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481 results on '"Machin, M."'

1. Student Work-Study Boundary Flexibility and Relationships with Burnout and Study Engagement

Author

Creed, Peter A., Hood, Michelle, Brough, Paula, Bialocerkowski, Andrea, Machin, M. Anthony, Winterbotham, Sonya, and Eastgate, Lindsay

Abstract

Relatively little is known about how working students manage their dual roles of work and study. To extend this research, we examined the direct and indirect relationships between boundary flexibility-ability (the appraised capacity to modify a boundary of one role to accommodate better the demands of another role) and boundary flexibility-willingness (the preparedness to do so) in both the work and study domains and outcomes of student burnout and study engagement in a sample of 851 working students (76% female; mean age 20.69 years). We tested the indirect paths via work-study conflict and facilitation. Both work and study flexibility-ability and flexibility-willingness, independently and in concert, were related to student burnout (46% variance explained) and study engagement (28% variance explained) as expected, and results supported work-study conflict and facilitation as underlying mechanisms in these relationships, with the indirect path via work-study conflict being more important than that via work-study facilitation. Thus, there are benefits for students when work and study boundaries are flexible and when students are willing to make use of this flexibility.

Published
2022
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2. Role Congruence and Study Engagement in Mature-Age Students: A Serial Indirect Effects Model

Author

Creed, Peter A., Hood, Michelle, Bialocerkowski, Andrea, Machin, M. Anthony, Brough, Paula, Bagley, Louella, Winterbotham, Sonya, and Eastgate, Lindsay

Abstract

We examined how mature-aged, non-traditional students (studying part-time, working full-time) managed their multiple roles by testing a serial, indirect effects model, in which student role congruence (i.e., extent to which students structure role boundaries to meet their own and others' preferences) was related to study engagement, and where work-study conflict/facilitation and exhaustion, in sequence, were underlying mechanisms that explained this relationship. We also untangled congruence between different role boundaries (i.e., work, study, family, leisure) to assess which were more important to facilitate engagement. We found, (N = 211; M = 37 years; 65% women), study engagement was predicted by study (direct and indirect) and leisure congruence (indirect), but not work and family congruence, with these relationships explained by reduced conflict (not facilitation) and, in turn, less exhaustion. The study suggests that how students manage their multiple role boundaries is important as this potentially affects their study engagement.

Published
2022
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3. Exploration of Sleep as a Specific Risk Factor for Poor Metabolic and Mental Health: A UK Biobank Study of 84,404 Participants

Author

Zhu G, Cassidy S, Hiden H, Woodman S, Trenell M, Gunn DA, Catt M, Birch-Machin M, and Anderson KN

Subjects
sleep, health, uk biobank, primary care, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Gewei Zhu,1 Sophie Cassidy,2 Hugo Hiden,3 Simon Woodman,3 Michael Trenell,4 David A Gunn,5 Michael Catt,6 Mark Birch-Machin,1,6 Kirstie N Anderson7 1Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; 2Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 3National Innovation Centre for Data, School of Computing, The Catalyst, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; 4NIHR Innovation Observatory, The Catalyst, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 5Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK; 6National Innovation Centre for Ageing, The Catalyst, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; 7Department of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKCorrespondence: Kirstie N AndersonDepartment of Neurology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UKTel +44 01912823833Email kirstieanderson@nhs.netPurpose: Short and long sleep durations have adverse effects on physical and mental health. However, most studies are based on self-reported sleep duration and health status. Therefore, this longitudinal study aims to investigate objectively measured sleep duration and subsequent primary health care records in older adults to investigate the impact of sleep duration and fragmentation on physical and mental health.Methods: Data on objective sleep duration were measured using accelerometry. Primary care health records were then obtained from the UK Biobank (n=84,404). Participants (mean age, 62.4 years) were divided into five groups according to their sleep duration derived from the accelerometry data: < 5 hours, 5– 6 hours, 6– 7 hours, 7– 8 hours and > 8 hours. ICD-10 codes were used for the analysis of primary care data. Wake after sleep onset, activity level during the least active 5 hours and episodes of movement during sleep were analysed as an indication for sleep fragmentation. Binary regression models were adjusted for age, gender and Townsend deprivation score.Results: A “U-shaped” relationship was found between sleep duration and diseases including diabetes, hypertension and heart disease and depression. Short and long sleep durations and fragmented sleep were associated with increased odds of disease.Conclusion: Six to eight hours of sleep, as well as less fragmented sleep, predicted better long-term metabolic and mental health.Keywords: sleep, health, UK Biobank, primary care

Published
2021

12. Employee Participation in Non-Mandatory Professional Development--The Role of Core Proactive Motivation Processes

Author

Sankey, Kim S. and Machin, M. Anthony

Abstract

With a focus on the self-initiated efforts of employees, this study examined a model of core proactive motivation processes for participation in non-mandatory professional development (PD) within a proactive motivation framework using the Self-Determination Theory perspective. A multi-group SEM analysis conducted across 439 academic and general employees of an Australian regional University provided initial support for the model. Results indicated that when employees are autonomously motivated to participate in non-mandatory PD, intrinsic benefits are the most salient aspiration that also mediate the influence of autonomous motivation on transfer implementation intentions. Extrinsic benefits are likely to be a secondary outcome which does not directly relate to transfer implementation intentions. Further research should replicate and extend this core model in other organizational settings where participation in non-mandatory PD is a critical factor in the effectiveness of the organization.

Published
2014
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13. Response to “Medical students’ attitudes toward communication skills learning: comparison between two groups with and without training” [Letter]

Author

von Widekind S and Machin M

Subjects
NA, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Sophia von Widekind,1 Matthew Machin21Imperial College School of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK; 2Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UKWe read with great interest the study by Ruiz Moral et al regarding medical students’ attitudes toward communication skills (CS) teaching.1View the original paper by Ruiz Moral and colleagues.

Published
2019

16. Investigating the Structural Validity of Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales across Two Samples

Author

Burns, Richard A. and Machin, M. Anthony

Abstract

Ryff's ("1989b") Psychological Well-Being (PWB) scales measure six related constructs of human functioning. The present paper examined the validity of Ryff's 6-factor PWB model, using data from a life events study (N = 401) and an organisational climate study (N = 679). Previous validation studies, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), have identified alternative PWB models, but limitations include the use of shorter scale versions with items relating to a number of life domains within the same PWB factor, and failure to examine the influence of participants' socio-demographic characteristics on PWB. In this study, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) mostly found consistency in the PWB items and structure between the two studies whereby a 3-factor model delineated between items relating to Autonomy, Positive Relations and a super-ordinate factor comprising the other PWB factors. Using CFA, Goodness of Fit indices reached acceptable levels for the adjusted PWB model identified by the EFA, whilst differences between adjusted models of PWB previously identified in the literature were hardly evident. Post-hoc analysis by gender demonstrated socio-demographic effects on the structure and items that comprise PWB. Further development of PWB measures is needed to reflect its hierarchical and multi-dimensional nature. In the scales' current form, the construct validation of the PWB factors will continue to be problematic and will fail to adequately evaluate the nature and impact of PWB.

Published
2009
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17. Some Implications of the Psychological Experience of Unemployment

Author

Hoare, P. Nancey and Machin, M. Anthony

Abstract

This paper presents a summary of some of the implications gleaned from a research project which investigated the psychological influences on the experience of unemployment. Drawing from deprivation theory and the stress and coping literature, the research project explored coping resources, cognitive appraisals, coping behaviours, mental health and re-employment. The results highlight the importance of considering a range of factors that could impact on the psychological wellbeing, job search behaviour and re-employment prospects for unemployed individuals. Some of those factors include core self-evaluations, appraisals of deprivation or hardship, and activities that individuals pursue in their spare time. Suggestions are made for intervention strategies that can be tailored to the specific needs of the individual.

Published
2009

18. Surgical collaboratives – here to stay

Author

Ambler, G, Hitchman, L, Benson, R, Birmpili, P, Blair, R, Bosanquet, D, Dattani, N, Dovell, G, Gwilym, B, Hurndall, K, Machin, M, Nandhra, S, Onida, S, Shalhoub, J, Singh, A, and Saratzis, A

Subjects
Surgery, 11 Medical and Health Sciences
Published
2022

19. Maintaining Wellbeing during Unemployment

Author

Hoare, P. Nancey and Machin, M. Anthony

Abstract

A survey of 371 unemployed people in South East Queensland explored whether deprivation of the latent benefits of employment was able to predict psychological distress after controlling for other key correlates. A standard multiple regression found that the latent benefits (time structure, social contact, collective purpose, enforced activity, and status) accounted for a significant 13 per cent of the variance in psychological distress, with time structure being the most important unique predictor. However, after controlling for self-esteem, positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), satisfaction with employment status, employment commitment, and financial strain, the latent benefits did not significantly add to the prediction of distress. The results are discussed in terms of their practical implications for career development. (Contains 3 tables.)

Published
2006

20. Digital smartphone intervention to recognise and manage early warning signs in schizophrenia to prevent relapse: the EMPOWER feasibility cluster RCT

Author

Gumley, AI, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, S, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Maclennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Reilly, F, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, A, Aucott, L, Farhall, J, Gleeson, J, Gumley, AI, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, S, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Maclennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Reilly, F, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, A, Aucott, L, Farhall, J, and Gleeson, J

Abstract

Background: Relapse is a major determinant of outcome for people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Early warning signs frequently precede relapse. A recent Cochrane Review found low-quality evidence to suggest a positive effect of early warning signs interventions on hospitalisation and relapse. Objective: How feasible is a study to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a digital intervention to recognise and promptly manage early warning signs of relapse in schizophrenia with the aim of preventing relapse? Design: A multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group cluster randomised controlled trial involving eight community mental health services, with 12-month follow-up. Settings: Glasgow, UK, and Melbourne, Australia. Participants: Service users were aged > 16 years and had a schizophrenia spectrum disorder with evidence of a relapse within the previous 2 years. Carers were eligible for inclusion if they were nominated by an eligible service user. Interventions: The Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Wellbeing, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) intervention was designed to enable participants to monitor changes in their well-being daily using a mobile phone, blended with peer support. Clinical triage of changes in well-being that were suggestive of early signs of relapse was enabled through an algorithm that triggered a check-in prompt that informed a relapse prevention pathway, if warranted. Main outcome measures: The main outcomes were feasibility of the trial and feasibility, acceptability and usability of the intervention, as well as safety and performance. Candidate co-primary outcomes were relapse and fear of relapse. Results: We recruited 86 service users, of whom 73 were randomised (42 to EMPOWER and 31 to treatment as usual). Primary outcome data were collected for 84% of participants at 12 months. Feasibility data for people using the smartphone application (app) suggested that the app was easy to use an

Published
2022

21. The EMPOWER blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in Scotland and Australia

Author

Gumley, AI, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Aucott, L, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, AR, Farhall, J, Gleeson, J, Gumley, AI, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Aucott, L, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, AR, Farhall, J, and Gleeson, J

Abstract

Background: Early warning signs monitoring by service users with schizophrenia has shown promise in preventing relapse but the quality of evidence is low. We aimed to establish the feasibility of undertaking a definitive randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia. Methods: This multicentre, feasibility, cluster randomised controlled trial aimed to compare Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Well-being, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) with treatment as usual in community mental health services (CMHS) in Glasgow and Melbourne. CMHS were the unit of randomisation, selected on the basis of those that probably had five or more care coordinators willing to participate. Participants were eligible if they were older than 16 years, had a schizophrenia or related diagnosis confirmed via case records, were able to provide informed consent, had contact with CMHS, and had had a relapse within the previous 2 years. Participants were randomised within stratified clusters to EMPOWER or to continue their usual approach to care. EMPOWER blended a smartphone for active monitoring of early warning signs with peer support to promote self-management and clinical triage to promote access to relapse prevention. Main outcomes were feasibility, acceptability, usability, and safety, which was assessed through face-to-face interviews. App usage was assessed via the smartphone and self-report. Primary end point was 12 months. Participants, research assistants and other team members involved in delivering the intervention were not masked to treatment conditions. Assessment of relapse was done by an independent adjudication panel masked to randomisation group. The study is registered at ISRCTN (99559262). Findings: We identified and randomised eight CMHS (six in Glasgow and two in Melbourne) comprising 47 care coordinators. We recruited 86 service users between Jan 19 and Au

Published
2022

22. The EMPOWER blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in Scotland and Australia

Author

Gumley, A, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Aucott, L, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, AR, Farhall, J, Gleeson, J, Gumley, A, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Aucott, L, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Sundram, S, Thompson, A, Williams, C, Yung, AR, Farhall, J, and Gleeson, J

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Early warning signs monitoring by service users with schizophrenia has shown promise in preventing relapse but the quality of evidence is low. We aimed to establish the feasibility of undertaking a definitive randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia. METHODS: This multicentre, feasibility, cluster randomised controlled trial aimed to compare Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Well-being, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) with treatment as usual in community mental health services (CMHS) in Glasgow and Melbourne. CMHS were the unit of randomisation, selected on the basis of those that probably had five or more care coordinators willing to participate. Participants were eligible if they were older than 16 years, had a schizophrenia or related diagnosis confirmed via case records, were able to provide informed consent, had contact with CMHS, and had had a relapse within the previous 2 years. Participants were randomised within stratified clusters to EMPOWER or to continue their usual approach to care. EMPOWER blended a smartphone for active monitoring of early warning signs with peer support to promote self-management and clinical triage to promote access to relapse prevention. Main outcomes were feasibility, acceptability, usability, and safety, which was assessed through face-to-face interviews. App usage was assessed via the smartphone and self-report. Primary end point was 12 months. Participants, research assistants and other team members involved in delivering the intervention were not masked to treatment conditions. Assessment of relapse was done by an independent adjudication panel masked to randomisation group. The study is registered at ISRCTN (99559262). FINDINGS: We identified and randomised eight CMHS (six in Glasgow and two in Melbourne) comprising 47 care coordinators. We recruited 86 service users between Jan 19 and Au

Published
2022

23. A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Legate, N, Nguyen, T, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, A, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, C, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, W, Wilson, J, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, W, Richard, K, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Krizanic, V, Kadreva, V, Adoric, V, Tran, U, Yeung, S, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, M, Lima, T, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, T, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsather, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, T, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, S, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, S, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, S, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbee, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, S, Daches, S, Levine, S, Geniole, S, Akter, S, Vracar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, S, Tshonda, S, Alves, S, Pontinen, S, Solas, S, Ordonez-Riano, S, Ocovaj, S, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Coksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Geiger, S, Modares, S, Walczak, R, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Carcamo, R, Ross, R, Mccarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, E, Ryan, R, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, R, Reips, U, Reggev, N, Calin-Jagema, R, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R, Ribeiro, R, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, P, Perillo, J, Isager, P, Kacmar, P, Macapagal, P, Maniaci, M, Szwed, P, Hanel, P, Forbes, P, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, P, Kacha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, O, Galindo-Caballero, O, Ogbonnaya, C, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, N, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntouma, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, A, Martin, N, Torunsky, N, van Antwerpen, N, Van Doren, N, Sunami, N, Rachev, N, Majeed, N, Schmidt, N, Nadif, K, Corral-Frias, N, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, M, Vasilev, M, Ortiz, M, Butt, M, Kurfali, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, M, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, M, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, M, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, M, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, M, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, M, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Barria, M, Mensink, M, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, M, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovic, M, Ribeiro, M, Terskova, M, Hruska, M, Martoncik, M, Voracek, M, Cadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlova, M, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, M, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, M, Jones, M, Li, M, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, M, Varella, M, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, M, Bradford, M, Vaughn, L, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, J, Pineda, L, Matos, L, Perez, L, Lazarevic, L, Jaremka, L, Smit, E, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, L, Anton-Boicuk, L, Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, C, Micheli, L, Gunton, L, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, L, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, L, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Agesin, B, Koehn, M, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanovic, K, Thommesen, K, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjic, K, Suchow, J, Kielinska, J, Vasquez, J, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, J, Roxas, J, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, J, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, J, Olofsson, J, Vilsmeier, J, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, J, Boudesseul, J, Lee, J, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, J, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, J, Verharen, J, Hristova, E, Beshears, J, Djordjevic, J, Bosch, J, Valentova, J, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, J, Schrotter, J, Urban, J, Roer, J, Norton, J, Silva, J, Pickering, J, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, J, Ndukaihe, I, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, A, Almeida, I, Pit, I, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, A, Ihaya, K, Stephen, I, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, H, Hedgebeth, M, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, G, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, G, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, G, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, F, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Strukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, E, Baskin, E, Garcia, E, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, I, Ahn, E, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, E, Manunta, E, Agadullina, E, Sakan, D, Dursun, P, Dujols, O, Dubrov, D, Willis, M, Tumer, M, Beaudry, J, Popovic, D, Dunleavy, D, Djamai, I, Krupic, D, Herrera, D, Vega, D, Du, H, Mola, D, Chakarova, D, Davis, W, Holford, D, Lewis, D, Vaidis, D, Ozery, D, Ricaurte, D, Storage, D, Sousa, D, Alvarez, D, Boller, D, Dalla Rosa, A, Dimova, D, Marko, D, Moreau, D, Reeck, C, Correia, R, Whitt, C, Lamm, C, Solorzano, C, von Bastian, C, Sutherland, C, Overkott, C, Aberson, C, Wang, C, Niemiec, C, Karashiali, C, Noone, C, Chiu, F, Picciocchi, C, Brownlow, C, Karaarslan, C, Cellini, N, Esteban-Serna, C, Reyna, C, Ferreyra, C, Batres, C, Li, R, Grano, C, Carpentier, J, Tamnes, C, Fu, C, Ishkhanyan, B, Bylinina, L, Jaeger, B, Bundt, C, Allred, T, Vermote, B, Bokkour, A, Bogatyreva, N, Shi, J, Chopik, W, Antazo, B, Behzadnia, B, Becker, M, Bayyat, M, Cocco, B, Chou, W, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Zuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, B, Babincak, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, B, Mokady, A, Kappes, H, Atari, M, Szala, A, Szabelska, A, Aruta, J, Domurat, A, Arinze, N, Modena, A, Adiguzel, A, Monajem, A, El Arabi, K, Ozdogru, A, Rothbaum, A, Torres, A, Theodoropoulou, A, Skowronek, A, Jurkovic, A, Singh, A, Kassianos, A, Findor, A, Hartanto, A, Landry, A, Ferreira, A, Santos, A, De la Rosa-Gomez, A, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Luxon, A, Todsen, A, Karababa, A, Janak, A, Pilato, A, Bran, A, Tullett, A, Kuzminska, A, Krafnick, A, Urooj, A, Khaoudi, A, Ahmed, A, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Askelund, A, Adetula, A, Belaus, A, Charyate, A, Wichman, A, Stoyanova, A, Greenburgh, A, Thomas, A, Arvanitis, A, Forscher, P, Mallik, P, Coles, N, Miller, J, Moshontz, H, Urry, H, Ijzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, D, Ebersole, C, Chartier, C, Buchanan, E, Primbs, M, Nguyen, TV, Zsido, AN, Ceary, CD, Jang, YN, Lin, YJ, Xiao, QY, Jiang, XM, Du, XK, Ryan, WS, Wilson, JP, Collins, WM, Richard, KL, Kadreva, VH, Adoric, VC, Tran, US, Yeung, SK, Machin, MA, Lima, TJS, Sverdrup, TE, Hostler, TJ, von Bormann, SM, Janssen, SMJ, Schulenberg, SE, Drexler, SM, Levine, SL, Geniole, SN, Izquierdo, SM, 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M, Bayyat, M, Cocco, B, Chou, W, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Zuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, B, Babincak, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, B, Mokady, A, Kappes, H, Atari, M, Szala, A, Szabelska, A, Aruta, J, Domurat, A, Arinze, N, Modena, A, Adiguzel, A, Monajem, A, El Arabi, K, Ozdogru, A, Rothbaum, A, Torres, A, Theodoropoulou, A, Skowronek, A, Jurkovic, A, Singh, A, Kassianos, A, Findor, A, Hartanto, A, Landry, A, Ferreira, A, Santos, A, De la Rosa-Gomez, A, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Luxon, A, Todsen, A, Karababa, A, Janak, A, Pilato, A, Bran, A, Tullett, A, Kuzminska, A, Krafnick, A, Urooj, A, Khaoudi, A, Ahmed, A, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Askelund, A, Adetula, A, Belaus, A, Charyate, A, Wichman, A, Stoyanova, A, Greenburgh, A, Thomas, A, Arvanitis, A, Forscher, P, Mallik, P, Coles, N, Miller, J, Moshontz, H, Urry, H, Ijzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, D, Ebersole, C, Chartier, C, Buchanan, E, Primbs, M, Nguyen, TV, Zsido, AN, Ceary, CD, Jang, YN, Lin, YJ, Xiao, QY, Jiang, XM, Du, XK, Ryan, 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Colloff, MF, Vaughn, LA, Lu, JG, Pineda, LMS, Perez, LC, Lazarevic, LB, Jaremka, LM, Smit, ES, Ferguson, LJ, Coelho, GLD, Levitan, CA, Gunton, LA, Delgado, LGJ, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Agesin, BBE, Koehn, MA, Thommesen, KK, Suchow, JW, Vasquez, JEC, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Roxas, JCT, Pavlacic, JM, Soto, JA, Olofsson, JK, Vilsmeier, JK, Moss, JD, Lee, JM, Joy-Gaba, JA, Miranda, JF, Verharen, JPH, Beshears, JE, Djordjevic, JM, Valentova, JV, Berkessel, JB, Roer, JP, Norton, JO, Silva, JR, Pickering, JS, Kunst, JR, Ndukaihe, ILG, Bozdoc, AI, Almeida, IAT, Pit, IL, Arinze, AI, Stephen, ID, Kocalar, HE, Hedgebeth, MV, Travaglino, GA, Marcu, GM, Adetula, GA, Kung, FYH, Bradshaw, EL, Garcia, EOL, van Steenkiste, IMM, Ahn, ER, Jackson, EA, Beaudry, JL, Du, HF, Davis, WE, Holford, DL, Lewis, DMG, Vaidis, DC, Ozery, DH, Ricaurte, DZ, Alvarez, DS, Correia, RC, Whitt, CM, Solorzano, CS, von Bastian, CC, Sutherland, CAM, Aberson, CL, Wang, CH, Niemiec, CP, Li, RR, Tamnes, CK, Fu, CHY, Allred, TB, Vermote, BJ, Shi, JX, Chopik, WJ, Bayyat, MM, Chou, WL, Balci, BB, Dixson, BJW, Kappes, HB, Aruta, JJB, Arinze, NC, El Arabi, KA, Ozdogru, AA, Rothbaum, AO, Torres, AO, Jurkovic, AP, Kassianos, AP, Landry, AT, Santos, AC, Luxon, AM, Todsen, AL, Tullett, AM, Kuzminska, AO, Krafnick, AJ, Askelund, AD, Charyate, AC, Wichman, AL, Thomas, AG, Forscher, PS, Mallik, PR, Coles, NA, Miller, JK, Urry, HL, IJzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, DM, Ebersole, CR, Chartier, CR, Buchanan, EM, and Primbs, MA

Abstract

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This crosscountry, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one's core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people's existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges.

Published
2022

24. Assessing the Antecedents of Transfer Intentions in a Training Context

Author

Machin, M. Anthony and Fogarty, Gerard J.

Abstract

This study examined the underlying structure of transfer climate and those aspects of transfer climate that were related to pre-training self-efficacy, pre-training motivation, and post-training transfer implementation intentions. Positive and negative affectivity (PA and NA) were also measured in order to better understand the relationship of these variables to trainees' perceptions of the transfer climate and the other training-related variables. Transfer climate was best represented by two underlying constructs, although these were correlated. After controlling for PA and NA, none of the transfer climate variables were significantly related to pre-training self-efficacy, while only positive reinforcement was significantly related to pre-training motivation. Pre-training self-efficacy was also a significant predictor of pre-training motivation, even after controlling for PA and NA. Negative affectivity was the only significant predictor of post-training transfer implementation intentions. Further research needs to clarify whether PA and NA are contributors to the trainees' perceptions of the transfer climate or are a product of these perceptions.

Published
2004
Full Text
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26. In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

Author

Dorison, C. A., Lerner, J. S., Heller, B. H., Rothman, A. J., Kawachi, I. I., Wang, K., Rees, V. W., Gill, B. P., Gibbs, N., Ebersole, C. R., Vally, Z., Tajchman, Z., Zsido, A. N., Zrimsek, M., Chen, Z., Ziano, I., Gialitaki, Z., Ceary, C. D., Jang, Y., Lin, Y., Kunisato, Y., Yamada, Y., Xiao, Q., Jiang, X., Du, X., Yao, E., Ryan, W., Wilson, J. P., Cyrus-Lai, W., Jimenez-Leal, W., Law, W., Unanue, W., Collins, W. M., Richard, K. L., Vranka, M., Ankushev, V., Schei, V., DePaola, C., Lerche, V., Kovic, V., Križanić, V., Kadreva, V. H., Adoric, V. C., Tran, U. S., Yeung, S. K., Hassan, W., Houston, R., Machin, M. A., Lima, T. J. S., Ostermann, T., Frizzo, T., Sverdrup, T. E., House, T., Gill, T., Fedotov, M., Paltrow, T., Jernsäther, T., Rahman, T., Machin, T., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M., Hostler, T. J., Ishii, T., Szaszi, B., Adamus, S., Suter, L., von Bormann, S. M., Habib, S., Studzinska, A., Stojanovska, D., Janssen, S. M. J., Stieger, S., Schulenberg, S. E., Tatachari, S., Azouaghe, S., Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Song, X., Morbée, S., Lewis, S. C., Sinkolova, S., Grigoryev, D., Drexler, S. M., Daches, S., Levine, S. L., Geniole, S. N., Akter, S., Vračar, S., Massoni, S., Costa, S., Zorjan, S., Sarıoğuz, E., Morales Izquierdo, S., Tshonda, S. S., Alves, S. G., Pöntinen, S., Álvarez Solas, S., Ordoñez-Riaño, S., Batić Očovaj, S., Onie, S., Lins, S., Biberauer, T., Çoksan, S., Khumkom, S., Sacakli, A., Ruiz-Fernández, S., Geiger, S. J., FatahModares, S., Walczak, R. B., Betlehem, R., Vilar, R., Doekemeijer, R., Cárcamo, R., Ross, R. M., McCarthy, R., Ballantyne, T., Westgate, E. C., Gargurevich, R., Afhami, R., Ren, D., Monteiro, R. P., Reips, U-D., Reggev, N., Calin-Jageman, R. J., Pourafshari, R., London, R., Oliveira, R., Nedelcheva-Datsova, M., Rahal, R-M., Ribeiro, R. R., Radtke, T., Searston, R., Jai-ai, R., Habte, R., Zdybek, P., Chen, S-C., Wajanatinapart, P., Maturan, P. L. G., Perillo, J. T., Isager, P. M., Kačmár, P., Macapagal, P. M., Maniaci, M. R., Szwed, P., Hanel, P. H. P., Forbes, P. A. G., Arriaga, P., Paris, B., Parashar, N., Papachristopoulos, K., Sebastián-Correa, P., Kácha, O., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., Niño Bravo, O., Galindo-Caballero, O. J., Ogbonnaya, C. E., Bialobrzeska, O., Kiselnikova, N., Simonovic, N., Cohen, N., Nock, N. L., Hernandez, A., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Ntoumanis, N., Johannes, N., Albayrak-Aydemir, N., Say, N., Neubauer, A. B., Martin, N. I., Torunsky, N., van Antwerpen, N., Van Doren, N., Sunami, N., Rachev, N. R., Majeed, N. M., Schmidt, N-D., Nadif, K., Corral-Frías, N. S., Ouherrou, N., Abbas, N., Pantazi, M., Lucas, M. Y., Vasilev, Martin R., Ortiz, M. V., Butt, M. M., Kurfali, M., Kabir, M., Muda, R., Tejada Rivera, M. C., Sirota, M., Seehuus, M., Parzuchowski, M., Toro, M., Hricova, M., Alarcón Maldonado, M., Rentzelas, P., Vansteenkiste, M., Metz, M. A., Marszalek, M., Karekla, M., Mioni, G., Bosma, M. J., Westerlund, M., Vdovic, M., Bialek, M., Silan, M. A., Anne, M., Misiak, M., Gugliandolo, M. C., Grinberg, M., Capizzi, M., Espinoza Barría, M. F., Kurfali, M. A., Mensink, M. C., Harutyunyan, M., Khosla, M., Dunn, M. R., Korbmacher, M., Adamkovič, M., Ribeiro, M. F. F., Terskova, M., Hruška, M., Martončik, M., Jansen, M., Voracek, M., Čadek, M., Frias-Armenta, M., Kowal, M., Topor, M., Roczniewska, M., Oosterlinck, M., Braun Kohlová, M., Paruzel-Czachura, M., Sabristov, M., Romanova, M., Papadatou-Pastou, M., Lund, M. L., Antoniadi, M., Magrin, M. E., Jones, M. V., Ortiz, M. S., Manavalan, M., Muminov, A., Kossowska, M., Friedemann, M., Wielgus, M., van Hooff, M. L. M., Varella, M. A. C., Standage, M., Nicolotti, M., Colloff, M. F., Bradford, M., Vaughn, L. A., Eudave, L., Vieira, L., Sanabria Pineda, L. M., Matos, L., Calderón Pérez, L., Lazarevic, L. B., Jaremka, L. M., Smit, E. S., Kushnir, E., Ferguson, L. J., Anton-Boicuk, L., Lins de Holanda Coelho, G., Ahlgren, L., Liga, F., Levitan, C. A., Micheli, L., Gunton, L-A., Volz, L., Stojanovska, M., Boucher, L., Samojlenko, L., Javela Delgado, L. G., Kaliska, L., Labadi, B., Warmelink, L., Rojas-Berscia, L. M., Yu, K., Wylie, K., Wachowicz, J., Desai, K., Barzykowski, K., Kozma, L., Evans, K., Kirgizova, K., Agesin, B. E., Koehn, M. A., Wolfe, K., Korobova, T., Morris, K., Klevjer, K., van Schie, K., Vezirian, K., Damnjanović, K., Krabbe Thommesen, K., Schmidt, K., Filip, K., Staniaszek, K., Grzech, K., Hoyer, K., Moon, K., Khaobunmasiri, S., Rana, K., Janjić, K., Suchow, J. W., Kielińska, J., Cruz Vásquez, J. E., Chanal, J., Beitner, J., Vargas-Nieto, J. C., Roxas, J. C. T., Taber, J., Urriago-Rayo, J., Pavlacic, J. M., Benka, J., Bavolar, J., Soto, J. A., Olofsson, J. K., Vilsmeier, J. K., Messerschmidt, J., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Waterschoot, J., Moss, J. D., Boudesseul, J., Lee, J. M., Kamburidis, J., Joy-Gaba, J. A., Zickfeld, J., Miranda, J. F., Verharen, J. P. H., Hristova, E., Beshears, J. E., Đorđević, J. M., Bosch, J., Valentova, J. V., Antfolk, J., Berkessel, J. B., Schrötter, J., Urban, J., Röer, J. P., Norton, J. O., Silva, J. R., Pickering, J. S., Vintr, J., Uttley, J., Kunst, J. R., Ndukaihe, I. L. G., Iyer, A., Vilares, I., Ivanov, A., Ropovik, I., Sula, I., Sarieva, I., Metin-Orta, I., Prusova, I., Pinto, I., Bozdoc, A. I., Almeida, I. A. T., Pit, I. L., Dalgar, I., Zakharov, I., Arinze, A. I., Ihaya, K., Stephen, I. D., Gjoneska, B., Brohmer, H., Flowe, H., Godbersen, H., Kocalar, H. E., Hedgebeth, M. V., Chuan-Peng, H., Sharifian, M. H., Manley, H., Akkas, H., Hajdu, N., Azab, H., Kaminski, G., Nilsonne, G., Anjum, G., Travaglino, G. A., Feldman, G., Pfuhl, G., Czarnek, G., Marcu, G. M., Hofer, G., Banik, G., Adetula, G. A., Bijlstra, G., Verbruggen, F., Kung, F. Y. H., Martela, F., Foroni, F., Forest, J., Singer, G., Muchembled, F., Azevedo, F., Mosannenzadeh, F., Marinova, E., Štrukelj, E., Etebari, Z., Baskin, E., Garcia, E. O. L., Musser, E., van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Bradshaw, E. L., Ahn, E. R., Quested, E., Pronizius, E., Jackson, E. A., Manunta, E., Agadullina, E., Šakan, D., Dursun, P., Dujols, O., Dubrov, D., Willis, M., Tümer, M., Beaudry, J. L., Popović, D., Dunleavy, D., Djamai, I., Krupić, D., Herrera, D., Vega, D., Du, H., Mola, D., Chakarova, D., Davis, W. E., Holford, D. L., Lewis, D. M. G., Vaidis, D. C., Hausman Ozery, D., Zambrano Ricaurte, D., Storage, D., Sousa, D., Serrato Alvarez, D., Boller, D., Dalla Rosa, A., Dimova, D., Marko, D., Moreau, D., Reeck, C., Correia, R. C., Whitt, C. M., Lamm, C., Singh Solorzano, C., von Bastian, C.C., Sutherland, C. A. M., Overkott, C., Aberson, C. L., Wang, C., Niemiec, C. P., Reimer, C., Karashiali, C., Noone, C., Chiu, F., Picciocchi, C., Eben, C., Brownlow, C., Karaarslan, C., Cellini, N., Esteban-Serna, C., Reyna, C., Ferreyra, C., Batres, C., Li, R., Grano, C., Carpentier, J., Tamnes, C. K., Fu, C. H. Y., Ishkhanyan, B., Bylinina, L., Jaeger, B., Bundt, C., Bulut Allred, T., Vermote, B. J., Bokkour, A., Bogatyreva, N., Shi, J., Chopik, W. J., Antazo, B., Becker, M., Bayyat, M. M., Cocco, B., Chou, W-L., Barkoukis, V., Aczel, B., Baklanova, E., Bai, H., Balci, B. B., Babinčák, P., Soenens, B., Dixson, B. J. W., Mokady, A., Kappes, H. B., Atari, M., Szala, A., Szabelska, A., Aruta, J. J. B., Domurat, A., Arinze, N. C., Modena, A., Adiguzel, A., Monajem, A., El Arabi, K. A., Özdoğru, A. A., Rothbaum, A. O., Torres, A. J. O., Theodoropoulou, A., Skowronek, A., Jurković, A. P., Singh, A., Kassianos, A. P., Findor, A., Hartanto, A., Thibault Landry, A., Ferreira, A., Caetano Santos, A., De la Rosa-Gomez, A., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A., Luxon, A. M., Todsen, A. L., Karababa, A., Janak, A., Pilato, A., Bran, A., Tullett, A. M., Kuzminska, A. O., Krafnick, A. J., Urooj, A., Khaoudi, A., Ahmed, A., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Askelund, A. D., Adetula, A., Belaus, A., Charyate, A. C., Wichman, A. L., Stoyanova, A., Greenburgh, A., Thomas, A. G., Arvanitis, A., Forscher, P. S., Mallik, P. R., Primbs, M. A., Miller, J. K., Moshontz, H., Urry, H. L., IJzerman, H., Basnight-Brown, D. M., Chartier, C. R., Buchanan, E. M., Coles, N. A., MÜ, Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Organizational Psychology, Jernsäther, Teodor [0000-0002-7030-3299], Tatachari, Srinivasan [0000-0003-1838-2361], Geiger, Sandra J [0000-0002-3262-5609], Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa [0000-0001-5271-111X], Varella, Marco A C [0000-0002-7274-7360], Stephen, Ian D [0000-0001-9714-8295], Kaminski, Gwenael [0000-0001-5300-5655], Bai, Hui [0000-0003-2671-5955], Coles, Nicholas A [0000-0001-8583-5610], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Center Ph. D. Students, Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, and Medical and Clinical Psychology

Subjects
Nudges, Behaviour Change and Well-being, ddc:150, 230 Affective Neuroscience, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, message framing, anxiety, nudges, COVID-19, Message framing, General Medicine, Anxiety
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 284232.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., "If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others") or potential gains (e.g., "If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others")? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions. 26 p.

Published
2022
Full Text
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27. Predicting Occupational Strain and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Stress, Coping, Personality, and Affectivity Variables.

Author

Fogarty, Gerard J., Machin, M. Anthony, Albion, Majella J., Sutherland, Lynette F., Lalor, Gabrielle I., and Revitt, Susan

Abstract

Two studies showed that positive and negative affectivity influenced occupational stress, role strain, and coping. Study 3 added job satisfaction to the model, strengthening its predictive validity. Study 4's addition of personality measures did not improve prediction of job satisfaction and strain. (SK)

Published
1999

29. Methods of computational topology for the analysis of dynamics of active regions of the sun

Author

Makarenko, N., Malkova, D., Machin, M., Knyazeva, I., and Makarenko, I.

Subjects
Radiation, Background -- Methods, Magnetic fields -- Methods, Mathematics
Abstract

The aim of this work is to diagnose pre-flare dynamics of magnetic fields in the active regions of the Sun on the HMI SDO magnetograms. We use a tool based on the methods of the geometry of random fields and computational topology. The results show that the proposed formalism allows one to find some precursors of major flares for practically significant time slots., UDC 523.98 1. Introduction Large solar flares are the most dramatic events in the evolution of the sunspot magnetic fields. The energy of such a flare reaches [10.sup.32] erg and [...]

Published
2014
Full Text
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38. The impact of reemployment on access to the latent and manifest benefits of employment and mental health

Author

Hoare, P. Nancey and Machin, M. Anthony

Subjects
Employment -- Psychological aspects, Unemployed workers -- Psychological aspects, Unemployed workers -- Health aspects, Unemployed workers -- Surveys, Human resources and labor relations, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Comparison of the results of two surveys taken six months apart of unemployed people reveal that those who were reemployed in the second period have significantly better mental health and have more access to social contact. No changes were observed for those who remained unemployed which suggests the strong positive effect of reemployment.

Published
2010

41. Adopting a model-based approach for satellite operations' diagnosis

Author

Nikolena Christofi, Claude Baron, Pucel, X., Marc Pantel, Machin, M., Ducamp, C., Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Équipe Ingénierie Système et Intégration (LAAS-ISI), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire QUARTZ (QUARTZ ), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-SUPMECA - Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris (SUPMECA)-Ecole Internationale des Sciences du Traitement de l'Information (EISTI), ONERA, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), APSYS (Blagnac), Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Christofi, Nikolena, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
safety, satellites, MBSE, model- based engineering, operational diagnosis, space systems, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, MBSA, system engineering, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, operations, [INFO.INFO-ES] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract

International audience; The diagnosis procedure in satellite operations is constrained by strict time limits. If a failure occurs, operators must be efficient and proactive, as diagnosis must be completed within the smallest number of visibility windows (pass duration over the ground station which are usually very short and separated by long periods where the ground cannot communicate with the satellite). Improving the diagnosis procedure and tools, time and precision-wise, is therefore essential. The proposal presented in this position paper is to provide the operators with operation-dedicated models to help them in reacting quickly and in finding a suitable repair solution as fast as possible. These models will gather system architecture, functional and dysfunctional data taken from system engineering and safety analysis models. The paper presents the framework of the proposed solution and discusses different implementation options.

Published
2020

42. Early signs monitoring to prevent relapse in psychosis and promote well-being, engagement, and recovery: Protocol for a feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial harnessing mobile phone technology blended with peer support

Author

Gumley, A., Bradstreet, S., Ainsworth, J., Allan, S., Alvarez-Jimenez, M., Beattie, L., Bell, I., Birchwood, M., Briggs, A., Bucci, S., Castagnini, E., Clark, A., Cotton, S.M., Engel, Lidia, French, P., Lederman, R., Lewis, S., Machin, M., MacLennan, G., Matrunola, C., McLeod, H., McMeekin, N., Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Morton, E., Norrie, J., Reilly, F., Schwannauer, M., Singh, S.P., Smith, L., Sundram, S., Thomson, D., Thompson, A., Whitehill, H., Wilson-Kay, A., Williams, C., Yung, A., Farhall, J., Gleeson, J., Gumley, A., Bradstreet, S., Ainsworth, J., Allan, S., Alvarez-Jimenez, M., Beattie, L., Bell, I., Birchwood, M., Briggs, A., Bucci, S., Castagnini, E., Clark, A., Cotton, S.M., Engel, Lidia, French, P., Lederman, R., Lewis, S., Machin, M., MacLennan, G., Matrunola, C., McLeod, H., McMeekin, N., Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Morton, E., Norrie, J., Reilly, F., Schwannauer, M., Singh, S.P., Smith, L., Sundram, S., Thomson, D., Thompson, A., Whitehill, H., Wilson-Kay, A., Williams, C., Yung, A., Farhall, J., and Gleeson, J.

Abstract

Background Relapse in schizophrenia is a major cause of distress and disability and is predicted by changes in symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and suspiciousness (early warning signs [EWSs]). These can be used as the basis for timely interventions to prevent relapse. However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the implementation of EWS interventions. Objective This study was designed to establish the feasibility of conducting a definitive cluster randomized controlled trial comparing Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Well-being, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) against treatment as usual (TAU). Our primary outcomes are establishing parameters of feasibility, acceptability, usability, safety, and outcome signals of a digital health intervention as an adjunct to usual care that is deliverable in the UK National Health Service and Australian community mental health service (CMHS) settings. We will assess the feasibility of candidate primary outcomes, candidate secondary outcomes, and candidate mechanisms for a definitive trial. Methods We will randomize CMHSs to EMPOWER or TAU. We aim to recruit up to 120 service user participants from 8 CMHSs and follow them for 12 months. Eligible service users will (1) be aged 16 years and above, (2) be in contact with local CMHSs, (3) have either been admitted to a psychiatric inpatient service or received crisis intervention at least once in the previous 2 years for a relapse, and (4) have an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of a schizophrenia-related disorder. Service users will also be invited to nominate a carer to participate. We will identify the feasibility of the main trial in terms of recruitment and retention to the study and the acceptability, usability, safety, and outcome signal

Published
2020

43. Early Signs Monitoring to Prevent Relapse in Psychosis and Promote Well-Being, Engagement, and Recovery: Protocol for a Feasibility Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Harnessing Mobile Phone Technology Blended With Peer Support

Author

Gumley, A, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Beattie, L, Bell, I, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Castagnini, E, Clark, A, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, Matrunola, C, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Reilly, F, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Smith, L, Sundram, S, Thomson, D, Thompson, A, Whitehill, H, Wilson-Kay, A, Williams, C, Yung, A, Farhall, J, Gleeson, J, Gumley, A, Bradstreet, S, Ainsworth, J, Allan, S, Alvarez-Jimenez, M, Beattie, L, Bell, I, Birchwood, M, Briggs, A, Bucci, S, Castagnini, E, Clark, A, Cotton, SM, Engel, L, French, P, Lederman, R, Lewis, S, Machin, M, MacLennan, G, Matrunola, C, McLeod, H, McMeekin, N, Mihalopoulos, C, Morton, E, Norrie, J, Reilly, F, Schwannauer, M, Singh, SP, Smith, L, Sundram, S, Thomson, D, Thompson, A, Whitehill, H, Wilson-Kay, A, Williams, C, Yung, A, Farhall, J, and Gleeson, J

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Relapse in schizophrenia is a major cause of distress and disability and is predicted by changes in symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and suspiciousness (early warning signs [EWSs]). These can be used as the basis for timely interventions to prevent relapse. However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the implementation of EWS interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to establish the feasibility of conducting a definitive cluster randomized controlled trial comparing Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Well-being, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) against treatment as usual (TAU). Our primary outcomes are establishing parameters of feasibility, acceptability, usability, safety, and outcome signals of a digital health intervention as an adjunct to usual care that is deliverable in the UK National Health Service and Australian community mental health service (CMHS) settings. We will assess the feasibility of candidate primary outcomes, candidate secondary outcomes, and candidate mechanisms for a definitive trial. METHODS: We will randomize CMHSs to EMPOWER or TAU. We aim to recruit up to 120 service user participants from 8 CMHSs and follow them for 12 months. Eligible service users will (1) be aged 16 years and above, (2) be in contact with local CMHSs, (3) have either been admitted to a psychiatric inpatient service or received crisis intervention at least once in the previous 2 years for a relapse, and (4) have an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of a schizophrenia-related disorder. Service users will also be invited to nominate a carer to participate. We will identify the feasibility of the main trial in terms of recruitment and retention to the study and the acceptability, usability, safety, and outcome signals of the EMPOWER intervention. EMPOWER is a mobile phone app that enables the monitoring of well-being and possible EWSs of relapse on a daily basis. An algorithm calculat

Published
2020

44. Perspectives of patients, carers and mental health staff on early warning signs of relapse in psychosis: a qualitative investigation

Author

Allan, S, Bradstreet, S, McLeod, HJ, Gleeson, J, Farhall, J, Lambrou, M, Clark, A, Gumley, A, Ainsworth, J, Bucci, S, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Yung, A, AlvarezJiminez, M, Cotton, S, Lederman, R, Birchwood, M, Singh, S, Thompson, A, Briggs, A, Williams, C, French, P, MacLennan, G, Mihalopolous, C, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Reilly, F, Smith, L, Sundram, S, Allan, S, Bradstreet, S, McLeod, HJ, Gleeson, J, Farhall, J, Lambrou, M, Clark, A, Gumley, A, Ainsworth, J, Bucci, S, Lewis, S, Machin, M, Yung, A, AlvarezJiminez, M, Cotton, S, Lederman, R, Birchwood, M, Singh, S, Thompson, A, Briggs, A, Williams, C, French, P, MacLennan, G, Mihalopolous, C, Norrie, J, Schwannauer, M, Reilly, F, Smith, L, and Sundram, S

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Relapse prevention strategies based on monitoring of early warning signs (EWS) are advocated for the management of psychosis. However, there has been a lack of research exploring how staff, carers and patients make sense of the utility of EWS, or how these are implemented in context. AIMS: To develop a multiperspective theory of how EWS are understood and used, which is grounded in the experiences of mental health staff, carers and patients. METHOD: Twenty-five focus groups were held across Glasgow and Melbourne (EMPOWER Trial, ISRCTN: 99559262). Participants comprised 88 mental health staff, 21 patients and 40 carers from UK and Australia (total n = 149). Data were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. RESULTS: All participants appeared to recognise EWS and acknowledged the importance of responding to EWS to support relapse prevention. However, recognition of and acting on EWS were constructed in a context of uncertainty, which appeared linked to risk appraisals that were dependent on distinct stakeholder roles and experiences. Within current relapse management, a process of weighted decision-making (where one factor was seen as more important than others) described how stakeholders weighed up the risks and consequences of relapse alongside the risks and consequences of intervention and help-seeking. CONCLUSIONS: Mental health staff, carers and patients speak about using EWS within a weighted decision-making process, which is acted out in the context of relationships that exist in current relapse management, rather than an objective response to specific signs and symptoms.

Published
2020

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