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Hepatozoon parasites comprise intracellular apicomplexan parasites transmitted to vertebrate animals by ingestion of arthropods definitive hosts. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of Hepatozoon spp. in wild animals, domestic dogs and their respective ectoparasites, in southern Pantanal region, central-western Brazil, by molecular techniques. Between August 2013 and March 2015, 31 coatis (Nasua nasua), 78 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous), seven ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), 42 dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), 110 wild rodents (77 Thichomys fosteri, 25 Oecomys mamorae, and 8 Clyomys laticeps), 30 marsupials (14 Thylamys macrurus, 11 Gracilinanus agilis, 4 Monodelphis domestica and 1 Didelphis albiventris), and 1582 ticks and 80 fleas collected from the sampled animals were investigated. DNA samples were submitted to PCR assays for Hepatozoon spp. targeting 18S rRNA gene. Purified amplicons were directly sequenced and submitted to phylogenetic analysis. A high prevalence of Hepatozoon among carnivores (C. thous [91.02%], dogs [45.23%], N. nasua [41.9%] and L. pardalis [71.4%]) was found. However, ticks and fleas were negative to Hepatozoon PCR assays. By phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rRNA sequences, Hepatozoon sequences amplified from crab-eating foxes, dogs, coatis and ocelots clustered with sequences of H. canis, H. americanum and H. felis. The closely related positioning of Hepatozoon sequences amplified from wild rodents and T. macrurus marsupial to Hepatozoon from reptiles and amphibians suggest a possible transmission of those Hepatozoon species between hosts by ectoparasites or by predation. Hepatozoon haplotypes found circulating in wild rodents seem to present a higher degree of polymorphism when compared to those found in other groups of animals. Although rodents seem not to participate as source of Hepatozoon infection to wild carnivores and domestic dogs, they may play an important role in the transmission of Hepatozoon to reptiles and amphibians in Pantanal biome. Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-06T23:41:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MoleculardetectionofHepatozoonspp.indomesticdogsandwild.pdf: 1982451 bytes, checksum: 8c94a1fa32b0477e017458b0c0278398 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-06

Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-10T00:39:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OJVM2016052415273391.pdf: 813165 bytes, checksum: d09c6f5a1b606ff5cd222ce5b73d1519 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016

Munhoz A.D., Bandarra M.B., Vasconcelos R.O., Mineo T.W.P. & Machado R.Z. Use of embryonated egg membranes in the standardization of immunohistochemistry protocols for Toxoplasma gondii. [Utilização de membranas de ovos embrionados na padronização de protocolos de imunohistoquímica de Toxoplasma gondii.] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária 36(4):401-404, 2014. Departamento de Patologia Animal, Universidade Estadual Julio Mesquita Filho, Unesp/Jaboticabal, Rod. Paulo Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, SP 14884-900, Brazil. E-mail: zacarias@fcav.unesp.br The chorioallantoic membranes of embryonated eggs can be used in the standardization of immunohistochemistry (IHC) protocols to detect Toxoplasma gondii antigens. On the 10th day of embryogenesis, four groups received, respectively, 1x104 , 1x105 , 5x105 and 1x106 T. gondii tachyzoites (RH strain)/ 100 µL, and a control group received PBS (pH 7.2). Three forms of heat induced antigen retrieval were employed (double boiler, electric cooker and Pascal pressure chamber) in the IHC. A diffuse distribution of the parasite was observed in the IHC of all infected groups. The results of the various antigen retrievals were similar for all slides, with no differences demonstrated as to the retrieval forms applied. The use of membranes as positive controls in IHC reactions for T. gondii provides parasite-rich material that is easy to prepare and shows quick results, making it a useful tool in the standardization of protocols for this purpose. O uso de membranas corioalantóides de ovos embrionados pode ser utilizado na padronização de protocolos de Imunohistoquímica (IHQ) na detecção de antígenos de Toxoplasma gondii. No 10º dia de embriogênese quatro grupos receberam, respectivamente 1x104 , 1x105 , 5x105 e 1x106 taquizoítos de T. gondii (cepa RH)/ 100 µL e um grupo controle recebeu PBS (pH 7,2). Utilizaram-se três formas de recuperação antigênica pelo calor (banho maria, panela elétrica de cozimento e câmara de Pressão Pascal) na IHQ. Na IHQ de todos os grupos infectados observou-se uma distribuição difusa do parasito. O resultado das diferentes recuperações antigênicas foi similar em todas as lâminas, não demonstrando diferenças quanto às formas de recuperação utilizadas. A utilização de membranas como controle positivo em reações de IHQ para T. gondii, em qualquer uma das concentrações de parasito utilizados neste trabalho, fornece um material rico em parasito, de fácil preparo e rápido resultado, tornando-se uma ferramenta útil na padronização de protocolos para este fim.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar o desempenho da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) e da PCR em tempo real (qPCR) para diagnóstico da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) utilizando diferentes amostras biológicas. Para tanto foram utilizados 35 cães provenientes de uma área endêmica para LVC, onde foram utilizados para o diagnóstico molecular, aspirado de medula óssea, fragmentos de linfonodo e baço. Neste estudo a qPCR foi capaz de detectar um maior número de animais positivos quando comparada com a PCR. Já entre as diferentes amostras biológicas utilizadas não foi observada diferença significativa na detecção de DNA de L. infantum chagasi por meio da PCR e qPCR. Mesmo assim, considerando a facilidade de obtenção, o linfonodo pode ser considerada como a melhor amostra para diagnóstico molecular da infecção por L. infantum chagasi.

This study compared the usefulness of in vitro culture, PCR, and nested PCR for the diagnosis of Theileria equi in horses submitted to stress during exercise. Blood samples from 15 apparently healthy horses, previously conditioned to a high-speed equine treadmill, were taken prior to and after exercise. The animals were divided into two experimental groups: 30-day training schedule (G1) and 90-day training schedule (G2). Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test and kappa statistic was used in order to assess agreement. No significant difference was observed between samples collected at resting or after exercise. In G1, merozoites of T. equi were detected in the blood smears of four horses before in vitro culture, whereas 14 samples were positive, confirmed by culture. In G2, five and 11 horses were positive before and after culture, respectively. No PCR amplified product was observed in any of the tested animals although the PCR system based on the 16S rRNA gene of T. equi detected DNA in blood with an equivalent 8x10-5% parasitaemia. The nested PCR based on the T. equi merozoite antigen gene (EMA-1) allowed the visualization of amplified products in all the horses. Therefore, nested PCR should be considered as a means of detection of sub-clinical T. equi infections and in vitro culture could be used as a complement to other methods of diagnosis.

A cor do hilo é uma característica importante tanto na descrição de uma cultivar pelo melhorista quanto na detecção de misturas em laboratórios de análise de semente. É comum observar variações na cor do hilo por influências ambientais em cultivares de soja. Temperaturas altas associadas ou não à ocorrência de veranicos, durante a fase de desenvolvimento da semente, contribuem para alterar a coloração típica do hilo. Nos últimos anos, foram verificadas variações na cor dos hilo das cvs BRS Carla, BRS Celeste, Embrapa 20 (DOKO RC) e BRS Gralha. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de observar as diferenças entre as cultivares BRSMS Taquari e BRSGO Santa Cruz. Foram avaliadas 80 plantas de cada cultivar, originadas de parcelas instaladas na Embrapa Cerrados, na safra 2002/2003. As sementes foram colhidas manualmente, planta por planta, separando-as em terços superior, médio e inferior. Foram determinados os percentuais de variação da cor do hilo, em cada parte da planta. Observou-se a ocorrência de variação na cor do hilo nas cultivares avaliadas. A maior variação ocorreu no terço inferior das plantas, tanto na 'Santa Cruz', como na 'Taquari', diferente do observado em trabalho realizado anteriormente, onde as maiores variações foram observadas no terço superior. A maior percentagem de ocorrência de variação na cor do hilo foi observada na 'Taquari', na qual também foram verificadas sementes com hilos de coloração mais clara quando comparadas às da cv. 'Santa Cruz'. Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-06T05:22:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 id221060001.pdf: 487810 bytes, checksum: fbac1328476aac029c75ffb5618b111d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-10-09 Edição dos Resumos do XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Sementes, Gramado, RS, set. 2003.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:55:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-01-01 Near Infrared (NIR) Raman Spectroscopy has been study for the last years for many biomedical applications. It is a powerful tool for biological materials analysis. Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis in public health, being the cats the principal responsible for the transmission of the disease in Brazil. The objective of this work is to investigate a new method of diagnosis of this disease. NIR Raman Spectroscopy was used to detect anti Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in blood sera from domestic cats, without sample preparation. In all, six blood serum samples were used for this study. A previous serological test was done by the Indirect Immunoenzymatic Assay (ELISA) to permit a comparative study between both techniques and it showed that three serum samples were positive and the other three were negative to toxoplasmosis. Raman spectra were taken for all the samples and analyzed by using the Principal Components Analysis (PCA). A diagnosis parameter was defined from the analysis of the second and third principal components of the Raman spectra. It was found that this parameter can detect the infection level of the animal. The results have indicated that NIR Raman Spectroscopy, associated to the PCA can be a promising technique for serological analysis, such as toxoplasmosis, allowing a fast and sensitive method of diagnosis. Inst. De Pesquisa E Desenvolvimento Universidade Do Vale Do Paraiba, Av. Shishima hifumi 2911, 12244-000 São josé dos campos, SP Depto. Patologia Veterinária - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Carlos Tonnani-km 5, 14870-000, Jaboticabal, SP Depto. Patologia Veterinária - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Carlos Tonnani-km 5, 14870-000, Jaboticabal, SP

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:54:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1994-01-01 1.We describe the isolation of viable merozoites from erythrocytes infected with Babesia bovis or Babesia bigemina organisms by ammonium chloride lysis. 2. Parasite morphology was examined by both light and transmission electron microscopy. Erythrocyte-free parasites maintain their viability and infectivity, retain their antigenicity and are suitable for use in the indirect fluorescent antibody assay. Departamento de Patologia Veterinária Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP SP Departamento de Patologia Veterinária Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP SP

This study describes an application of Neural Networks for transmission errors identification and correction in binary messages. The network is used as a classifier of detected hydro-acoustic signals into one of a possible alphabet of symbols. The algorithm used is a Hamming-type Neural Networks classifier associated with the transmission of a Hamming code. This system can detect and correct all transmission errors if the number of errors is less than or equal to half the Hamming distance between transmitted symbols minus one. Symbols to be transmitted are chosen and associated to messages, assuring that bit to bit non similarities result on the prescribed Hamming distance. The autoassociative error correcting scheme can be used to generate a teaching signal to a supervised learning equalizer tracking the channel non-stationary characteristics. The proposed system is intended for in hydro-acoustic communication applications, and it is currently undergoing sea tests.