologic stability against trypsin (p < 0.0001). Lastly, membranes generated at 400 g and 1450 g were superior in mechanical properties and biologic stability compared to those generated at 3000 g. Fibrin-incorporated, crosslinked electrospun PCL membranes generated at lower centrifugation forces offers a novel strategy to generate a potentially superior membrane for GTR procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]