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Foamy viruses belong to the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily member of the Retroviridae family and produce nonpathogenic infection to hosts in the natural conditions. However, infections of foamy viruses can dramatically cause severe cytopathic effects in vitro. To date, the exact molecular mechanism has remained unclear which implied the tremendous importance of virus-host cell immune reactions. In this study, we found that the transactivator Tas in two foamy viruses isolated from Old World Monkey (OWM) induced obvious inhibition of cell proliferation via the upregulation of Foxo3a expression. It was mediated by the generation of ROS and the initiation of ER stress, and ultimately, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was triggered. Notably, PFV Tas contributed to the accumulation of G0/G1 phase cycle arrest induced by the activation of the p53 signaling pathway and the nuclear transportation of HDAC4 via upregulating PPM1E expression. Together, these results demonstrated the different survival strategies by which foamy virus can hijack host cell cytokines and regulate virus-host cell interactions.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous injection of low-dose versus high-dose gamma globulin combined with glucocorticoid pulse therapy in the treatment of children with moderate/severe acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)., Methods: A total of 100 children with moderate/severe acute GBS were randomly assigned to low-dose group (n=48) and high-dose group (n=52). The children in the low-dose and high-dose groups were treated with 0.2 g/(kg · d) and 0.4 g/(kg · d) gamma globulin respectively combined with methylprednisolone. The two groups were compared in terms of the time to improvements of symptoms after treatment, serum levels of inflammatory factors, proportion of children undergoing invasive ventilation, treatment response rate, and adverse events., Results: After 5 days of treatment, the low- and high-dose groups had significant reductions in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein, and there were no significant differences in the reductions of these markers between the two groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the time to recovery of respiratory muscle paralysis, time to an improvement in muscle strength of one grade, time to recovery of sensory disturbance, and length of hospital stay. There was no significant difference in the treatment response rate between the low- and high-dose groups (90% vs 92%). There were also no significant differences in the incidence rates of pyrexia, headache, nausea, and palpitation between the two groups., Conclusions: Low-dose versus high-dose gamma globulin combined with methylprednisolone pulse therapy have comparable clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of children with moderate/severe acute GBS.

The recombined adenovirus DNA was transfected into 293 cells for packing and amplification of replication-deficient Ad-CMV-E6/E7, Ad-K14 -E6/E7 virus was purified by CsCl density gradient centrifugation , recombined adenovirus Ad-CMV-E6/E7, Ad-K14 -E6/E7 were used as experimental group, while pAd-CMV and pAdtrack-K14 were used as control group. Four of them were injected through one main vein of nude mice tail respectively. These mice were then treated with 0.05 mg 17beta-estradiol over 12 weeks. Mice were anaesthesiaed with 2.5% Avertint and the vagina, mammary gland, ovaries and uterus were dissected and fixed in 3.75% paraformaldehyde overnight at 4 degrees C. Paraffin-embedded sections, HE staining and identification of P53 and Bcl-2 protein via immunohistochemistry were performed. The expression of E6/E7 was verified by RT-PCR in different tissue of nude mice. HE staining showed evident hyperplasy in cervix-uterus transformation zone of experimental group 2. The expression of mutant P53 and Bcl-2 were higher than control group via immunohistochemical S-P method in uterus stroma-cell. Western blotting also showed that E6 protein was expressed. The expression of E6/E7 was higher than control group by human cytokeratin promoter 14 and hyperlasy changes were detected in epithelial tissue of cervix-uterus transformation zone.

Objective: In this study, we used an adenoviral vector -melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (Ad-mda7) to examine the effect of the ectopic production of MDA-7/IL-24 on cell migration and invasion by human cervical cancer cells., Methods: The study took place in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, between April 2006 and November 2006. The change of metastasis of cervical cancer cells (CaSki) cells were detected by Cell Migration Assay and Cell Invasion Assay after treated with Ad-mda7. The production of proteins associated with cell migration and invasion were detected by western blot., Results: Cervical cancer cells treated in vitro with Ad-mda7 migrated and invaded less than cells treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or Ad-Luc (vector control). Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 /IL-24 inhibited migration and invasion by down-regulating the production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and by up-regulating the production of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. relative to PBS and Ad-Luc., Conclusion: These results show that MDA-7/IL-24 inhibits invasion and migration by cervical cancer cells by down- or up- regulating proteins associated with these processes, resulting in reduced metastasis. Thus, Ad-mda7 should be considered a therapeutic agent that can inhibit primary tumor growth and prevent metastasis.