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Net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland is a key link and important part of the ecosystem's carbon cycle. We estimated the changes of NPP in grasslands of the Loess Plateau with unchanged land use types during 2000-2015 and analyzed its responses to the variation of main climate factors (annual precipitation, annual heavy rainfall, annual effective rainfall days, annual average temperature, annual maximum temperature, annual minimum temperature) using piecewise linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis. The driving factors of grassland NPP were further analyzed by pixel-by-pixel with boosted regression tree analysis. The results showed that annual mean grassland NPP in the Loess Plateau showed an increasing trend during the study period, with 51.3% of the total grassland area showing a significant increasing trend. The average increase rate of annual mean NPP declined from 15.23 g C ⋅ m-2 ⋅ a-1 in 2000-2004 to 3.58 g C ⋅ m-2 ⋅ a-1 in 2004-2015. There was a significant positive correlation between grassland NPP and precipitation, but negative correlation with temperature factors. Annual precipitation was the dominant climatic factor affecting NPP of the whole study area with the highest relative importance. Annual maximum temperature was the dominant driving force of grassland NPP of central Loess Plateau, while annual minimum temperature mainly affected the growth of grassland in high-altitude area of the western Loess Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes: To probe the expression, clinical significance, roles, and molecular mechanisms of circRNA_000166 in breast cancer (BC)., Methods: Clinical tissue samples were gathered from 84 BC patients who underwent surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College. Clinical data were obtained from medical records and postoperative follow-up. Expression levels of circRNA_000166, miR-326, miR-330-5p, and ELK1 mRNA in BC tissues and cells were measured by qRT-PCR, and ELK1 protein levels were assessed by WB. Pearson's correlation analysis evaluated the interrelationships between these RNAs in clinical samples. Luciferase reporter assays verified the interactions between miR-326/miR-330-5p and circRNA_000166, as well as between miR-326/miR-330-5p and ELK1. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were examined using CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively., Results: CircRNA_000166 was highly expressed in BC tissues and inversely correlated with miR-326/miR-330-5p levels but positively with ELK1 mRNA levels. ELK1 mRNA also inversely associated with miR-326/miR-330-5p levels in BC tissues. Importantly, our findings demonstrated that circRNA_000166 targets miR-326 and miR-330-5p, while ELK1 is the target of miR-326 and miR-330-5p in BC cells. CircRNA_000166 levels positively correlated with tumour size, TNM stage, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis, and negatively associated with postoperative progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in BC patients. CircRNA_000166 was also highly expressed in BC cells, and knockdown of circRNA_000166 reduced proliferation and migration, and increased apoptosis via miR-326/ELK1 and miR-330-5p/ELK1 pathways in vitro ., Conclusion: CircRNA_000166 enhances BC progression through miR-326/ELK1 and miR-330-5p/ELK1 pathways and shows potential as a biomarker for BC diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To investigate the potential antitumor effect and its mechanism of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)., Methods: OCI-Ly7 cells were respectively treated with different concentrations of DHA (0, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L) , CCK-8 was used to detect the cells viability. Subsequently, OCI-Ly7 cells were divided into 5 groups : DHA 0,25,50,100 μmol / L and DHA (100 μmol / L) + Colivelin (STAT3 activator). Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) positive cells were sorted by flow cytometry, the sphere-forming ability of stem cells was detected. Transwell assay and scratch test were used to analyze the invasion and migration of cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of migration and invasion-related proteins, as well as the phosphorylation levels of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)., Results: DHA induced obvious cytotoxicity to OCI-Ly7 cells. Compared with the control group, the stem cell-like properties, invasion and migration of OCI-Ly7 were significantly inhibited in DHA 50 μmol/L group and 100 μmol/L group, while the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 were significantly reduced. There was no significant difference in DHA 25 μmol/L group compared with the control group. Treated with Colivelin, the inhibition of DHA on OCI-Ly7 stem cell-like properties, invasion and migration was significantly reversed, and the expression of p-STAT3 was significantly up-regulated., Conclusion: DHA has antitumor effect on DLBCL, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway to inhibit the stem cell-like properties, invasion and migration of DLBCL cells.

Net primary productivity (NPP) of grassland is a key link and important part of the ecosystem's carbon cycle. We estimated the changes of NPP in grasslands of the Loess Plateau with unchanged land use types during 2000-2015 and analyzed its responses to the variation of main climate factors (annual precipitation, annual heavy rainfall, annual effective rainfall days, annual average temperature, annual maximum temperature, annual minimum temperature) using piecewise linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis. The driving factors of grassland NPP were further analyzed by pixel-by-pixel with boosted regression tree analysis. The results showed that annual mean grassland NPP in the Loess Plateau showed an increasing trend during the study period, with 51.3% of the total grassland area showing a significant increasing trend. The average increase rate of annual mean NPP declined from 15.23 g C·m -2 ·a -1 in 2000-2004 to 3.58 g C·m -2 ·a -1 in 2004-2015. There was a significant positive correlation between grassland NPP and precipitation, but negative correlation with temperature factors. Annual precipitation was the dominant climatic factor affecting NPP of the whole study area with the highest relative importance. Annual maximum temperature was the dominant driving force of grassland NPP of central Loess Plateau, while annual minimum temperature mainly affected the growth of grassland in high-altitude area of the western Loess Plateau.