Search

Copyright of Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Crustaceana is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recent studies have been widely carried out on the important role and ecological function of coral reefs. However, little attention has been given to small and cryptic crustaceans organisms living within different microhabitat in dead corals. This study aimed to reveal the diversity of crustaceans that inhabit dead corals in Tidung Islands, Indonesia. A total of 134 individuals from 41 species in 13 families were recorded within eight dead corals taken from two different sites. Furthermore, the species identified from Tidung Kecil were significantly different and more diverse than Tidung Besar. It was suggested that differences in anthropogenic pressure between Tidung Besar and Kecil might have an important role in the spread of crab crustaceans' organisms. Xanthidae from infraorder Brachyura were observed to be the most dominant family, while Galatheidae and Porcellanidae from infraorder Anomura spread almost equally in both sites. Additionally, Psaumis cavipes and Chlorodiella nigra were species with the largest contribution of crab crustaceans' communities in the death of coral's ecosystem in the Tidung Islands. This result indicated that dead corals might play a key role in supporting and providing a habitat for crustacean cryptic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the survival rates and the behavioural responses of Holothuria leucospilota under hypoxia stress condition. A total of 15 H. leucospilota were collected from Rambut Island, in Thousand Islands, Jakarta, Indonesia. They were exposed to three different dissolved oxygen concentrations (i.e. 2 mg O2 L-1, 3 mg O2 L-1, >6 mg O2 L-1). Mortality was measured at the 4th and 6th day by adding 2 mg O2 L-1 and 3 mg O2 L-1 of dissolved oxygen concentrations respectively. The survival rates of H. leucospilota significantly decreased by 80% at 2 mg O2 L-1 and 40% at 3 mg O2 L-1 compared to > 6 mg O2 L-1 in which total survival was 100% at the end of 22 days of exposure to hypoxia. The behavioural responses of H. leucospilota to hypoxia stress were shown by decreased metabolic activity by releasing the contents of their stomach described as cuvierian tubules. The lower dissolved oxygen concentrations at 2 mg O2 L-1 and 3 mg O2 L-1 showed a higher metabolic rate in 20% and 50 % of individual organisms during 18 days hypoxia exposure. If their metabolic rate is high, they will need more energy reserves to compensate it. The result of this study revealed that the lowest dissolved oxygen at 2 mg O2 L-1 can exert a stress on H. leucospilota which can lead to a high mortality and an impairment of behavioural responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predation is a key ecosystem function, especially in high diversity systems such as coral reefs. Not only is predation one of the strongest top-down controls of prey population density, but it also is a strong driver of prey behaviour and function through non-lethal effects. We ask whether predation risk influences sheltering behaviour of damselfish living in mutualism with branching corals. Host corals gain multiple advantages from the mutualistic relationship which are determined by the strength of damselfish sheltering. Distance travelled by the Lemon Damselfish Pomacentrus moluccensis away from their host colony was measured here as a proxy for sheltering strength and was expected to be shortest under highest predation risk. Predation risk, defined as a function of predator abundance and activity, turbidity and habitat complexity, was quantified at four reef slope sites in Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Damselfish sheltering strength was measured using stationary unmanned video cameras. Small damselfish (< 2 cm) increased their sheltering strength under high turbidity. Predator feeding activity, but not abundance, influenced damselfish sheltering strength. Contrary to our expectations, sheltering behaviour of adult damselfish decreased under high predator activity. While these observations are in line with risk-averse behaviour by juvenile P. moluccensis, they may indicate the presence of sentinel behaviour in the adults of this species. Habitat complexity seemed to be less important as a driver of damselfish behaviour. These counterintuitive results may indicate complex social behaviour and age-specific strategies for predator avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Asian green mussel Perna viridis is an abundant and important ecological and economical species across its native range. However, outside its native range, this species has been considered invasive and concerns have been raised worldwide regarding its potential impacts. Despite this, little work has been done to investigate the genetics of native and/or introduced populations of this species. In the present study, we developed 16 new polymorphic microsatellite markers using the Illumina MiSeq Platform. Four to 15 alleles per locus were detected. There was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci and all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]