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Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) emerged in the mid-1980s as well is currently regarded as relevant research and a practical field in the field of business management (Kaufman, 2015). Its academic compatibility has received international attention due to strategic importance Human resource management (HRM) performance (Jackson, Schuler, & Jiang, 2014). It is possible to explain SHRM as a direct link between HRM processes and global strategies and horizontally as interactions between a numbers of employee processes (Wright & McMahan, 1992) HR strategy. Some policies can be implemented without explicit prior planning, and alternatives strategies that can never be successfully implemented (Truss & Gratton, 1994). As reported by Kaufman (2015), other key elements of success in a major organizational change - needed to successful adoption of key HR models - leadership commitment and careful planning as well managed implementation. In this case, it is necessary to manage the organizational changes in the right way and to act quickly against the cultural pressures perceived by all levels of the organization (Visitor, 1987). Those structures are associated with the SHRM concept proposed by Wright and Snell (1998), which the authors claim is a major role of HR in implementing organizational strategies. Lengnick Hall et al. (2009) present a research agenda that highlights the need to place greater emphasis on issues related to strategic implementation human resource management, specifically regarding the vertical and horizontal alignment of HR systems

Higher ranked Permian and Cenozoic coals are reported in tectonically affected regions of northeast India. The geochemical signature of the tectonically induced higher-ranked coals has not been studied carefully, although such coals' hydrocarbon potential is assessed using parameters, such as kerogen maturity. Notably, published data of stable isotope ratio of organic carbon (δ13C) analysis in Indian coal is rare, and only a few researchers attempted to study the δ13C signature of tectonically affected coals. We have studied the δ13C and kerogen maturity parameters in the Permian sub-bituminous coal from Arunachal Pradesh, Permian Anthracite from Sikkim, Late Oligocene bituminous coal from Tirap and Ledo Open Cast Projects in Assam, Eocene lignites from Umarsar, Matanomadh and Panandhro and Upper Eocene to Oligocene lignite from the Tadkeshwar lignite mines in Gujarat, and Mio-Pliocene lignite from Neyveli lignite mine in Tamil Nadu. The results are compared with the published data to understand the tectonic effect on the kerogen character and δ13C signature of coal. Cenozoic lignites, not affected by thrusting, are mainly composed of mixed type-II to III (oil–gas prone) and/or type-III kerogen (gas prone). Low Tmax (maximum pyrolysis temperature) values of the lignites further indicate the thermally immature character of the kerogen. In contrast, tectonically affected Cenozoic sub-bituminous coals show higher maturity of kerogen. Permian coals, affected by the shear stress of the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), show type-IV (inert) and post-mature character of kerogen. The study reflects that tectonic activities strongly influence kerogen maturity. Enriched δ13C values of Permian coals compared to the younger Cenozoic coals are attributed to the enrichment of the heavier carbon isotope during coalification. Tectonically driven alteration of coal is evidenced by the enriched δ13C values of the thrust-affected coals. Nonetheless, an overall C3 plant source of the coal organic matter irrespective of the age, rank and tectonic history is reflected by the δ13C values (–21‰ to –27‰). The stable isotope composition further assigns an angiosperm source to the Cenozoic coals and a gymnosperm source to the Permian coals. The results indicate that kerogen maturity and δ13C of coal reflect the influence of tectonic activities, although the stable isotope source signature of coal remains unaffected.

We present a novel approach to improve the perceived QoS for video-feeds in delay-sensitive interactive applications under practical last-mile impairments. Conventional approaches consume additional communication and computation resources in the effort to regain the PSNR of the frames by trying to recover the lost information. Such approaches undermine the strict latency requirements leading to eventual frame-drop and reduction in overall system QoE. Instead, we aim to create an approximation of the corrupted frame by regaining the structural information and minimizing the effect of the lost packet(s). The objective is to minimize the possibility of frame drop under weakened last-mile connection so that the remote user can have a better perceived QoS at the application level and can have better probability of reacting to remote scene despite lossy condition. We prove the efficiency of the system under reallife situations with impairments in real field deployment. The benchmarking is performed in terms of full referential video quality metrics against established state-of-the art like WebRTC and RTP.

The global nutrition transition and increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed snacks have contributed to increasing rates of child obesity and dental caries in developing countries. In Nepal, where child malnutrition rates are high, the relationship between malnutrition and dental caries is poorly understood. This cross-sectional study aims to assess this relationship among a convenience sample of 273 children age six months to less than 12 years in three communities in Nepal, using parent/caregiver interviews, child dental exams, and anthropometric measurements. Fisher&rsquo, s exact test and independent t-tests examined associations between dietary practices and severe caries and between severe caries and malnutrition, respectively. Children consumed sugar-sweetened beverages and processed snacks frequently: 80% consumed tea with sugar, 60% consumed sweet snacks, and 65% consumed processed savory snacks daily. Overall, 74% of children had untreated tooth decay, and 21% exhibited stunting malnutrition, 14% were underweight, and 6% presented wasting. Significant associations were found between daily consumption of sweets and processed snacks with severe caries and between severe caries and poorer nutritional status. These findings underscore the need to incorporate nutrition and oral health promotion and dental treatment into maternal&ndash, child health services and schools and to strengthen policies to reduce children&rsquo, s access to junk food.

This chapter discusses the concept of appreciative leadership with emphasis on the formative stages of it and the five strategies, namely inquiry, inclusion, inspiration, illumination, and integrity. It also touches upon the characteristics needed to emerge as an effective appreciative leader, some of them being optimistic, compassionate, innovative, respectful, and treating everyone as equal. The chapter concludes by highlighting the role of appreciative leadership in organizational development.

This chapter brings to the readers a crisp understanding of what appreciative inquiry (AI) is all about in terms of envisioning an effective organization towards sustainability. The chapter journeys through different phases of AI and explains organizational transformations as living systems, energetic and entrenched endeavours of ever-widening webs of unlimited strength and boundless human imagination, can develop into a desired organization. It highlights that HR practices need to focus on the eternal faith upon the dream of a fully functioning organization and focus on how leadership has a role and outcome with respect to appreciative inquiry. Touching upon team effectiveness through AI and how co-owning and co-creating organizational effectiveness is achieved, the chapter also touches upon briefly the required skills of a AI practitioners who lead the change. Finally, it elucidates how AI is used within an evaluation context. The chapter is an attempt to give a crisp message as to how to tap the positive organizational potential by emphasizing the role of appreciative leadership.

A hazard map is a map which shows about all the vulnerable regions present in any country or at any specific place or location which is affected or will be affected by natural disaster, i.e., by earthquakes, landslides and flooding. It is also used in industries for locating and zoning the hazardous areas inside the premises as per the level of hazards. Hazard maps are used mainly for land management, hazard identification, geological surveys for insurance rate adjustments and hazard mitigation. In concern with its industrial and urban planning, hazard mapping is done by all the authority and workers to identify hazard at a particular place, and thus, they learn to develop maps for every hazardous location for identifying and mitigating potential hazards with special emphasis on economic and social parameter. This work is perhaps an attempt to catalogue all the hazardous map systems and techniques for developing hazardous maps associated with sustainable urban planning and industrial development, and suggestions to use hazardous maps for sustainable development have also been touched upon.

The chapter focuses on the positive aspects of the work environment and attempts to throw light on how in organizations different perspectives of positive work, positive social connections, positive culture leads with a more satisfying work environment and engaged employees. Beginning with an understanding of the definitions of employee engagement, the chapter takes the reader through the pillars of positive work environment, through the significance of fulfilling relationships at work, leading to greater employee engagement, importance of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO), and communication in enhancing employee engagement and to a greater organizational oeuvre. The chapter has tried to cogitate that a culture of employee engagement can be built, and it should be fabricated through the tenacious efforts of managers and leaders in the organization. Thus, the chapter highlights that employee engagement should in itself become the culture of any organization, and the role of positive work environment towards building this culture is indispensable.

Acute thyroiditis is rare and usually subsides with medical therapy. An abscess arising due to it is even rarer. Sometimes, surgical drainage is required to control ongoing infection and sepsis. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl who had acute suppurative thyroiditis. The swelling was not resolving after 9 days of administering intravenous antibiotics and eventually compressing the esophagus and trachea which was relieved leading to a speedy recovery on emergency surgical drainage.

The present paper tries to: 1) understand the cognitive determinants of the entrepreneurs who engage in business models in order to serve the poor; 2) see the role of altruism in social entrepreneurial venture launch; 3) check whether social entrepreneurs are generalists or specialists in their field. For this purpose the study takes a data triangulation approach. To capture different dimensions of the cognitive determinants of serving the poor, the study has employed interview method, focus group discussion and use of questionnaires. The study found that cognitive determinants studied in the present paper are guiding factors for developing a business model to help the poor, altruism has a moderating role on the relation between cognitive determinants and social venture launch, and that social entrepreneurs have a wide range of experience and generic knowledge in variety of fields as compared to specific knowledge in one area.

Although women entrepreneurs have faced various obstacles in running their business, they have not immediately quit: they sustain their business. Beyond financial returns, these women entrepreneurs expect something that makes them satisfied and engaged in their businesses. This study thus explores factors in women's entrepreneurship. It studied a sample of 120 women digital entrepreneurs through a questionnaire method and telephonic interview. The results show that non-monetary determinants are significant predictors of entrepreneurial satisfaction among women digital entrepreneurs. This study also found that founders vary in their levels of satisfaction with regard to their achievements in factors such as revenue, material comfort achieved, optimism, business satisfaction, innovation, recognition and employee trust.

Context: With an increase in the abuse of various oral habitual products in India over the past few decades; the incidence of oral potentially malignant conditions as leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) rates have also increased. No recent study has been conducted reporting the scenario of oral cancer and potentially malignant conditions in Eastern India (specifically Kolkata). Aims: The present study was conducted at Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College, Kolkata during 2010-2011 to find a possible correlation between the effects of the different oral habits, age, sex and the different types of oral mucosal lesions among patients reported to the hospital. This study also enabled us to see the predilection of the various histopathological stages of the lesions for different sites of the oral cavity. Subjects and Methods: The study group consisted of 698 patients having either oral potentially malignant or malignant lesion. The control group consisted of 948 patients who had reported to the hospital for different oral/dental problems and had the habit of tobacco, areca nut and/or alcohol usage for at least 1 year. Statistical Analysis : The unadjusted odds ratio, the 95% confidence interval, and the P value were calculated to correlate patients with/without different kinds of habit and having/not having various kinds of oral lesions. Results: Our study shows that for males having the habit of taking smokeless tobacco or mixed habit poses the highest risk for developing SCC. For females, significant risk of developing SCC was found in patients habituated to processed areca nut chewing. Conclusion: This study presents probably for the first time in recent years the occurrence of oral potentially malignant and malignant conditions amongst patients having deleterious habits in a hospital based population of Kolkata.