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Objective: Buyang-Huanwu Decoction is often used as an adjuvant therapy for ischemic stroke in clinical practice. At the same time, various laboratories have found that it has the potential to treat ischemic heart failure, lower extremity varicose veins, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, and hyperlipidemia. Previous studies in our laboratory have found that different concentrations of ethanol were used to separate the polar components of Buyang-Huanwu decoction, and the therapeutic effects of each group on pulmonary fibrosis and hyperlipidemia were different. Therefore, we analyzed and explored Buyang Huanwu decoction and its products. Methods: The isolated components were obtained by treatment with absolute ethanol, 30% (v/v), 50% (v/v), 75% (v/v), and 90% (v/v) ethanol, and the components were analyzed by UPLC-MS. Results: The separation method used in our laboratory could well separate the components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction, and simply enrich carbohydrates, organic acids, phenylpropanoid compounds, lipids, nucleotides, and lignans. Conclusions: The products treated with different concentrations of ethanol have different therapeutic potentials. The high content components of 30% ethanol eluate and 50% ethanol eluate have good therapeutic effects on osteoarthritis and bone loss, while the high content components of the precipitate components and 75% eluate are more likely to be related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

lipid rafts microregions, also known as lipid rafts (LR), are a type of functional region on the cell membrane that is rich in sugars, lipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol. LR is an important participant in the immune and inflammatory processes of the body. Diseases such as cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases are often accompanied by pathological manifestations such as dysregulation or deficiency of LR. This article provides an overview of the structure and composition of LR at the cellular and molecular levels, explores the methods and mechanisms of targeted LR treatment for related diseases, and explores their correlation. It compares the differences in the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine based on LR mechanism, in order to provide new ideas for the research and clinical treatment of related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an essential water source conservation area and a fundamental national ecological functional area in the Yellow River Basin, Yinchuan City' s habitat quality is related to regional ecological security and sustainable development. However, further research is needed on the habitat quality and influencing factors in Yinchuan City of Ningxia, China. Based on three phases of land-use data from 2000, 2010, and 2020, as well as the habitat quality module of the InVEST model, Moran' s I index, and Geodetector, habitat quality was estimated and the spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed over the past 20 years. The impact of nine influencing factors, such as elevation, slope, and vegetation coverage, etc, on habitat quality was quantified. The results showed the following: (1) Yinchuan City' s average habitat quality index in 2000, 2010, and 2020 was 0.337, 0.332, and 0.322, respectively. The habitat quality index was low and slightly decreased over the past 20 years. The magnitude and proportion of habitat quality improvement are lower than those of deterioration, and the habitat quality exhibits a spatial distribution characteristic of high in the north and south, and low in the middle. (2) Habitat quality has a strong spatial agglomeration effect in space, and Moran' s I index shows a downward trend. The degree of spatial autocorrelation of habitat quality has weakened, and agglomeration has gradually decreased. The LISA clustering map results show that the areas that have changed over the past 20 years primarily include the central and northern parts of the study area, with high-low clustering areas changing to low-low clustering areas. (3) Elevation and land-use type are the primary factors influencing habitat quality in Yinchuan City. The interplay of various influencing factors showed that the enhancement effect on habitat quality increases accordingly, primarily with a dual-factor enhancement, followed by a nonlinear enhancement. The interaction between elevation and various factors emerges as the most significant contributor. The results provide a scientific basis and support for decision-making for ecological protection and high-quality and sustainable development in Yinchuan City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water shortage in agriculture area in China requires to reduce the consumption of excessive water in flood irrigation. Therefore, the dynamics of soil water regime is needed to investigate and water‐saving irrigation is necessary to alleviate water shortage. This study investigated the impact of flood irrigation on soil water movement and recharge to groundwater in the Yellow River irrigation area of Yinchuan Plain, China. Combining comprehensive field observation, stable isotopic techniques and water balance simulation, we described the soil water mechanism in vadose zone covered with bare soil in 2019 and planted with maize in 2020. The soil layers affected by precipitation infiltration and evaporation were mainly 0–50 cm, while the soil influenced by irrigation was the entire profile in the mode of piston flow. The maize root took up the soil water up to the depth of 100 cm during the tasseling period. The infiltration and capillary rise in 2020 were similar with those in 2019. However, the total deep percolation was 156.5 mm in 2020 which was about 50% of that in 2019 because of the maize root water uptake. The leakage of ditch water was the major recharge resource of groundwater for the fast water table rise. Precise irrigation is required to minimize deep percolation and leakage of ditch water and reduce excessive unproductive evapotranspiration. Therefore, understanding the soil water movement and groundwater recharge is critical for agricultural water management to improve irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency in arid regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron-based anode materials, such as Fe2O3 and FeSe2 have attracted widespread attention for lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacities. However, the capacity decays seriously because of poor conductivity and severe volume expansion. Designing nanostructures combined with carbon are effective means to improve cycling stability. In this work, ultra-small Fe2O3 nanoparticles loaded on a carbon framework were synthesized through a one-step thermal decomposition of the commercial C15H21FeO6 [Iron (III) acetylacetonate], which could be served as the source of Fe, O, and C. As an anode material, the Fe2O3@C anode delivers a specific capacity of 747.8 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 200 mA g−1 and 577.8 mAh g−1 after 365 cycles at 500 mA g−1. When selenium powder was introduced into the reaction system, the FeSe2 nano-rods encapsulated in the carbon shell were obtained, which also displayed a relatively good performance in lithium storage capacity (852 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles under the current density of 100 mA·g−1). This study may provide an alternative way to prepare other carbon-composited metal compounds, such as FeNx@C, FePx@C, and FeSx@C, and found their applications in the field of electrochemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel direct Z-scheme Zn 0.1 Cd 0.9 S/FeWO 4 (ZCS/FW) photocatalyst was prepared by a facile calcination method. The photocatalytic performance was investigated by photodegradation rhodamine B (RhB) and photocatalytic production hydrogen (H 2 ) under visible light irradiation. Compared with the pure ZCS, the ZCS/FW composites show considerably improved photocatalytic activity for degradation RhB and production H 2 . Noticeably, the ZCS/FW with 7 wt% of FW exhibits optimal photocatalytic activity with the H 2 evolution rate of 34.6 mmol g -1 h -1 and photodegradation of about 98% of RhB solution (10 mg l -1 ) in 60 min. These outstanding photocatalytic performances were found to be ascribed to the formation of direct Z-scheme heterojunction, resulting in effective separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. Moreover, active species trapping experiments further demonstrate the electrons transfer followed Z-scheme system, and the photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.