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3. The Perspectives of Senior Researchers in Applied Disciplines on the Current State of Developmental Attachment Research:An Interview Study

Author

Mann, A, Thompson, M, Foster, S, Beckwith, H, Madigan, S, Fearon, RP, Schuengel, C, Duschinsky, R, Madigan, Sheri [0000-0002-7536-3258], Schuengel, Carlo [0000-0001-5501-3341], Duschinsky, Robbie [0000-0003-2023-5328], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Madigan, S [0000-0002-7536-3258], Schuengel, C [0000-0001-5501-3341], and Duschinsky, R [0000-0003-2023-5328]

Subjects
weaknesses, knowledge, strengths, applied research, attachment research
Abstract

Aims: Based on interviews with leading researchers and researcher-clinicians in fields allied to attachment research, this paper describes participants’ perceptions of contemporary attachment research in the developmental tradition. Method: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 research leaders in applied disciplines cognate to attachment research. Results: Participants perceived attachment research as having played a foundational role for developmental science, including highlighting the importance of a developmental perspective and attention to early caregiving experiences. They also identified important contemporary strengths in developmental attachment research, including the observational acuity and insightfulness of its measures, its attention to dyadic processes in contrast to much of biomedicine, the development of a number of attachment-based interventions with well-articulated mechanisms of action, and the capacity of developmental attachment concepts to resonate with clinical and popular audiences. However, participants suggested that the developmental tradition is also perceived as having a comparatively high ‘cost of entry’, and consequently they warned that it has become somewhat separated from wider developmental science, with its growing prominence of biological research, scalability of methods, and less reliance on theory. Conclusions: Participants perceived both strengths and weaknesses to contemporary developmental attachment research. However they felt that the classic concerns of developmental attachment research were placing the field potentially at odds with current trends in developmental science.

Published
2023

4. The latent structure of the adult attachment interview: Large sample evidence from the collaboration on attachment transmission synthesis

Author

Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W, Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., Monique van Londen-Barentsen W., Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W, Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., and Monique van Londen-Barentsen W.

Abstract

The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is a widely used measure in developmental science that assesses adults' current states of mind regarding early attachment-related experiences with their primary caregivers. The standard system for coding the AAI recommends classifying individuals categorically as having an autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved attachment state of mind. However, previous factor and taxometric analyses suggest that: (a) adults' attachment states of mind are captured by two weakly correlated factors reflecting adults' dismissing and preoccupied states of mind and (b) individual differences on these factors are continuously rather than categorically distributed. The current study revisited these suggestions about the latent structure of AAI scales by leveraging individual participant data from 40 studies (N = 3,218), with a particular focus on the controversial observation from prior factor analytic work that indicators of preoccupied states of mind and indicators of unresolved states of mind about loss and trauma loaded on a common factor. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that: (a) a 2-factor model with weakly correlated dismissing and preoccupied factors and (b) a 3-factor model that further distinguished unresolved from preoccupied states of mind were both compatible with the data. The preoccupied and unresolved factors in the 3-factor model were highly correlated. Taxometric analyses suggested that individual differences in dismissing, preoccupied, and unresolved states of mind were more consistent with a continuous than a categorical model. The importance of additional tests of predictive validity of the various models is emphasized.

Published
2022

5. Conceptual comparison of constructs as first step in data harmonization: Parental sensitivity, child temperament, and social support as illustrations

Author

Verhage, M, Schuengel, C, Holopainen, A, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Brown, G, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Vaever, M, Wong, M, Barone, L, Behrens, K, Behringer, J, Bovenschen, I, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Fearon, R, Finger, B, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jongenelen, I, Koppe, S, Lionetti, F, Mangelsdorf, S, Oosterman, M, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Simonelli, A, Spangler, G, Tarabulsy, G, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Brice, P, Brisch, K, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Jin, M, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Leerkes, E, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Millan, S, Murray, L, Nowacki, K, Pederson, D, Priddis, L, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Steele, M, Steele, H, Teti, D, van IJzendoorn, M, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, Verhage M. L., Schuengel C., Holopainen A., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Brown G. L., Madigan S., Roisman G. I., Vaever M. S., Wong M. S., Barone L., Behrens K. Y., Behringer J., Bovenschen I., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Ensink K., Fearon R. M. P., Finger B., Hautamaki A., Hazen N. L., Ierardi E., Jongenelen I., Koppe S., Lionetti F., Mangelsdorf S., Oosterman M., Pace C. S., Raby K. L., Riva Crugnola C., Simonelli A., Spangler G., Tarabulsy G. M., Arnott B., Bailey H., Brice P. J., Brisch K. -H., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Gojman S., Harder S., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Jin M. K., Juffer F., Kazui M., Leerkes E. M., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Millan S., Murray L., Nowacki K., Pederson D. R., Priddis L., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Steele M., Steele H., Teti D. M., van IJzendoorn M. H., van Londen-Barentsen W. M., Ward M. J., Verhage, M, Schuengel, C, Holopainen, A, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Brown, G, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Vaever, M, Wong, M, Barone, L, Behrens, K, Behringer, J, Bovenschen, I, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Fearon, R, Finger, B, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jongenelen, I, Koppe, S, Lionetti, F, Mangelsdorf, S, Oosterman, M, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Simonelli, A, Spangler, G, Tarabulsy, G, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Brice, P, Brisch, K, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Jin, M, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Leerkes, E, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Millan, S, Murray, L, Nowacki, K, Pederson, D, Priddis, L, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Steele, M, Steele, H, Teti, D, van IJzendoorn, M, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, Verhage M. L., Schuengel C., Holopainen A., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Brown G. L., Madigan S., Roisman G. I., Vaever M. S., Wong M. S., Barone L., Behrens K. Y., Behringer J., Bovenschen I., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Ensink K., Fearon R. M. P., Finger B., Hautamaki A., Hazen N. L., Ierardi E., Jongenelen I., Koppe S., Lionetti F., Mangelsdorf S., Oosterman M., Pace C. S., Raby K. L., Riva Crugnola C., Simonelli A., Spangler G., Tarabulsy G. M., Arnott B., Bailey H., Brice P. J., Brisch K. -H., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Gojman S., Harder S., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Jin M. K., Juffer F., Kazui M., Leerkes E. M., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Millan S., Murray L., Nowacki K., Pederson D. R., Priddis L., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Steele M., Steele H., Teti D. M., van IJzendoorn M. H., van Londen-Barentsen W. M., and Ward M. J.

Abstract

This article presents a strategy for the initial step of data harmonization in Individual Participant Data syntheses, i.e., making decisions as to which measures operationalize the constructs of interest - and which do not. This step is vital in the process of data harmonization, because a study can only be as good as its measures. If the construct validity of the measures is in question, study results are questionable as well. Our proposed strategy for data harmonization consists of three steps. First, a unitary construct is defined based on the existing literature, preferably on the theoretical framework surrounding the construct. Second, the various instruments used to measure the construct are evaluated as operationalizations of this construct, and retained or excluded based on this evaluation. Third, the scores of the included measures are recoded on the same metric. We illustrate the use of this method with three example constructs focal to the Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis (CATS) study: parental sensitivity, child temperament, and social support. This process description may aid researchers in their data pooling studies, filling a gap in the literature on the first step of data harmonization. • Data harmonization in studies using combined datasets is of vital importance for the validity of the study results. • We have developed and illustrated a strategy on how to define a unitary construct and evaluate whether instruments are operationalizations of this construct as the initial step in the harmonization process. • This strategy is a transferable and reproducible method to apply to the data harmonization process.

Published
2022

8. Use of time in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a systematic review

Author

Hunt T, Madigan S, Williams MT, and Olds TS

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Toby Hunt,1,2 Sarah Madigan,2 Marie T Williams,3 Tim S Olds1 1Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, SA, Australia; 2Respiratory Clinical Research Unit, Repatriation General Hospital, Daw Park, SA, Australia; 3School of Population Health, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide, SA, Australia Abstract: “Physical inactivity” and “sedentary lifestyles” are phrases often used when describing lifestyles of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Evidence suggests activity types, independent of energy expenditure, influence health outcomes, so understanding patterns of time use is important, particularly in chronic disease. We aimed to identify reports of time use in people with COPD. Predefined search strategies were used with six electronic databases to identify individual activity reports (including frequencies and/or durations) in which community-dwelling people with COPD engaged. Eligible studies were assessed independently against predefined criteria and data were extracted by two reviewers. Data synthesis was achieved by aggregating activity reports into activity domains (sports/exercise, screen time, transport, quiet time, self-care, sociocultural, work/study, chores, and sleep). Twenty-six publications reported 37 specific daily activities. People with COPD were found to spend extended periods in sedentary behaviors (eg, standing [194 min/day]; sitting [359 min/day]; lying [88 min/day]), have limited engagement in physical activity (eg, walking [51 min/day]; exercising [1.2 episodes per week {ep/w}, 13 min/day]), have high health care needs (medical appointments [1.0 ep/w]), and experience difficulties associated with activities of daily living (eg, showering [2.5 ep/w, 60 minutes per episode]; preparing meals [4.7 ep/w]). Little data could be found describing how people with COPD use their time, and data synthesis was problematic because of variations in methodologies, population differences, and research emphases. Identified data largely referred to posture and were skewed according to country, assessment methods, and disease severity. Comparisons with age-matched population data showed people with COPD spent less time engaged in personal-care activities (self-care and sleeping) and chores than people in similar age groups. The incorporation of time-use outcomes in future research designs should be encouraged. Ideally, these tools should use consistent frameworks and comparable outcome measures in order to provide clearer descriptions of time use in chronic disease. Keywords: activities of daily living, human activities, leisure activities, sedentary lifestyles

Published
2014

9. The latent structure of the adult attachment interview: Large sample evidence from the collaboration on attachment transmission synthesis

Author

Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., Monique van Londen-Barentsen W., Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, and Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W

Subjects
Adult, Predictive validity, Individuality, 050109 social psychology, taxometric, Developmental Science, Developmental psychology, Interview, Psychological, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Categorical models, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Latent structure, Individual participant data, 05 social sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Object Attachment, Large sample, Standard system, Psychiatry and Mental health, factor analysi, Psychology, latent structure, Attachment measures, Adult Attachment Interview, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract

The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is a widely used measure in developmental science that assesses adults’ current states of mind regarding early attachment-related experiences with their primary caregivers. The standard system for coding the AAI recommends classifying individuals categorically as having an autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved attachment state of mind. However, previous factor and taxometric analyses suggest that: (a) adults’ attachment states of mind are captured by two weakly correlated factors reflecting adults’ dismissing and preoccupied states of mind and (b) individual differences on these factors are continuously rather than categorically distributed. The current study revisited these suggestions about the latent structure of AAI scales by leveraging individual participant data from 40 studies (N = 3,218), with a particular focus on the controversial observation from prior factor analytic work that indicators of preoccupied states of mind and indicators of unresolved states of mind about loss and trauma loaded on a common factor. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that: (a) a 2-factor model with weakly correlated dismissing and preoccupied factors and (b) a 3-factor model that further distinguished unresolved from preoccupied states of mind were both compatible with the data. The preoccupied and unresolved factors in the 3-factor model were highly correlated. Taxometric analyses suggested that individual differences in dismissing, preoccupied, and unresolved states of mind were more consistent with a continuous than a categorical model. The importance of additional tests of predictive validity of the various models is emphasized.

Published
2020

11. Attachment goes to court: Child protection and custody issues

Author

Forslund, T, Granqvist, P, van IJzendoorn, MH, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Glaser, D, Steele, M, Hammarlund, M, Schuengel, C, Bakermans-Kranenburg, MJ, Steele, H, Shaver, PR, Lux, U, Simmonds, J, Jacobvitz, D, Groh, AM, Bernard, K, Cyr, C, Hazen, NL, Foster, S, Psouni, E, Cowan, PA, Cowan, CP, Rifkin-Graboi, A, Wilkins, D, Pierrehumbert, B, Tarabulsy, GM, Cárcamo, RA, Wang, Z, Liang, X, Kázmierczak, M, Pawlicka, P, Ayiro, L, Chansa, T, Sichimba, F, Mooya, H, McLean, L, Verissimo, M, Gojman-De-Millán, S, Moretti, MM, Bacro, F, Peltola, MJ, Galbally, M, Kondo-Ikemura, K, Behrens, KY, Scott, S, Rodriguez, AF, Spencer, R, Posada, G, Cassibba, R, Barrantes-Vidal, N, Palacios, J, Barone, L, Madigan, S, Mason-Jones, K, Reijman, S, Juffer, F, Fearon, RP, Bernier, A, Cicchetti, D, Roisman, GI, Cassidy, J, Kindler, H, Zimmerman, P, Feldman, R, Spangle, G, Zeanah, CH, Dozier, M, Belsky, J, Lamb, ME, Duschinsky, R, Forslund, T, Granqvist, P, van IJzendoorn, MH, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Glaser, D, Steele, M, Hammarlund, M, Schuengel, C, Bakermans-Kranenburg, MJ, Steele, H, Shaver, PR, Lux, U, Simmonds, J, Jacobvitz, D, Groh, AM, Bernard, K, Cyr, C, Hazen, NL, Foster, S, Psouni, E, Cowan, PA, Cowan, CP, Rifkin-Graboi, A, Wilkins, D, Pierrehumbert, B, Tarabulsy, GM, Cárcamo, RA, Wang, Z, Liang, X, Kázmierczak, M, Pawlicka, P, Ayiro, L, Chansa, T, Sichimba, F, Mooya, H, McLean, L, Verissimo, M, Gojman-De-Millán, S, Moretti, MM, Bacro, F, Peltola, MJ, Galbally, M, Kondo-Ikemura, K, Behrens, KY, Scott, S, Rodriguez, AF, Spencer, R, Posada, G, Cassibba, R, Barrantes-Vidal, N, Palacios, J, Barone, L, Madigan, S, Mason-Jones, K, Reijman, S, Juffer, F, Fearon, RP, Bernier, A, Cicchetti, D, Roisman, GI, Cassidy, J, Kindler, H, Zimmerman, P, Feldman, R, Spangle, G, Zeanah, CH, Dozier, M, Belsky, J, Lamb, ME, and Duschinsky, R

Published
2022

12. Attachment goes to court: Child protection and custody issues

Author

Forslund, T., Granqvist, P., van IJzendoorn, M.H., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Glaser, D., Steele, M., Hammarlund, M., Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Steele, H., Shaver, P.R., Lux, U., Simmonds, J., Jacobvitz, D., Groh, A.M., Bernard, K., Cyr, C., Hazen, N.L., Foster, S., Psouni, E., Cowan, P.A., Pape Cowan, C., Rifkin-Graboi, A., Wilkins, D., Pierrehumbert, B., Tarabulsy, G.M., Carcamo, R.A., Wang, Z., Liang, X., Kázmierczak, M., Pawlicka, P., Ayiro, L., Chansa, T., Sichimba, F., Mooya, H., McLean, L., Verissimo, M., Gojman-de-Millán, S., Moretti, M.M., Bacro, F., Peltola, M.J., Galbally, M., Kondo-Ikemura, K., Behrens, K.Y., Scott, S., Rodriguez, A.F., Spencer, R., Posada, G., Cassibba, R., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Palacios, J., Barone, L., Madigan, S., Mason-Jones, K., Reijman, S., Juffer, F., Pasco Fearon, R., Bernier, A., Cicchetti, D., Roisman, G.I., Cassidy, J., Kindler, H., Zimmermann, P., Feldman, R., Spangler, G., Zeanah, C.H., Dozier, M., Belsky, J., Lamb, M.E., Duschinsky, R., Forslund, T., Granqvist, P., van IJzendoorn, M.H., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Glaser, D., Steele, M., Hammarlund, M., Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Steele, H., Shaver, P.R., Lux, U., Simmonds, J., Jacobvitz, D., Groh, A.M., Bernard, K., Cyr, C., Hazen, N.L., Foster, S., Psouni, E., Cowan, P.A., Pape Cowan, C., Rifkin-Graboi, A., Wilkins, D., Pierrehumbert, B., Tarabulsy, G.M., Carcamo, R.A., Wang, Z., Liang, X., Kázmierczak, M., Pawlicka, P., Ayiro, L., Chansa, T., Sichimba, F., Mooya, H., McLean, L., Verissimo, M., Gojman-de-Millán, S., Moretti, M.M., Bacro, F., Peltola, M.J., Galbally, M., Kondo-Ikemura, K., Behrens, K.Y., Scott, S., Rodriguez, A.F., Spencer, R., Posada, G., Cassibba, R., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Palacios, J., Barone, L., Madigan, S., Mason-Jones, K., Reijman, S., Juffer, F., Pasco Fearon, R., Bernier, A., Cicchetti, D., Roisman, G.I., Cassidy, J., Kindler, H., Zimmermann, P., Feldman, R., Spangler, G., Zeanah, C.H., Dozier, M., Belsky, J., Lamb, M.E., and Duschinsky, R.

Abstract

Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. The article is divided into two parts. In the first, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child’s need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration.

Published
2021

13. Attachment goes to court: child protection and custody issues

Author

Forslund, T. (Tommie), Granqvist, P. (Pehr), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Sagi-Schwartz, A. (Avi), Glaser, D. (Danya), Steele, M. (Miriam), Hammarlund, M. (Mårten), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian), Steele, H. (Howard), Shaver, P.R. (Phillip R.), Lux, U. (Ulrike), Simmonds, J. (John), Jacobvitz, D. (Deborah), Groh, A.M. (Ashley M.), Bernard, K. (Kristin), Cyr, C. (Chantal), Hazen, N.L. (Nancy L.), Foster, S. (Sarah), Psouni, E. (Elia), Cowan, P.A. (Philip A.), Pape Cowan, C. (Carolyn), Rifkin-Graboi, A. (Anne), Wilkins, D. (David), Pierrehumbert, B. (Blaise), Tarabulsy, G.M. (George M.), Carcamo, R.A. (Rodrigo A.), Wang, Z. (Zhengyan), Liang, X. (Xi), Kázmierczak, M. (Maria), Pawlicka, P. (Paulina), Ayiro, L. (Lilian), Chansa, T. (Tamara), Sichimba, F. (Francis), Mooya, H. (Haatembo), McLean, L. (Loyola), Verissimo, M. (Manuela), Gojman-de-Millán, S. (Sonia), Moretti, M.M. (Marlene M.), Bacro, F. (Fabien), Peltola, M.J. (Mikko J.), Galbally, M. (Megan), Kondo-Ikemura, K. (Kiyomi), Behrens, K.Y. (Kazuko Y.), Scott, S. (Stephen), Rodriguez, A.F. (Andrés Fresno), Spencer, R. (Rosario), Posada, G. (Germán), Cassibba, R. (Rosalinda), Barrantes-Vidal, N. (Neus), Palacios, J. (Jesus), Barone, L. (Lavinia), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Mason-Jones, K. (Karen), Reijman, S. (Sophie), Juffer, F. (Femmie), Pasco Fearon, R. (R.), Bernier, A. (Annie), Cicchetti, D. (Dante), Roisman, G.I. (Glenn), Cassidy, J. (Jude), Kindler, H. (Heinz), Zimmerman, P. (Peter), Feldman, R. (Ruth), Spangler, G. (Gottfried), Zeanah, C.H. (Charles H.), Dozier, M. (Mary), Belsky, J. (Jay), Lamb, M.E. (Michael E.), Duschinsky, R. (Robbie), Forslund, T. (Tommie), Granqvist, P. (Pehr), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Sagi-Schwartz, A. (Avi), Glaser, D. (Danya), Steele, M. (Miriam), Hammarlund, M. (Mårten), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian), Steele, H. (Howard), Shaver, P.R. (Phillip R.), Lux, U. (Ulrike), Simmonds, J. (John), Jacobvitz, D. (Deborah), Groh, A.M. (Ashley M.), Bernard, K. (Kristin), Cyr, C. (Chantal), Hazen, N.L. (Nancy L.), Foster, S. (Sarah), Psouni, E. (Elia), Cowan, P.A. (Philip A.), Pape Cowan, C. (Carolyn), Rifkin-Graboi, A. (Anne), Wilkins, D. (David), Pierrehumbert, B. (Blaise), Tarabulsy, G.M. (George M.), Carcamo, R.A. (Rodrigo A.), Wang, Z. (Zhengyan), Liang, X. (Xi), Kázmierczak, M. (Maria), Pawlicka, P. (Paulina), Ayiro, L. (Lilian), Chansa, T. (Tamara), Sichimba, F. (Francis), Mooya, H. (Haatembo), McLean, L. (Loyola), Verissimo, M. (Manuela), Gojman-de-Millán, S. (Sonia), Moretti, M.M. (Marlene M.), Bacro, F. (Fabien), Peltola, M.J. (Mikko J.), Galbally, M. (Megan), Kondo-Ikemura, K. (Kiyomi), Behrens, K.Y. (Kazuko Y.), Scott, S. (Stephen), Rodriguez, A.F. (Andrés Fresno), Spencer, R. (Rosario), Posada, G. (Germán), Cassibba, R. (Rosalinda), Barrantes-Vidal, N. (Neus), Palacios, J. (Jesus), Barone, L. (Lavinia), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Mason-Jones, K. (Karen), Reijman, S. (Sophie), Juffer, F. (Femmie), Pasco Fearon, R. (R.), Bernier, A. (Annie), Cicchetti, D. (Dante), Roisman, G.I. (Glenn), Cassidy, J. (Jude), Kindler, H. (Heinz), Zimmerman, P. (Peter), Feldman, R. (Ruth), Spangler, G. (Gottfried), Zeanah, C.H. (Charles H.), Dozier, M. (Mary), Belsky, J. (Jay), Lamb, M.E. (Michael E.), and Duschinsky, R. (Robbie)

Abstract

Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. The article is divided into two parts. In the first, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child’s need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration.

Published
2021
Full Text
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14. El Apego Va a Juicio: Problemas de Custodia y Protección Infantil1

Author

Forslund, T., Granqvist, P., van IJzendoorn, M.H., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Glaser, D., Steele, M., Hammarlund, M., Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Steele, H., Shaver, P.R., Lux, U., Simmonds, J., Jacobvitz, D., Groh, A.M., Bernard, K., Cyr, C., Hazen, N.L., Foster, S., Psouni, E., Cowan, P.A., Cowan, C.P., Rifkin-Graboi, A., Wilkins, D., Pierrehumbert, B., Tarabulsy, G.M., Carcamo, R.A., Wang, Z., Liang, X., Kázmierczak, M., Pawlicka, P., Ayiro, L., Chansa, T., Sichimba, F., Mooya, H., McLean, L., Verissimo, M., Gojman-de-Millán, S., Moretti, M.M., Bacro, F., Peltola, M.J., Galbally, M., Kondo-Ikemura, K., Behrens, K.Y., Scott, S., Rodriguez, A.F., Spencer, R., Posada, G., Cassibba, R., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Palacios, J., Barone, L., Madigan, S., Mason-Jones, K., Reijman, S., Juffer, F., Fearon, R.P., Bernier, A., Cicchetti, D., Roisman, G.I., Cassidy, J., Kindler, H., Zimmermann, P., Feldman, R., Spangle, G., Zeanah, C.H., Dozier, M., Belsky, J., Lamb, M.E., Duschinsky, R., Forslund, T., Granqvist, P., van IJzendoorn, M.H., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Glaser, D., Steele, M., Hammarlund, M., Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Steele, H., Shaver, P.R., Lux, U., Simmonds, J., Jacobvitz, D., Groh, A.M., Bernard, K., Cyr, C., Hazen, N.L., Foster, S., Psouni, E., Cowan, P.A., Cowan, C.P., Rifkin-Graboi, A., Wilkins, D., Pierrehumbert, B., Tarabulsy, G.M., Carcamo, R.A., Wang, Z., Liang, X., Kázmierczak, M., Pawlicka, P., Ayiro, L., Chansa, T., Sichimba, F., Mooya, H., McLean, L., Verissimo, M., Gojman-de-Millán, S., Moretti, M.M., Bacro, F., Peltola, M.J., Galbally, M., Kondo-Ikemura, K., Behrens, K.Y., Scott, S., Rodriguez, A.F., Spencer, R., Posada, G., Cassibba, R., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Palacios, J., Barone, L., Madigan, S., Mason-Jones, K., Reijman, S., Juffer, F., Fearon, R.P., Bernier, A., Cicchetti, D., Roisman, G.I., Cassidy, J., Kindler, H., Zimmermann, P., Feldman, R., Spangle, G., Zeanah, C.H., Dozier, M., Belsky, J., Lamb, M.E., and Duschinsky, R.

Abstract

Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child’s need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration.

Published
2021

20. The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis (CATS): A Move to the Level of Individual-Participant-Data Meta-Analysis

Author

Verhage, M.L. (Marije), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Duschinsky, R. (Robbie), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Fearon, R.M.P. (R. M. Pasco), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Roisman, G.I. (Glenn), Bakermans–Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian J.), Oosterman, M. (Mirjam), Verhage, M.L. (Marije), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Duschinsky, R. (Robbie), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Fearon, R.M.P. (R. M. Pasco), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Roisman, G.I. (Glenn), Bakermans–Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian J.), and Oosterman, M. (Mirjam)

Abstract

Generations of researchers have tested and used attachment theory to understand children’s development. To bring coherence to the expansive set of findings from small-sample studies, the field early on adopted meta-analysis. Nevertheless, gaps in understanding intergenerational transmission of individual differences in attachment continue to exist. We discuss how attachment research has been addressing these challenges by collaborating in formulating questions and pooling data and resources for individual-participant-data meta-analyses. The collaborative model means that sharing hard-won and valuable data goes hand in hand with directly and intensively interacting with a large community of researchers in the initiation phase of research, deliberating on and critically reviewing new hypotheses, and providing access to a large, carefully curated pool of data for testing these hypotheses. Challenges in pooling data are also discussed.

Published
2020
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22. Below the major classifications

Author

Fearon, R. M. P., Verhage, M.L., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Schuengel, Carlo, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Madigan, S., Roisman, G. I., Oosterman, M., Clinical Child and Family Studies, APH - Mental Health, and LEARN! - Social cognition and learning

Published
2019

24. Irish Gerontological Society: Proceedings of annual scientific and general meeting held October 1993

Author

Healy, M., O’Moore, R., Keane, E. M., Coakley, D., Walsh, J. B., Tully, M., Swanwick, G., Coen, R., Bruce, I., O’Mahony, D., Radic, A., O’Kelly, F., O’Doherty, M., Lawlor, B. A., Lee, H., Conway, J., Keane, E., Ng, K., Murphy, S., Khaw, K-T., May, H., Compston, J. E., Taggart, H., Crawford, V., Twomey, C., Delaney, L., Crowley, M., Hyland, M., Hegarty, V., Donovan, M. C., Pye, M., Reardon, M., Coleman, P., Hyland, C. M., Scott, T., Keane, C. T., Farragher, B., O’Connor, A., Quinn, E., Mahony, D., Rowan, M., Buggy, F., Freyne, A., Wrigley, M., Passmore, A. P., Crawford, V. L. S., Beringer, T. R. O., Gilmore, D. H., Hussain, A., Grant, D., Montgomery, A., Hemeryck, L., McCormack, P. M. E., Sheehan, N., Guely, A., Leonard, L., Caulfield, D., Nic Cártaigh, M., Feely, J., Mulkerrin, E., Clark, B. A., Epstein, F. H., Keane, N., McCabe, E., Shepherd, M., O’Donnell, M. J., Cooper, R. A., Nurzaman, M., Brooks, R. W., Sinha, S. K., Kane, D., McKiernan, M., Crowe, J., Lennon, J., Sheehan, J., Rearden, M., Hyland, M., Tracey, F., Lawson, J. T., Stout, R. W., Williams, H., Naguib, M., O’Keefe, S., Lavan, J., Madigan, S. M., McNulty, H., Eaton-Evans, J., Strain, J. J., Stanwick, G., Horgan, F., Keating, D., Crowe, M., McNamara, A., Leahy, P., Healy, S., Moraes, D., Tyrell, J., Crawford, V. L. S., O’Keeffe, S., Glasgow, R., Tormey, W., Finucane, P., Nair, B. K., McCann, C., Coen, R. F., O’Boyle, C. A., Joyce, C. R. B., Hiltbrunner, B., Clarke, R., and Cooney, J.

Published
1994
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26. Examining Ecological Constraints on the Intergenerational Transmission of Attachment Via Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis

Author

Verhage, M, Fearon, R, Schuengel, C, van IJzendoorn, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Oosterman, M, Behrens, K, Wong, M, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Brisch, K, Arnott, B, Aviezer, O, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Bernier, A, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Cyr, C, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Finger, B, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jin, M, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Steele, H, Steele, M, Tarabulsy, G, Væver, M, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Køppe, S, Millán, S, Murray, L, Pederson, D, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Teti, D, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission, S, Verhage, Marije L., Fearon, R. M. Pasco, Schuengel, Carlo, van IJzendoorn, Marinus H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Madigan, Sheri, Roisman, Glenn I., Oosterman, Mirjam, Behrens, Kazuko Y., Wong, Maria S., Mangelsdorf, Sarah, Priddis, Lynn E., Brisch, Karl-Heinz, Arnott, B., Aviezer, O., Bailey, H., Behringer, J., Bernier, A., Cassibba, R., Cassidy, J., Coppola, G., Costantini, A., Cyr, C., Dozier, M., Ensink, K., Finger, B., Gojman, S., Harder, S., Hautamaki, A., Hazen, N. L., Ierardi, E., Jin, M. K., Jongenelen, I., Leerkes, E. M., Lionetti, F., Lyons-Ruth, K., McMahon, C., Meins, E., Pace, C. S., Priddis, L., Raby, K. L., Riva Crugnola, C., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Steele, H., Steele, M., Tarabulsy, G. M., Væver, M. S., Brice, P. J., Castoro, G., Costantino, E., George, C., Gloger-Tippelt, G., Howes, C., Jacobvitz, D., Juffer, F., Kazui, M., Køppe, S., Millán, S., Murray, L., Pederson, D. R., Simonelli, A., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Teti, D. M., van Londen-Barentsen, W. M., Ward, M. J., The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis, Verhage, M, Fearon, R, Schuengel, C, van IJzendoorn, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Oosterman, M, Behrens, K, Wong, M, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Brisch, K, Arnott, B, Aviezer, O, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Bernier, A, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Cyr, C, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Finger, B, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jin, M, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Steele, H, Steele, M, Tarabulsy, G, Væver, M, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Køppe, S, Millán, S, Murray, L, Pederson, D, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Teti, D, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission, S, Verhage, Marije L., Fearon, R. M. Pasco, Schuengel, Carlo, van IJzendoorn, Marinus H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Madigan, Sheri, Roisman, Glenn I., Oosterman, Mirjam, Behrens, Kazuko Y., Wong, Maria S., Mangelsdorf, Sarah, Priddis, Lynn E., Brisch, Karl-Heinz, Arnott, B., Aviezer, O., Bailey, H., Behringer, J., Bernier, A., Cassibba, R., Cassidy, J., Coppola, G., Costantini, A., Cyr, C., Dozier, M., Ensink, K., Finger, B., Gojman, S., Harder, S., Hautamaki, A., Hazen, N. L., Ierardi, E., Jin, M. K., Jongenelen, I., Leerkes, E. M., Lionetti, F., Lyons-Ruth, K., McMahon, C., Meins, E., Pace, C. S., Priddis, L., Raby, K. L., Riva Crugnola, C., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Steele, H., Steele, M., Tarabulsy, G. M., Væver, M. S., Brice, P. J., Castoro, G., Costantino, E., George, C., Gloger-Tippelt, G., Howes, C., Jacobvitz, D., Juffer, F., Kazui, M., Køppe, S., Millán, S., Murray, L., Pederson, D. R., Simonelli, A., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Teti, D. M., van Londen-Barentsen, W. M., Ward, M. J., and The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis

Abstract

Parents’ attachment representations and child–parent attachment have been shown to be associated, but these associations vary across populations (Verhage et al., 2016). The current study examined whether ecological factors may explain variability in the strength of intergenerational transmission of attachment, using individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. Analyses on 4,396 parent–child dyads (58 studies, child age 11–96 months) revealed a combined effect size of r =.29. IPD meta-analyses revealed that effect sizes for the transmission of autonomous-secure representations to secure attachments were weaker under risk conditions and weaker in adolescent parent–child dyads, whereas transmission was stronger for older children. Findings support the ecological constraints hypothesis on attachment transmission. Implications for attachment theory and the use of IPD meta-analysis are discussed.

Published
2018

29. Disorganized attachment in infancy: a review of the phenomenon and its implications for clinicians and policy-makers

Author

Granqvist, P. (Pehr), Sroufe, L.A. (L. Alan), Dozier, M. (Mary), Hesse, E. (Erik), Steele, M. (Miriam), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Solomon, J. (Judith), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Fearon, P. (Pasco), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian), Steele, H. (Howard), Cassidy, J. (Jude), Carlson, E. (Elizabeth), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Jacobvitz, D. (Deborah), Foster, S. (Sarah), Behrens, K. (Kazuko), Rifkin-Graboi, A. (Anne), Gribneau, N. (Naomi), Spangler, G. (Gottfried), Ward, M.J. (Mary J), True, M. (Mary), Spieker, S. (Susan), Reijman, S. (Sophie), Reisz, S. (Samantha), Tharner, A. (Anne), Nkara, F. (Frances), Goldwyn, R. (Ruth), Sroufe, J. (June), Pederson, D. (David), Pederson, D. (Deanne), Weigand, R. (Robert), Siegel, D. (Daniel), Dazzi, N. (Nino), Bernard, K. (Kristin), Fonagy, P. (Peter), Waters, E. (Everett), Toth, S. (Sheree), Cicchetti, D. (Dante), Zeanah, C.H. (Charles H), Lyons-Ruth, K. (Karlen), Main, M. (Mary), Duschinsky, R. (Robbie), Granqvist, P. (Pehr), Sroufe, L.A. (L. Alan), Dozier, M. (Mary), Hesse, E. (Erik), Steele, M. (Miriam), IJzendoorn, M.H. (Rien) van, Solomon, J. (Judith), Schuengel, C. (Carlo), Fearon, P. (Pasco), Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J. (Marian), Steele, H. (Howard), Cassidy, J. (Jude), Carlson, E. (Elizabeth), Madigan, S. (Sheri), Jacobvitz, D. (Deborah), Foster, S. (Sarah), Behrens, K. (Kazuko), Rifkin-Graboi, A. (Anne), Gribneau, N. (Naomi), Spangler, G. (Gottfried), Ward, M.J. (Mary J), True, M. (Mary), Spieker, S. (Susan), Reijman, S. (Sophie), Reisz, S. (Samantha), Tharner, A. (Anne), Nkara, F. (Frances), Goldwyn, R. (Ruth), Sroufe, J. (June), Pederson, D. (David), Pederson, D. (Deanne), Weigand, R. (Robert), Siegel, D. (Daniel), Dazzi, N. (Nino), Bernard, K. (Kristin), Fonagy, P. (Peter), Waters, E. (Everett), Toth, S. (Sheree), Cicchetti, D. (Dante), Zeanah, C.H. (Charles H), Lyons-Ruth, K. (Karlen), Main, M. (Mary), and Duschinsky, R. (Robbie)

Abstract

Disorganized/Disoriented (D) attachment has seen widespread interest from policy makers, practitioners, and clinicians in recent years. However, some of this interest seems to have been based on some false assumptions that (1) attachment measures can be used as definitive assessments of the individual in forensic/child protection settings and that disorganized attachment (2) reliably indicates child maltreatment, (3) is a strong predictor of pathology, and (4) represents a fixed or static “trait” of the child, impervious to development or help. This paper summarizes the evidence showing that these four assumptions are false and misleading. The paper reviews what is known about disorganized infant attachment and clarifies the implications of the classification for clinical and welfare practice with children. In particular, the difference between disorganized attachment and attachment disorder is examined, and a

Published
2017
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30. Early Child–Parent Attachment and Peer Relations: A Meta-Analysis of Recent Peer-Relations Studies

Author

PALLINI, SUSANNA, Baiocco R, Schneider B, Madigan S, Atkinson L., Pallini, Susanna, Baiocco, R, Schneider, B, Madigan, S, and Atkinson, L.

Subjects
attachment Meta-analysis, peer relations
Abstract

A central tenet of Bowlby’s attachment theory is that early child– caregiver attachment is reflected in the quality of the child’s interpersonal relationships throughout life. Schneider, Atkinson, and Tardif (2001) conducted a meta-analysis of studies conducted up to 1998 to corroborate that contention. They found a significant but small to moderate effect size (r .20). Their finding that studies of friendship bonds had higher effect sizes than studies of other interpersonal relationships has important theoretical ramifications. The present brief report is a meta-analysis that covers research conducted for the same purpose since 1998. The sample consists of 44 studies with a total of 8505 participants. The overall effect size r of .19 (adjusted r .12; 95% confidence interval, .08 –.17) in the current study was similar in magnitude to the effect size reported in the 2001 meta-analysis, documenting consistency in the predictive power of attachment theory. However, we failed to replicate the moderating effect of friendship. One possible explanation for these findings is that the friendships of school-age children and adolescents no longer invoke very high levels of intimacy. Effect sizes are higher in studies conducted outside North America than in U.S.- and Canada-based studies.

Published
2014

31. Unresolved maternal representations of attachment, disrupted maternal behavior and disorganized attachment in infancy: Links to toddler behavior problems

Author

Madigan, S., Moran, G., Schuengel, C., Pederson, D.R., and Otten, R.

Subjects
Developmental Psychopathology
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 55976.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Background: Attachment theory's original formulation was substantially driven by Bowlby's (1969/1982) quest for a meaningful model of the development of psychopathology. Bowlby posited that aberrant experiences of parenting increase the child's risk of psychopathological outcomes, and that these risks are mediated by the quality of the attachment relationship. To empirically examine this hypothesis, the current study explores the associations between the development of toddler behavior problems and a) maternal unresolved attachment representations, b) maternal interactive behavior, and c) infant attachment relationships. Second, we test the mediating role of disorganized attachment in the association between disruptive behavior and toddler behavior problems, as well as unresolved attachment and behavior problems. Method: Sixty-four adolescent mother–infant dyads participated in this longitudinal study. The Adult Attachment Interview was administered at 6 months, the Strange Situation procedure was conducted at 12 months, disrupted behavior was assessed during play interactions at 12 months using the AMBIANCE measure, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess behavior problems at 24 months of age. Results: Maternal reports of externalizing problems were significantly associated with unresolved representations of attachment, disrupted maternal behavior, and disorganized attachment. Inclusion of these variables in a path analytic model suggested that disorganized attachment mediated the associations between disrupted maternal behavior and externalizing problems. Although the association between unresolved attachment representations and externalizing problems was no longer significant when mediation by disrupted behavior and disorganized attachment was taken into account, this indirect pathway was not significant. Conclusions: The results are consistent with Bowlby's (1969/1982) original conceptualization of the explanatory role of the attachment relationship in the development and manifestation of behavioral maladaptation. Effects of unresolved attachment on externalizing problems await further explanation.

Published
2007

32. Prevalence of Common Child Mental Health Disorders Using Administrative Health Data and Parent Report in a Prospective Community-Based Cohort from Alberta, Canada: Prévalence des troubles communs de santé mentale de l’enfant à l’aide des données de santé administratives et des rapports des parents dans une cohorte prospective communautaire d’Alberta, Canada

Author

Racine, N., Pitt, T., Premji, S., McDonald, S.W., Patten, S.B., Tough, S., and Madigan, S.

Abstract

Objective Knowing the prevalence of mental health difficulties in young children is critical for early identification and intervention. In the current study, we examine the agreement among three different data sources estimating the prevalence of diagnoses for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional disorders (i.e., anxiety or mood disorder) for children between birth and 9 years of age.Methods Data from a prospective pregnancy cohort was linked with provincial administrative health data for children in Alberta, Canada. We report the positive agreement, negative agreement, and Cohen's Kappa of parent-reported child diagnoses provided by a health professional (“parent report”), exceeding a clinical cut-off on a standardized questionnaire completed by parents (the Behavior Assessment System for Children, 3rd edition [“BASC-3”]), and cumulative inpatient, outpatient, or physician claims diagnoses (“administrative data”).Results Positive and negative agreement for administrative data and parent-reported ADHD diagnoses were 70.8% and 95.6%, respectively, and 30.5% and 94.9% for administrative data and the BASC-3, respectively. For emotional disorders, administrative data and parent-reported diagnoses had a positive agreement of 35.7% and negative agreement of 96.30%. Positive and negative agreement for emotional disorders using administrative data and the BASC-3 were 20.0% and 87.4%, respectively. Kappa coefficients were generally low, indicating poor chance-corrected agreement between these data sources.Conclusions The data sources highlighted in this study provide disparate agreement for the prevalence of ADHD and emotional disorder diagnoses in young children. Low Kappa coefficients suggest that parent-reported diagnoses, clinically elevated symptoms using a standardized questionnaire, and diagnoses from administrative data serve different purposes and provide discrete estimates of mental health difficulties in early childhood. Plain Language Title:Prevalence of child mental health disorders according to different data sources in Canada

Published
2024
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33. Narrowing the transmission gap: A synthesis of three decades of research on intergenerational transmission of attachment

Author

Verhage, M.L., Schuengel, C., Madigan, S., Fearon, R.M.P., Oosterman, M., Cassibba, R., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Van IJzendoorn, M.H., Verhage, M.L., Schuengel, C., Madigan, S., Fearon, R.M.P., Oosterman, M., Cassibba, R., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., and Van IJzendoorn, M.H.

Abstract

Twenty years ago, meta-analytic results (k 19) confirmed the association between caregiver attachment representations and child-caregiver attachment (Van IJzendoorn, 1995). A test of caregiver sensitivity as the mechanism behind this intergenerational transmission showed an intriguing "transmission gap." Since then, the intergenerational transmission of attachment and the transmission gap have been studied extensively, and now extend to diverse populations from all over the globe. Two decades later, the current review revisited the effect sizes of intergenerational transmission, the heterogeneity of the transmission effects, and the size of the transmission gap. Analyses were carried out with a total of 95 samples (total N 4,819). All analyses confirmed intergenerational transmission of attachment, with larger effect sizes for secure-autonomous transmission (r=31) than for unresolved transmission (r =21), albeit with significantly smaller effect sizes than 2 decades earlier (r=47 and r=31, respectively). Effect sizes were moderated by risk status of the sample, biological relatedness of child-caregiver dyads, and age of the children. Multivariate moderator analyses showed that unpublished and more recent studies had smaller effect sizes than published and older studies. Path analyses showed that the transmission could not be fully explained by caregiver sensitivity, with more recent studies narrowing but not bridging the "transmission gap." Implications for attachment theory as well as future directions for research are discussed.

Published
2016
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35. Oral spray wintertime vitamin D3 supplementation has no impact on inflammation in Gaelic footballers.

Author

Todd, J. J., McSorley, E. M., Pourshahidi, L. K., Madigan, S. M., Crowe, W., Laird, E. J., Healy, M., McNeilly, A., and Magee, P. J.

Subjects
BIOMARKERS, C-reactive protein, CYTOKINES, DIETARY supplements, DRUG administration, FOOTBALL, INFLAMMATION, LEUCOCYTES, LYMPHOCYTES, NEUTROPHILS, PLACEBOS, PROBABILITY theory, SEASONS, CHOLECALCIFEROL, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, BLIND experiment
Abstract

Vitamin D inadequacy [total 25( OH)D <50 nmol/L] is widespread in athletes. The biologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, may be involved in regulating inflammation although in vitro findings have not been consistently replicated in human intervention trials. This study, conducted at a latitude of 55°N, aimed to assess inflammatory biomarkers in Gaelic footballers before and after a wintertime vitamin D3 intervention. Samples from a 12-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, in which 42 Gaelic footballers received 3000 IU (75 μg) vitamin D3 daily or placebo via oral spray solutions, were analysed for a range of inflammatory biomarkers. Cytokines (interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α), cathelicidin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein were quantified by multiplex assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and clinical biochemistry, respectively. White blood cell, lymphocyte, and neutrophil concentrations were determined by full blood profile. Data on total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, measured by LC- MS/ MS, were available from the previous study. Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly increased mean total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations from 47 to 84 nmol/L ( P = 0.006); yet this had no effect on white blood cell count ( P = 0.699), lymphocyte ( P = 0.694), neutrophil ( P = 0.594), interleukin-8 ( P = 0.334), tumor necrosis factor-α ( P = 0.587), cathelicidin ( P = 0.745) or high sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration ( P = 0.621) compared to placebo. 12-weeks vitamin D3 supplementation did not impact the immune profile of Gaelic footballers. This is likely because biomarkers were within their respective normal range or at a concentration similar to that of the general population at baseline. Future studies are encouraged to use inflammation as their primary outcome measure and recruit athletes at risk of compromised immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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44. Unresolved maternal attachment representations, disrupted maternal behavior and disorganized attachment in infancy: links to toddler behavior problems

Author

Madigan, S., Moran, G., Schuengel, C., Otten, R., Pederson, D.R., Madigan, S., Moran, G., Schuengel, C., Otten, R., and Pederson, D.R.

Abstract

Background: Attachment theory's original formulation was substantially driven by Bowlby's (1969/1982) quest for a meaningful model of the development of psychopathology. Bowlby posited that aberrant experiences of parenting increase the child's risk of psychopathological outcomes, and that these risks are mediated by the quality of the attachment relationship. To empirically examine this hypothesis, the current study explores the associations between the development of toddler behavior problems and a) maternal unresolved attachment representations, b) maternal interactive behavior, and c) infant attachment relationships. Second, we test the mediating role of disorganized attachment in the association between disruptive behavior and toddler behavior problems, as well as unresolved attachment and behavior problems. Method: Sixty-four adolescent mother-infant dyads participated in this longitudinal study. The Adult Attachment Interview was administered at 6 months, the Strange Situation procedure was conducted at 12 months, disrupted behavior was assessed during play interactions at 12 months using the AMBIANCE measure, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess behavior problems at 24 months of age. Results: Maternal reports of externalizing problems were significantly associated with unresolved representations of attachment, disrupted maternal behavior, and disorganized attachment. Inclusion of these variables in a path analytic model suggested that disorganized attachment mediated the associations between disrupted maternal behavior and externalizing problems. Although the association between unresolved attachment representations and externalizing problems was no longer significant when mediation by disrupted behavior and disorganized attachment was taken into account, this indirect pathway was not significant. Conclusions: The results are consistent with Bowlby's (1969/1982) original conceptualization of the explanatory role of the attachment relati

Published
2007
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45. Vitamin D status in elite Irish athletes

Author

Magee, P. J., primary, Pourshahidi, L. K., additional, Leech, L., additional, McFadden, J., additional, Wallace, J. M. W., additional, Conway, J., additional, Harney, E., additional, and Madigan, S. M., additional

Published
2012
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