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We report on the development and performance evaluation of an ultra-stable clock laser for an $\rm ^{27}Al^+$ optical clock. The thermal noise limited ultra-stable laser is developed based on a 30 cm long ultra-stable cavity. Three independent evaluation methods, including the frequency noise summation method, the three-cornered hat (TCH) method, and the optical clock transition detection method, are used to evaluate the clock laser performance. The summation result of various frequency noise terms is compared with the result of the TCH method. In addition, the $\rm ^{27}Al^+$ ion optical clock transition with ultra-narrow linewidth is also used to detect the frequency noise of the laser at lower Fourier frequencies. The results of the three methods show good agreements, showing a frequency instability level of $1.3\times10^{-16}$, and giving us confidence that these evaluation methods may provides guidance for accurate evaluations of high stability laser sources.

Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the diseases with the highest mortality and poorest prognosis worldwide. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) typically presents acutely, prompt and expedited radiological examination is crucial for diagnosis, localization, and quantification of the hemorrhage. Early detection and accurate segmentation of perihematomal edema (PHE) play a critical role in guiding appropriate clinical intervention and enhancing patient prognosis. However, the progress and assessment of computer-aided diagnostic methods for PHE segmentation and detection face challenges due to the scarcity of publicly accessible brain CT image datasets. This study establishes a publicly available CT dataset named PHE-SICH-CT-IDS for perihematomal edema in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. The dataset comprises 120 brain CT scans and 7,022 CT images, along with corresponding medical information of the patients. To demonstrate its effectiveness, classical algorithms for semantic segmentation, object detection, and radiomic feature extraction are evaluated. The experimental results confirm the suitability of PHE-SICH-CT-IDS for assessing the performance of segmentation, detection and radiomic feature extraction methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publicly available dataset for PHE in SICH, comprising various data formats suitable for applications across diverse medical scenarios. We believe that PHE-SICH-CT-IDS will allure researchers to explore novel algorithms, providing valuable support for clinicians and patients in the clinical setting. PHE-SICH-CT-IDS is freely published for non-commercial purpose at: https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/PHE-SICH-CT-IDS/23957937.

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common tumors in the female reproductive system and is the third most common gynecological malignancy that causes death after ovarian and cervical cancer. Early diagnosis can significantly improve the 5-year survival rate of patients. With the development of artificial intelligence, computer-assisted diagnosis plays an increasingly important role in improving the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosis, as well as reducing the workload of doctors. However, the absence of publicly available endometrial cancer image datasets restricts the application of computer-assisted diagnostic techniques.In this paper, a publicly available Endometrial Cancer PET/CT Image Dataset for Evaluation of Semantic Segmentation and Detection of Hypermetabolic Regions (ECPC-IDS) are published. Specifically, the segmentation section includes PET and CT images, with a total of 7159 images in multiple formats. In order to prove the effectiveness of segmentation methods on ECPC-IDS, five classical deep learning semantic segmentation methods are selected to test the image segmentation task. The object detection section also includes PET and CT images, with a total of 3579 images and XML files with annotation information. Six deep learning methods are selected for experiments on the detection task.This study conduct extensive experiments using deep learning-based semantic segmentation and object detection methods to demonstrate the differences between various methods on ECPC-IDS. As far as we know, this is the first publicly available dataset of endometrial cancer with a large number of multiple images, including a large amount of information required for image and target detection. ECPC-IDS can aid researchers in exploring new algorithms to enhance computer-assisted technology, benefiting both clinical doctors and patients greatly., Comment: 14 pages,6 figures

Methods: In this study, a benchmark \emph{Abdominal Adipose Tissue CT Image Dataset} (AATTCT-IDS) containing 300 subjects is prepared and published. AATTCT-IDS publics 13,732 raw CT slices, and the researchers individually annotate the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue regions of 3,213 of those slices that have the same slice distance to validate denoising methods, train semantic segmentation models, and study radiomics. For different tasks, this paper compares and analyzes the performance of various methods on AATTCT-IDS by combining the visualization results and evaluation data. Thus, verify the research potential of this data set in the above three types of tasks. Results: In the comparative study of image denoising, algorithms using a smoothing strategy suppress mixed noise at the expense of image details and obtain better evaluation data. Methods such as BM3D preserve the original image structure better, although the evaluation data are slightly lower. The results show significant differences among them. In the comparative study of semantic segmentation of abdominal adipose tissue, the segmentation results of adipose tissue by each model show different structural characteristics. Among them, BiSeNet obtains segmentation results only slightly inferior to U-Net with the shortest training time and effectively separates small and isolated adipose tissue. In addition, the radiomics study based on AATTCT-IDS reveals three adipose distributions in the subject population. Conclusion: AATTCT-IDS contains the ground truth of adipose tissue regions in abdominal CT slices. This open-source dataset can attract researchers to explore the multi-dimensional characteristics of abdominal adipose tissue and thus help physicians and patients in clinical practice. AATCT-IDS is freely published for non-commercial purpose at: \url{https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/AATTCT-IDS/23807256}., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures

Background and Purpose: Colorectal cancer is a common fatal malignancy, the fourth most common cancer in men, and the third most common cancer in women worldwide. Timely detection of cancer in its early stages is essential for treating the disease. Currently, there is a lack of datasets for histopathological image segmentation of rectal cancer, which often hampers the assessment accuracy when computer technology is used to aid in diagnosis. Methods: This present study provided a new publicly available Enteroscope Biopsy Histopathological Hematoxylin and Eosin Image Dataset for Image Segmentation Tasks (EBHI-Seg). To demonstrate the validity and extensiveness of EBHI-Seg, the experimental results for EBHI-Seg are evaluated using classical machine learning methods and deep learning methods. Results: The experimental results showed that deep learning methods had a better image segmentation performance when utilizing EBHI-Seg. The maximum accuracy of the Dice evaluation metric for the classical machine learning method is 0.948, while the Dice evaluation metric for the deep learning method is 0.965. Conclusion: This publicly available dataset contained 5,170 images of six types of tumor differentiation stages and the corresponding ground truth images. The dataset can provide researchers with new segmentation algorithms for medical diagnosis of colorectal cancer, which can be used in the clinical setting to help doctors and patients.