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Information represent the meaning attached to the data. Information is an organizational resource and is crucial in the contemporary world of high technology. Information differs significantly from matter and energy has specific features, is not consumed by using or diminished by distribution. The information system is a very complex system that deals with data and information. Information systems are designed to creatw quality information that helps solve business problems. The business information system helps in the decision-making process and sometimes makes decisions autonomously in repetitive situations. Given the rapid development of information technology, each new business information system must be based on the most recent software-technological basis and maximize the existing information-communication, technological and other opportunities for new organizational-functional forms of action. Business information systems are not concerned with general information and information issues, unless it is necessary for the realization of their own business, programs and objectives that are in the business function or business of a business entity. It is tailored to their IT component, their programming support, databases and information. The significance of the business information system is based on its role in the daily records of business events, i.e. the storage of data. THe structure and development of business-information systems are conditioned by different forms of business, so in different forms of organization there are systems of different complexity.

Systematic thinking is applied to complex phenomena and systems, so the focus usually occurs over a sufficient knowledge, with an emphasis on the analysis of processes in the system and knowing a whole, rather than its components. Because of this, the development and application of systematic thinking represents the development of new scientific concepts, methods, ideas and theories. A systematic approach is characterized by the observation of phenomena in their dynamism and integrity, which on the basis of the knowledge that can be reached by studying system enables management of system development through the other methodological disciplines, formulate, develops and apply common patterns of system behavior. A fundamental characteristic of the system a pproach is interconnectivity and dynamism of the subjects of the reserach, which develop in the interaction of the parts in relation to the whole. The system is a word of Czech origin who is described as the totality of the principles of the things coordinated and linked into a whole. The idea of systems dates back to the ancient Greek thinkers Plato, Aristotle, Democritus and others. Aristotle defined the system as a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. The system is therefore, appropriate(functional) unit, which makes certain components and relationships between them. There are many definitions of system, almost as much as theorists who study the system. THe term system means a set of (composition) elements (parts) whose mutual relations are based on certain laws (principles) and all are directly related to the system environment. The dynamics of a syste entails changing its state in a certain space over a period of time.

The effiency of the transport system is based on the efficiency of its transport subsystems. However, if traffic subsystems are functioning on their own, outside the framework of a comprehensive transport policy and strategy of transport development it necessarly results with the impared traffic supply and traffic demand. For this whay reason it is extremely important an harmonious relationship of supply and demand for transport services, which has a positive effect on economic development, reduction of total transport costs in particular of external transport costs, but also represents an important determinant of sustainable development.

The cardinal concept of TCP development to carry data within the network congestion plays a vital role to cause packet loss. On the other hand, there are several other reasons to lose packets in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks due to fading, interfaces, multi-path routing, malicious node and black hole. Along with throughput, fairness of TCP protocols is important to establish a good communication. In this paper, an empirical study has been done by simulation and analysis of TCP variations under Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol. TCP is the most commonly-used reliable transport protocol. Today, TCP is supported by almost all Internet applications. However, TCP does not always perform optimally according to the network environment in which it is used. In order to identify TCP"s performance limitations and thus to be able to address them, it is important to study its behaviour, categorize its performance metrics and quantify them in each of the different environments where TCP can be used. In this paper we analyze an important performance metric within one increasingly-important environment in which TCP is to be used. This work is an empirical study of different TCP variants within wireless Ad Hoc Networks.

Požari u zatvorenim prostorima mogu uzrokovati katastrofalne posljedice zbog zatvorenog i ograničenog prostora. Svakako treba naglasiti da bi edukacija u obliku mnogih preventivnih aktivnosti te pružanja brze kardiopulmonalne reanimacije trebala biti učestalija u obrazovnim programima na svim razinama. U prvom redu, treba obuhvatiti: pripadnike zaštitarske službe te druge djelatnike koji rade na tim frekventnim mjestima, koja će biti opskrbljena priborom prve pomoći, a koji će sadržavati i defibrilatore. Redovito treba kontrolirati kvalitetu udahnutog zraka, na frekventnim mjestima, propagirati pješačenje, vožnju biciklom te korištenje javnoga gradskog prijevoza. Budući znanstveni radovi mogli bi se usredotočiti na tu problematiku i početi prikupljati i stvarati bazu podataka, kao i simulirati proces evakuacije, pružanje prve pomoći, te zbrinjavanja unesrećenih sudionika.

Road tunnels constitute a vital part of transport infrastructure by ensuring underground passages for vehicles and travelers, positioned on frequent corridors beneath high mountains. With respect to traffic increase, as well as of the efforts made by investors to maximally exploit their buildable land, especially in crowded cities, more tunnels are being constructed in order to improve the availability and the capacity of transport systems. Nevertheless, tunnels can present a safety threat. By analysing global scientific researches, it becomes evident that as many as 90% of crashes in road tunnels result in fires, which can lead to devastating effects due to enclosed and confined space. For instance, in 1999, when a fire broke out in the Mont Blanc Tunnel, between France and Italy, 39 people lost their lives. In another very similar disaster, in the Tauern Tunnel, Austria, in 2008, there were 12 people fatally injured. Training by means of many preventive activities should be more frequently represented in educational programmes designed for active and passive traffic participants. Future scientific papers could focus on achieving that safety measure, as well as to stimulate the process of treatment and evacuation of injured drivers and passengers.

Traffic engineering covers a broad range of engineering applications with a common focus: the nation's system of hihgways and streets. Often defined as the nation's lifeblood circulation system, this important part of the national infrastructure supports the vast majority of inter and intracity movement of both people and goods. Thus, the system plays a role in every important aspect of our society-including the economy, the environment, assurance of public safety and security, basic mobility for all societal functions and basic access to the most remote regions of the country.

As a consequence of the large number of casualties in traffic accidents a high costs appear. These costs are estimated in the Republic of Croatia at approximately 2 % of GDP. The most of the traffic accidents occur on roads where, in Croatia, more than 600 people die annually. Simultaneosly, in the European Union the figure is 35000 people.According to statistical data young drivers aged between twenty and thirty years are most often victims of traffic accidents. In order to prevent the suffering caused by the traffic accidents it is necessary to pre-locate and identity potential jeopardy. In the European Union the annual cost incurred as a result of injuries in traffic accidents amounts to 160 billion Euros. The European Commission, therefore, points to the need to reduce external costs caused by traffic and suggests that the freight transport should focus on forms other than roads. Diverting traffic from the roads to inland shipping would reduce the percentage of traffic accidents and casualties. Inland shipping is transport sectors with the greatest development potential because of the safety features and the least negative impact on the environment. The comparative advantage of inland shipping is the fact that it occurs on the existing natural waterways that do not require construction, but only maintenance. To achieve safe inland shipping in Croatia, it is necessray to create conditions such as: construction and modernization of existing waterways, signification of dangerous spots, inland shipping fleet modernization, navigation signals planning, use of inland shipping IT network and international data exchange in oreder to establish full control over navigation. The development and usage of new technological solutions and intelligent transportation systems in the inland shipping would enable conditions for smooth and safe shipping in all weateher conditions without the limitations and bottlenecks with minimal risk of casualties in traffic accidents. Due to these features, inland shipping has become an essential aspect of the safest mode of transportation, linking the different transport sectors in the intermodal transportatio systems.

Geographic location of the Republic of Croatia is suitable for the development of rail and inland transport, within intermodal transport chain, with aim to be a part of unique European transport network. Croatia transport strategy should be based on attracting traffic flows from the Middle East and the Mediterranean through the port of Rijeka and Croatian territory. Reconfiguration of traffic flow, based on scientific grounds, should aim to emphasize the railway and inland traffic and the construction of logistic and distribution centers at major intersections traffic flow.

Accident statistics indicate that every year a significant number of casualties and extensive property losses are recorded due to traffic accidents. Consequently, efforts are directed towards developing passive and active safety systems that help reduce the severity of crashes, or prevent vehicles from colliding with one another. To develop these systems, technologies such as sensor systems, computer vision and vehicular communication have been proposed. Safety vehicular communication is defined as the exchange of data between vehicles with the goal of providing in-vehicle safety systems with enough information to permit detection of traffic dangers. Intervehicle communication is a key safety technology, especially as a complement to other technologies such as radar, as the information it provides cannot be gathered in any other way. However, due to the specifics of the traffic environment, the design of efficient safety communication systems poses a series of major technical challenges. We began by providing a method for designing the support system for active safety systems. For performing traffic investigations, we have developed ECAM, a temporal reasoning system for modelling and analyzing accident scenarious.

THIS article recommends the solution for video streaming into two parts: distribution via IP network and distribution via MPLS VPN network. Based on the theory and basic premises of network routing it is possible to establish good quality streaming and videoconferencing.IT is necessary for the quality to be tested in the network congestion conditions, so as to determine how increased traffic influences the quality of service. Advancement of network technologies and continuous increase in access speed to the end user enables good quality video streaming and provision of new services which include various multimedia contents.

The paper deals with the problem of transmission of multimedia content in public network for data transmission based on IP protocol. It covers the properties of the IP protocol, the way to build up a network based on this protocol and properties of transmission appearing in the IP networks. Through the use of the TCP protocol it is necessary to ensure the proper data transmission between two end points (IP does not guarantee correct transmission), ensured are the integrity of the data received, correct sequence, control of transmission and prevention of congestion. The TCP will always send and receive data with maximal speed. The TCP will adjust the speed of sending off and receiving to properties of the weakest connection between source and target point in the IP network. Traffic with such dynamic property of adjustment of the state in the network, is called flexible traffic.

In this paper, we propose an inter-vehicle ad-hoc communication protocol in order for each vehicle to acquire its local traffic information. car drivers always want to access not only trunk road information but also back street road information. To solve this problems, we are doing research on disseminating and propagating road information using mobile inter-vehicle ad-hoc communication protocol. In this research, we have developed a mobile ad-hoc network simulator that produces inter-vehicle data propagation situation from the location information of all the cars and various kinds of statistics information such as packet collision ratios and reception message amount. This simulator uses traffic flow simulator NETSTREAM II that is developed by an automaker and produces actual traffic flow.

Cijeli svijet traži odgovore na nove oblike terorizma informacijsko-komunikacijskom tehnologijom u zračnom prometu. Postupci nadziranja i kontrole se mogu promatrati kao dvije podcjeline. Obje podcjeline imaju zadaću obaviti zadatak na latentan način, jer će takvim načinom sigurnosti zgrada zadržati otvorenu vizuru. Vrlo je značajan za sigurnost zračne luke sustav nadzora i profiliranja putnika. Pored audio i video sustava primjenjen je i biometrijski nadzor putnika.Biometrijski nadzor provodi učitavanje u dokumente, bilježi biometrijske podatke osoba od identifikacije otisaka prstiju do bio-scana šarenice oka te mjerenja telemetrije kardiovaskularnog sustava. Biometrijsko prepoznavanje lica omogućava simultanu pretragu desetina lica, provjerivši identitet osobe u trenutku. Sustav identifikacije CAPPSII razlikuje četiri kategorije putnika, gdje se stvara slika o putniku te svaki ima svoju karticu sa slikom. Kao alternativnu metodu biometrijskim načinima identifikacije predstavlja VPII ručni vaskularni sustav prepoznavanja.

U posljednjih nekoliko godina došlo je do rapidnog povećanja multimedijskog prometa u računalnim komunikacijskim mrežama. Nove primjene komunikacijskih mreža postavile su nove, velike zahtjeve na mreže, zbog potrebe da se korisnicima osigura kvalitetna usluga prijenosa multimedijskih sadržaja. Kao odgovor na takve zahtjeve razvijeni su brojni mehanizmi koji osiguravaju uslugu dodjele prioriteta prometu u komunikacijskim mrežama, kojom se postiže mogućnost određivanja kvalitete usluge koja je neophodna za pojedine mrežne aplikacije.

Videokonferencija je najpoznatiji oblik telekonferencije. Omogućava istodobni prijenos slike i zvuka računalnom mrežom za komuniciranje više osoba koje su prostorno udaljene u realnom vremenu. Računala su povezana u mrežu i dodatno opremljena kamerom, mikrofonom, zvučnom i video karticom, te odgovarajućim programima. Video signali se digitaliziraju i komprimiraju prije prenošenja mrežom. Učenici i nastavnici mogu diskutirati i razmjenjivati dokumente i ostale materijale na računalu.

Destinacije ne ciljaju samo na lokalna tržišta, nego računaju i s potražnjom zemljopisno udaljenijih tržišta, raste potreba za globalnim širenjem informacija. Svoj posrednički posao destinacijska marketinška organizacija će morati obavljati tako da informacijama pozitivno utječe na privlačnost destinacije i na njeno turističko poznavanje, a njen krajnji cilj bit će rezervacija i kupnja turističke usluge. Koncept destinacija kao mreža poduzeća inkorporiran je u osnovi sustava IDMS. TIS je jedan od najboljih informacijskih sustava koji svoje usluge nudi diljem svijeta, preko WWW-a i Interneta.

Osnovna logistička prednost riječkog prometnog puta i luke kao početno-završne točke tog pravca, zemljopisni je položaj na križištu prometnog puta Jadran-Srednja Europa, na području gdje se Jadransko more najdublje uvuklo u europsko kopno. Uz povoljan zemljopisni položaj, prednost je riječke luke i njeno prirodno obilježje - dovoljna dubina. Riječka luka ubraja se u kategoriju "starih" luka s bogatom tradicijom i iskustvom u dosadašnjem poslovanju.

Komunikacije su postale nezamjenjivim dijelom svakodnevnih aktivnosti. Komuniciranje u pokretu dobiva na značenju pokretljivošću terminala i osoba. Povezuje se telekomunikacijska, računarska i medijska industrija, dok se lanac vrijednosti pomiče od komponenata prema cjelokupnim rješenjima. Mogućnosti koje pruža informacijska tehnologija su neograničene, dok njena uporaba omogućava postizanje boljih uvjeta rada, jer udaljuju čovjeka od opasnih radnih mjesta i olakšavaju teške poslove. Aplikacije iz područja informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije omogućavaju vožnju s jednog na drugi kraj kontinenta bez potrebe za velikim auto-kartama. Računalo u vozilu može izabrati najbolji smjer i prilagoditi ga uvjetima puta.

Computer resources represent a significant factor in the development of a society. Their distribution to users' locations and direct connections through telecommunication systems substantially increase their significance and role. Modern telecommunication systems are integral systems for voice and data transmission. This paper studies data transfer from the technical, technological and organisational aspect. Due to the wide scope of the topic, only some relevant data are mentioned that determine the characteristics of certain data transfer systems.

Pozivni su centri ušli u upotrebu kao rezultat potreba kupaca, povezanih s naprednim tehnologijama - tvrtke su prepoznale priliku za zaradu generiranu potrebama kupaca, a zbog toga i rastućim zadovoljstvom kupaca. Bez obzira na specifične primjene i aktivnosti pozivnih centara, zadovoljstvo kupaca uzajamnim djelovanjem s pozivnim centrom presudno je za povećanje dohotka ili osiguravanje postojećeg. Fizički, pozivni centar je mjesto na kojem se nalazi kompjuter, telefon i nadzorna stanica. Pozivni centar omogućava pristup kupcu 24 sata na dan - na raspolaganju je kad kupac želi kupiti proizvod, treba informaciju ili jednostavno želi podnijeti reklamaciju.

U radu su opisane glavne značajke helikoptera te bitne razlike između helikoptera i zrakoplova. Opisana su osnovna tehnička obilježja i način određivanja centraže helikoptera HT-40 koji je u sastavu Hrvatskoga ratnog zrakoplovstva (HRZ). Dani su podaci o letnim sposobnostima, opisano je upravljanje helikopterom, te način polijetanja. Helikopter HT-40 može biti izveden u transportnoj ili putničkoj varijanti. Objašnjen je postupak određivanja centraže pomoću dijagrama za putničku varijantu. Analogno se određuje centraža za transportni helikopter iz dijagrama centraže za transportnu varijantu. Centraža je definirana najvećom dopuštenom udaljenošću centra mase od osi glavnog rotora koja za helikopter HT-40 iznosi između -95 mm i +370 mm. Također je dan način razmještanja tereta i putnika u helikopteru te drugi važni postupci za održavanje centraže u dopuštenim granicama pri polijetanju i tijkom leta.