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Background: People with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) are particularly susceptible to respiratory infections, including those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) is an antibacterial agent combination active against MDR gram-negative bacteria that has shown promising results in isolates from pwCF. This subanalysis is the first extensive observation of real-world C/T use in pwCF., Methods: The multicenter observational CONDUCT study included consecutive patients, some with cystic fibrosis, who received ≥1 dose of C/T at 28 centers throughout France. Patients were treated according to hospital standards and followed up until the end of C/T treatment (EOT)., Results: Among 260 patients who had received ≥1 dose of C/T, 63 were pwCF, including 12 with previous lung transplant. The median age was 34 years and 55.6% of patients were female. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated pathogen (n = 40/41 [97.6%]). Most tested P aeruginosa strains (n = 65/73 [91.5%]) and all other isolated strains ( Escherichia coli , Citrobacter koseri , Proteus mirabilis , and Serratia marcescens ) were susceptible to C/T. Most patients completed the treatment duration, including those with historical β-lactam hypersensitivity. Reasons for stopping treatment were planned EOT and improvement in condition; overall, 88.9% of patients (n = 56/63) experienced improvement in condition. No new safety signals were identified. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second improved from 1.33 L to 1.47 L before and after C/T treatment, respectively (n = 52; P = .057)., Conclusions: C/T treatment was well tolerated and effective in pwCF, including those with previous β-lactam hypersensitivity., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. P.-R. B. has received grants (paid to institution) from GSK and Vertex Pharmaceuticals, as well as honoraria for advisory boards/lectures from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GSK, Insmed, MSD, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Viatris, and Zambon. X. B. is an employee of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co, Inc, Rahway, New Jersey, USA. All other authors report no potential conflicts., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

Background: This study describes the conditions of use of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and associated outcomes in French hospital settings., Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, French observational study. Patients who received at least 1 dose of C/T were included and followed up as per routine clinical practice, until stop of C/T., Results: A total of 260 patients were enrolled between October 2018 and December 2019 in 30 centers across France. Of these, 177 (68.0%) received C/T as per indication of usage following the results of the antibiogram (documented cases). Among documented patients, the mean age was 61.8 years, 73.4% were males, and 93.8% presented with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria at inclusion. C/T was most frequently prescribed for pneumonia (48.6%), bacteremia (14.7%), complicated intra-abdominal infections (13.0%), or complicated urinary tract infections (9.6%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the species most frequently isolated with 212 strains from 155 patients, and 96.2% of these strains were susceptible to C/T. The median duration of C/T treatment was 16.1 days (1-115, n = 176). Complete or partial cure was achieved in 71.7% of patients, C/T was discontinued upon adaptation to microbiology results in 11.3% of patients for the following reasons: treatment failure in 2.8%, death in 4.0%, adverse events in 1.7%, and other in 8.5%., Conclusions: This is the first prospective observational study of C/T utilization in a health care setting enrolling many patients in France. C/T demonstrated a high rate of clinical effectiveness in MDR infections, confirming it as an effective treatment option for complicated infections in a high-risk population., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. J.F.T. has received research funding from ad boards: MSD, PFIZER, GILEAD, MENARINI, BD, ASPEN, SHIONOGI; has reported research grants from MSD, PFIZER, THERMOFISCHER; and has been a speaker/advisor for MSD, PFIZER, BIOMERIEUX, QIAGEN, SHIONOGI, GILEAD, BD. B.C. has reported research funding from SANOFI, MSD, SHIONOGI; and has been a speaker/advisor for MSD, SANOFI, ADVANZ PHARMA, BIOMERIEUX. R.R. has been a speaker/advisor PFIZER, SHIONOGI; and has received research funding from ad boards from MSD. B.A., X.B., I.B., and C.M. were employees of MSD France at the time the study was conducted. D.B. has received research funding for ad boards from MSD. All other authors report no potential conflicts., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

Objective: The objectives of this Delphi study are to describe muscle relaxant and reversal practices in France and to seek a consensus on the impact of the reversal method on the time spent in the OR and PACU., Method: A two-round Delphi survey was conducted on a panel of French anesthetists involved in colectomies, hysterectomies or bariatric surgery. The questionnaire was designed in collaboration with a scientific committee and was intended to assess neuromuscular blockade reversal techniques and their impact on time spent in the OR and PACU. The first round gathered data on practices and the second round sought a consensus for the time aspect., Results: Overall, all participants (99%) monitored neuromuscular blockade, with a majority (82%) doing so continuously. Of the participants, 22% routinely used a reversal drug. The time saved in the OR or PACU with sugammadex varied between 1 and 43 minutes depending on the surgery and the neuromuscular blockade reversal method it was compared to., Conclusion: Although SFAR recommendations (French Society of Anesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine) were generally well followed, the use of neuromuscular blockade reversal drugs was observed to be not fully integrated into regular practice, despite the fact that more than half of patients were reported to have residual neuromuscular blockade post-surgery and that sugammadex is known to reduce time spent in the OR and PACU compared to other neuromuscular blockade reversal methods., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)