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1. Développement de résistances chez les animaux alors que l’antibiotique ne leur a pas été administré

Author

Madec, Jean-Yves

Subjects
Antibiorésistance, Transmission, Animaux, Clones, Plasmides, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The fight against antibiotic resistance in the animal sector over the last ten years in France (Ecoantibio plans) has largely focused on reducing the veterinary use of antibiotics. However, antibiotic resistance in an animal is not necessarily due to antibiotic therapy, but can also result from the transmission of resistant bacteria or resistance plasmids. Several examples illustrate the importance of this transmission of antibiotic resistance in the animal world, which are detailed in this communication. Like in human medicine, this nosocomial transmission can be observed in veterinary care institutions, as well as in animal husbandry. It also explains the presence of antibiotic resistance on the surface of foodstuffs, which by definition are not treated with antibiotics. At the international level, countries that are very virtuous in their use of veterinary antibiotics can display high levels of antibiotic resistance through the importation of carrier animals. Finally, the presence of antibiotic resistance in wildlife is likewise explained by contamination and not by antibiotic treatment. All these situations demonstrate that, in addition to paying attention to antibiotic prescription, an equally important facet of the fight against antibiotic resistance is to control the transmission routes of resistant bacteria.

Published
2023
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8. A role for ColV plasmids in the evolution of pathogenic Escherichia coli ST58

Author

Reid, Cameron J., Cummins, Max L., Börjesson, Stefan, Brouwer, Michael S. M., Hasman, Henrik, Hammerum, Anette M., Roer, Louise, Hess, Stefanie, Berendonk, Thomas, Nešporová, Kristina, Haenni, Marisa, Madec, Jean-Yves, Bethe, Astrid, Michael, Geovana B., Schink, Anne-Kathrin, Schwarz, Stefan, Dolejska, Monika, and Djordjevic, Steven P.

Published
2022
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10. Carriage Rate of Enterobacterales Resistant to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in the Tunisian Population.

Author

Mahjoub Khachroub, Ahlem, Souguir, Meriem, Châtre, Pierre, Elhouda Bouhlel, Nour, Jaidane, Nadia, Drapeau, Antoine, El Kantaoui, Marah, Azaiez, Sana, Madec, Jean-Yves, Mansour, Wejdene, and Haenni, Marisa

Subjects
ESCHERICHIA coli, WHOLE genome sequencing, GUT microbiome, ANTIMICROBIAL stewardship, DRUG resistance in microorganisms
Abstract

Enterobacterales resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) are a marker of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden. They are infecting humans, but the intestinal microbiota can also be transiently colonized without developing symptoms. Healthy carriage can promote silent dissemination of resistant bacteria, and data on this colonization are often lacking. Between 2021 and 2023, a sampling of healthy Tunisian people was carried out. Fecal samples (n = 256) were plated on selective agar, and all collected isolates were characterized by phenotypic (antibiograms) and genomic (whole-genome sequencing) methods. A total of 26 (26/256, 10.2%) isolates were collected, including 24 Escherichia coli and 2 Klebsiella pneumoniae. In total, 17 isolates (15 E. coli and 2 K. pneumoniae) presented an ESBL phenotype conferred by the blaCTX-M-15 gene, and 9 E. coli isolates presented an AmpC phenotype conferred by the blaDHA-1 gene. K. pneumoniae belonged to ST1564 and ST313, while E. coli belonged to diverse STs including the pandemic ST131 clone. Clonally related ST349 E. coli isolates carrying the blaDHA-1 gene were found in nine individuals. In parallel, four blaCTX-M-15 -positive E. coli isolates carried this ESC-resistance gene on an epidemic plasmid IncF/F-:A-:B53 previously identified in Tunisian pigeons and fish. These findings highlight the spread of genetically diverse ESC-resistant Enterobacterales as well as an epidemic plasmid in Tunisia, emphasizing the need for antimicrobial stewardship to limit the transmission of these resistances in the Tunisian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. The potential of using E. coli as an indicator for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment

Author

Donner, Erica, Stehling, Eliana Guedes, Boerlin, Patrick, Topp, Edward, Jardine, Claire, Li, Xuewen, Li, Bing, Dolejska, Monika, Madec, Jean-Yves, Dagot, Christophe, Guenther, Sebastian, Walsh, Fiona, Villa, Laura, Veldman, Kees, Sunde, Marianne, Krzeminski, Pawel, Wasyl, Dariusz, Popowska, Magdalena, Järhult, Josef, Örn, Stefan, Mahjoub, Olfa, Mansour, Wejdene, Thái, Đinh Nho, Elving, Josefine, Pedersen, Karl, Anjum, Muna F, Schmitt, Heike, Börjesson, Stefan, and Berendonk, Thomas U

Published
2021
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18. Healthcare Equipment and Personnel Reservoirs of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Epidemic Clones in Intensive Care Units in a Tunisian Hospital

Author

Azaiez, Sana, primary, Haenni, Marisa, additional, Cheikh, Asma Ben, additional, Chalbi, Mohamed Sahbi, additional, Messaoudi, Aziza, additional, Tilouch, Lamia, additional, Bahri, Sana, additional, Drapeau, Antoine, additional, Saras, Estelle, additional, Mtibâa, Mariem, additional, Zouaoui, Rania, additional, Said, Houyem, additional, Madec, Jean-Yves, additional, Lupo, Agnese, additional, and Mansour, Wejdene, additional

Published
2023
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21. Molecular characterization of highly prevalent Escherichia coli and Escherichia marmotae resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris ) in Tunisia

Author

Souguir, Meriem, primary, Châtre, Pierre, additional, Drapeau, Antoine, additional, François, Pauline, additional, Azaiez, Sana, additional, Ncir, Sana, additional, Madec, Jean-Yves, additional, Mansour, Wejdene, additional, and Haenni, Marisa, additional

Published
2023
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25. Pilot testing the EARS-Vet surveillance network for antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens from animals in the EU/EEA

Author

Lagrange, Justine, primary, Amat, Jean-Philippe, additional, Ballesteros, Cristina, additional, Damborg, Peter, additional, Grönthal, Thomas, additional, Haenni, Marisa, additional, Jouy, Eric, additional, Kaspar, Heike, additional, Kenny, Kevin, additional, Klein, Babette, additional, Lupo, Agnese, additional, Madec, Jean-Yves, additional, Salomonsen, Charlotte Mark, additional, Müller, Elisabeth, additional, Madero, Cristina Muñoz, additional, Nilsson, Oskar, additional, Norström, Madelaine, additional, Nykäsenoja, Suvi, additional, Overesch, Gudrun, additional, Pedersen, Karl, additional, Pohjanvirta, Tarja, additional, Slowey, Rosemarie, additional, Justo, Cristiana Teixeira, additional, Urdahl, Anne Margrete, additional, Zafeiridis, Christos, additional, Zini, Eric, additional, Cazeau, Géraldine, additional, Jarrige, Nathalie, additional, and Collineau, Lucie, additional

Published
2023
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26. Evidence for Human Adaptation and Foodborne Transmission of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author

Larsen, Jesper, Stegger, Marc, Andersen, Paal S., Petersen, Andreas, Larsen, Anders R., Westh, Henrik, Agersø, Yvonne, Fetsch, Alexandra, Kraushaar, Britta, Käsbohrer, Annemarie, Feßler, Andrea T., Schwarz, Stefan, Cuny, Christiane, Witte, Wolfgang, Butaye, Patrick, Denis, Olivier, Haenni, Marisa, Madec, Jean-Yves, Jouy, Eric, Laurent, Frederic, Battisti, Antonio, Franco, Alessia, Alba, Patricia, Mammina, Caterina, Pantosti, Annalisa, Monaco, Monica, Wagenaar, Jaap A., de Boer, Enne, van Duijkeren, Engeline, Heck, Max, Domínguez, Lucas, Torres, Carmen, Zarazaga, Myriam, Price, Lance B., and Skov, Robert L.

Published
2016
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27. CTX-M-15/27-positive Escherichia coliand VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas putidain free-living pigeons (Columba livia) in Tunisia

Author

Souguir, Meriem, Châtre, Pierre, Drapeau, Antoine, Azaiez, Sana, Hmidi, Imen, Ncir, Sana, Lupo, Agnese, Madec, Jean-Yves, Haenni, Marisa, and Mansour, Wejdene

Abstract

•About 5.8% (12/206) of the pigeons carried an ESBL-producing Enterobacterale isolate.•Two pigeons carried a VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas putidaisolate.•Plasmidic transmission of the IncF/F-:A-:B53 plasmid was observed.•Clonal spread of the Escherichia coliST5584 and ST8149 was observed between two farms.

Published
2024
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34. Pilot testing the EARS-Vet surveillance network for antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens from animals in the EU/EEA

Author

Lagrange, Justine, Amat, Jean-Philippe, Ballesteros, Cristina, Damborg, Peter, Grönthal, Thomas, Haenni, Marisa, Jouy, Eric, Kaspar, Heike, Kenny, Kevin, Klein, Babette, Lupo, Agnese, Madec, Jean-Yves, Salomonsen, Charlotte Mark, Müller, Elisabeth, Madero, Cristina Muñoz, Nilsson, Oskar, Norström, Madelaine, Nykäsenoja, Suvi, Overesch, Gudrun, Pedersen, Karl, Pohjanvirta, Tarja, Slowey, Rosemarie, Justo, Cristiana Teixeira, Urdahl, Anne Margrete, Zafeiridis, Christos, Zini, Eric, Cazeau, Géraldine, Jarrige, Nathalie, Collineau, Lucie, and University of Zurich

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), One Health, antimicrobial resistance, integrated surveillance, monitoring, veterinary clinical pathogens, 10253 Department of Small Animals, 630 Agriculture, 570 Life sciences, biology, Microbiology
Abstract

IntroductionAs part of the EU Joint Action on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Healthcare-Associated Infections, an initiative has been launched to build the European AMR Surveillance network in veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet). So far, activities included mapping national systems for AMR surveillance in animal bacterial pathogens, and defining the EARS-Vet objectives, scope, and standards. Drawing on these milestones, this study aimed to pilot test EARS-Vet surveillance, namely to (i) assess available data, (ii) perform cross-country analyses, and (iii) identify potential challenges and develop recommendations to improve future data collection and analysis.MethodsEleven partners from nine EU/EEA countries participated and shared available data for the period 2016–2020, representing a total of 140,110 bacterial isolates and 1,302,389 entries (isolate-antibiotic agent combinations).ResultsCollected data were highly diverse and fragmented. Using a standardized approach and interpretation with epidemiological cut-offs, we were able to jointly analyze AMR trends of 53 combinations of animal host-bacteria–antibiotic categories of interest to EARS-Vet. This work demonstrated substantial variations of resistance levels, both among and within countries (e.g., between animal host species).DiscussionKey issues at this stage include the lack of harmonization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods used in European surveillance systems and veterinary diagnostic laboratories, the absence of interpretation criteria for many bacteria–antibiotic combinations of interest, and the lack of data from a lot of EU/EEA countries where little or even surveillance currently exists. Still, this pilot study provides a proof-of-concept of what EARS-Vet can achieve. Results form an important basis to shape future systematic data collection and analysis.

Published
2023
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37. Antimicrobial Resistance inEscherichia coli

Author

Poirel, Laurent, primary, Madec, Jean-Yves, additional, Lupo, Agnese, additional, Schink, Anne-Kathrin, additional, Kieffer, Nicolas, additional, Nordmann, Patrice, additional, and Schwarz, Stefan, additional

Published
2018
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40. Clonal, Plasmidic and Genetic Diversity of Multi-Drug-Resistant Enterobacterales from Hospitalized Patients in Tripoli, Libya.

Author

Elgriw, Nada, Métayer, Véronique, Drapeau, Antoine, François, Pauline, Azaiez, Sana, Mastouri, Maha, Rhim, Hajer, Elzagheid, Adam, Soufiyah, Najeeb, Madec, Jean-Yves, Chaouch, Cherifa, Mansour, Wejdene, and Haenni, Marisa

Subjects
GENETIC variation, INFECTION prevention, HOSPITAL patients, PUBLIC health, KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae
Abstract

Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and carbapenems in Enterobacterales is a major issue in public health. Carbapenem resistance in particular is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Moreover, such resistance is often co-harbored with resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, and pathogens quickly become multi-drug-resistant (MDR). Only a few studies have been published on AMR in Libyan hospitals, but all reported worrisome results. Here, we studied 54 MDR isolates that were collected from 49 patients at the Tripoli University Hospital between 2019 and 2021. They were characterized using phenotypic methods, PCR and PFGE, and a sub-set of isolates were short- and long-read whole-genome sequenced. The results showed the frequent occurrence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (49/54), among which several high-risk clones were responsible for the spread of resistance, namely, ST11, ST17, ST101 and ST147. ESC and carbapenem resistance was due to a wide variety of enzymes (CTX-M, OXA-48, NDM, KPC), with their corresponding genes carried by different plasmids, including IncF-IncHI2 and IncF-IncR hybrids. This study highlights that implementation of infection prevention, control and surveillance measures are needed in Libya to fight against AMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Escherichia coli ST224 and IncF/blaCTX-M-55 plasmids drive resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in poultry flocks in Parana, Brazil

Author

dos Anjos Adur, Mikaela, primary, Châtre, Pierre, additional, Métayer, Véronique, additional, Drapeau, Antoine, additional, Pillonetto, Marcelo, additional, Penkal, Margareth Leonor, additional, Lopes, Jessica Kayamori, additional, Beirão, Breno Castello Branco, additional, Madec, Jean-Yves, additional, de Macedo, Renata Ernlund Freitas, additional, and Haenni, Marisa, additional

Published
2022
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48. Detection and genetic characterization of blaESBL-carrying plasmids of cloacal Escherichia coliisolates from white stork nestlings (Ciconia ciconia) in Spain

Author

Martínez-Álvarez, Sandra, Châtre, Pierre, Cardona-Cabrera, Teresa, François, Pauline, Sánchez-Cano, Alberto, Höfle, Ursula, Zarazaga, Myriam, Madec, Jean-Yves, Haenni, Marisa, and Torres, Carmen

Abstract

•ESBL-producing E. coliwere detected in 4.5% of stork nestlings.•ESBL-producing E. coliof lineages ST38, ST58, ST155 and ST162 were detected.•IncI1-blaSHV-12/blaCTX-M-1and IncF-blaCTX-M-32/blaSHV-12were found.•Tn21-derivate and new genetic arrangements were detected in IncF plasmids.

Published
2023
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49. Review and Analysis of National Monitoring Systems for Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Bacterial Pathogens in Europe: A Basis for the Development of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network in Veterinary Medicine (EARS-Vet)

Author

Mader, Rodolphe, Muñoz Madero, Cristina, Aasmäe, Birgit, Bourély, Clémence, Broens, Els M, Busani, Luca, Callens, Bénédicte, Collineau, Lucie, Crespo-Robledo, Paloma, Damborg, Peter, Filippitzi, Maria-Eleni, Fitzgerald, William, Heuvelink, Annet, van Hout, Jobke, Kaspar, Heike, Norström, Madelaine, Pedersen, Karl, Pohjanvirta, Tarja, Pokludova, Lucie, Dal Pozzo, Fabiana, Slowey, Rosemarie, Teixeira Justo, Cristiana, Urdahl, Anne Margrete, Vatopoulos, Alkiviadis, Zafeiridis, Christos, Madec, Jean-Yves, Amat, Jean-Philippe, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., dI&I I&I-4, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., and dI&I I&I-4

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Europe, monitoring, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), antibiotic, surveillance, animal, Antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic, surveillance, animal pathogens, veterinay medicine, veterinary, Microbiology, pathogen
Abstract

The monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial pathogens of animals is not currently coordinated at European level. To fill this gap, experts of the European Union Joint Action on Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (EU-JAMRAI) recommended building the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet). In this study, we (i) identified national monitoring systems for AMR in bacterial pathogens of animals (both companion and food-producing) among 27 countries affiliated to EU-JAMRAI, (ii) described their structures and operations, and (iii) analyzed their respective strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). Twelve countries reported having at least one national monitoring system in place, representing an opportunity to launch EARS-Vet, but highlighting important gaps in AMR data generation in Europe. In total, 15 national monitoring systems from 11 countries were described and analyzed. They displayed diverse structures and operations, but most of them shared common weaknesses (e.g., data management and representativeness) and common threats (e.g., economic vulnerability and data access), which could be addressed collectively under EARS-Vet. This work generated useful information to countries planning to build or improve their system, by learning from others’ experience. It also enabled to advance on a pragmatic harmonization strategy: EARS-Vet shall follow the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) standards, collect quantitative data and interpret AMR data using epidemiological cut-off values.

Published
2022

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