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(1) Background: In accordance with the socio-ecological model of physical education (PE), school-based interventions to promote physical activity (PA) will only be successful if a change occurs in the perceptions and attitudes of all. This study sought to analyze non-PE teachers experiences in PE and how these experiences relate to the value they attribute to PE, sports and PA, and the impact of teachers’ perceptions on promoting active lifestyles in the school’s context. A mixed-method study was adopted. (2) Methods: A survey about the perceptions in PE was applied to 297 teachers (58 male). From this sample, 24 teachers were selected for three focus groups considering their experiences in PE (e.g., good experiences, bad experiences). MaxQda was used for the inductive qualitative data analysis. (3) Results: Teachers who have had good experiences in PE value the role of PE and sports. Teachers who have had bad experiences do not value the importance of PE or sports. (4) Conclusions: The results support the importance of having good experiences in PE to generate positive attitudes. Thus, teachers who have had bad experiences in PE may constitute barriers that will hinder the promotion of an educational climate that promotes PA and active lifestyles in schools. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O cancro é a segunda principal causa de morte em todo o mundo e tem tido uma incidência crescente, que tem acompanhado o envelhecimento da população. Apesar desta realidade, estima-se que quase metade dos casos de cancro poderiam ser prevenidos com a alteração de estilos de vida. A Literacia em Saúde e mais concretamente a Literacia em Cancro, pode ser a chave para fazer face a esta tendência crescente que tem sido observada. A necessidade de entender aquilo que os jovens sabem acerca do cancro levou à formulação do objetivo major deste estudo como aferir os níveis de Literacia em Cancro dos estudantes universitários portugueses. Pretendeu ainda verificar-se se o conhecimento dos inquiridos relativo à doença oncológica corresponde à perceção que os mesmos têm sobre esses mesmos conceitos relacionados com o cancro. Para efetuar este levantamento recorreu-se à ferramenta Students Knowledge and Perceptions about Cancer, que permitiu recolher a informação pretendida quer para a caracterização da amostra, quer para aferir os conhecimentos e perceções dos inquiridos, tendo sido feita, posteriormente, a análise estatística dos dados em SPSS. De uma amostra de 170 alunos universitários, observou-se que 72,4 % (123) acertam mais de metade das perguntas de resposta fechada e que o cancro do pulmão é o tópico onde existe maior desconhecimento, contrariamente ao cancro da mama, onde existe um maior número de respostas certas dadas. No geral, e em todos os tipos específicos de cancro, exceto o colorretal, parece existir uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre os conhecimentos e a perceção que os estudantes têm acerca dos conteúdos abordados. Apesar dos níveis satisfatórios de conhecimento geral acerca do cancro, existem certos tipos de cancro onde deve ser feito um trabalho mais aprofundado, de modo a colmatar falhas no conhecimento, pondo em destaque a prevenção como chave para a diminuição da incidência da doença oncológica. Concluise que ainda existe trabalho a ser feito de modo que possamos ter uma comunidade académica mais consciente, que saiba reconhecer os comportamentos de risco, os rastreios e os tratamentos que existem para lidar com o cancro. Contudo, será necessário conduzir novos estudos com uma amostra representativa e poderá ser interessante, no futuro, analisar melhor quais os fatores ou determinantes sociais que podem limitar este conhecimento e ainda que possíveis intervenções podem ser desenvolvidas de forma a mitigar a desinformação encontrada relativamente a determinados tipos de cancro. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and has had an increasing incidence, which has accompanied the ageing of the population. Despite this reality, it is estimated that almost half of all cancer cases could be prevented by changing lifestyles. Health Literacy, and more specifically, Cancer Literacy, may be the key to address this growing trend that has been observed. The need to understand what young people know about cancer led to the main objective of this study to assess the levels of Cancer Literacy among Portuguese university students. It also aimed to verify whether the respondents' knowledge on cancer-related diseases corresponds to their perception of these same cancer-related concepts. The tool Students Knowledge and Perceptions about Cancer was used to carry out this survey, which allowed collecting the desired information for both the sample characterization and the respondents' knowledge and perceptions, which were then analysed using SPSS. From a sample of 170 university students, we found that 72.4% (123) got more than half of the closed-ended questions right. That lung cancer is the topic where there is a higher lack of knowledge, contrary to breast cancer, where a higher number of correct answers were given. Overall, and in all specific types of cancer, except colorectal cancer, there seems to be a statistically significant correlation between students' knowledge and perception of the contents addressed. Despite the satisfactory levels of general knowledge about cancer, there are certain types of cancer where more sophisticated work should be done to bridge knowledge gaps, emphasizing prevention as a key to reduce the incidence of cancer. It is concluded that there is still work to be done to have a more aware academic community that knows how to recognise risk behaviours, screenings and treatments that exist to deal with cancer. However, it will be necessary to conduct new studies with a representative sample, and it may be interesting, in the future, to better analyse which factors or social determinants may limit this knowledge and which possible interventions can be developed to mitigate the misinformation found regarding certain types of cancer.

O Banco de Portugal iniciou, em 2021, um novo ciclo de planeamento estratégico. O quarto plano estratégico do Banco de Portugal 2021-2025 (PE21-25), divulgado no website institucional, define 35 prioridades/objetivos até 2025, as quais estão agregadas em cinco orientações estratégicas, cujas inter-relações e dinâmicas causais constituem a principal base do presente estudo. Neste sentido, o principal objetivo passa por desenvolver um conjunto de ações que permitam produzir recomendações de priorização dos 35 objetivos estratégicos através de uma abordagem metodológica que faz uso da técnica DEcision MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL). A presente investigação visa criar um procedimento de natureza construtivista que, com recurso à colaboração direta de um painel de decisores, permita emitir recomendações, com objetividade e substância empírica, sobre os objetivos estratégicos do Banco de Portugal e, adicionalmente, contribuir para suprir a escassez de literatura sobre o planeamento estratégico dos bancos centrais. De acordo com o objetivo principal deste estudo, os resultados da aplicação da técnica DEMATEL permitem identificar seis prioridades como fatores centrais (i.e., alta proeminência e relação), bem como apresentar uma lista hierarquizada das prioridades estratégicas do PE21-25. In 2021, Banco de Portugal started a new cycle of strategic planning. The Banco de Portugal’s fourth strategic plan (i.e., PE21-25) was published at the institutional website, and defines 35 priorities/objectives grouped into five strategic guidelines. The interrelationships and causal dynamics of those guidelines and priorities are the core of the current research. The main purpose is to develop a set of actions aiming at producing recommendations for prioritizing the 35 strategic objectives using the DEcision MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The objective is to develop a constructivist procedure that, with the direct collaboration of a panel of relevant decision makers, grants the analysis objectivity and empirical substance for making recommendations at the strategic level. Contributing to the literature on central banking strategic planning is an additional objective. The results of the DEMATEL application include the identification of six priorities as central factors (i.e., high prominence and high relation), and a hierarchical list of the PE21-25 strategic priorities analyzed, including their cause-and-effect relationships.

Este artigo avalia, de um ponto de vista sociológico, as motivações e as repercussões formativas da frequência de formações em agricultura biológica a partir de uma abordagem extensiva baseada num inquérito on-line. Os resultados revelam uma alteração para comportamentos alimentares saudáveis, nomeadamente marcados pelo consumo de alimentos biológicos. Associam-se igualmente efeitos positivos para a saúde revelados pelo aumento da atividade física e bem-estar, bem como redução do stress e cansaço. Parece haver uma tendência para os formandos melhoraram a sua qualidade de vida, ao mesmo tempo que assumiram uma maior consciência ambiental. Porém, a frequência do curso não foi uma oportunidade para mudar sua atividade profissional. In a sociological perspective, this article evaluates the motivations and the formative repercussions of the frequency of training in organic farming from an extensive approach based on a survey online. The results reveal a change to healthy eating behaviours, notably marked by the consumption of organic foods. While at the same time, due to increased physical activity, revealing positive health effects, and well-being as well as reduced stress and tiredness. There seems to be a tendency for quality of life improvement, while at the greater environmental awareness. However, attending the course was not an opportunity to change their professional activity. Cet article évalue d'un point de vue sociologique les motivations et les répercussions formatives du suivi de formations en agriculture biologique, par une enquête basée sur des questionnaires en ligne. Les résultats révèlent meilleurs comportements alimentaires, notamment marqués par la consommation d'aliments biologiques. Cette observation a été fortement corrélée avec des effets positifs sur la santé révélés par une augmentation de l'activité physique et du bien-être, ainsi que par une réduction du stress et de la fatigue. Les stagiaires semblent vouloir améliorer leur qualité de vie, tout en ayant acquis une meilleure conscience de l'environnement. Néanmoins, la présence à la formation n'a pas été saisie comme une opportunité de changer leur activité professionnelle. Este artículo evalúa desde un punto de vista sociológico las motivaciones y las repercusiones formativas de la participacion a una formaciónen agricultura biologica, por un estudio baseado en unos cuestionarios on - line. Los resultados revelan un cambio para mejores comportamientos alimentarios, especialmente marcados por un consume de productos biológicos. También observamos efectos positivos sobre la salud, revelados por una aumentación de la actividad fisica e del bienestar, asi como una reducción del estrés e del cansancio. Parece que hay una tendencia de los aprendices para mejorar su calidad de vida, al mismo tiempo que adquirieron una mejor conciencia ambiental. Sin embargo, la participación a la formación no fue una oportunidad para cambiar su actividad profesional.

The human element is the most influential resource and the one that has the greatest responsibility on the organizations' effectiveness and efficiency. (Milkovich and Boudreau, 2004). Therefore, the development of human resources and their training is fundamental to achieve the organizational goals (Banerjee, 2016; Chand, 2016). Globalization facilitates the mobility of people around the world, increasing the number and diversity of tourists in hotels (Gao, Li, Liu and Fang, 2018) from different cultures, bringing with them different perceptions of the quality of services ( Schckert, Liu and Law, 2015). This new reality became a challenge for human resources management practices, and specifically in one of its key areas, which is training (Singh, 2018). Studies show that training has a positive impact on skills development and worker performance (Otoo and Mishra, 2018). After the diagnosis of the situation regarding the training programs of hotel professionals, in terms of contents and methods, we found a gap, since cultural training is not usually part of these training programs (Gamio and Sneed, 1991). Thus, we end this paper by presenting a more comprehensive training proposal that takes cultural values into account, as well as their impact on the interaction of these professionals with clients. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

While academic research has focused on binational marriages (i.e., marriages between partners of different national origins), transnational divorce is still under-researched in the field of migration and family studies. Drawing on qualitative data, this paper analyses the testimonies of Brazilian and Cape Verdean migrant women concerning their experiences of marriage and divorce from Portuguese partners. We adopt an intersectional approach to highlight how some central categories—gender, social class and migration status—influence their agency and consequences of marital disruption. Contrary to studies in which migrant women are victimised after divorce, our results reveal that, for these women, marital dissolution is an empowering strategy to end up their unhappy marriages. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted adolescents’ lives, leading to unprecedented changes in their routines, especially in education. Face-to-face physical education (PE) classes during COVID-19 were affected in organization, possibly conditioning students’ participation, motivation and learning. Based on the achievement goal and self-determination theories, the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the motivational indicators of adolescents in face-to-face PE classes during COVID-19, according to gender, educational level and physical activity (PA). A total of 1369 students participated in the study (621 boys and 748 girls; mean age: 14.4 years; SD: 1.74). Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using MANCOVAs adjusted for age, pre- and post-COVID-19 PA, socioeconomic status and BMI (Z-score). Differences in achievement goals, motivational climate and motivational regulation levels were found in different groups by gender, PA and educational level, favoring older and more active participants. A more positive motivational profile was found for girls in general and, specifically, for active boys, regarding more self-determined motivations and mastery goal orientations. Overall, this study’s findings suggest that the restrictions related to face-to-face PE classes during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on students’ motivation. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

COVID-19 was declared the pandemic on 11 March 2020, and the world is still in the throes of an unprecedented and highly unpredictable public health crisis, with consequences at an individual, group, organisational, and societal level. Under such dire circumstances, leadership is of decisive importance, as the repercussions of the decisions taken may, now more than ever, be crucial. Hence, leadership is currently essential not only for the success, but for the actual survival of organisations. In a scenario of ongoing change with unforeseeable outcomes, the absence of good leadership could mean the demise of an organisation. Grounded on the theory of responsible leadership and the theory of shared leadership, the authors present the good leadership practices that are considered essential during times of major unpredictability such those currently underway. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Some scholars have hypothesized that social integration in the European Union (EU) is a trigger for bi-national European marriages. Although this idea has been the motivation behind some research, empirical evidence shows that the effect of accession to the EU has had a limited effect on partner choice. This study aims to add to the knowledge on this issue by analysing the trends and patterns of marriages between Portuguese and non-Portuguese citizens between 1997 and 2011. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses using official data on marriages that took place in Portugal, with the results showing that bi-national European marriages remained stable throughout the period, although some nuances are evident depending on the type of marriage. While Portuguese-EU15 marriages declined over time, those between native Portuguese and other Europeans increased. Gender differences determined the development and composition of these marriages. This article also notes the existence of three distinct types of bi-national union: labour, recomposed and highly educated couples. The final part of the article seeks to explain and interpret the findings, specifically by focusing on the increase in cohabitation as a functional substitute for bi-national European marriage, the need to compare and combine the number of marriages in both spouses’ countries, and changes in the structure of the Portuguese matrimonial market due to the arrival of new social groups (e.g. Brazilian and Eastern European).

Although the institutionalisation of sociology in Portugal was only possible after the revolution of 1974, it is currently characterised by a remarkable vitality, noticeable for instance in the number and diversity of the members of the Portuguese Sociological Association (Associação Portuguesa de Sociologia), as well as the participants at its national conference. However, significant challenges have also emerged, not only resulting from the expansion and diversification of sociologists, but also from the economic crisis, the austerity policies, the growth of social sciences specialisations, and policies favouring business, law, health and engineering in research and the labour markets. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Daylily rust—caused by Puccinia hemerocallidis—was confined to Eastern Asia until the disease was reported in Oceania, Africa, the Americas and Portugal in the 21st century. Although information on rust resistance of American cultivars is available, little is known about the resistance of European bred cultivars, threating the ornamental sector if the fungus spreads to other European countries. Aiming to provide tools to address this, we analyzed the Portuguese pathogens and characterized rust resistance in a selection of cultivars, while optimizing disease rating scales. Morphologic, genetic and cytogenomic characterization of four isolates reveals narrow diversity and raises the question whether the pathogen may have originated in North- or Central America. Daily records of multiple symptomatologic parameters enabled a detailed disease progress analysis, discriminating cultivars according to their resistance levels and revealing susceptibility as the most common state. Among the tested cultivars, 12 out of 17 began to show symptoms between 6–8 dai and were classified as susceptible. Cultivars ‘Stella d’Oro’, ‘Bitsy’ and ‘Cherry Tiger’ behaved as moderately resistant although the occurrence of late sporulation on leaves suggests incomplete resistance and challenges common rating scales. The identification of resistance sources in European breeding lines is crucial for the sustainable future of daylilies.

Resumo: Os pais são figuras centrais no desenvolvimento emocional da criança durante os seus primeiros anos de vida, com a literatura a focar-se, essencialmente, no impacto da mãe na aquisição e desenvolvimento da compreensão emocional (CE), apesar de evidências recentes indicarem a importância que as práticas paternas poderão ter neste domínio. O presente estudo analisou o efeito dos estilos parentais e das práticas de socialização das emoções negativas do pai na CE das crianças, numa amostra de 75 pais e crianças portuguesas em idade pré-escolar. Os pais reportaram os seus estilos parentais e práticas através dos questionários PSDQ e CCNES, respetivamente. A CE foi avaliada pelo TEC. Verificou-se uma associação negativa entre a CE e o estilo permissivo e as reações de perturbação, e uma associação positiva com a idade da criança. Os resultados são discutidos equacionando características dos estilos e práticas paternas e o seu possível impacto na CE da criança. Abstract: Parents are central figures in children’s emotional development during the first years of life. The core literature has focused mainly on the role that mothers have on children’s emotional comprehension (EC), yet new evidence supports the notion that fathers practices may also play a role in this domain. The present study analysed the effects of father’s parenting styles and socialization practices of negative emotions on children’s EC, using a sample of 75 fathers and their Portuguese preschool age children. Fathers reported on their parenting styles and practices using the PSDQ and the CCNES questionnaires. Children’s EC was analysed with the TEC. Negative associations were found between children’s EC and father’s permissive style and distress reactions. A positive association between EC and child’s age was also found. Results were discussed in terms of father’s parenting styles and practices characteristics and their potential impact on children’s emotional comprehension. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

One of the consequences of globalization was the internationalization of organizations. In this context, expatriation has become fundamental for the competitiveness of the organizations. Training is indispensable to adjustment of expatriates in a new culture. Poor performance by expatriates compromises the success and competitive capacity of organizations. Like expatriation, responsible leadership is a very important topic. Responsible leadership can be the answer for a more ethical business in a context full of uncertainties. In literature there are a variety of definitions about responsible leadership. In spite of that, the relationship between leaders and stakeholders (internal and external) to achieve a common objective is vital. Leaders interact with different stakeholders with different costumes and culture. Knowledge of national idiosyncrasies is very important because these are a key element in the internationalization process as well as a factor of success in expatriation and responsible leadership. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

Enquadramento: A procura permanente de mais equidade social condições de saúde e qualidade de vida implica uma maior aposta na dotação da população de literacia em saúde mental. Objetivos: Determinar o nível de literacia em saúde mental nos profissionais da educação, saúde e segurança; identificar que variáveis sociodemográficas e socioprofissionais que interferem na literacia em saúde mental; averiguar a relação existente entre as crenças sobre a doença mental e a literacia em saúde mental nos referidos profissionais. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo-correlacional. Os dados foram colhidos junto de 136 agentes educativos, sendo 62,5% professores, 32,4% enfermeiros e 5,1% agentes policiais, maioritariamente do género feminino (70,6%), com uma idade média de 48,34 anos (±7,49 anos). Como instrumento de recolha de dados utilizou-se um questionário de caracterização sociodemográfica e socioprofissional, o Inventário de Crenças sobre a Doença Mental (Loureiro, Dias e Ferreira, 2009) e o Questionário de Literacia em Saúde Mental (LSMq) (Campos, Palha, Dias, Veiga & Duarte, 2012). Resultados: Os agentes educativos apresentam níveis mais elevados de crenças em relação ao reconhecimento da doença (M=4,69±0,64) e em relação à doença mental como condição médica (M=4,48±0,73), com menor índice médio na causa de estigma e discriminação (M=2,21±0,68). Índice médio de 4,21 (± 0,40) para os conhecimentos e estereótipos sobre problemas de saúde mental, 4.16 (±0,48) para a procura de ajuda e comportamentos e 4,29 (±0,47) para as estratégias de auto-ajuda. As mulheres apresentam maiores níveis de literacia em saúde mental em todos os fatores. Os agentes educativos com idade ≥55 anos expressam mais literacia em saúde mental, com exceção nas estratégias de auto-ajuda, onde pontuaram mais os agentes educativos com ≤44 anos de idade. Os participantes residentes em meio rural expressam mais literacia em saúde mental em todos os fatores. Os professores manifestam mais literacia em saúde mental no que se refere à procura de ajuda e comportamentos, sendo os enfermeiros os que manifestam mais literacia em saúde mental em relação aos conhecimentos e estereótipos sobre problemas de saúde mental, estratégias de autoajuda e no factor global. As variáveis preditoras de saúde mental foram o género, zona de residência, crenças no reconhecimento da doença e o grupo profissional. Os homens e os participantes residentes em meio urbano revelam mais literacia sobre os problemas de saúde mental e que quanto mais crenças têm os agentes educativos no reconhecimento da doença, maior é o nível de literacia ao nível dos conhecimentos e estereótipos sobre os problemas de saúde mental. Quanto mais crenças ao nível do reconhecimento da doença maior é a literacia em termos de procura de ajuda e comportamentos, bem como acerca das estratégias de auto-ajuda, revelando mais literacia em saúde mental global. Conclusões: Após a realização deste estudo chegou-se à conclusão que é necessário desenvolver ações de formação e/ou programas de educação para a saúde para que se possa dotar as comunidade de mais literacia em saúde mental, onde o enfermeiro tem um papel de destaque, como agente promotor de literacia em saúde mental. Abstract Background: The ongoing search for more social equity, health conditions and quality of life implies a greater focus on the population's literacy in mental health. Objectives: To determine the level of mental health literacy in education, health and safety professionals; identify socio-demographic and socio-professional variables that interferes in mental health literacy; to investigate the relationship between beliefs about mental illness and mental health literacy in these professionals. Methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study. Data were collected from 136 educational agents, 62.5% were teachers, 32.4% were nurses and 5.1% were police officers, mostly female (70.6%), with a mean age of 48.34 years (±7.49 years). As a data collection instrument, a sociodemographic and socioprofessional characterization questionnaire was used, the Belief Inventory on Mental Illness (Loureiro, Dias & Ferreira, 2009) and the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (LSMq) (Campos, Palha, Dias, Veiga & Duarte, 2012). Results: Educational agents presented higher levels of beliefs regarding the recognition of the disease (M = 4.69 ± 0.64) and mental illness as a medical condition (M=4.48±0.73), with lower mean index in the cause of stigma and discrimination (M=2.21±0.68). Mean index of 4.21 (±0.40) for knowledge and stereotypes on mental health problems, 4.16 (± 0.48) for the search for help and behaviors and 4.29 (±0.47) for the strategies self-help. Women have higher levels of mental health literacy in all factors. Educational agents aged ≥55 years express more literacy in mental health, with the exception of self-help strategies, where they scored more educational agents ≤44 years old. Participants living in rural areas express more mental health literacy on all factors. Teachers manifest more mental health literacy in regard to seeking help and behavior, with nurses manifesting more mental health literacy in relation to knowledge and stereotypes about mental health problems, selfhelp strategies, and the global factor. The predictors of mental health were the gender, area of residence, beliefs in the recognition of the disease and the professional group. Urban men and participants show more literacy about mental health problems and that the more beliefs that educators have in recognizing the disease, the higher the level of knowledge literacy and stereotypes about mental health problems . The more beliefs at the level of disease recognition are literacy in terms of seeking help and behaviors as well as self-help strategies, revealing more literacy in global mental health. Conclusions: After completing this study, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop training actions and/or health education programs so that the community can be provided with more mental health literacy, where nurses play a prominent role, such as agent promoting mental health literacy.

A sociologia é uma ciência antiga, mas com uma presença tardia em Portugal. A ditadura não permitiu mais do que a existência de um pequeno núcleo de ensino da sociologia (ou melhor, de uma certa sociologia) em Évora e a organização de um grupo de investigadores pioneiros organizados no GIS, atual ICS, em torno de Sedas Nunes e da revista Análise Social, já no final da sua longa existência inibidora do progresso e do desenvolvimento do país. info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

José Crespo de Carvalho,1 Madalena Ramos,1 Carina Paixão2 1Business School, University Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 2Instituto Português de Oncologia, Lisbon, Portugal Abstract: Lean practices and thinking have increased substantially in the last few years. Applications of lean practices to health care are found worldwide. Despite that, new contributions are required because the application of lean thinking to hospitals has a long way to go. Lean practices and thinking do not include, in the literature or practice programs, any references to triage systems in health care units. The common triage systems require physical presence, but there are alternative methods to avoid the need to move patients: these alternative triage systems, given their characteristics, may be included in the spectrum of lean practices. Currently, patients that are already known to suffer from cancer are encouraged to go to hospital (public or private, with an oncological focus) when facing side effects from chemotherapy or radiation treatments; they are then submitted to a triage system (present themselves to the hospital for examination). The authors of this paper propose the introduction of telephone or email triage for impaired patients as a valid substitute for moving them physically, thereby often avoiding several unnecessary moves. This approach has, in fact, characteristics similar to a lean practice in that it reduces costs and maintains, if done properly, the overall service offered. The proposed 'remote' triage emerged from the results of a large survey sent to patients and also as the outcome of a set of semistructured interviews conducted with hospital nurses. With the results they obtained, the authors felt comfortable proposing this approach both to public and private hospitals, because the study was conducted in the most important, largest, and best-known oncological unit in Spain. As a final result, the health care unit studied is now taking the first steps to implement a remote triage system by telephone, and has begun to reduce the previously necessary movement of impaired patients. Keywords: lean health care, lean practices, emergency department, telephone/remote triage

Ao longo das últimas décadas, o número de estrangeiros residentes em Portugal aumentou de forma expressiva. Neste contexto, a comunidade brasileira assumiu uma importância cada vez maior, sendo em 2009 a nacionalidade mais representada, com uma participação de 25% no total de residentes estrangeiros em Portugal. Esta evolução tem, como seria de se esperar, reflexos a outros níveis, em particular no contexto do casamento. Contrariando a tendência decrescente observada para o total de casamentos ocorridos entre 2001 e 2009, aqueles em que pelo menos um dos cônjuges nasceu no Brasil quase quadruplicaram nesse período. Para muitos autores, os casamentos mistos são um bom indicador da integração das comunidades imigrantes na sociedade de acolhimento. Assim, dada a importância da comunidade brasileira residente em Portugal, é relevante observar qual o peso dos casamentos mistos nesta comunidade e analisar seus padrões de matrimônio. A análise estatística dos microdados dos casamentos disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística possibilitou estudar e caraterizar a evolução dos casamentos registrados em Portugal, entre 2001 e 2009, envolvendo brasileiros residentes em Portugal. Ficou patente a existência de um elevado nível de casamentos mistos, em especial com portugueses, neste período, o que indicia sua integração na comunidade de acolhimento. Verificaram-se igualmente algumas diferenças nos padrões de matrimônio entre os sexos, bem como uma tendência para a diminuição da importância dos casamentos mistos, em especial entre os homens.

The microbial reduction of alpha-methyl, allyl and benzyl derivatives of alpha-acetyl-gamma-butyrolactones was carried out. It has been shown that different microorganisms, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Hansenula sp., Geotrichum candidum and Aspergillus niger, are capable to carry out the enantiospecific/selective reduction of these compounds. In the examples studied K. marxianus afforded the best results in terms of diastereo and enantioselectivity. It was found that depending on the particular microorganism used, a particular enantiomer can be obtained. Since these microorganisms are wild type, that is, are not engineered, they are robust and can be used to scale up these processes, which is going to be the next step of our study. It has been definitively proved that this microbial reduction occurs via the keto form, so clarifying the mechanism of these reactions firstly carried out with unsubstituted compounds.

Throughout the development of capitalist societies, there has been a steady increase in the importance attributed to education/training in the process of employability: it has asserted itself as a key variable in the functioning of the labour markets. In the light of an analysis of the data in the 2007 Personnel Charts, the aim of this article is to understand to what extent educational levels still represent a variable that explains the different types of employment relationships among young people between 15 and 24 years of age. The relevant and innovative aspects of this study are, firstly, a multiple correspondence analysis of the unpublished secondary information and, secondly, the findings that new patterns of integration into the labour market have emerged, with distinctive characteristics, though they do not call into question the positive association between educational certificates and the employment relationship., A lo largo del proceso de evolución de las sociedades capitalistas, se ha venido intensificando la importancia conferida a la educación/formación en el proceso de empleabilidad, afirmándose como variable centraldel funcionamiento de los mercados de trabajo. Este artículo procura entender, a partir del análisis de datos obtenidos en el cuerpo (plazas) profesional para el año de 2007, en qué medida es que los niveles deescolaridad continúan configurándose como una variable explicativa de los diferentes tipos de relaciones de empleo de los jóvenes entre los 15 y los 24 años. Un análisis de correspondencias múltiples sobre lainformación secundaria no publicada y la constatación de la emergencia de padrones nuevos de inserción profesional, con características distintivas que, todavía, no cuestionan la asociación positiva entre losdiplomas escolares y la relación de empleo, constituyen los aspectos pertinentes e innovadores de este estudio., Tout au long de l’évolution des sociétés capitalistes, l’importance conférée à ‘éducation/formation dans le processus d’employabilité s’intensifie. Elle s’affirme désormais comme une variable centrale dufonctionnement des marchés du travail. Cet article analyse les données obtenues dans les tableaux des effectifs de l’année 2007 afin de comprendre dans quelle mesure les niveaux de scolarité continuent deconstituer une variable pouvant expliquer les différents types de relations d’emploi des jeunes entre 15 et 24 ans. Une analyse des correspondances multiples sur l’information secondaire non publiée et laconstatation de l’émergence de nouveaux modèles d’insertion professionnelle qui, malgré leurs caractéristiques distinctives, ne remettent pas en cause l’association positive entre les diplômes scolaires et la relation d’emploi, sont les aspects pertinents et innovants de cette étude., Ao longo do processo de evolução das sociedades capitalistas, tem vindo a intensificar-se a importância conferida à educação/formação no processo de empregabilidade, afirmando-se como variável central do funcionamento dos mercados de trabalho. Este artigo procura perceber, a partir da análise de dados obtidos nos Quadros de Pessoal para o ano de 2007, em que medida é que os níveis de escolaridade continuam a configurar-se como uma variável explicativa de diferentes tipos de relações de emprego dos jovens entre os 15 e os 24 anos. Uma análise de correspondências múltiplas sobre a informação secundária não publicada e a constatação da emergência de padrões novos de inserção profissional, com características distintivas que, todavia, não questionam a associação positiva entre os diplomas escolares e a relação de emprego, constituem os aspectos pertinentes e inovadores deste estudo.

The aim of this study is to examine whether and how the use of verbal descriptors at all categories or just at the extremes of 5-point Likert-type items influences the results. Each participant was requested to mark his/her level of agreement with 18 items concerning beliefs on mathematics, using one of the following forms: with verbal descriptors at all categories or just at the extremes. Respondents were found to use more intensively the extreme categories when only these were verbally described. However, these differences were not significant when using summated scales, except in case of severe skewness. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

We aimed to identify patterns of work value orientations in a sample of graduates from two universities in Lisbon, and assess whether differences in extrinsic and intrinsic orientations can be explained by structural determinants of material living conditions. We found three common patterns: “aspirational maximalism”; importance of the job to gain financial autonomy from parents; and greater importance of intrinsic rewards. Results suggest the variation in the importance of extrinsic and intrinsic values bears little correlation with differences in material living conditions, and that subjects tend to adjust their work value orientations to their assessment of objective employment rewards., Procuramos identificar los patrones de valores del trabajo en una muestra de licenciados de dos universidades de Lisboa y averiguar si las diferencias entre orientaciones internas y externas son explicables por factores estructurales determinantes de las condiciones materiales de existencia. Encontramos tres patrones transversales: “maximalismo” de las aspiraciones, importancia del empleo para el proceso de autonomía financiera ante los padres, y una mayor importancia concedida a las recompensas internas de que a las externas. Los resultados sugieren que la variación en la importancia de los valores internos y externos está poco correlacionada con las diferencias de las condiciones materiales de existencia y que estos licenciados tienden a ajustar sus orientaciones de valor frente al trabajo a la evaluación de las recompensas objetivamente obtenidas con el trabajo., Nous avons cherché à identifier les critères du choix d’orientation professionnelle dans un échantillon de jeunes diplômés de deux universités de Lisbonne, afin de vérifier si les différences entre critères intrinsèques et extrinsèques peuvent s’expliquer par des facteurs structuraux déterminants des conditions matérielles de vie. Nous avons relevé trois critères transversaux: aboutissement des aspirations; importance de l’emploi pour l’autonomie financière vis-à-vis des parents; et une plus grande importance accordée aux récompenses intrinsèques qu’aux récompenses extrinsèques. Les résultats suggèrent que la variation de l’importance des facteurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques a peu de liens avec les différentes conditions matérielles de vie et que ces jeunes diplômés tentent d’adapter leurs orientations professionnelles en fonction des récompenses qu’ils peuvent objectivement tirer de l’emploi., Procurámos identificar os padrões de valores do trabalho numa amostra de licenciados de duas universidades de Lisboa e averiguar se as diferenças entre orientações intrínsecas e extrínsecas são explicáveis por fatores estruturais determinantes das condições materiais de existência. Encontrámos três padrões transversais: “maximalismo” das aspirações; importância do emprego para a autonomização financeira face aos pais; e uma maior importância concedida às recompensas intrínsecas do que às extrínsecas. Os resultados sugerem que a variação na importância dos valores intrínsecos e extrínsecos está pouco correlacionada com as diferenças das condições materiais de existência, e que estes licenciados tendem a ajustar as suas orientações de valor face ao trabalho à avaliação das recompensas objetivamente obtidas com o emprego.

Theme: Complex health care and chronic disease management.

ResumoObjetivoComparação da adaptação marginal da obturação com técnica de cone único, utilizando 2 cimentos endodônticos (AH Plus e EndoSequence BC Sealer) e 2 tipos de cones de guta‐percha (Protaper F4 e EndoSequence BC Points).MétodosVinte e um dentes monorradiculares foram preparados com limas Protaper e obturados com técnica de cone único. Foram constituídos 3 grupos experimentais de acordo com as combinações: Protaper F4 e AH Plus (AH); Protaper F4 e EndoSequence BC Sealer (F4ES); EndoSequence BC Points e EndoSequence BC Sealer (ES). Os espécimes foram observados ao microscópio eletrónico de varrimento (MEV) e calculada a média das ordens do tamanho das fendas e da percentagem de fendas no perímetro do espécime. Os dados foram submetidos a testes estatísticos não paramétricos (alfa=0,05).ResultadosA análise dos resultados revelou existência de zonas com fendas e zonas sem fendas, em todos os grupos. Em média, o grupo AH apresentou fendas maiores, independentemente dos terços. Quando comparados os terços, existe diferença significativa (p

This article analyses the exogamy patterns in four groups of immigrants to Portugal — from the Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOPs), EU-12, Brazil, and Eastern Europe — in 2001 and 2011. In the light of earlier studies, on the one hand the authors assess the existence of both gender differences and differences in terms of educational and age homogamy in these marriages. On the other, they also analyse the factors that explain the propensity to exogamic marriage. The results point to marriage patterns that differ according to gender, as well as to differences between the older waves of immigration (PALOPs and EU-12) and the more recent ones (Brazil and Eastern Europe). These data are interpreted in the final part of the article.

This study aimed to identify socio-demographic correlates of leisure time physical activity among Portuguese adults. Subjects aged 31-60 years (1,076 males, 1,383 females) were categorized into two groups according to recommended physical activities ranging from >= 10 or < 10 MET. hours. week-1. Leisure time physical activity data was self-reported, including activities, duration of each session and frequency. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were applied to the results. Among men, having a high socioeconomic status (OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.30-2.76; p = 0.001) was associated with attaining the recommended level of physical activity. For women, middle education levels were associated with physical activity (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01-1.85). Moreover, middle socioeconomic status (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 0.80-1.91; p = 0.009) was also positively associated with meeting physical activities recommendations in the unadjusted analysis. Men and women had different patterns of socio-demographic correlates. An intervention designed to improve the levels of physical activity among Portuguese adults may take these correlates into account. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Este artigo analisa as mudanças estruturais do emprego juvenil entre os 15 e 24 anos de idade, com escolaridade básica obrigatória (ISCED 0-2), nos anos de 1988, 1998 e 2007, tendo por base dados não publicados dos Quadros de Pessoal do Ministério do Trabalho e da Solidariedade Social. A exploração das variáveis contrato, antiguidade, duração do tempo de trabalho e remuneração, permite configurar uma autonomização do mercado de trabalho da mão-de-obra juvenil face à generalidade do mercado de trabalho. Conclui-se argumentando que a escolaridade é um fator diferenciador da relação de emprego dos jovens menos escolarizados face aos mais escolarizados., Análise Social, Vol. 49 No. 210 (2014)

The aim of this study was to identify correlated factors which explain the recommended level of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) among Portuguese adults. Subjects aged 31-60 years (972 males, 1195 females) were categorized, based on LTPA data obtained using a questionnaire, into two groups according to the PA recommendation for PA:10 or

Forty cases of carcinoid tumors of the lung were studied retrospectively from 1989-1993 in the Pathology Department of Hospital Pulido Valente in Lisbon. The mean age of patients was 44 years old, and the presenting symptoms included hemoptysis, cough, thoracic pain, fever, and dyspnea. An endobronchial mass was seen in 75% of the cases. The histopathological study was based on the following morphological criteria: disorganized architecture with increased cellularity (8 cases; 20%), nuclear pleomorphism (14 cases; 22%), the presence of coarse chromatin (19 cases; 30%), increased mitotic activity (13 cases; 21%), enlarged nucleoli (17 cases; 27%), necrosis (12 cases; 25%), vascular permeation (8 cases; 15%), distant metastasis (6 cases; 14%). Chromogranin was the most strongly reliable immunostaining for the diagnosis. In our series the initial routine diagnosis and the diagnosis after morphological criteria evaluation matched, and in 14 cases the final diagnosis was of atypical carcinoids.

This study aims to assess awareness of physical activity levels among adults and to investigate the variables associated with different types of awareness. The participants were 1042 men and 1316 women aged 31-60 years old (43.3 ± 6.1). Data were collected on physical activity behaviour, physical activity awareness, perceptions and psychological factors. Awareness was assessed by comparing self-rated physical activity with achieving physical activity guidelines. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were applied to the results. About 32.4% were considered active. Moreover, 61% accurately reported their physical activity (38.3% realistic inactive and 22.7% realistic active), 29.2% overestimated their physical activity (overestimators) and 9.7% incorrectly described themselves as inactive (underestimators). Perception of an excellent health status (odds ratio, OR = 4.07, 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.07-8.00, p < 0.001) was the strongest positive association with being realistic active, followed by having a high socio-economic status (SES) (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.12, p < 0.05). Overestimator participants were more likely to have an excellent perception of health (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.47-4.52, p < 0.01) and had a good experience in physical education (OR = 1.46, 95% CI:1.03-2.08, p < 0.05). Almost half of these participants erroneously perceived themselves as physically active. Gender, body mass index (BMI) and the quality of physical education at school were associated with those who misperceived their physical activity.

So far, academicians have not been able to empirically confirm that boardroom reforms will lead to more effective boards and ultimately positively affect corporate performance. As social actors we all have biased views, as do boardroom members, thus it is necessary to analyse directors’ perceptions about their role in order to understand if they are aligned and acting accordingly. The research goal is then to understand what is, in fact, directors’ role and contribution. Through a survey-based method board members from Portuguese listed firms were requested to rate the Chairman, the Board, the Senior Independent Director and the CEO performance, through their own perceptions. The survey draws three key conclusions: first, there are, generally, many inconsistencies around the board role boundaries between the chairman and the CEO and, particularly, around their strategic involvement. Second, tensions arise from the way this relationship evolves affecting both teams (the executive and non-executive directors) and third, there is an absence of a clear picture of the board’s role regarding its strategic involvement. This study, whilst exploring and understanding directors and their interactions inside the boardroom in a non-Anglo-American context, contributes to opening the ‘black-box’ of board dynamics, thus ‘dismantling the fortress’ in boards studies.

Theme: Complex health care and chronic disease management.

The admission and stay in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit represents an anxious experience to parents, because of their frustrated expectations and the confrontation with the possibility of newborn's death. The aims of this study were to assess how mothers cope with physical characteristics of the context, with treatments and with the loss of the idealized parental role; to assess how mothers evaluate the medical and nurse staff performance; and to assess the degree of satisfaction with the Service.A sample of 100 mothers, whose newborns were admitted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,was asked to fulfil a specific survey.In a general way, according to the mean of all stress subscales, the total experienced stress was moderate. Significant associations or differences between scholarity and stress were not found, as well as with mother's age. The loss of parental role was the most anxious factor for mothers. The satisfaction with medical team was inversely related to stress. Mothers were satisfied with nurse team performance.The loss of the idealized parental role is the most anxious experience for the mothers. The observed results highlight the need for the continuous change of the neonatal unit in a more warming environment for the mothers and their newborns.