39 results on '"Macroglossinae"'
Search Results
2. Rediscovery of Clarina syriaca (Lederer, 1855) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae) in Cyprus after 70 years; with notes on its biology and early life history from the Levant
- Author
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Marios Aristophanous, Anthony R. Pittaway, and Aristos Aristophanous
- Subjects
Insecta ,Arthropoda ,Sarcopterygii ,Sphingidae ,larvae ,riparian vegetation ,Amniota ,Clarina ,refugia ,Gnathostomata ,Chiroptera ,Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris ,geographical distribution ,Animalia ,Yinpterochiroptera ,Bombycoidea ,Chordata ,Macroglossinae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Vertebrata ,Tetrapoda ,hawkmoth ,Eutheria ,Macroglossusinae ,Clarina syriaca ,Macroglossini ,Pteropodidae ,Biota ,Lepidoptera ,Osteichthyes ,Theria ,Insect Science ,Mammalia ,Animal Science and Zoology ,ecology ,Clarina kotschyi - Abstract
Clarina syriaca (Lederer, 1855) was known from Cyprus by a single adult specimen collected in 1950. Recently, an adult and larva have been found, proving the existence of a breeding population. Clarina syriaca is thus confirmed as resident in Cyprus, as a relict population inhabiting riparian gallery forests, which act as isolated refugia surrounded by drier pine woodland or cultivated land. Information is provided on the early life history stages of C. syriaca, with further notes on its taxonomic status, biology, ecology, and host plants.
- Published
- 2022
3. Ancient incomplete lineage sorting of Hyles and Rhodafra (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).
- Author
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Hundsdoerfer, Anna K. and Kitching, Ian J.
- Subjects
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SPHINGIDAE , *RIBOSOMAL DNA , *MOTHS , *FOSSIL DNA , *LEPIDOPTERA , *DNA - Abstract
The hawkmoth genus Rhodafra comprises two African species with unclear relationships, as their wing patterns are markedly different, with one species closely resembling species of a related genus, Hyles. The present paper aims to investigate the monophyly and phylogenetic position of Rhodafra in relation to Hyles and other genera of the subtribe Choerocampina (Sphingidae: Macroglossinae: Macroglossini) using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data from more species and individuals than have hitherto been studied. As no fresh tissue of Rhodafra was available, ancient-DNA methodology was applied. All data corroborate the genus as monophyletic and that a similar wing pattern is not a good indicator of close phylogenetic relationship in this group of moths. Phylogenetic trees based on mitochondrial data agree in placing Rhodafra within Hyles. In contrast, analysis of nuclear EF1alpha sequences produces a topology in which Rhodafra is placed as the sister clade to Hyles. Although multispecies coalescent analyses suggest a polytomy between Rhodafra, Hyles lineata and the remaining Hyles, total evidence analyses corroborate Rhodafra as sister to Hyles. This relationship is interpreted as the favoured topology. For a more robust result, the question should be re-examined using genomic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Three new species of Cautethia Grote (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from the Lucayan Archipelago and keys to West Indies species
- Author
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Miller, Jacqueline Y., Matthews, Deborah L., Gott, Riley J., Miller, Jacqueline Y., Matthews, Deborah L., and Gott, Riley J.
- Abstract
Five species of Cautethia Grote (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) occur in the Lucayan (Bahamas) Archipelago, three of which are new to science. Cautethia simoni Miller, Matthews, and Gott, new species, is described and illustrated from Mayaguana Island, Bahamas, and Providenciales and Grand Turk of the Turks and Caicos Islands. Cautethia gossi Miller, Matthews, and Gott, new species, is described and illustrated from Great Inagua, Bahamas. Cautethia geraceorum Miller, Matthews, and Gott, new species, is described from San Salvador Island. Diagnoses are provided and new island records are reported for the two previously described Bahamas species, Cautethia grotei Edwards and Cautethia exuma McCabe. A taxonomic key based primarily on genitalia is provided for males and known females of the ten described species occurring in the West Indies. COI barcodes were obtained from representative Bahamas specimens and analyzed along with existing barcodes.
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- 2022
5. PRESENCE OF Xylophanes tersa(SPHINGIDAE: MACROGLOSSINAE) IN THE PROVINCE OF LIMA
- Author
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Rubén A. Guzmán Pittman
- Subjects
Marketing ,biology ,Xylophanes tersa ,Strategy and Management ,Sphingidae ,Media Technology ,Zoology ,General Materials Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae - Published
- 2021
6. First record of Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758) from Kazakhstan, with notes on the bionomics of the species (Lepidoptera, Macroheterocera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini)
- Author
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Oleg V. Belyalov, Sergey V. Titov, Ruslan D. Rakhimov, and Anton V. Volynkin
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Macroglossini ,biology ,Sphingidae ,Zoology ,Plant Science ,Theretra alecto ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Geography ,Bionomics ,Insect Science ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The first record of Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758) with data on the species’ distribution and bionomics in Kazakhstan are presented.
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- 2020
7. Dos nuevos registros de Sphingidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) de Salta, con nuevos aportes de distribución de nueve especies en la Argentina.
- Author
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RODRÍGUEZ-RAMÍREZ, Joanna and NÚÑEZ BUSTOS, Ezequiel
- Subjects
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SPHINGIDAE , *LEPIDOPTERA , *INSECT populations , *SPECIES distribution , *DISPERSAL (Ecology) - Abstract
Two species of Sphingidae are recorded from Argentina for the first time: Nyceryx hyposticta (R. Felder, [1874]) and Perigonia stulta Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]. Both species were collected in the north of Salta province. New distributional records from Argentina for other nine species are provided, and a previous identification error is clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Ancient incomplete lineage sorting of Hyles and Rhodafra (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
- Author
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Anna K. Hundsdoerfer and Ian J. Kitching
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Polytomy ,Phylogenetic tree ,biology ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macroglossinae ,Coalescent theory ,03 medical and health sciences ,Monophyly ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Genus ,Clade ,Hyles lineata ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The hawkmoth genusRhodafracomprises two African species with unclear relationships, as their wing patterns are markedly different, with one species closely resembling species of a related genus,Hyles. The present paper aims to investigate the monophyly and phylogenetic position ofRhodafrain relation toHylesand other genera of the subtribe Choerocampina (Sphingidae: Macroglossinae: Macroglossini) using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data from more species and individuals than have hitherto been studied. As no fresh tissue ofRhodafrawas available, ancient-DNA methodology was applied. All data corroborate the genus as monophyletic and that a similar wing pattern is not a good indicator of close phylogenetic relationship in this group of moths. Phylogenetic trees based on mitochondrial data agree in placingRhodafrawithinHyles. In contrast, analysis of nuclear EF1alpha sequences produces a topology in whichRhodafrais placed as the sister clade toHyles. Although multispecies coalescent analyses suggest a polytomy betweenRhodafra,Hyles lineataand the remainingHyles, total evidence analyses corroborateRhodafraas sister toHyles. This relationship is interpreted as the favoured topology. For a more robust result, the question should be re-examined using genomic approaches.
- Published
- 2020
9. A new species of scops-owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Strigidae, Otus) from Príncipe Island (Gulf of Guinea, Africa) and novel insights into the systematic affinities within Otus
- Author
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Martim Melo, Bárbara Freitas, Philippe Verbelen, Sátiro R. da Costa, Hugo Pereira, Jérôme Fuchs, George Sangster, Marco N. Correia, Ricardo F. de Lima, Angelica Crottini, Forever Príncipe Conservation Alliance, National Geographic Society, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, European Commission, and Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa
- Subjects
Insecta ,Gulf of Guinea ,Arthropoda ,Sarcopterygii ,Kitóli-do-príncipe ,Golfo da Guiné ,endemismo ,Sphingidae ,Amniota ,sistemática ,Principe Scops-Owl ,exploration ,taxonomy ,Gnathostomata ,Animalia ,integrative ,Otus ,Bombycoidea ,Chordata ,systematics ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Macroglossinae ,integrative taxonomy ,Mocho-do-príncipe ,Vertebrata ,Tetrapoda ,exploração ,Biodiversidade ,Macroglossini ,Biodiversity ,Strigiformes ,Biota ,Lepidoptera ,Principe Scops-Owl ,Osteichthyes ,Striginae ,endemism ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Otus bikegila sp. nov ,taxonomia integrada ,Aves ,Darapsa ,Strigidae - Abstract
[EN] A new species of scops-owl (Aves, Strigiformes, Strigidae, Otus) is described from Príncipe Island, São Tomé and Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea, Africa). This species was discovered for science in 2016, although suspicions of its occurrence gained traction from 1998, and testimonies from local people suggesting its existence could be traced back to 1928. Morphometrics, plumage colour and pattern, vocalisations, and molecular evidence all support the species status of the scops-owl from Príncipe, which is described here as Otus bikegila sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that this species descended from the first colonisation of the Gulf of Guinea islands, being sister to the clade including the mainland African Scops-Owl O. senegalensis, and the island endemics Sao Tome Scops-Owl O. hartlaubi and Pemba Scops-Owl O. pembaensis. The most diagnostic trait in the field is its unique call which, curiously, is most similar to a distantly related Otus species, the Sokoke Scops-Owl O. ireneae. The new species occurs at low elevations of the old-growth native forest of Príncipe, currently restricted to the south of the island but fully included within Príncipe Obô Natural Park. Otus bikegila sp. nov. takes the number of single-island endemic bird species of Príncipe to eight, further highlighting the unusually high level of bird endemism for an island of only 139 km2. ., [POR] Descrevemos uma nova espécie de mocho-de-orelhas ou kitóli (Strigiformes: Strigidae: Otus) da Ilha do Príncipe, São Tomé e Príncipe (Golfo da Guiné, África). Esta espécie foi descoberta para a ciência apenas em 2016, embora suspeitas da sua existência tenham ganho força a partir de 1998, e testemunhos de habitantes locais sobre a sua ocorrência já estarem documentados em 1928. A morfometria, a cor e padrão da plumagem, as vocalizações e dados moleculares demonstram que esta população de mocho no Príncipe é uma espécie nova, que foi batizada de mocho-do-príncipe (lista mundial) ou kitóli-do-príncipe (nome nacional), Otus bikegila sp. nov. As análises filogenéticas indicam que esta espécie descende da primeira colonização das ilhas do Golfo da Guiné, sendo irmã do clado que inclui o mocho-d’orelhas-africano O. senegalensis, do continente, o mocho-de-são-tomé (ou kitóli-de-são-tomé) O. hartlaubi e o mocho-de-pemba O. pembaensis, ambos endémicos das ilhas que lhes dão o nome. No campo, a característica mais diagnóstica é o seu canto único que, curiosamente, é mais parecido com o da espécie de Otus mais afastada, o mocho-de-sokoke O. ireneae. A nova espécie ocorre nas zonas baixas da floresta nativa do Príncipe, atualmente restrita ao sul da ilha, mas totalmente inserida no Parque Natural do Obô do Príncipe. Otus bikegila sp. nov. eleva o número de espécies de aves endémicas restritas ao Príncipe para oito, sublinhando ainda mais o nível extremamente elevado de aves endémicas para uma ilha de apenas 139 km2 ., This project was supported by Forever Príncipe Conservation Alliance (from Africa’s Eden to MM and BF) with additional funding from National Geographic Society (Early career grant - EC-364C-18 to BF), and was developed in collaboration with the Príncipe Obô Natural Park and Fundação Príncipe, which provided key logistic support for fieldwork. This work benefited from the use of the Portuguese Infrastructure of Scientific Collections (PRISC.pt). The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported the post-doc grant FCT/MCTES - SFRH/BPD/100614/2014 to MM, the PhD grant (2020.04569.BD) to BF, the Investigador FCT (IF/00209/2014) and 2020.00823.CEECIND/CP1601/CT0003 research contracts to AC, and provided structural funding to CIBIO (UIDB/50027/2021) and cE3c (UID/00329/2021). GS was supported by a postdoctoral grant from the Swedish Research Council (grant 2015-06455). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement nº 854248.
- Published
- 2022
10. Identification and behavioral assays of sex pheromone components in Smerinthus tokyonis (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
- Author
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Hideshi Naka, Atsuya Kosaki, Hiroshi Honda, Takuya Uehara, Shigeru Matsuyama, and Tetsu Ando
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Lepidoptera genitalia ,biology ,Insect Science ,Sphingidae ,Sex pheromone ,Zoology ,Pheromone ,Smerinthinae ,biology.organism_classification ,Smerinthus tokyonis ,Macroglossinae ,Electroantennography - Abstract
Hawk moths are classified into the subfamilies Sphinginae, Macroglossinae and Smerinthinae. The sex pheromones of hawk moths have been intensively investigated recently. However, these reports were mainly on Sphinginae and Macroglossinae and there are only a few reports on Smerinthinae. Here, we identified sex pheromone components from the Smerinthinae, Smerinthus tokyonis Matsumura (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Observation of female calling behavior showed that the behavior started immediately after the photo-phase started. Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with electroantennography detection analysis indicated that male antenna responded to three components in the pheromone gland extract. GC–MS and GC analyses demonstrated that the three components were (10Z,12E)–, (10E,12Z)–, and (10Z,12Z)–hexadecadienyl acetates in a 6:7:87 ratio. We subsequently performed behavioral assays in cages. We observed the orientation and contact behavior of males in response to different odor sources, including a solvent control, calling female, pheromone gland extract, and synthetic blend. Males did not respond to the solvent control, but did respond to the other sources. Since males responded more to the calling female than to the synthetic blend, additional cues seem to be required for complete mating behavior. Nevertheless, the pheromone components determined in this first study of a Smerinthinae species are important chemicals in mating communication.
- Published
- 2021
11. Review of the genus Eurypteryx C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 from China, with a first description of the male E. dianae (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
- Author
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Zhuo-Heng Jiang and Cheng-Bin Wang
- Subjects
Male ,China ,biology ,LIBO rate ,Sphingidae ,Zoology ,Moths ,Evergreen ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Chiroptera ,Eurypteryx ,Single specimen ,Animals ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Animal Distribution ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The two species of the genus Eurypteryx C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874 known from China, E. bhaga and E. dianae (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini) were examined and compared with E. geoffreyi from Thailand. The male E. dianae is described for the first time based on a single specimen from an evergreen broad-leaf forest in Maolan Nature Reserve, Libo, Guizhou, China. The diagnostic features and a distribution map of the species of Eurypteryx in China are provided. A list of all Eurypteryx species presently known worldwide is also given.
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- 2020
12. Challenging the Wallacean shortfall: A total assessment of insect diversity on Guadeloupe (French West Indies), a checklist and bibliography
- Author
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Meurgey, François and Ramage, Thibault
- Subjects
Malvales ,Pieridae ,Figitidae ,Ectobiidae ,Sarcophagidae ,Mantodea ,Phasmida ,Anthicidae ,Scarabaeidae ,Rhagionidae ,Ephydridae ,Thespidae ,Blattidae ,Ripiphoridae ,Salpingidae ,Halictophagidae ,Haliplidae ,Agromyzidae ,Buprestidae ,Saxifragales ,Noteridae ,Bostrichidae ,Xiphocentronidae ,Crambidae ,Mantispidae ,Dytiscidae ,Oestridae ,Milichiidae ,Oedemeridae ,Geometridae ,Noctuidae ,Glossosomatidae ,Baetidae ,Cicadellidae ,Leptophlebiidae ,Diapheromeridae ,Ptiliidae ,Psephenidae ,Staphylinidae ,Hemiptera ,Enicocephalidae ,Zopheridae ,Lampyridae ,Nitidulidae ,Meloidae ,Syrphidae ,Trogidae ,Aphodiidae ,Ptinidae ,Trichoptera ,Metazoa ,Pulicidae ,Pompilidae ,Nymphalidae ,Cleridae ,Brentidae ,Gryllotalpidae ,Scolytinae ,Cicadidae ,Cerococcidae ,Dynastidae ,Corylophidae ,Lycaenidae ,Miridae ,Dolichopodidae ,Elmidae ,Insecta ,Spongiphoridae ,Mycetophagidae ,Hieroxestinae ,Ceratopogonidae ,Smicripidae ,Dryophthoridae ,Braconidae ,Sphecidae ,Aphididae ,Monotomidae ,Phaneropterinae ,Tetrigidae ,Keroplatidae ,Caenidae ,Libellulidae ,Stratiomyidae ,Termitidae ,Flatidae ,Aradidae ,Rhinotermitidae ,Nepidae ,Lycidae ,Muscidae ,Tephritidae ,Tenebrionidae ,Lachesillidae ,Papilionidae ,Biodiversity ,Phlaeothripidae ,Protoneuridae ,Ichneumonidae ,Nicoletiidae ,Vespidae ,Eurytomidae ,Elateridae ,Coccinellidae ,Histeridae ,Gerridae ,Dryopidae ,Rhopalidae ,Pachytroctidae ,Arthropoda ,Heteroceridae ,Micropezidae ,Heterothripidae ,Thanerocleridae ,Sphingidae ,Mydidae ,Magnoliopsida ,Laemophloeidae ,Pentatomidae ,Chloropidae ,Paederidae ,Animalia ,Psychidae ,Myrmeleontidae ,Anthribidae ,Gryllacrididae ,Blattodea ,Diptera ,Aleyrodidae ,Thripidae ,Tropiduchidae ,Tracheophyta ,Eucnemidae ,Coccidae ,Corydiidae ,Rutelidae ,Orthoptera ,Encyrtidae ,Strepsiptera ,Coreidae ,Mutillidae ,Phoridae ,Psychodidae ,Polycentropodidae ,Cerylonidae ,Nolidae ,Aeshnidae ,Dermaptera ,Zygentoma ,Mordellidae ,Spongiphorinae ,ddc:590 ,Mymaridae ,Chalcididae ,Pterophoridae ,Drosophilidae ,Tessaratomidae ,Chordata ,Plantae ,Epilamprinae ,Dryinidae ,Ortheziidae ,Notonectidae ,Neuroptera ,Tipulidae ,Psocidae ,Silvanidae ,Attelabidae ,Monophlebidae ,Pseudococcidae ,Rhyparochromidae ,Apidae ,Anisolabididae ,Malachiidae ,Melyridae ,Calliphoridae ,Anthocoridae ,Scutelleridae ,Trogossitidae ,Tachinidae ,Chelonariidae ,Phalacridae ,Notodontidae ,Formicidae ,Scoliidae ,Ephemeroptera ,Macroglossinae ,Delphacidae ,Hesperiidae ,Ptilodactylidae ,Sphaeroceridae ,Chrysomelidae ,Brachyceridae ,Euteliidae ,Ciidae ,Acrididae ,Labiduridae ,Hyblaeidae ,Kalotermitidae ,Coenagrionidae ,Cetoniidae ,Leiodidae ,Odonata ,Prisopodidae ,Uraniidae ,Hybosoridae ,Endomychidae ,Blaberidae ,Curculionidae ,Mycteridae ,Scirtidae ,Eriococcidae ,Tettigoniidae ,Phasmatidae ,Cerambycidae ,Lauxaniidae ,Simuliidae ,Forficulidae ,Hydroptilidae ,Lepismatidae ,Aderidae ,Margarodidae ,Trichogrammatidae ,Coleoptera ,Lepidoptera ,Cantharidae ,Cixiidae ,Siphonaptera ,Eulophidae ,Carabidae ,Bombyliidae ,Tiphiidae ,Membracidae ,Gelastocoridae ,Megachilidae ,Aphelinidae ,Calamoceratidae ,Leptoceridae ,Corethrellidae ,Limnichidae ,Lygaeidae ,Gryllidae ,Phalangopsidae ,Nabidae ,Fanniidae ,Gyrinidae ,Hydraenidae ,Pyralidae ,Reduviidae ,Plutellidae ,Erotylidae ,Taxonomy ,Hydrophilidae ,Pyrrhocoridae ,Crabronidae ,Thysanoptera ,Asilidae ,Diaspididae ,Erebidae ,Hymenoptera ,Dermestidae ,Belostomatidae ,Psyllidae ,Culicidae ,Lestidae ,Throscidae ,Asterolecaniidae ,Veliidae ,Psocodea ,Acanaloniidae ,Peripsocidae ,Colydiinae - Abstract
Meurgey, François, Ramage, Thibault (2020): Challenging the Wallacean shortfall: A total assessment of insect diversity on Guadeloupe (French West Indies), a checklist and bibliography. Insecta Mundi 2020 (786): 1-183, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5353608, {"references": ["Adamson, A. M. 1938. Notes on termites destructive to buildings in the Lesser Antilles. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 15: 220-224.", "Aiguillon B., and B. Borthury. 2017. Les termites des iles de la Guadeloupe. Rapport d'etude. Parc National de la Guadeloupe; Saint-Claude, Guadeloupe. 162 p.", "Allemand, R., C. Lemaitre, F. Frey, M. Bouletreau, F. Vavre, G. Nordlander, J. van Alphen, and Y. Carton. 2002. Phylogeny of six African Leptoptilina species (Hymenoptera; Cynipoidea, Figitidae) parasitoids of Drosophila, with description of three new species. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 38: 319-332.", "Ashmead, W. H. 1900. 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13. A new species of the genus Dahira Moore (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) frombr /Sichuan, China
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Cheng-Bin Wang and Zhuo-Heng Jiang
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Nature reserve ,Male ,China ,Ecology ,Sphingidae ,Biology ,Evergreen ,Moths ,biology.organism_classification ,Dahira ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Animals ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Animal Distribution ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
A new species of hawkmoth, Dahira sichuanica sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae, Macroglossini), is described based on a single male from an evergreen broad-leaf forest in Dafengding Nature Reserve, Leshan, Sichuan, China. The habitus and diagnostic features of the new species are described and illustrated. A list of all Dahira species presently known from China and the distribution map of the new species are also given.
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14. First record of the hawkmoth Theretra lycetus (Cramer, 1775) (Sphingidae: Macroglossinae) from Bhutan
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Sangay Nidup and Jatishwor Singh Irungbam
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0106 biological sciences ,theretra lycetus ,lcsh:QH1-199.5 ,biology ,Sphingidae ,010607 zoology ,shingidae ,Zoology ,Theretra lycetus ,lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macroglossinae ,Geography ,lcsh:QH540-549.5 ,bhutan ,new record ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
The present paper reports the sighting of the hawkmoth Theretra lycetus (Cramer, 1775) from Wangdue Phodrang district of Bhutan. Addition to the present species, we have 97 species of Sphingidae in Bhutan.
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15. Complete mitogenome of Parum colligata (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) and its phylogenetic position within the Sphingidae
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Kunjie Hu, Jun Li, Jianhua Ding, Yaoyao Zhang, Zhuoran Huang, Xuexia Geng, Yaqi Zhao, Ruirui Lin, Haijun Zhang, Shuying Peng, Xu Zhang, and Li Yan
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0106 biological sciences ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Sphingidae ,010607 zoology ,Moths ,Smerinthinae ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macroglossinae ,RNA, Transfer ,Phylogenetics ,Animals ,Phylogeny ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Genetics ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Bayes Theorem ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Parum ,biology.organism_classification ,Lepidoptera ,RNA, Ribosomal ,Genome, Mitochondrial ,Transfer RNA ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
In this study, the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Parum colligata (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae: Smerinthinae) was sequenced firstly. The mitogenome is 15,288 bp in size, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and an A+T-rich region. In the mitogenome, Ile, Leu2, and Phe are the most frequently used codon families, while codons GCG, TGC, GGC, CTG, AGG, and ACG are absent. The A+T-rich region is 358 bp in length including a motif ‘ATAGA’, an 18 bp poly-T stretch, three copies of a 12 bp ‘TATATATATATA’, and a short poly-A element. The nucleotides sequence of A+T-rich region is closer to Sphinginae than Macroglossinae. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the PCGs by using Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods, generated consistent results that Smerinthinae was clustered together with Sphinginae to be the sister groups rather than Macroglossinae.
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- 2019
16. Hostplant and Late Larval Stages of Isognathus menechus (Sphingidae: Macroglossinae) in Suriname
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Joke Van Den Heuvel, Tinde van Andel, Frans Barten, and Hajo B.P.E. Gernaat
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Larva ,Ecology ,biology ,Apocynaceae ,Isognathus menechus ,Sphingidae ,Himatanthus ,Zoology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae - Published
- 2020
17. A preliminary catalogue of the moths (Lepidoptera except Papilionoidea) of Tobago, West Indies
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Cock, Matthew J. W.
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Insecta ,Cossidae ,Arthropoda ,Nolidae ,Momphidae ,Sphingidae ,Uraniidae ,Magnoliopsida ,Lasiocampidae ,Carposinidae ,Immidae ,Tortricidae ,Notodontidae ,Animalia ,Psychidae ,Pyralidae ,Oecophoridae ,Plutellidae ,Plantae ,Sematuridae ,Macroglossinae ,Taxonomy ,Amaranthaceae ,Tineidae ,Saturniidae ,Elachistidae ,Castniidae ,Limacodidae ,Crambidae ,Euteliidae ,Biodiversity ,Erebidae ,Bombycidae ,Caryophyllales ,Gelechiidae ,Lepidoptera ,Attevidae ,Tracheophyta ,Geometridae ,Noctuidae ,Hepialidae ,Megalopygidae ,Mimallonidae ,Sphinginae - Abstract
Cock, Matthew J. W. (2017): A preliminary catalogue of the moths (Lepidoptera except Papilionoidea) of Tobago, West Indies. Insecta Mundi 2017 (585): 1-58, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5169300, {"references":["Adams, M. S. 2001. A revision of the moth genus Leucania Ochsenheimer in the Antilles (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Annals of Carnegie Museum 70: 179-220.","Adamski, D., and J. W. Brown. 2001. Systematic revision of the Ecdytolopha group of genera (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini) in the New World. Entomologica Scandinavica Supplement 58: 1-86.","Alam, M. M. 1989. Distribution, host plants and natural enemies of cabbage bud-worm (Hellula phidilealis (Walker) in the Caribbean. Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society 25: 419-425.","Arias, C. Q., and J. Clavijo. 2001. Clave pictorico de las especies de Diaphania Hubner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Crambinae) de Venezuela. Entomotropica 16: 1-13.","Barbut, J., J. M. Iurretigh, and B. Lalanne-Cassou. 2012. 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Pseudosphinx tetrio (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in Trinidad and Tobago. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club 2008: 49-52.","Cock, M. J. W. 2016. The corkscrew moths (Lepidoptera, Geometroidea, Sematuridae) of Trinidad and Tobago. Tropical Lepidoptera Research 26(2): 101-105.","Cock, M. J. W. 2017. The butterflies (Papilionoidea) of Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies: An updated and annotated checklist. Insecta Mundi 0539: 1-38.","Cock, M. J. W., and S. Alston-Smith. 2017. Six new records of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) from Trinidad, West Indies. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club 2017: 7-13.","Cock, M. J. W., and J. D. Holloway. 1982. The history of, and prospects for, the biological control of Chromolaena odorata (Compositae) by Pareuchaetes pseudoinsulata Rego Barros and allies (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 72: 193-205.","Conant, P. 2000. Classical biologial control of Clidemia hirta (Melastomataceae) in Hawai'i using multiple strategies. p. 13-20. In C. W. Smith, J. Denslow and S. Hight. (eds) Proceedings of workshop on biologial control of native ecosystems in Hawai'i. Tehnical Report 129. Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu, Hawai'i. 122 p.","Conant, P. 2009. Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don (Melastomataceae). p. 163-174. In: R. Muniappan, G. V. P. Reddy, and A. Raman (eds.). Biological Control of Tropical Weeds using Arthropods. Cambridge University Press; Cambridge, UK. 508 p.","Conant, P., J. N. Garcia, M. T. Johnson, W. T. Nagamine, C. K. Hirayama, G. P. Markin, and R. L. Hill. 2013. Releases of natural enemies in Hawaii since 1980 for classical biological control of weeds. p. 230-242. In: Y. Wu, T. Johnson, S. Sing, S. Raghu, G. Wheeler, P. Pratt, K. Warner, T. Center, J. Goolsby, and R. Reardon (eds.). Proceedings of the XIII International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, Waikoloa, Hawaii, USA, 11-16 September, 2011. FHTET-2012-07. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; Morgantown, WV, USA. 536 p.","CPPC (Caribbean Plant Protection Commission). 1972. Plant Pests of Importance to the Caribbean. Food and Agriculturc Organization of the United Nations, Office for the Caribbean Region, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. 49 + 29 p.","D'Abrera, B. 1986. Sphingidae Mundi. Hawk moths of the World. E.W. Classey Ltd; Faringdon, UK. 226 p.","Davis, D. R. 1975. A review of the West Indian moths of the family Psychidae with descriptions of new taxa and immature stages. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 188: 66 p.","Davis, D. R. 1984. 15. Tineidae. p. 19-24. In: J.B. Heppner (ed.). Checklist: Part 2 Micropterigoidea - Immoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Dr. W. Junk Publishers; The Hague, Netherlands. 113 p.","Davis, D. R. 2003. A monograph of the family Arrhenophanidae (Lepidoptera:Tineoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 620: 1-80.","Dietz, R. E., IV. 1994. Systematics and biology of the genus Macrocneme Hubner Lepidoptera: Ctenuchidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 113: 1-121 + figures.","Donahue, J. P. 1995. 74. Cossidae. p. 122-126. In: J. B. Heppner (ed.). Checklist: Part 2 Hyblaeoidea - Pyraloidea - Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Scientific Publishers; Gainesville, Florida, USA. 243 p.","Donahue, J. 2013. Metamorphosis. Jeffrey Stuart Ingraham. News of the Lepidopterists' Society 55(3): 108-109.","Draudt, M. 1931-1933. Notodontidae. p. 905-1070. In: A. Seitz (ed.). Die exotischen Grossschmetterlinge, Die amerikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. [The Macrolepidoptera of the World. Volume 6. The American Bombyces and Sphinges.] Alfred Kernen; Stuttgart, Germany. 1327 p. + 198 pl.","Epstein, M. E., and V. O. Becker. 1993. Combinations and synonymies in New World Llmacodidae, Megalopygidae, Lasiocampidae and Arctiidae (Lepidoptera). Revista Brasiliera de Zoologia 10(2): 289-319.","Fennah, R. G. 1947. Insect pests of food crops in the Lesser Antilles. Department of Agriculture, Windward Islands, St. George, Grenada, and Department of Agriculture, Leeward Islands, St. John's, Antigua. 207 p.","Ferguson, D. C. 2008. Geometroidea, Geometridae (part): Ennominae (part): Abraxini, Cassymini, Macariini. In: R. W. Hodges et al. (eds.). The Moths of North America 17.2. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation; Washington, DC. 576 p.","Ferris, C. D., and J. D. Lafontaine. 2010. Review of the North American species of Marimatha Walker with descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Eustrotiinae) and the description of Pseudomarimatha flava (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Elaphriini), a new genus and species confused with Marimatha. In: B. C. Schmidt, and J. D. Lafontaine (eds.). Contributions to the systematics of New World macro-moths II. ZooKeys 39: 117-135.","Field, W. D. 1975. Ctenuchid moths of Ceramidea Butler, Ceramidiodes Hampson, and the caca species group of Antichloris Hubner. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 198: 45 p.","Fleming, H. 1957. The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B.W.I. Part I. Euchromiinae. Zoologica 42: 105-130.","Fleming, H. 1959. The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B.W.I. Part II. Ctenuchinae. Zoologica 44: 85-104.","Gonzalez, J. M., and M. J. W. Cock. 2004. A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Trinidad and Tobago. Zootaxa 762: 1-19.","Gould, W. P., and A. Raga. 2002. Pests of guava. p. 295-313. In: J. E. Pena, J. L. Sharp, and M. Wysoki (eds.). Tropical fruit pests and pollinators: Biology, Economic Importance, Natural Enemies and Control. CAB International; Wallingford, UK. vii + 420 p.","Guppy, P. L. 1910. Notes on some insect enemies in Tobago. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture, Trinidad and Tobago 9: 135-139.","Guppy, P. L. 1911. Insect notes for the year 1910-1911. Circular, Board of Agriculture, Trinidad 3: 3-14.","Hampson, G. F. 1898. Catalogue of the Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Volume I. Plates. Catalogue of the Syntomidae in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum; London, UK. pl. 1-17.","Heinrich, C. 1945. The genus Fundella Zeller: a contribution toward a revision of the American pyralidoid moths of the family Phyctidae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 96: 105-114, pl. 4-6.","Heinrich, C. 1956. American moths of the subfamily Phycitinae. United States National Museum Bulletin 207: 1-581.","Heppner, J. B. 1984. 41. Immidae. p. 57-58. In: J.B. Heppner (ed.). Checklist: Part 2 Micropterigoidea - Immoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Dr. W. Junk Publishers; The Hague, Netherlands. 113 p.","Heppner, J. B. 2003. Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1 Introduction and Catalog. Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas Volume 17. Seventh printing 2007. Florida Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services; Gainesville, Florida, USA. x + 670 p.","Hopp, W. 1935. Familie: Megalopygidae. p. 1071-1101, pl. 160-163. In: A. Seitz (ed.). (1934-1935) Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Teil 6. Die amerikanischen Spinner und Schwarmer. A. Kernen; Stuttgart, Germany. 1327 p. + 198 pl.","Julien, M. H., and M. W. Griffiths (eds.). 1998. Biological Control of Weeds. A World Catalogue of Agents and their Target Weeds, 4th edn. CAB International; Wallingford, UK. x + 223 p.","Kaila, L. 2004. Phylogeny of the superfamily Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia): an exemplar approach. Cladistics 20: 303-340.","Kaye, W. J. 1901. A preliminary catalogue of the Lepidoptera Heterocera of Trinidad. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1901: 115-158 + 2 pl.","Kaye, W. J. [1923]. New species of Trinidad moths. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1922(4): 991-998 + pl. 1. [The date of publication of the Proceedings of the Zoological Society 1922(4) is 13 February 1923, as stated on the wrapper of 1923(1).]","Kaye, W. J. 1925. New species and subspecies of Trinidad Rhopalocera and Heterocera. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1924 (3-4): 413-428 + pl. 45.","Kaye, W. J., and Sir N. Lamont. 1927. A catalogue of the Trinidad Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture, Trinidad and Tobago 3: 1-144.","Kelly, M. 2011. First record of the hawkmoth Aellopos clavipes (Sphingidae) in Tobago, West Indies. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club 2011: 72.","Kevan, D. K. M. 1943. The Neotropical cornstalk borer, Diatraea lineolata, Walk., and the sugar-cane moth borer, D. saccharalis (Fabr.), as maize pests in Trinidad, with notes from Grenada. Tropical Agriculture 20: 167-174.","Kitching, I. J., and J.-M. Cadiou. 2000. Hawkmoths of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Revisionary Checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Cornell University Press; Ithaca, USA and London, UK. viii + 227 p.","Kruger, M., and M. J. Scoble. 1992. Neotropical red-brown Ennominae in the genera Thysanopyga Herrich-Schaffer and Perissopteryx Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Bulletin of The Natural History Museum, Entomology Series 61(2): 77-148.","Lafontaine, J. D., and B. C. Schmidt. 2010. Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico. ZooKeys 40: 1-239.","Landry, B. 2016. Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Revue suisse de Zoologie 123(2): 315-399.","Lathy, P. I. 1923. Further notes on the Castniinae in the collection of Madame Gaston Fournier (Lepidoptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (series 9) 12: 223-227.","Lemaire, C. 1996. 117. Saturniidae. p. 28-49. In: J. B. Heppner (ed.). 1996. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4B. Drepanoidea - Bombycoidea - Sphingoidea. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera & Scientific Publishers; Gainesville, Florida. 87 p.","Lemaire, C. 2002. The Saturniidae of America. Les Saturniidae americains (= Attacidae). Hemileuc-"]}
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- 2017
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18. Two new records of Sphingidae (Lepidoptera: Bombycoidea) from Salta, with new distributional records of nine species in Argentina
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Joanna Rodríguez-Ramírez and Ezequiel Núñez Bustos
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Ecology ,biology ,New records ,Sphingidae ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Perigonia stulta ,Identification error ,Forestry ,Nyceryx hyposticta ,Primeros registros ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Salta ,Ciencias Biológicas ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Geography ,Insect Science ,lcsh:Zoology ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Se registran por primera vez dos especies de Sphingidae de la Argentina: Nyceryx hyposticta (R. Felder) y Perigonia stulta Herrich-Schäffer. Ambas especies fueron colectadas en el norte de la provincia de Salta. Se aportan nuevos registros de distribución de otras nueve especies y se aclara un error de identificación previo. Two species of Sphingidae are recorded from Argentina for the first time: Nyceryx hyposticta (R. Felder, [1874]) and Perigonia stulta Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]. Both species were collected in the north of Salta province. New distributional records from Argentina for other nine species are provided, and a previous identification error is clarified. Fil: Rodriguez Ramirez, Joanna Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentina Fil: Núñez Bustos, Ezequiel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentina
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- 2017
19. Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) of sphingid Lepidoptera, including the identification of a second M. sexta AKH
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Robert J. Weaver, Gerd Gäde, Neil Audsley, Petr Šimek, Heather G. Marco, and Kevin D. Clark
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Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Physiology ,Stereochemistry ,Sphingidae ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,Biochemistry ,Macroglossinae ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Endocrinology ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Manduca ,Botany ,Animals ,Adipokinetic hormone ,Sphinginae ,Acherontia atropos ,biology ,fungi ,Death's-head hawkmoth ,biology.organism_classification ,Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid ,Lepidoptera ,Manduca sexta ,Insect Hormones ,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ,Oligopeptides - Abstract
The adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) from the corpora cardiaca (CC) of representative species from all three subfamilies of the Sphingidae (hawkmoths) were investigated using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) and liquid chromatography electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI MS), including a re-examination of the AKH complement of the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. In addition to larvae and adults of M. sexta (subfamily: Sphinginae), adults from the following subfamilies were examined: Macroglossinae (large elephant hawkmoth, Deilephila elpenor), Smerinthinae (poplar hawkmoth, Laothoe populi and eyed hawkmoth, Smerinthus ocellata), and Sphinginae (death's head hawkmoth, Acherontia atropos). All moths are shown to have the nonapeptide Manse-AKH (pELTFTSSWGamide) [corrected] in their CC, together with a second AKH, which, on the basis of mass ions ([M+Na](+), [M+K](+)) and partial sequence analysis is identical in all species examined. The structure of this AKH was extracted from the CC [corrected] of adult M. sexta and shown, by ESI-collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), to be a novel decapeptide AKH with a sequence of pELTFSSWGQamide. [corrected]. The new peptide has been code named Manse-AKH-II. Sequence confirmation was obtained from identical MS studies with synthetic Manse-AKH-II and with the native peptide. Manse-AKH-II has significant lipid-mobilizing activity when injected at low dose (5pmol) into newly emerged adult M. sexta. The potential implications of a second AKH, in M. sexta in particular, are discussed in relation to putative receptor(s).
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- 2012
20. Taxonomy, phylogeography and climate relations of the Western Palaearctic spurge hawkmoth (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae)
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Anna K. Hundsdoerfer, Michael B. Mende, Ian J. Kitching, and Mathilde Cordellier
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Ecological niche ,Ecology ,Western Palaearctic ,Genetic admixture ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Phylogeography ,Hyles euphorbiae ,Genetics ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Genetic variability ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Hundsdoerfer, AK., Mende, MB., Kitching, IJ. & Cordellier, M. (2011). Taxonomy, phylogeography and climate relations of the Western Palaearctic spurge hawkmoth (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae, Macroglossinae). —Zoologica Scripta, 40, 403–417. The primary aim of this study was to analyse mitochondrial genetic variability within the Hyles euphorbiae lineage in the Western Palaearctic, where observations of morphology have indicated much greater differentiation than is implied by the current taxonomy. The scope of the study is broadened further by including an analysis of the possible influences of climatic factors on lineage distributions. Mitochondrial sequences from three genes totalling an unambiguous alignment of 2284 bp were obtained for 356 individuals of the H. euphorbiae complex (HEC) s.s. Genetic admixture, network and climatic factor analyses were used to analyse the data. Unexpected mitochondrial variability was uncovered within the distribution range of H. euphorbiae in southern Europe, with two additional distinct clusters being found, both with rather patchy occurrences. The results of the genetic analysis presented here confirm a distinct H. cretica on Crete and the Dodecanese Islands and a distinct H. robertsi in Iran that hybridises with H. euphorbiae. Comparison of the molecular data with larval morphology shows only limited correlation of genetic clusters with pattern elements. The genetic network of the HEC s.s. shows strong incongruence with traditional taxonomy. Ecological niche modelling based on climate data revealed that the three best-sampled clusters (H. tithymali, the well-known H. euphorbiae lineage from Europe, and the previously unknown mitochondrial H. euphorbiae lineage that occurs mainly in Italy) could all occur in southern Italy and on the Mediterranean Islands. Biotic interactions appear to explain the observed ranges better than abiotic factors alone.
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- 2011
21. Larval pattern morphotypes in the Western Palaearctic Hyles euphorbiae complex (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae: Macroglossinae)
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Anna K. Hundsdoerfer, Anthony R. Pittaway, Heimo C Harbich, Ian J. Kitching, and Michael B. Mende
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Ecology ,biology ,Biogeography ,Western Palaearctic ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,Mediterranean Basin ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Hyles euphorbiae ,Insect Science ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
External morphological variation in larval pattern elements in the Hyles euphorbiae complex is documented and described from independent samples of numerous populations across Europe and North Africa. Variability in the distribution of black cuticle and other colours was found to be much higher within populations than previously believed and it proved difficult to characterize any species, subspecies and even local population unequivocally using this feature alone. A representative sample of larvae from the Canary Islands, Madeira, North Africa, Iberia, Italy, Germany, Eastern Europe, Malta, Greece and Yemen, is illustrated, supplemented by observations from photographs of larvae from the Middle East and Western Asia. Taxonomy-independent definitions of larval morphotypes demonstrate significant overlap between species. We discuss the results in the context of Western Palaearctic biogeography, postulating several areas of hybridisation between the more northern Hyles euphorbiae and more southern H. tithymali that have led to the mosaic distribution patterns observed, and consider the potential of these moths for tracking the future eff ects of climate change in the Mediterranean Basin.
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- 2011
22. Effects of Habitat Disturbance can be Subtle Yet Significant: Biodiversity of Hawkmoth-Assemblages (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) in Southeast-Asia
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Ian J. Kitching, K. Eduard Linsenmair, and Jan Beck
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Disturbance (geology) ,Ecology ,Community ,Biodiversity ,Species diversity ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis ,Altitude ,Species richness ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Sphingid biodiversity was compared in a large number of light-trapping samples on Borneo and elsewhere in the Indo-Australian tropics, using our own quantitative light-trapping samples supplemented by other collectors’ published and unpublished data. No effects of anthropogenic habitat disturbance on the within-habitat diversity (measured as Fisher’s α) were observed, but the faunal composition of assemblages differs significantly under varying degrees of disturbance. Altitude, year of sampling and sampling regime (full night vs. part of the night) were identified as additional parameters that influence the composition of local samples. The frequency of subfamilies in samples varies under different disturbance regimes: Smerinthinae decline along a gradient from primary habitats to heavily disturbed sites, while Macroglossinae show the reverse trend. Connections between the reactions of subfamilies to disturbance and altitude and potential life-history differences between the subfamilies are discussed. Hypothetically, capital breeding Smerinthinae might be commoner and more speciose in stable primary habitats, whereas many income breeding Macroglossinae are probably adapted to thrive in ephemeral, disturbed habitats. Furthermore, we show that estimates from local samples fall short of the total known species richness of Borneo by about 10%.
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- 2006
23. A new species of Theretra Hübner (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) from the southern Western Ghats, India
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Dipendra Nath Basu, Krushnamegh Kunte, Ian J. Kitching, and Yash Sondhi
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0106 biological sciences ,biology ,Ecology ,Sphingidae ,010607 zoology ,Wildlife ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macroglossinae ,Genetic divergence ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Genetic marker ,Theretra ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
A new species of the genus Theretra Hübner [1819], Theretra shendurneensis sp. nov., is described from Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, southern Western Ghats, India, based on external and internal morphology, and genetic markers. The new species is compared in external and male genital morphology, genetic divergence and geographic range with three similar and closely related species: T. boisduvalii (Bugnion, 1839), T. sumatrensis (Joicey and Kaye, 1917) and T. rhesus (Boisduval, [1875]). Recent changes to the classification of Theretra are discussed and rejected.
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- 2017
24. Sequestration of phorbol esters by aposematic larvae of Hyles euphorbiae (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)?
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Hundsdoerfer, Anna K., Tshibangu, Jeannette Ndaya, Wetterauer, Bernhard, and Wink, Michael
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- 2005
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25. Hawkmoth fauna (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera) in a semi-deciduous rainforest remnant: composition, temporal fluctuations, and new records for Northeastern Brazil
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José Araújo Duarte, Isabel Cristina Machado, and Luis Miguel Primo
- Subjects
Male ,dry forest ,Enyo gorgon ,Fauna ,Population Dynamics ,sazonalidade ,Rainforest ,phenology ,Macroglossinae ,Trees ,esfingofilia ,Manduca ,Xylophanes chiron ,Nyceryx coffaeae ,floresta seca ,Animals ,Endemism ,lcsh:Science ,Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco ,Population Density ,Pernambuco Endemism Center ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,seasonality ,Ecology ,Biodiversity ,biology.organism_classification ,sphingophily ,abundancia e riqueza de Sphingidae ,fenologia ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,Species richness ,Seasons ,Sphingidae abundance and richness ,Brazil - Abstract
We carried out a qualitative and quantitative inventory of the hawkmoth fauna (Sphingidae) of an area of semi-deciduous seasonal rainforest in the state of Pernambuco (Tapacurá Ecological Station), northeastern Brazil. Hawkmoths were sampled monthly from October 2004 to February 2007 (27 months). We recorded 31 species from 16 genera, three tribes, and three families. Macroglossinae was the most abundant subfamily and represented ca. 71% of all species. Out of the 277 individuals collected, 88.4% were males. Five new records were made for northeastern Brazil: Enyo gorgon (Cramer, 1777), Perigonia stulta (Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]), Eupyrrhoglossum sagra (Poey, 1832), Nyceryx coffaeae (Walker, 1856) and Xylophanes chiron (Drury, 1773). Eight further species were recorded for the first time for the Pernambuco Endemism Center, showing the important role played by Tapacurá Station in preserving the biodiversity of this insect group. Species richness and abundance were directly related to rainfall: about 70% of all individuals were captured during the rainy season. Changes in Sphingidae populations may, however, be caused by other factors that directly affect either larvae and adults of those insects, such as matrix effect and forest fragment size, which influence migration processes and the presence of predators. Nós analisamos o inventário qualitativo e quantitativo da fauna de mariposas esfingídeas (Sphingidae) de uma área de floresta úmida semi-decidual no estado de Pernambuco (Estação Ecológica de Tapacurá), Nordeste do Brasil. Os esfingídeos foram amostrados mensalmente de Outubro de 2004 a Fevereiro de 2007 (27 meses). Nós registramos 31 espécies distribuídas em 16 gêneros, três tribos e três famílias. Macroglossinae foi a sub-família mais abundante, representada por ca. 71% de todas as espécies. Dos 277 indivíduos coletados, 88.4% foram machos. Cinco novos registros foram obtidos para o Nordeste do Brasil: Enyo gorgon (Cramer, 1777), Perigonia stulta (Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]), Eupyrrhoglossum sagra (Poey, 1832), Nyceryx coffaeae (Walker, 1856) and Xylophanes chiron (Drury, 1773). Outras oito species foram registradas pela primeira vez para o Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco, mostrando o importante papel desempenhado pela Estação de Tapacurá na preservação da biodiversidade desse grupo de insetos. Riqueza e abundância das espécies apresentaram relação direta com a precipitação: cerca de 70% de todos os indivíduos foram capturados durante a estação chuvosa. Variações nas populações de Sphingidae, entretanto, podem ser causadas por outros fatores que afetam diretamente as larvas e adultos daqueles insetos, como o efeito da matriz e do tamanho do fragmento florestal, que influenciam os processos de migração e a presença de predadores.
- Published
- 2012
26. Phylogeny and Biogeography of Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae): Evidence from Five Nuclear Genes
- Author
-
Andre A. Mignault, Charles Mitter, Jerome C. Regier, Akito Y. Kawahara, and Ian J. Kitching
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Evolutionary Biology/Bioinformatics ,Zoology ,lcsh:Medicine ,Genes, Insect ,Biology ,Smerinthinae ,Moths ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macroglossinae ,03 medical and health sciences ,Monophyly ,Phylogenetics ,Polyphyly ,Animals ,lcsh:Science ,Evolutionary Biology/Genomics ,Phylogeny ,030304 developmental biology ,Sphinginae ,Cell Nucleus ,0303 health sciences ,Evolutionary Biology ,Likelihood Functions ,Multidisciplinary ,Geography ,lcsh:R ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular phylogenetics ,lcsh:Q ,Sphingini ,Research Article - Abstract
Background: The 1400 species of hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) comprise one of most conspicuous and wellstudied groups of insects, and provide model systems for diverse biological disciplines. However, a robust phylogenetic framework for the family is currently lacking. Morphology is unable to confidently determine relationships among most groups. As a major step toward understanding relationships of this model group, we have undertaken the first large-scale molecular phylogenetic analysis of hawkmoths representing all subfamilies, tribes and subtribes. Methodology/Principal Findings: The data set consisted of 131 sphingid species and 6793 bp of sequence from five protein-coding nuclear genes. Maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses provided strong support for more than twothirds of all nodes, including strong signal for or against nearly all of the fifteen current subfamily, tribal and sub-tribal groupings. Monophyly was strongly supported for some of these, including Macroglossinae, Sphinginae, Acherontiini, Ambulycini, Philampelini, Choerocampina, and Hemarina. Other groupings proved para- or polyphyletic, and will need significant redefinition; these include Smerinthinae, Smerinthini, Sphingini, Sphingulini, Dilophonotini, Dilophonotina, Macroglossini, and Macroglossina. The basal divergence, strongly supported, is between Macroglossinae and Smerinthinae+Sphinginae. All genes contribute significantly to the signal from the combined data set, and there is little conflict between genes. Ancestral state reconstruction reveals multiple separate origins of New World and Old World radiations. Conclusions/Significance: Our study provides the first comprehensive phylogeny of one of the most conspicuous and wellstudied insects. The molecular phylogeny challenges current concepts of Sphingidae based on morphology, and provides a foundation for a new classification. While there are multiple independent origins of New World and Old World radiations, we conclude that broad-scale geographic distribution in hawkmoths is more phylogenetically conserved than previously postulated.
- Published
- 2009
27. Light-attracted hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of Boracéia, municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, Brazil
- Author
-
Marcelo Duarte, Luciane F. Carlin, and Gláucia Marconato
- Subjects
Xylophanes thyelia ,Ecology ,biology ,QH301-705.5 ,Sphingidae ,hawkmoths ,Smerinthinae ,Xylophanes ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,São Paulo ,Lepidoptera ,Adhemarius eurysthenes ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Botany ,Biology (General) ,species inventory ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Brazil ,Sphinginae ,Sphingini - Abstract
The light-attracted hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Estação Biológica de Boracéia, municipality of Salesópolis, state of São Paulo, Brazil were sampled during a period of 64 years (1940-2004). A total of 2,064 individuals belonging to 3 subfamilies, 6 tribes, 23 genera and 75 species were identified. Macroglossinae was the most abundant and richest subfamily in the study area, being followed by Sphinginae and Smerinthinae. About 66 % of the sampled individuals were assorted to the macroglossine tribes Dilophonotini and Macroglossini. Dilophonotini (Macroglossinae) was the richest tribe with 26 species, followed by Sphingini (Sphinginae) with 18 species, Macroglossini (Macroglossinae) with 16 species, Ambulycini (Smerinthinae) and Philampelini (Macroglossinae) with seven species each one, and Acherontiini (Sphinginae) with only one species. Manduca Hübner (Sphinginae) and Xylophanes Hübner (Macroglossinae) were the dominant genera in number of species. Only Xylophanes thyelia thyelia (Linnaeus) and Adhemarius eurysthenes (R. Felder) were recorded year round.
- Published
- 2008
28. CURRENT STATUS OF KNOWLEDGE OF SPHINGIDAE LATREILLE, 1802 (LEPIDOPTERA: BOMBYCOIDEA) IN COLOMBIA
- Author
-
Andrés Vélez-Bravo, Marta Isabel Wolff Echeverri, and Yenny Correa-Carmona
- Subjects
Subfamily ,biology ,Zoology ,Xylophanes ,Smerinthinae ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Genus ,Bombycoidea ,Animal Science and Zoology ,geographic locations ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Sphinginae - Abstract
A list of species and a photographic catalog of moths of the family Sphingidae reported for Colombia is presented. Following examination of 1463 specimens deposited in major entomological collections of Colombia, and a review of the literature, 188 species are reported for the country, of which 19 species and Phryxus genus are reported for the first time for Colombia. The genus Xylophanes has the most species recorded and also the most geographical records. The Andean region has the highest number of records. A diagnosis of each subfamily and genus, comments on the biology of many of the reported species and dichotomous keys are also presented.
- Published
- 2015
29. The relative importance of olfaction and vision in a diurnal and a nocturnal hawkmoth
- Author
-
Almut Kelber, Anna Balkenius, and WenQi Rosén
- Subjects
Light ,Sensory Receptor Cells ,Physiology ,Olfaction ,Stimulus (physiology) ,Nocturnal ,Biology ,Moths ,Macroglossinae ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Sexual Behavior, Animal ,Stimulus modality ,Species Specificity ,Animals ,Sensory cue ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Vision, Ocular ,Behavior, Animal ,Ecology ,Darkness ,biology.organism_classification ,Circadian Rhythm ,Smell ,Deilephila elpenor ,Odorants ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Color Perception - Abstract
Nectar-feeding animals can use vision and olfaction to find rewarding flowers and different species may give different weight to the two sensory modalities. We have studied how a diurnal or nocturnal lifestyle affects the weight given to vision and olfaction. We tested naive hawkmoths of two species in a wind tunnel, presenting an odour source and a visual stimulus. Although the two species belong to the same subfamily of sphingids, the Macroglossinae, their behaviour was quite different. The nocturnal Deilephila elpenor responded preferably to the odour while the diurnal Macroglossum stellatarum strongly favoured the visual stimulus. Since a nocturnal lifestyle is ancestral for sphingids, the diurnal species, M. stellatarum, has evolved from nocturnal moths that primarily used olfaction. During bright daylight visual cues may have became more important than odour.
- Published
- 2005
30. A molecular phylogeny of the hawkmoth genus Hyles (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae, Macroglossinae)
- Author
-
Ian J. Kitching, Michael Wink, and Anna K. Hundsdoerfer
- Subjects
Population ,Moths ,Macroglossinae ,DNA, Mitochondrial ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Time ,Electron Transport Complex IV ,Monophyly ,Hyles euphorbiae ,Genus ,Genetics ,Animals ,education ,Molecular clock ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Phylogeny ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Geography ,Ecology ,Fossils ,biology.organism_classification ,Europe ,Sister group ,Evolutionary biology ,Molecular phylogenetics - Abstract
The hawkmoth genus Hyles is one of 15 genera in the subtribe Choerocampina of the subfamily Macroglossinae. Due to a remarkable uniformity, morphological characters usually used to identify and classify Lepidoptera at the species level cannot be used in this genus. Instead, we used DNA sequences comprising about 2300 bp derived from the mitochondrial genes COX I, COX II, and tRNA-leucine to elucidate the phylogeny of Hyles. The results corroborate the monophyly of Hyles but conflict with previous internal classifications of the genus based on morphology. Hyles seems to have evolved in the Neotropics during the Oligocene/Eocene epochs and the molecular data (which evolved clock-like) confirm the hypothesis that it is a very young genus that radiated on a global scale rather quickly. We hypothesize its sister group to be one of the genera Deilephila, Theretra or Xylophanes. The Nearctic may have been colonized rapidly by Hyles once the land bridge formed during the Pliocene, since within this same Epoch, the invasion of the Palaearctic appears to have proceeded from the East, via the Bering route. The colonization of Australia appears to have occurred rather early in Hyles radiation, although the route is not clear. We propose that the radiation of the Hyles euphorbiae-complex s. str. (HEC) occurred as recently as the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary and that its roots can still be reconstructed in Asia. Hyles dahlii is closely related to the HEC, but a sister group relationship to the HEC s. str. cannot be corroborated unequivocally. HEC population ranges appear to have tracked climate oscillations during the Pleistocene Ice Ages, resulting in hybridization around the Mediterranean Sea as they repeatedly intermingled. Comparison of the phylogeny with food plant affiliations leads us to hypothesize that Euphorbia monophagy evolved at least two times independently within Hyles.
- Published
- 2004
31. Neojilinga, a replacement name for Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt, 1998 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
- Author
-
Yu-Bo Zhang
- Subjects
Leafhopper ,Type species ,biology ,Hemaris staudingeri ,Botany ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Hemaris ,Deltocephalinae ,biology.organism_classification ,Deltocephalus ,Macroglossinae ,Homonym (biology) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt (1998: 127) described the subgenus Jilinga in Hemaris Dalman, 1816 (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae: Macroglossinae: Dilophonotini) with Hemaris staudingeri Leech, 1890 as its type species. The name Jilinga is preoccupied by Ghauri (1974: 51), who described a leafhopper genus Jilinga with type species Deltocephalus darjilingensis Distant, 1918, in the subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Therefore, Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt, 1998 is a junior homonym of Jilinga Ghauri, 1974, per the ICZN (1999), and I hereby propose Neojilinga nom. nov. as the replacement name for Jilinga Eitschberger, Danner & Surholt, 1998. The new combination for the included species is Hemaris (Neojilinga) staudingeri (Leech, 1890).
- Published
- 2013
32. Phylogeny, Molecules Versus Morphology, and Rates of Character Evolution Among Fruitbats (Chiroptera: Megachiroptera)
- Author
-
MS Springer, LJ Hollar, and JAW Kirsch
- Subjects
Systematics ,Paraphyly ,Character evolution ,Phylogenetic tree ,Zoology ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Monophyly ,Evolutionary biology ,Phylogenetics ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Clade ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Andersen's 1912 monograph on megachiropterans remains the definitive work on the systematics of this group. Andersen argued that the Macroglossinae, containing the eonycterine and notopterine sections, are a monophyletic sister-group to other fruitbats (i.e. Andersen's Rousettus, Cynopterus and Epomophorus sections). Two recent molecular studies (DNA hybridisation and restriction mapping of ribosomal cistrons), as well as an analysis of female reproductive characters, challenge the monophyly of the Macroglossinae and several of Andersen's other conclusions such as the phylogenetic position of Nyctimene. We performed a cladistic analysis on 36 morphological characters, including 33 that were gleaned from Andersen, to determine whether phylogenetic hypotheses based on modem phylogenetic methods are in agreement with Andersen's original conclusions and to compare morphological and molecular phylogenetic hypotheses. Minimum-length trees based on parsimony are largely consistent with Andersen and support (1) a monophyletic Macroglossinae, within which the eonycterine section is paraphyletic with respect to a monophyletic notopterine section, (2) a monophyletic Cynopterus section, excepting the exclusion of Myonycteris, (3) a monophyletic Epomophorus section, excepting the exclusion of Plerotes, and (4) a paraphyletic Rousettus section, with several of the Rousettus-like forms branching off near the base of the tree. Bootstrapping analyses on a reduced data-set that included taxa shared in common with the DNA hybridisation study did not provide strong support (greater than or equal to 95%) for any clades but did provide moderate support (greater than or equal to 70) for several clades, including a monophyletic Macroglossinae. These findings are in marked contrast to the DNA hybridisation phylogeny. A high index of between-data-set incongruence is further evidence for the clash between DNA hybridisation and morphology. A phylogenetic framework was constructed on the basis of morphological data and DNA hybridisation data using a criterion of moderate support and shows little resolution, whereas employing a criterion of strong support produced a framework resolving several additional nodes. One implication of this framework is that characteristic macroglossine features such as a long tongue with a thick carpet of filiform papillae have evolved independently on several occasions (or evolved once and were lost several times). Rates of character evolution for the morphological characters employed in our analysis were calculated using divergence times estimated from DNA hybridisation data. Rates have apparently been fastest in the interior branches, and slower along the external branches, which suggests an early adaptive radiation in the history of fruitbats.
- Published
- 1995
33. Notes on macroglossine bats from Sulawesi and the Moluccas, Indonesia, with the description of a new species of Syconycteris Matschie, 1899 from Halmahera (Mammalia: Megachiroptera)
- Subjects
Sulawesi ,Biogeography ,Bats ,Macroglossinae ,Taxonomy ,Moluccas - Abstract
A recent collection of bats from northern Sulawesi (Celebes), Halmahera and Bacan (Batjan), Indonesia, contains representatives of three macroglossine genera. A specimen of Eonycteris rosenbergii (Jentink, 1889) from northern Sulawesi — a species previously known only from the immature type specimen — together with an additional, previously unreported specimen confirms the diagnostic value of the absence of the third lower molar. The validity of this taxon has been questioned by several authors, who suggested that E. rosenbergii is based on an anomalous specimen of E. spelaea (Dobson, 1871). Other material of Eonycteris from Sulawesi, referable to spelaea, is discussed, with the first record for the island of Muna (Moena), and comparative notes are given on populations from other parts of the species' range. An outsize Syconycteris Matschie, 1899 from Halmahera is described here as a new species, constituting the first record of the genus for the north Moluccas. Finally, a series of Macroglossus minimus (Geoffroy, 1810) from Halmahera and Bacan represents the first record of this species for these islands.
- Published
- 1984
34. Flight energetics of sphinx moths: power input during hovering flight
- Author
-
Timothy M. Casey
- Subjects
Physiology ,Moths ,Aquatic Science ,Macroglossinae ,Species Specificity ,Animals ,Wings, Animal ,Thorax (insect anatomy) ,Wing loading ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Flight energetics ,biology ,Body Weight ,Anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Momentum theory ,Power (physics) ,Lepidoptera ,Deilephila elpenor ,Flight, Animal ,Insect Science ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Atomic physics ,Energy Metabolism ,Hyles lineata - Abstract
The energetic cost of hovering flight was measured in sphinx moths from five species. Mean power input per unit mass (Pi/M) varied from 237·2 W kg−1 in Manduca sexta (Subfamily: Sphinginae), mean body mass 1·2 × 10−3 kg, to 327·9 W kg−1 in Deilephila elpenor (Subfamily: Macroglossinae) mean body mass 7×3 × 10−4 kg. Mean Pi/M for the five species was inversely proportional to mean body mass and directly proportional to mean wing loading. For any given body mass, Pi/M was greater in Hyles lineata than in M. sexta. This difference is correlated with higher wing loading at any given mass in H. lineata. Energy expenditure per unit mass of thorax was 1018 W kg−1 in H. lineata and 694 W kg−1 in M. sexta. Within each of these species, Pi per unit mass of thorax does not vary with body mass. Power input data are compared with calculated power requirements based on momentum theory and blade-element theory of helicopter aerodynamics. Absolute efficiency, the ratio between calculated power requirements and measured energy expenditure, appears to vary directly with body mass. These data provide an energetic basis for observed correlates between thoracic temperature and flight effort in flying sphinx moths.
- Published
- 1976
35. Notes on macroglossine bats from Sulawesi and the Moluccas, Indonesia, with the description of a new species of Syconycteris Matschie, 1899 from Halmahera (Mammalia: Megachiroptera)
- Author
-
Rozendaal, F.G. and Rozendaal, F.G.
- Abstract
A recent collection of bats from northern Sulawesi (Celebes), Halmahera and Bacan (Batjan), Indonesia, contains representatives of three macroglossine genera. A specimen of Eonycteris rosenbergii (Jentink, 1889) from northern Sulawesi — a species previously known only from the immature type specimen — together with an additional, previously unreported specimen confirms the diagnostic value of the absence of the third lower molar. The validity of this taxon has been questioned by several authors, who suggested that E. rosenbergii is based on an anomalous specimen of E. spelaea (Dobson, 1871). Other material of Eonycteris from Sulawesi, referable to spelaea, is discussed, with the first record for the island of Muna (Moena), and comparative notes are given on populations from other parts of the species' range. An outsize Syconycteris Matschie, 1899 from Halmahera is described here as a new species, constituting the first record of the genus for the north Moluccas. Finally, a series of Macroglossus minimus (Geoffroy, 1810) from Halmahera and Bacan represents the first record of this species for these islands.
- Published
- 1984
36. Breeding cycle of Eonycteris spelaea (Dobson, 1871) (Chiroptera, Pteropidae, Macroglossinae) in India
- Author
-
M. A. Sreenivasan, P. G. Jacob, and H. R. Bhat
- Subjects
Eonycteris spelaea ,biology ,Zoology ,Animal Science and Zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 1980
37. Phylogenetic relationships of the Old World nectar-feeding bats (Pteropodidae, Macroglossinae) based on features of the female reproductive tract
- Author
-
Hood, Craig S
- Subjects
Bats -- Evolution ,Phylogeny ,Macroglossinae ,Generative organs -- Chiroptera - Abstract
Not available
- Published
- 1986
38. PROF. FERNALD'S SPHINGIDÆ OF NEW ENGLAND
- Author
-
A. R. Grote
- Subjects
History ,biology ,Physiology ,Sphingidae ,Hemaris ,biology.organism_classification ,Macroglossinae ,Genealogy ,New england ,Structural Biology ,Euproserpinus ,Insect Science ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
This very carefully written pamphlet brings us quite a step forward in our knowledge of the structure of our Hawk Moths. In the first place, it may be doubted whether the divisions of the Sphingidæ, first laid down in their present shape in Grote & Robinson's Synonymical Catalogue (1865), are not of lower rank than sub-families, but as all our divisions are based on comparative characters, this point need not detain us long. I had diligently searched the literature for older terms for these groups, finding them in part, but they were not adopted by Butler, and the terms of our Catalogue of 1865 with a sub-family ending seem to be preferred. I commenced with the Macroglossinæ, because these genera more resemble the Hesperidæ in their frequent diurnal flight, pupation on the ground between leaves with a few threads of silk, and in the more prismatic antennæ, Our genera are Hemaris, Aellopos, Euproserpinus and Lepisesia, with entire wings. I never was so fortunate as to possess any specimens of the genera Lepisesia or Pogocolon.
- Published
- 1886
39. Mites of the Genus Pteropimyobia Fain (Trombidiformes, Myobiidae) and Information on Host Taxonomy Deduced from Them
- Author
-
Kimito Uchikawa
- Subjects
Systematics ,Subfamily ,Genus ,Zoology ,Parasitology ,Taxonomy (biology) ,Trombidiformes ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Melonycteris ,Macroglossinae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Eonycteris - Abstract
Both sexes of 3 known species of mites of the genus Pteropimyobia Fain are redescribed or described. Two new species, Pteropimyobia paranyctimene n. sp. and Pteropimyobia melonycteris n. sp., are described on the basis of both sexes. Each of the 5 species known is regarded as being specific to host bat genera belonging to the subfamilies Nyctimeninae and Macroglossinae of the family Pteropodidae (Megachiroptera). Based on host-parasite associations within the mite genera Pteropimyobia and Binuncus Radford and the bat family Pteropodidae, the following 2 systematic problems are offered to chiropterologists for renewed studies: 1. Should Eonycteris and Megaloglossus be transferred from the subfamily Macroglossinae to Pteropodinae?, and 2. Do the differences between the subfamilies Nyctimeninae and Macroglossinae justify subfamily ranking? Some parasites have been used as indicators of systematic relationships among their hosts. Permanent ectoparasites are more advantageous for this than parasites that leave the host at some time in the life cycle. Mites of the family Myobiidae, permanent ec- toparasites that live on body fluids of hosts, have proved to be good indicators of host-parasite co- evolution (Fain, 1975) and in practical taxonomy and phylogeny of their hosts (Uchikawa and Ha- rada, 1981). Pteropimyobia Fain and Binuncus Radford are myobiid genera specific to bats of the family Pteropodidae or Megachiroptera. Taxonomic study of both these genera has just gotten under way. Recent data and records will be summarized in present and future papers in an effort to promote parasite systematics and ul- timately to shed light on current problems in host taxonomy.
- Published
- 1986
Catalog
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