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The Aussie Current (AC) is a medium frequency electrical current of 1 and 4 kHz modulated in bursts used to reduce pain, increase muscle strength and produce torque in adults. However, there is still no consensus on these effects. To systematically review available evidence on the effects of AC on pain, muscle strength, torque, comfort and functionality in adults. This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. A search was carried out in the Lilacs, Scielo, Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed and PEDro databases, from 10/2021 to 02/2022. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials that investigated the effects of the application of AC were selected. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias in the studies using the JADAD scale. The quality of the evidence of some outcomes was assessed using the GRADE system of rating The selected studies used AC as intervention and presented pain, muscle strength, torque, comfort and/or functionality as outcomes. 21 studies (590 participants) were included. 14 articles were classified as low quality and 7 as high quality. The quality of the evidence was moderate. The effects of AC on the studied outcomes are still controversial. As for the consensus regarding the chosen frequency, 80,9% (n = 17) of the studies used the frequency of 1 kHz. Although it was verified that the frequency of 1 kHz is the most used, the studies that address AC are scarce and with methodological diversity, which makes it difficult to assess the effectiveness of this current. Thus, we suggest that further studies should be carried out to elucidate the effects of AC on pain, muscle strength and torque production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the marginal and internal misfit of fixed partial denture zirconia frameworks developed from conventional impression and intraoral scanning, before and after being subjected to the thermal cycle of the covering ceramic. Methods: A three-elements fixed partial denture was prepared, molded, and poured with polyurethane. Group CI (n= 7) was impressed by the conventional technique with polyvinyl siloxane material, and the plaster models scanned on the inEosX5 bench scanner. Group DI (n=07) was scanned using the CEREC Bluecam intraoral scanner. The models and images obtained were sent to the laboratory and the frameworks were made using zirconia blocks. After this, they were subjected to the ceramic thermal cycle, simulating the ceramic application. Marginal and internal misfits of the frameworks were measured before (Tl) and after (T2) thermal cycle simulation using the replica technique in an optical microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using the mixed effects of linear model tests and comparisons. Results: There were no statistical differences for axial misfit. Significant differences were found between the groups for occlusal, vertical, horizontal, and absolute misfit, where group CI had higher values than group Dl (P< 0.001). At the time, there was a statistical difference only in the absolute misfit, where Tl had lower values than T2. The misfit in group CI was greater than in group DI; however, the average misfit values found are low and considered clinically acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26694/2238-7234.8esp29-33 Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência da atividade educativa dirigida aos usuários diabéticos, com sensibilização para o autocuidado em relação à alimentação saudável. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, realizado em fevereiro de 2018, no município de Monsenhor Hipólito-PI. A atividade foi desenvolvida sob a forma de uma roda de conversa, conduzida pela nutricionista e pela enfermeira. Os pacientes foram incentivados a levar os alimentos e a falar como consumiam e se estavam ideais para eles. Após a fala de cada paciente, a nutricionista orientava quanto as propriedade dos alimentos e seus benefícios e malefícios ao ingerí-los. Resultados: Foi um momento enriquecedor e de troca de conhecimentos para profissionais e usuários participantes, que proporcionou interação e descontração entre os mesmos. Foi importante para os profissionais conhecer a realidade dos usuários e, então, poder intervir de forma efetiva e assim promover mudanças conscientes no autocuidado. Considerações Finais: Mais importante que cumprir agenda de atividades educativas, é fazer o usuário participar efetivamente destas, transformar seu conhecimento e ser corresponsável pela promoção da sua saúde. Assim, conclui-se que a forma como a atividade é realizada influencia diretamente na participação e no conhecimento produzido entre profissionais...

SARS-COV2 or COVID-19 disease is an infectious illness that emerged for the first time at the end of 2019, in Wuhan, China and rapidly turned out to be an international pandemic with deleterious effects all over the world. In March 2021, A. Macedo et al., has published the first meta-analysis of hospital mortality, so the authors decided to update those data at a time of emergence of new therapies and increasing vaccination rates. As the outcome of interest was the mortality in hospitalized general patients, the authors looked for articles evaluating the clinical characteristics of those patients, consulting PUBMED (The US National Library of Medicine) and EMBASE (Medical database) in an independent selection using predefined terms of search. A meta-analysis random-effect model was estimated using Mantel-Haenszel method. Heterogeneity among studies was tested using Tau2 statistics and Chi2 statistics. In a first instance 25 articles were included for final analysis with a total of 103,840 patients, but as the goal was to update the anterior data, these studies were analysed together with the 21 studies of the previous meta-analysis, with a total of 114609 patients. The mortality rate of COVID-19 general patients admitted to the hospital was 16% (95% CI 12; 21, I2 =100%). Global hospital mortality of COVID-19 of general patients was 16%, with quite different rates according to the different geographic areas analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the effect of water at high temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of polyurethane and on biofilm removal, aiming for its applicability in dental unit waterlines. The evaluations were carried out after simulating a 1-year period of daily immersion and measured changes in color, microhardness, surface roughness, and tensile strength before and after reproducing a disinfection protocol. For antibiofilm activity measurement, fragments of waterline were contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and submitted to the disinfection protocols. Relative to effects on the physical and mechanical properties, immersion in water at 60°C did not promote changes in color and tensile strength. However, lower values were observed for microhardness and increased values for surface roughness. Regarding antibiofilm action, water at 60°C significantly reduced the microbial load and promoted substantial changes in cells morphology. In conclusion, disinfection with water at 60°C demonstrated possible application in controlling cross-contamination in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the effectiveness of five alkaline peroxide-based effervescent tablets in reducing both biofilms and the food layer adhered on the cobalt-chromium surface. Methods: Cobalt-chromium metal alloy specimens were contaminated *Wh Candida albicans. Candida glabrata. Sti eptococcus mutans and StaphyloCOCCuS ai„·eus. After biofilm maturation, the specimens were immersed in Polident 3 Minute, Polident for Partials, Efferdent. Steradent. Corega Tabs or distilled water (control). Residual biofilm rates were determined by colony forming units counts and biofilm biomass. In parallel, to investigate the denture cleaning capability of effervescent tablets, artificially contaminated removable partial dentures were treated with each cleanser. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn post hoc test or ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test (a= 0.05). Results: None of the hygiene solutions reduced C albicans biofilm. Efferdent and Corega Tabs promoted reduction of C glabrata biofilm, while Steradent was favorable against S. aureus biofilm. For S. mlitans, lower biofilm rates were observed after immersion in Polident for Partials and Steradent. The effervescent tablets showed good cleaning performance, removing an artificial layer with carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, however, they were not effective in removing aggregated mature biofilm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Denture-related stomatitis (DRS), an inflammation frequently present in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) individuals, can be attributable to colonization by Candida spp., which is considered a main factor. The virulence factors of these species are often modulated by the systemic condition of their hosts. The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the incidence, virulence, and morphology of Candida spp. isolated from biofilms of complete denture wearers with DRS, with and without an HIV diagnosis. In addition, the interaction of the systemic condition with the ability of Candida spp. to colonize was evaluated. Fifty-five complete denture wearers diagnosed with DRS were divided into 2 groups: experimental (HIV+) and control (human immunodeficiency virus-noninfected participants [HIV-]). Biofilm was collected by a standardized method of ultrasonification of prostheses. The incidence was evaluated by a chromogenic method and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The virulence factors were assessed by using the capacity for biofilm formation by counting colony-forming units (CFUs/mL), biofilm metabolism by tetrazolium salt metabolization, and proteinase and phospholipase production by using a fluorimetric kit. Morphology was verified by using the hyphae-inducing test, and participants' health data were collected with a form. Data were analyzed by using the Student t , Mann-Whitney U, Spearman, and Fisher tests (α=.05). The results of incidence were related to 55 participants (22 experimental and 33 control); in total, 63 Candida spp. samples were isolated, showing 28 Candida albicans and 36 nonalbicans strains. No significant difference was found between groups in baseline CFU/mL counts, biofilm formation capacity, cell metabolism, and phospholipase production. Proteinase production was higher for C. albicans in the control (P =.031) and for nonalbicans in the experimental (P =.016) groups. Relative to health data, the experimental group showed a moderate negative correlation between the CFU count/mL at baseline for nonalbicans and DRS classification (P =.020). C. albicans was the most prevalent species. No difference was found in the Candida spp. of complete denture wearers with DRS, with and without an HIV diagnosis, with regard to virulence factors (except for proteinase production) and morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimal disinfection protocol that controls adverse effects and promotes effective antimicrobial action on removable prostheses is unclear. This in vitro study investigated the effect of disinfectant solutions on the biological, physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of removable prosthesis materials. Specimens of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) alloy were immersed in distilled water (PMMA) or artificial saliva (Co-Cr) as the control and in 0.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl0.25%), 0.5% chloramine T (CT0.5%), and 0.15% Triclosan (TR0.15%). The antibiofilm activity was evaluated by microbial load and cell metabolisms of the mixed biofilm. Physical (color change, sorption, solubility, and surface roughness), mechanical (hardness, flexural, and impact strength), and chemical (corrosion) properties were analyzed before and after simulating a 5-year immersion. Laser confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) complemented the analyses. The data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn posttests, 1-way ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05). All solutions were effective against bacteria, but only NaOCl0.25% eliminated Candida spp. TR0.15%, and CT0.5% increased cell metabolisms. For interaction (time and solution), there was a reduction in PMMA hardness in the control and TR0.15%. Color, sorption, solubility, and flexural strength did not change. CT0.5% and TR0.15% were similar for impact resistance. CT0.5% caused the lowest roughness. NaOCl0.25% showed the greatest corrosive potential. Dark spots were seen under SEM in Co-Cr stored with NaOCl0.25% and TR0.15%. EDS indicated different proportions of oxygen, cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. NaOCl0.25% had the best antimicrobial action. CT0.5% and TR0.15% have potential. Hardness and roughness changes were clinically acceptable, and the other properties remained unchanged. All the solutions caused color changes. NaOCl0.25% was unsatisfactory for use with Co-Cr, CT0.5% was intermediate, and TR0.15% was suitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a critical worldwide healthcare problem. In the specific case of wound care, new and effective alternatives to currently available solutions are urgently needed. Cellulose-based dressings, for example, could be made more attractive if rendered antimicrobial. This work proposes a new strategy to modify cellulose-based materials with the short antimicrobial hexapeptide MP196 (RWRWRW - NH 2) that relies on a biomolecular recognition approach based on carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs). Specifically, we focused on the modification of hydrogels, paper, and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with fusions of the CBM3 from Clostridium thermocellum (C. thermocellum) with derivatives of MP196. The fusions are prepared by promoting the formation of a disulfide bond between Cys-terminated derivatives of MP196 and a CBM3 that is pre-anchored in the materials. The CBM3-MP196-modified materials displayed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) that was significantly higher when compared with the activity of materials prepared by physical adsorption of MP196. The biomolecular strategy provides a more favorable orientation, exposure, and distancing of the peptide from the matrix. This versatile concept provides a toolbox for the functionalization of cellulose materials of different origins and architectures with a broad choice in peptides. Functionalization under mild biological conditions avoids further purification steps, allowing for translational research and multiple applications as drug delivery systems, scaffolds for tissue engineering and biomaterials. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a critical worldwide healthcare problem. In the specific case of wound care, new and effective alternatives to currently available solutions are urgently needed. This work proposes a new strategy to modify cellulose-based materials with a short antimicrobial hexapeptide that relies on a biomolecular recognition approach based on carbohydrate binding modules. The modified materials displayed antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The biomolecular strategy provides a favorable orientation, exposure, and distancing of the peptide from the matrix. This versatile concept offers a toolbox for the functionalization of different cellulose materials with a broad choice in peptides. Functionalization under mild biological conditions avoids further purification steps, allowing for translational research and multiple applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the stress distribution through photoelasticity, microhardness and roughness of intact crowns of primary molars (CC) and the preformed crowns of stainless steel (SSC) and zirconia (ZC) used in dental restorations in pediatric dentistry. Methods: Six healthy primary molars were selected. For the photoelastic models, the teeth were fixed in photoelastic resin. A load of 100 N was applied, and the models were analyzed by transmission polariscope. The Tardy method was used to quantify the fringe order which calculates the maximum stress (T) value iii each selected point. The teeth were prepared for cementation ofthe crowns. The photoelastic test was repeated for each experimental crown. Knoop microhardness was assessed on the buccal surfaces of the CCs, SSCs, and ZCs using a microhardness tester. Parameters were 50 gf for 5 seconds. Roughness was evaluated using a confocal 3-D laser scanning microscope/software at 216x magnification. Roughness average (Ra) values from each model (expressed iii wn) were collected and group means were calculated. The stress distribution, microhardness. and roughness data were compared by using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey's test (a= 0.05). Results: There was no difference in the stress distribution for the CCs, SSCs and ZCs. For the microhardness analysis, the ZCs obtained the highest values compared to the CCs and the SSCs (P< 0.001). The CCs were significantly higher than the SSCs (P= 0.027). There was no difference in roughness for the three models (P= 0.615). The SSCs and ZCs showed satisfactory mechanical behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural defects created by endodontic treatment are the most common cause of major dental failures. This study analyzed levels of stress produced by endodontic instruments during the root canal treatment by photoelastic analysis of stress. Twenty-four human premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 6) according to instrumentation protocol: ProTaper Next (GPT), One Shape (GOS), Wave One Gold (GWO), and TF Adaptive (GTF). The evaluation of the photoelastic model was performed at 4 dental zones: dental-crown region, cervical third of root, middle third of root, and apical third of root. Silicone molds were prepared (2 × 15 mm), and pinjets were used inside the root canals to fixate teeth. Photoelastic resin (2:1 ratio) was poured into the silicone molds to form photoelastic models. A transmission polariscope was used to analyze the positions of interest and recorded with a digital camera. Tardy's method was used to quantify the fringe order (n) and calculate the maximum stress value (τ) at each selected point. Data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance, Tukey test (P <.05), fringe descriptive analysis. All groups showed a significant increase in the level of stress created during biomechanical preparation of the root canals. In the quantitative analysis, there was no statistically significant difference among the groups (P >.05). In the qualitative analysis, GPT and GTF instruments achieved greater levels of stresses compared with GWO and GOS instruments. At the beginning of instrumentation, stresses were concentrated at the coronary level and the end of instrumentation at the middle and apical root level. All endodontic systems resulted in accumulation of stress along the dental structure. Stress was found in different concentrations along the tooth and at different levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The population structure is changing. The proportion of elderly who is at risk of functional decline or death in a period of two years, the vulnerable elders, is rising. In this way, primary health care must incorporate quality and equity instruments that favor a better care provision. This study aims at co-designing the content, functionality, and interface modalities of an Equity and Quality Checklist to support the management of vulnerable elder patients in primary health care. The living labs approach involved multiple stakeholders: physicians, nurses, managers, and information technology developers assuming different roles in the context of a real environment. The decision-making process and the rationality of the choices made during the co-design workshops for the mockups and prototype is explained. The routine developed can be added to existing clinical information systems, and according to the participants will have a high impact on the care of vulnerable elders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]