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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of root coverage surgery in reducing dentin hypersensitivity (DH) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Unrestricted search of four indexed databases up to September 2022 was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of root coverage surgery on DH frequency and/or intensity presurgically (baseline) and at least 3 months postsurgically. Two authors independently conducted study screening and data extraction. Subgroup meta-analyses were performed separately for stimulated and unstimulated DH frequency and intensity at different timepoints. The risk of bias and quality of the available evidence were assessed. Results: Nineteen RCTs presenting data from 7 days to 30 months after root coverage surgery with various treatment modalities were included from the 662 identified studies. A total of 486 patients contributed 784 recession defects. Results from the subgroup meta-analyses showed that, overall, root coverage surgery reduced the risk for DH by 67% (RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.53) and 53% (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.58) upon unstimulated and stimulated DH assessment, respectively. The DH intensity was also significantly reduced (mean visual analog score difference, 2.37; 95% CI, 2.02 to 2.71) upon stimulated DH assessment. No significant changes in DH intensity were observed upon unstimulated DH assessment. The included studies did not have high risk of bias and the quality of evidence was low to high. Conclusion: Existing evidence suggests that root coverage surgery may effectively reduce the DH frequency and intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUBJECT: Participants had type 2 diabetes, were on stable medication regimens, had HbA1c levels between 7% and

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Aim: To describe a digital workflow utilizing 3D printing technology to guide esthetic crown lengthening and control tooth preparation. Clinical considerations: After the initial intraoral and face scans, an esthetic treatment plan was performed digitally based on the patient's personality and face type using artificial intelligence-based 3D smile design software. A 3D-printed tray relined with silicone over a 3D-printed model was used for the mock-up. A 3D-printed guide was implemented to assist esthetic crown lengthening by incorporating, simultaneously, information about the desired free gingival line and the alveolar bone level. Based on the initial planning, a set of reduction guides was 3D printed to check and correct the tooth preparation. Prior to the start of construction of the final monolithic restorations, their design was verified using 3D-printed prototypes. A stabilization splint was digitally designed and 3D printed to protect and maintain the final result. Conclusions: Technologic advances can improve the predictability of an interdisciplinary esthetic approach. Digital planning can be transferred to clinical reality using a digital workflow, utilizing a set of appropriate 3D-printed guides, which can help to control clinical procedures based on the initial planning. Clinical significance: By following the proposed step-by-step workflow, clinicians can achieve predictable results through an interdisciplinary approach, guiding both the periodontal plastic surgery and the restorative treatment after an individualized CAD/CAD procedure for 3D-printed guides. (Int J Esthet Dent 2023;18:330-344) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Noonan syndrome (NS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, and congenital heart defects. The oral manifestations have not been sufficiently described. In an attempt to enrich our understanding regarding the oral manifestations, the aim of the current study was to present the clinical, radiographic, and microbiological findings of eleven subjects with NS syndrome. Methods and Results: A complete intraoral clinical evaluation, a radiographic analysis using panoramic and cephalometric x‐rays, and a supra‐ and sub‐gingival microbiological profiling of 20 periodontal and cariogenic microbiota using the checkerboard DNA‐DNA hybridization technique were performed in a series of 11 NS individuals. Compared to previous reports very few dental findings were present. Gingivitis and carious lesions were present in all subjects and could be related to poor oral hygiene. High‐arched palate and malocclusions such as crossbite, open‐bite, and deep‐bite were very common findings but without a specific pattern. Two findings that have not been reported before included the different shapes of the condyles and the irregular shape of the sella turcica. Conclusion: Due to the elevated prevalence of gingivitis, caries, and malocclusion, a multidisciplinary approach including dental follow‐ups should be the standard care in NS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To present a review of available literature on the association of vitamin D and periodontal disease.Materials and Methods: A thorough search of articles was carried out on the databases PUBMED and MEDLINE regarding vitamin D and periodontal disease. The selected literature included cross-sectional, case-control and prospective and retrospective cohort studies. The main aspects of the association evaluated were a) the association of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D3 with periodontal disease severity, periodontal disease progression and tooth loss, b) the effect of vitamin D supplementation on periodontal health and c) the association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with periodontal disease. A brief overview of the biological mechanisms linking periodontal disease with vitamin D was also included.Results and Conclusions: There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of 25(OH)D on periodontal disease severity, progression and tooth loss, with some studies reporting beneficial effects of higher 25(OH)D serum concentrations on periodontal health and tooth retention, whereas others could not find such an association. Limited evidence also supports a positive association between 1,25(OH)2D3 and periodontal health as well as a trend towards better periodontal health with vitamin D supplementation. Finally, various vitamin D polymorphisms were associated with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, with different outcomes reported for the various ethnic populations assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess any differences (1) in the prevalence of periodontitis and necrotizing periodontal diseases, specifically necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) between HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and those not receiving the therapy and (2) in the severity of periodontitis based on probing depths (PDs) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) between the two groups. Materials and Methods: Systematic electronic search on five databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo) was conducted to identify cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies reporting on prevalence of NG, NP and periodontitis among HIV patients who either receive or do not receive HAART treatment. The differences in clinical parameters of PDs and CAL among these patients were assessed. Results: Eighteen articles were considered. The meta‐analysis for NG showed that the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 0.45 (n = 7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.21, 0.97]; p <.042). Regarding NP, the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in both groups was 0.60 (n = 5; 95% CI [0.22, 1.64]; p =.321). With regard to periodontitis, the overall assessment for the relative frequency ratio in the two groups was 1.17 (n = 9; 95% CI [0.90, 1.52]; p =.248). No significant differences in PD and CAL were found between the two groups 0.00 (n = 3; 95% CI [−0.52, –0.53]; p =.985) and 0.32 (n = 3; 95% CI [−0.19, 0.82]; p =.22), respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of NG appeared to be significantly reduced in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. No statistical significant difference was found in the prevalence of NP or periodontitis between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the beneficial and adverse effects on the dental and periodontal issues of periodontal-orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis. Materials and methods: Nine databases were searched in April 2020 for randomized/non-randomized clinical studies. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment, random-effect meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed, followed by subgroup/meta-regression analyses. Results: A total of 30 randomized and non-randomized clinical studies including 914 patients (29.7% male; mean age 43.4 years) were identified. Orthodontic treatment of pathologically migrated teeth was associated with clinical attachment gain (-0.24 mm; seven studies), pocket probing depth reduction (-0.23 mm; seven studies), marginal bone gain (-0.36 mm; seven studies), and papilla height gain (-1.42 mm; two studies) without considerable adverse effects, while patient sex, gingival phenotype, baseline disease severity, interval between periodontal and orthodontic treatment, and orthodontic treatment duration affected the results. Greater marginal bone level gains were seen by additional circumferential fiberotomy (two studies; MD = -0.98 mm; 95% CI = -1.87 to -0.10 mm; p = .03), but the quality of evidence was low. Conclusions: Limited evidence of poor quality indicates that orthodontic treatment might be associated with small improvements of periodontal parameters, which do not seem to affect prognosis, but more research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]