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Background: Cortisol is a hormonal marker of stress which gets released into the blood by adrenal glands during a stressful situation. Mothers of children with autism will usually be experiencing great psychological trauma and therefore will be under high levels of stress. This stress might disturb the health and normal physiology of these mothers thus there is a need for study on the stress markers like cortisol in mothers of children with autism. Materials and Methods: Saliva of 20 mothers of children with autism and 20 mothers of healthy children were collected during early hours of the day (8 – 8.30 am) and during evenings (4 – 4.15 pm) subjected for cortisol assay using ELISA test. RESULTS: Mothers of children with autism were found to have significantly lower levels of salivary cortisol throughout the day as compared to mothers of healthy children. Conclusion: There is a need for interventions for mothers of children with autism

ObjectivePrevious studies have shown the importance of proximal and distal endograft fixation. There is little information on the middle, unsupported section of endograft within the aneurysm sac. We quantified sideways movement of the endograft within the aneurysm sac and correlated it to late adverse events.MethodsPatients who underwent endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair with a suprarenal or infrarenal endograft between January 1997 and December 2007 were analyzed for sideways endograft movement. Patients were included if they had a digital preoperative computed tomography angiogram (CTA), a postoperative CTA within 3 months after the index procedure, and at least one follow-up CTA thereafter with a minimal time interval of 6 months. The endograft position within the aneurysm sac was quantitated on cross-sectional images using a fixed vertebral body reference point. Patients with change in endograft position ≥5 mm were placed in the sideways displacement (SD) group and compared with patients with no displacement (ND

Background and Objective: Human beings are under threat from many chronic diseases and life style disorders. A major cause of all these diseases was found to be improper lifestyle and stress leading to obesity and excessive lipid peroxidation, indicating increased production of reactive oxygen species. Yoga therapy concentrates on purification of body and mind through its integrated holistic approach one can overcome the different kinds of afflictions in life. Hence the present study was undertaken to find out the effect of intervention of yoga therapy in obese individuals. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at MRPL ladies club auditorium in the MRPL Township after an informed and written consent from all the participants. The research protocol was approved by institutional ethics committee. The study consisted of forty obese male and female subjects. The changes in Body weight, Body Mass Index, Blood sugar, MDA level and Total antioxidant status was estimated before and after one month of yoga therapy. The data obtained was analyzed using paired't' test.p Result: There was a significant decline in the Body Weight (p=0.020), BMI (p=0.000), Fasting Blood Sugar (p=0.03) and Post Prandial Blood Sugar (p=0.000) MDA (p=0.000) and significant increase in Total Antioxidant Level (p=0.021) after yoga when compared to that before the yoga therapy. Conclusion: Yoga therapy is beneficial in maintaining better health by regulating BMI, Oxidative status by improving the biochemical functions of the body and helpful to overcome the complications of obesity.

Ionizing radiation which results in the free radical formation and it leads to damage of biological macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, lipids. 36 male Swiss albino mice were used for survival assay, to find out the lethal dose of Electron Beam Radiation. It was found to be 10Gy was the lethal dose for mice. Different dosages (4Gy, 6Gy and 8Gy) of electron beam radiation were used to study the micronucleus formation in irradiated mice. The results showed micronucleus formation will increase linearly with radiation dosage.

BackgroundSince the introduction of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), long-term follow-up studies reporting single-device results are scarce. In this study, we focus on EVAR repair with the Talent stent graft (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, Calif).MethodsBetween July 2000 and December 2007, 365 patients underwent elective EVAR with a Talent device. Patient data were gathered prospectively and evaluated retrospectively. By American Society of Anesthesiologists category, 74% were categories III and IV. Postoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning was performed before discharge, at 3, 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Data are presented according to reporting standards for EVAR.ResultsThe mean proximal aortic neck diameter was 27 mm (range, 16-36 mm), with a neck length

Article history: The aim of this study was to asses the DNA damage progression with days after single exposure of 6Gy electron beam radiation (EBR). Molecular DNA damage in lymphocytes of mice was assessed using alkaline comet assay and in bone marrow cells by micronucleus assay. In comet assay %DNA in tail, Comet length, Olive Tail Moment (OTM) served as a measure of DNA damage and in micronucleus test, frequency of micronucleus formation in bone marrow cells was measured to evaluate the DNA damage. The experiment was performed by taking 24 healthy Swiss albino mice with body weight 30+5g. The animals were grouped into four. Group1 served as control, Group 2, 3 and 4 were irradiated by 6Gy EBR. Animals of Group 2, 3 and 4 were sacrificed on 5 th , 10 th and 15 th day post irradiation respectively. The comet assay procedure was carried out for all these groups by using lymphocytes separated from EDTA treated blood. The micronucleus test was performed in bone marrow cells (PCE-Poly chromatic erythrocytes, NCE-normochromatic erythrocytes). The slides prepared for this were scored for the measure of DNA damage. The results showed all comet parameter were significantly (P

Purpose: To evaluate the biomechanical and hemodynamic forces acting on theintermodular junctions of a multi-component thoracic endograft and elucidate theirinfluence on the development of type III endoleak due to disconnection of stent-graftsegments.Methods: Three-dimensional computer models of the thoracic aorta and a 4-componentthoracic endograft were constructed using postoperative (baseline) and follow-upcomputed tomography (CT) data from a 69-year-old patient who developed type IIIendoleak 4 years after stent-graft placement. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)techniques were used to quantitate the displacement forces acting on the device. Thecontact stresses between the different modules of the graft were then quantified usingcomputational solid mechanics (CSM) techniques. Lastly, the intermodular junctionfrictional stability was evaluated using a Coulomb model.Results: The CFD analysis revealed that curvature and length are key determinants of thedisplacement forces experienced by each endograft and that the first 2 modules wereexposed to displacement forces acting in opposite directions in both the lateral andlongitudinal axes. The CSM analysis revealed that the highest concentration of stressesoccurred at the junction between the first and second modules of the device. Furthermore,the frictional analysis demonstrated that most of the surface area (53%) of this junction hadunstable contact. The predicted critical zone of intermodular stress concentration andfrictional instability matched the location of the type III endoleak observed in the 4-yearfollow-up CT image.Conclusion: The region of larger intermodular stresses and highest frictional instabilitycorrelated with the zone where a type III endoleak developed 4 years after thoracic stent-graft placement. Computational techniques can be helpful in evaluating the risk ofendograft migration and potential for modular disconnection and may be useful inimproving device placement strategies and endograft design.J Endovasc Ther. 2011;18:559–568Key words: stent-graft, thoracic aortic endografts, migration, component disconnection,displacement forces, contact stresses, frictional stability, intermodular disjunction, thoracicaortic aneurysm, computational solid mechanics, computational fluid dynamics

ObjectiveEndograft migration is usually described as a downward displacement of the endograft with respect to the renal arteries. However, change in endograft position is actually a complex process in three-dimensional (3D) space. Currently, there are no established techniques to define such positional changes over time. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the direction of aortic endograft movement as observed in follow-up computed tomography (CT) scans is related to the directional displacement force acting on the endograft.MethodsWe quantitated the 3D positional change over time of five abdominal endografts by determining the endograft centroid at baseline (postoperative scan) and on follow-up CT scans. The time interval between CT scans for the 5 patients ranged from 8 months to 8 years. We then used 3D image segmentation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques to quantitate the pulsatile displacement force (in Newtons [N]) acting on the endografts in the postoperative configurations. Finally, we calculated a correlation metric between the direction of the displacement force vector and the endograft movement by computing the cosine of the angle of these two vectors.ResultsThe average 3D movement of the endograft centroid was 18 mm (range, 9-29 mm) with greater movement in patients with longer follow-up times. In all cases, the movement of the endograft had significant components in all three spatial directions: Two of the endografts had the largest component of movement in the transverse direction, whereas three endografts had the largest component of movement in the axial direction. The magnitude and orientation of the endograft displacement force varied depending on aortic angulation and hemodynamic conditions. The average magnitude of displacement force for all endografts was 5.8 N (range, 3.7-9.5 N). The orientation of displacement force was in general perpendicular to the greatest curvature of the endograft. The average correlation metric, defined as the cosine of the angle between the displacement force and the endograft centroid movement, was 0.38 (range, 0.08-0.66).ConclusionsComputational methods applied to patient-specific postoperative image data can be used to quantitate 3D displacement force and movement of endografts over time. It appears that endograft movement is related to the magnitude and direction of the displacement force acting on aortic endografts. These methods can be used to increase our understanding of clinical endograft migration.Clinical RelevanceThe study presented here shows the potential of using computer simulations to predict the in vivo behavior of endovascular stent grafts for AAA repair. Computer methods, combined with clinical validation studies, may provide physicians with a powerful diagnostic tool for endovascular device performance that goes beyond the current capabilities of medical image data.