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2. Type 2 diabetes pathway-specific polygenic risk scores elucidate heterogeneity in clinical presentation, disease progression and diabetic complications in 18,217 Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes

Author

Yu, Gechang, Tam, Claudia H. T., Lim, Cadmon K. P., Shi, Mai, Lau, Eric S. H., Ozaki, Risa, Lee, Heung-man, Ng, Alex C. W., Hou, Yong, Fan, Baoqi, Huang, Chuiguo, Wu, Hongjiang, Yang, Aimin, Cheung, Hoi Man, Lee, Ka Fai, Siu, Shing Chung, Hui, Grace, Tsang, Chiu Chi, Lau, Kam Piu, Leung, Jenny Y. Y., Cheung, Elaine Y. N., Tsang, Man Wo, Kam, Grace, Lau, Ip Tim, Li, June K. Y., Yeung, Vincent T. F., Lau, Emmy, Lo, Stanley, Fung, Samuel, Cheng, Yuk Lun, Szeto, Cheuk Chun, Chow, Elaine, Kong, Alice P. S., Tam, Wing Hung, Luk, Andrea O. Y., Weedon, Michael N., So, Wing-yee, Chan, Juliana C. N., Oram, Richard A., and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Published
2024
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3. A polygenic risk score derived from common variants of monogenic diabetes genes is associated with young-onset type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular–kidney complications

Author

O, Chun-Kwan, Fan, Baoqi, Tsoi, Sandra T. F., Tam, Claudia H. T., Wan, Raymond, Lau, Eric S. H., Shi, Mai, Lim, Cadmon K. P., Yu, Gechang, Ho, Jane P. Y., Chow, Elaine Y. K., Kong, Alice P. S., Ozaki, Risa, So, Wing Yee, Ma, Ronald C. W., Luk, Andrea O. Y., and Chan, Juliana C. N.

Published
2025
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7. Precision prognostics for cardiovascular disease in Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Ahmad, Abrar, Lim, Lee-Ling, Morieri, Mario Luca, Tam, Claudia Ha-ting, Cheng, Feifei, Chikowore, Tinashe, Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer, Monika, Fitipaldi, Hugo, Huang, Chuiguo, Kanbour, Sarah, Sarkar, Sudipa, Koivula, Robert Wilhelm, Motala, Ayesha A., Tye, Sok Cin, Yu, Gechang, Zhang, Yingchai, Provenzano, Michele, Sherifali, Diana, de Souza, Russell J., Tobias, Deirdre Kay, Gomez, Maria F., Ma, Ronald C. W., and Mathioudakis, Nestoras

Published
2024
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9. Circulating metabolomic markers linking diabetic kidney disease and incident cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: analyses from the Hong Kong Diabetes Biobank

Author

Jin, Qiao, Lau, Eric S. H., Luk, Andrea O., Tam, Claudia H. T., Ozaki, Risa, Lim, Cadmon K. P., Wu, Hongjiang, Chow, Elaine Y. K., Kong, Alice P. S., Lee, Heung Man, Fan, Baoqi, Ng, Alex C. W., Jiang, Guozhi, Lee, Ka Fai, Siu, Shing Chung, Hui, Grace, Tsang, Chiu Chi, Lau, Kam Piu, Leung, Jenny Y., Tsang, Man-wo, Cheung, Elaine Y. N., Kam, Grace, Lau, Ip Tim, Li, June K., Yeung, Vincent T. F., Lau, Emmy, Lo, Stanley, Fung, Samuel, Cheng, Yuk Lun, Chow, Chun Chung, Yu, Weichuan, Tsui, Stephen K. W., Tomlinson, Brian, Huang, Yu, Lan, Hui-yao, Szeto, Cheuk Chun, So, Wing Yee, Jenkins, Alicia J., Fung, Erik, Muilwijk, Mirthe, Blom, Marieke T., ‘t Hart, Leen M., Chan, Juliana C. N., and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Published
2024
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10. Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology

Author

Suzuki, Ken, Hatzikotoulas, Konstantinos, Southam, Lorraine, Taylor, Henry J., Yin, Xianyong, Lorenz, Kim M., Mandla, Ravi, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Melloni, Giorgio E. M., Kanoni, Stavroula, Rayner, Nigel W., Bocher, Ozvan, Arruda, Ana Luiza, Sonehara, Kyuto, Namba, Shinichi, Lee, Simon S. K., Preuss, Michael H., Petty, Lauren E., Schroeder, Philip, Vanderwerff, Brett, Kals, Mart, Bragg, Fiona, Lin, Kuang, Guo, Xiuqing, Zhang, Weihua, Yao, Jie, Kim, Young Jin, Graff, Mariaelisa, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Nano, Jana, Lamri, Amel, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Moon, Sanghoon, Scott, Robert A., Cook, James P., Lee, Jung-Jin, Pan, Ian, Taliun, Daniel, Parra, Esteban J., Chai, Jin-Fang, Bielak, Lawrence F., Tabara, Yasuharu, Hai, Yang, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Grarup, Niels, Sofer, Tamar, Wuttke, Matthias, Sarnowski, Chloé, Gieger, Christian, Nousome, Darryl, Trompet, Stella, Kwak, Soo-Heon, Long, Jirong, Sun, Meng, Tong, Lin, Chen, Wei-Min, Nongmaithem, Suraj S., Noordam, Raymond, Lim, Victor J. Y., Tam, Claudia H. T., Joo, Yoonjung Yoonie, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Raffield, Laura M., Prins, Bram Peter, Nicolas, Aude, Yanek, Lisa R., Chen, Guanjie, Brody, Jennifer A., Kabagambe, Edmond, An, Ping, Xiang, Anny H., Choi, Hyeok Sun, Cade, Brian E., Tan, Jingyi, Broadaway, K. Alaine, Williamson, Alice, Kamali, Zoha, Cui, Jinrui, Thangam, Manonanthini, Adair, Linda S., Adeyemo, Adebowale, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S., Anand, Sonia S., Bertoni, Alain, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Brandslund, Ivan, Buchanan, Thomas A., Burant, Charles F., Butterworth, Adam S., Canouil, Mickaël, Chan, Juliana C. N., Chang, Li-Ching, Chee, Miao-Li, Chen, Ji, Chen, Shyh-Huei, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chen, Zhengming, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Cushman, Mary, Danesh, John, Das, Swapan K., de Silva, H. Janaka, Dedoussis, George, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Doumatey, Ayo P., Du, Shufa, Duan, Qing, Eckardt, Kai-Uwe, Emery, Leslie S., Evans, Daniel S., Evans, Michele K., Fischer, Krista, Floyd, James S., Ford, Ian, Franco, Oscar H., Frayling, Timothy M., Freedman, Barry I., Genter, Pauline, Gerstein, Hertzel C., Giedraitis, Vilmantas, González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, Maria Elena, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gross, Myron, Guare, Lindsay A., Hackinger, Sophie, Hakaste, Liisa, Han, Sohee, Hattersley, Andrew T., Herder, Christian, Horikoshi, Momoko, Howard, Annie-Green, Hsueh, Willa, Huang, Mengna, Huang, Wei, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Hwu, Chii-Min, Ichihara, Sahoko, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Ingelsson, Martin, Islam, Md. Tariqul, Isono, Masato, Jang, Hye-Mi, Jasmine, Farzana, Jiang, Guozhi, Jonas, Jost B., Jørgensen, Torben, Kamanu, Frederick K., Kandeel, Fouad R., Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kaur, Varinderpal, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Keaton, Jacob M., Kho, Abel N., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kibriya, Muhammad G., Kim, Duk-Hwan, Kronenberg, Florian, Kuusisto, Johanna, Läll, Kristi, Lange, Leslie A., Lee, Kyung Min, Lee, Myung-Shik, Lee, Nanette R., Leong, Aaron, Li, Liming, Li, Yun, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Ligthart, Symen, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jianjun, Locke, Adam E., Louie, Tin, Luan, Jian’an, Luk, Andrea O., Luo, Xi, Lv, Jun, Lynch, Julie A., Lyssenko, Valeriya, Maeda, Shiro, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Mansuri, Sohail Rafik, Matsuda, Koichi, Meitinger, Thomas, Melander, Olle, Metspalu, Andres, Mo, Huan, Morris, Andrew D., Moura, Filipe A., Nadler, Jerry L., Nalls, Michael A., Nayak, Uma, Ntalla, Ioanna, Okada, Yukinori, Orozco, Lorena, Patel, Sanjay R., Patil, Snehal, Pei, Pei, Pereira, Mark A., Peters, Annette, Pirie, Fraser J., Polikowsky, Hannah G., Porneala, Bianca, Prasad, Gauri, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J., Reiner, Alexander P., Roden, Michael, Rohde, Rebecca, Roll, Katheryn, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sandow, Kevin, Sankareswaran, Alagu, Sattar, Naveed, Schönherr, Sebastian, Shahriar, Mohammad, Shen, Botong, Shi, Jinxiu, Shin, Dong Mun, Shojima, Nobuhiro, Smith, Jennifer A., So, Wing Yee, Stančáková, Alena, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Stilp, Adrienne M., Strauch, Konstantin, Taylor, Kent D., Thorand, Barbara, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tomlinson, Brian, Tran, Tam C., Tsai, Fuu-Jen, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Udler, Miriam S., Valladares-Salgado, Adan, van Dam, Rob M., van Klinken, Jan B., Varma, Rohit, Wacher-Rodarte, Niels, Wheeler, Eleanor, Wickremasinghe, Ananda R., van Dijk, Ko Willems, Witte, Daniel R., Yajnik, Chittaranjan S., Yamamoto, Ken, Yamamoto, Kenichi, Yoon, Kyungheon, Yu, Canqing, Yuan, Jian-Min, Yusuf, Salim, Zawistowski, Matthew, Zhang, Liang, Zheng, Wei, Raffel, Leslie J., Igase, Michiya, Ipp, Eli, Redline, Susan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lind, Lars, Province, Michael A., Fornage, Myriam, Hanis, Craig L., Ingelsson, Erik, Zonderman, Alan B., Psaty, Bruce M., Wang, Ya-Xing, Rotimi, Charles N., Becker, Diane M., Matsuda, Fumihiko, Liu, Yongmei, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Peyser, Patricia A., Pankow, James S., Engert, James C., Bonnefond, Amélie, Froguel, Philippe, Wilson, James G., Sheu, Wayne H. H., Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Hayes, M. Geoffrey, Ma, Ronald C. W., Wong, Tien-Yin, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Chandak, Giriraj R., Collins, Francis S., Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Paré, Guillaume, Sale, Michèle M., Ahsan, Habibul, Motala, Ayesha A., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Park, Kyong-Soo, Jukema, J. Wouter, Cruz, Miguel, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Rich, Stephen S., McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Grallert, Harald, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Ghanbari, Mohsen, Tai, E-Shyong, Dupuis, Josee, Kato, Norihiro, Laakso, Markku, Köttgen, Anna, Koh, Woon-Puay, Bowden, Donald W., Palmer, Colin N. A., Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Liu, Simin, North, Kari E., Saleheen, Danish, Hansen, Torben, Pedersen, Oluf, Wareham, Nicholas J., Lee, Juyoung, Kim, Bong-Jo, Millwood, Iona Y., Walters, Robin G., Stefansson, Kari, Ahlqvist, Emma, Goodarzi, Mark O., Mohlke, Karen L., Langenberg, Claudia, Haiman, Christopher A., Loos, Ruth J. F., Florez, Jose C., Rader, Daniel J., Ritchie, Marylyn D., Zöllner, Sebastian, Mägi, Reedik, Marston, Nicholas A., Ruff, Christian T., van Heel, David A., Finer, Sarah, Denny, Joshua C., Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Kadowaki, Takashi, Chambers, John C., Ng, Maggie C. Y., Sim, Xueling, Below, Jennifer E., Tsao, Philip S., Chang, Kyong-Mi, McCarthy, Mark I., Meigs, James B., Mahajan, Anubha, Spracklen, Cassandra N., Mercader, Josep M., Boehnke, Michael, Rotter, Jerome I., Vujkovic, Marijana, Voight, Benjamin F., Morris, Andrew P., and Zeggini, Eleftheria

Published
2024
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12. International PCOS guideline clinical research priorities roadmap: a co-designed approach aligned with end-user priorities in a neglected women’s health condition

Author

Arlt, Wiebke, Azziz, Ricardo, Balen, Adam, Bedson, Lisa, Berry, Lorna, Boivin, Jacky, Boyle, Jacqueline, Brennan, Leah, Brown, Wendy, Burgert, Tania, Busby, Maureen, Ee, Carolyn, Garad, Rhonda M., Harrison, Cheryce, Hart, Roger, Misso, Marie, Morman, Rachel, Hirschberg, Angelica Lindén, Ho, Tuong, Hoeger, Kathleen, Jitpiriyaroj, Sonia, Jordan, Cailin, Legro, Richard S., Li, Rong, Lujan, Marla, Ma, Ronald C., Mansfield, Darren, Marsh, Kate, Mocanu, Edgar, Norman, Robert J., Oberfield, Sharon, Hopkins, Dawn Kimberly, Patel, Malika, Peña, Alexia, Redman, Leanne, Rombauts, Luk, Romualdi, Daniela, Shah, Duru, Spritzer, Poli Mara, Stener-Victorin, Elisabet, Tehrani, Fahimeh Ramezani, Thangaratinam, Shakila, Thondan, Mala, Vanky, Eszter, Al Wattar, Bassel H., Wijeyaratne, Chandrika, Witchel, Selma, Yang, Dongzi, Yildiz, Bulent O., Teede, H.J., Gibson, M., Laven, J., Dokras, A., Moran, L.J., Piltonin, T., Costello, M., Mousa, A., Joham, A.E., and Tay, C.T.

Published
2024
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13. Second international consensus report on gaps and opportunities for the clinical translation of precision diabetes medicine

Author

Tobias, Deirdre K., Merino, Jordi, Ahmad, Abrar, Aiken, Catherine, Benham, Jamie L., Bodhini, Dhanasekaran, Clark, Amy L., Colclough, Kevin, Corcoy, Rosa, Cromer, Sara J., Duan, Daisy, Felton, Jamie L., Francis, Ellen C., Gillard, Pieter, Gingras, Véronique, Gaillard, Romy, Haider, Eram, Hughes, Alice, Ikle, Jennifer M., Jacobsen, Laura M., Kahkoska, Anna R., Kettunen, Jarno L. T., Kreienkamp, Raymond J., Lim, Lee-Ling, Männistö, Jonna M. E., Massey, Robert, Mclennan, Niamh-Maire, Miller, Rachel G., Morieri, Mario Luca, Most, Jasper, Naylor, Rochelle N., Ozkan, Bige, Patel, Kashyap Amratlal, Pilla, Scott J., Prystupa, Katsiaryna, Raghavan, Sridharan, Rooney, Mary R., Schön, Martin, Semnani-Azad, Zhila, Sevilla-Gonzalez, Magdalena, Svalastoga, Pernille, Takele, Wubet Worku, Tam, Claudia Ha-ting, Thuesen, Anne Cathrine B., Tosur, Mustafa, Wallace, Amelia S., Wang, Caroline C., Wong, Jessie J., Yamamoto, Jennifer M., Young, Katherine, Amouyal, Chloé, Andersen, Mette K., Bonham, Maxine P., Chen, Mingling, Cheng, Feifei, Chikowore, Tinashe, Chivers, Sian C., Clemmensen, Christoffer, Dabelea, Dana, Dawed, Adem Y., Deutsch, Aaron J., Dickens, Laura T., DiMeglio, Linda A., Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer, Monika, Evans-Molina, Carmella, Fernández-Balsells, María Mercè, Fitipaldi, Hugo, Fitzpatrick, Stephanie L., Gitelman, Stephen E., Goodarzi, Mark O., Grieger, Jessica A., Guasch-Ferré, Marta, Habibi, Nahal, Hansen, Torben, Huang, Chuiguo, Harris-Kawano, Arianna, Ismail, Heba M., Hoag, Benjamin, Johnson, Randi K., Jones, Angus G., Koivula, Robert W., Leong, Aaron, Leung, Gloria K. W., Libman, Ingrid M., Liu, Kai, Long, S. Alice, Lowe, Jr, William L., Morton, Robert W., Motala, Ayesha A., Onengut-Gumuscu, Suna, Pankow, James S., Pathirana, Maleesa, Pazmino, Sofia, Perez, Dianna, Petrie, John R., Powe, Camille E., Quinteros, Alejandra, Jain, Rashmi, Ray, Debashree, Ried-Larsen, Mathias, Saeed, Zeb, Santhakumar, Vanessa, Kanbour, Sarah, Sarkar, Sudipa, Monaco, Gabriela S. F., Scholtens, Denise M., Selvin, Elizabeth, Sheu, Wayne Huey-Herng, Speake, Cate, Stanislawski, Maggie A., Steenackers, Nele, Steck, Andrea K., Stefan, Norbert, Støy, Julie, Taylor, Rachael, Tye, Sok Cin, Ukke, Gebresilasea Gendisha, Urazbayeva, Marzhan, Van der Schueren, Bart, Vatier, Camille, Wentworth, John M., Hannah, Wesley, White, Sara L., Yu, Gechang, Zhang, Yingchai, Zhou, Shao J., Beltrand, Jacques, Polak, Michel, Aukrust, Ingvild, de Franco, Elisa, Flanagan, Sarah E., Maloney, Kristin A., McGovern, Andrew, Molnes, Janne, Nakabuye, Mariam, Njølstad, Pål Rasmus, Pomares-Millan, Hugo, Provenzano, Michele, Saint-Martin, Cécile, Zhang, Cuilin, Zhu, Yeyi, Auh, Sungyoung, de Souza, Russell, Fawcett, Andrea J., Gruber, Chandra, Mekonnen, Eskedar Getie, Mixter, Emily, Sherifali, Diana, Eckel, Robert H., Nolan, John J., Philipson, Louis H., Brown, Rebecca J., Billings, Liana K., Boyle, Kristen, Costacou, Tina, Dennis, John M., Florez, Jose C., Gloyn, Anna L., Gomez, Maria F., Gottlieb, Peter A., Greeley, Siri Atma W., Griffin, Kurt, Hattersley, Andrew T., Hirsch, Irl B., Hivert, Marie-France, Hood, Korey K., Josefson, Jami L., Kwak, Soo Heon, Laffel, Lori M., Lim, Siew S., Loos, Ruth J. F., Ma, Ronald C. W., Mathieu, Chantal, Mathioudakis, Nestoras, Meigs, James B., Misra, Shivani, Mohan, Viswanathan, Murphy, Rinki, Oram, Richard, Owen, Katharine R., Ozanne, Susan E., Pearson, Ewan R., Perng, Wei, Pollin, Toni I., Pop-Busui, Rodica, Pratley, Richard E., Redman, Leanne M., Redondo, Maria J., Reynolds, Rebecca M., Semple, Robert K., Sherr, Jennifer L., Sims, Emily K., Sweeting, Arianne, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Udler, Miriam S., Vesco, Kimberly K., Vilsbøll, Tina, Wagner, Robert, Rich, Stephen S., and Franks, Paul W.

Published
2023
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18. A novel electronic health record-based, machine-learning model to predict severe hypoglycemia leading to hospitalizations in older adults with diabetes: A territory-wide cohort and modeling study

Author

Shi, Mai, Yang, Aimin, Lau, Eric S. H., Luk, Andrea O. Y., Ma, Ronald C. W., Kong, Alice P. S., Wong, Raymond S. M., Chan, Jones C. M., Chan, Juliana C. N., and Chow, Elaine

Subjects
Hospitals -- Emergency service, Medical records, Blood sugar, Machine learning, Electronic records, Diabetics, Neural networks, Type 2 diabetes, Algorithms, Neural network, Algorithm, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Older adults with diabetes are at high risk of severe hypoglycemia (SH). Many machine-learning (ML) models predict short-term hypoglycemia are not specific for older adults and show poor precision-recall. We aimed to develop a multidimensional, electronic health record (EHR)-based ML model to predict one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization in older adults with diabetes. Methods and findings We adopted a case-control design for a retrospective territory-wide cohort of 1,456,618 records from 364,863 unique older adults (age [greater than or equal to]65 years) with diabetes and at least 1 Hong Kong Hospital Authority attendance from 2013 to 2018. We used 258 predictors including demographics, admissions, diagnoses, medications, and routine laboratory tests in a one-year period to predict SH events requiring hospitalization in the following 12 months. The cohort was randomly split into training, testing, and internal validation sets in a 7:2:1 ratio. Six ML algorithms were evaluated including logistic-regression, random forest, gradient boost machine, deep neural network (DNN), XGBoost, and Rulefit. We tested our model in a temporal validation cohort in the Hong Kong Diabetes Register with predictors defined in 2018 and outcome events defined in 2019. Predictive performance was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) statistics, and positive predictive value (PPV). We identified 11,128 SH events requiring hospitalization during the observation periods. The XGBoost model yielded the best performance (AUROC = 0.978 [95% CI 0.972 to 0.984]; AUPRC = 0.670 [95% CI 0.652 to 0.688]; PPV = 0.721 [95% CI 0.703 to 0.739]). This was superior to an 11-variable conventional logistic-regression model comprised of age, sex, history of SH, hypertension, blood glucose, kidney function measurements, and use of oral glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) (AUROC = 0.906; AUPRC = 0.085; PPV = 0.468). Top impactful predictors included non-use of lipid-regulating drugs, in-patient admission, urgent emergency triage, insulin use, and history of SH. External validation in the HKDR cohort yielded AUROC of 0.856 [95% CI 0.838 to 0.873]. Main limitations of this study included limited transportability of the model and lack of geographically independent validation. Conclusions Our novel-ML model demonstrated good discrimination and high precision in predicting one-year risk of SH requiring hospitalization. This may be integrated into EHR decision support systems for preemptive intervention in older adults at highest risk., Author(s): Mai Shi 1,2, Aimin Yang 1,3, Eric S. H. Lau 1,2, Andrea O. Y. Luk 1,2,3, Ronald C. W. Ma 1,2,3, Alice P. S. Kong 1,2,3, Raymond S. M. [...]

Published
2024
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20. 1-year weight change after diabetes diagnosis and long-term incidence and sustainability of remission of type 2 diabetes in real-world settings in Hong Kong: An observational cohort study

Author

Wu, Hongjiang, Yang, Aimin, Lau, Eric S. H., Zhang, Xinge, Fan, Baoqi, Ma, Ronald C. W., Kong, Alice P. S., Chow, Elaine, So, Wing-Yee, Chan, Juliana C. N., and Luk, Andrea O. Y.

Subjects
Glycosylated hemoglobin -- Measurement -- Health aspects, Obesity -- Surgery, Type 2 diabetes -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Health risk assessment -- Methods, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Clinical trials have demonstrated that remission of type 2 diabetes can be achieved following sustained weight loss. However, the feasibility of achieving diabetes remission through weight management in real-world settings remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the association of weight change at 1 year after diabetes diagnosis with long-term incidence and sustainability of type 2 diabetes remission in real-world settings in Hong Kong. Methods and findings This was a population-based observational cohort study. The territory-wide Risk Assessment and Management Programme for Diabetes Mellitus (RAMP-DM) provides regular comprehensive assessments of metabolic control and complication screening for people with diabetes in Hong Kong. We included 37,326 people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in the RAMP-DM between 2000 and 2017, followed until 2019. Diabetes remission was defined as 2 consecutive HbA1c Conclusions In this study, greater weight loss within the first year of diabetes diagnosis was associated with an increased likelihood of achieving diabetes remission and a decreased risk of returning to hyperglycaemia among those who had achieved diabetes remission. However, both the incidence of diabetes remission and the probability of its long-term sustainability were low with conventional management in real-world settings, in an era when the importance of weight loss was not fully appreciated. Our study provides evidence for policymakers to design and implement early weight management interventions and diabetes remission initiatives., Author(s): Hongjiang Wu 1, Aimin Yang 1,2, Eric S. H. Lau 1, Xinge Zhang 1, Baoqi Fan 1, Ronald C. W. Ma 1,2,3, Alice P. S. Kong 1,2,3, Elaine Chow [...]

Published
2024
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22. Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation

Author

Mahajan, Anubha, Spracklen, Cassandra N., Zhang, Weihua, Ng, Maggie C. Y., Petty, Lauren E., Kitajima, Hidetoshi, Yu, Grace Z., Rüeger, Sina, Speidel, Leo, Kim, Young Jin, Horikoshi, Momoko, Mercader, Josep M., Taliun, Daniel, Moon, Sanghoon, Kwak, Soo-Heon, Robertson, Neil R., Rayner, Nigel W., Loh, Marie, Kim, Bong-Jo, Chiou, Joshua, Miguel-Escalada, Irene, della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lin, Kuang, Bragg, Fiona, Preuss, Michael H., Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Nano, Jana, Guo, Xiuqing, Lamri, Amel, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Scott, Robert A., Lee, Jung-Jin, Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia, Graff, Mariaelisa, Chai, Jin-Fang, Parra, Esteban J., Yao, Jie, Bielak, Lawrence F., Tabara, Yasuharu, Hai, Yang, Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur, Cook, James P., Kals, Mart, Grarup, Niels, Schmidt, Ellen M., Pan, Ian, Sofer, Tamar, Wuttke, Matthias, Sarnowski, Chloe, Gieger, Christian, Nousome, Darryl, Trompet, Stella, Long, Jirong, Sun, Meng, Tong, Lin, Chen, Wei-Min, Ahmad, Meraj, Noordam, Raymond, Lim, Victor J. Y., Tam, Claudia H. T., Joo, Yoonjung Yoonie, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Raffield, Laura M., Lecoeur, Cécile, Prins, Bram Peter, Nicolas, Aude, Yanek, Lisa R., Chen, Guanjie, Jensen, Richard A., Tajuddin, Salman, Kabagambe, Edmond K., An, Ping, Xiang, Anny H., Choi, Hyeok Sun, Cade, Brian E., Tan, Jingyi, Flanagan, Jack, Abaitua, Fernando, Adair, Linda S., Adeyemo, Adebowale, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Akiyama, Masato, Anand, Sonia S., Bertoni, Alain, Bian, Zheng, Bork-Jensen, Jette, Brandslund, Ivan, Brody, Jennifer A., Brummett, Chad M., Buchanan, Thomas A., Canouil, Mickaël, Chan, Juliana C. N., Chang, Li-Ching, Chee, Miao-Li, Chen, Ji, Chen, Shyh-Huei, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chen, Zhengming, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Cushman, Mary, Das, Swapan K., de Silva, H. Janaka, Dedoussis, George, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Doumatey, Ayo P., Du, Shufa, Duan, Qing, Eckardt, Kai-Uwe, Emery, Leslie S., Evans, Daniel S., Evans, Michele K., Fischer, Krista, Floyd, James S., Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franco, Oscar H., Frayling, Timothy M., Freedman, Barry I., Fuchsberger, Christian, Genter, Pauline, Gerstein, Hertzel C., Giedraitis, Vilmantas, González-Villalpando, Clicerio, González-Villalpando, Maria Elena, Goodarzi, Mark O., Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gorkin, David, Gross, Myron, Guo, Yu, Hackinger, Sophie, Han, Sohee, Hattersley, Andrew T., Herder, Christian, Howard, Annie-Green, Hsueh, Willa, Huang, Mengna, Huang, Wei, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Hwu, Chii-Min, Ichihara, Sahoko, Ikram, Mohammad Arfan, Ingelsson, Martin, Islam, Md Tariqul, Isono, Masato, Jang, Hye-Mi, Jasmine, Farzana, Jiang, Guozhi, Jonas, Jost B., Jørgensen, Marit E., Jørgensen, Torben, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kandeel, Fouad R., Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kaur, Varinderpal, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Keaton, Jacob M., Kho, Abel N., Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kibriya, Muhammad G., Kim, Duk-Hwan, Kohara, Katsuhiko, Kriebel, Jennifer, Kronenberg, Florian, Kuusisto, Johanna, Läll, Kristi, Lange, Leslie A., Lee, Myung-Shik, Lee, Nanette R., Leong, Aaron, Li, Liming, Li, Yun, Li-Gao, Ruifang, Ligthart, Symen, Lindgren, Cecilia M., Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Liu, Jianjun, Locke, Adam E., Louie, Tin, Luan, Jian’an, Luk, Andrea O., Luo, Xi, Lv, Jun, Lyssenko, Valeriya, Mamakou, Vasiliki, Mani, K. Radha, Meitinger, Thomas, Metspalu, Andres, Morris, Andrew D., Nadkarni, Girish N., Nadler, Jerry L., Nalls, Michael A., Nayak, Uma, Nongmaithem, Suraj S., Ntalla, Ioanna, Okada, Yukinori, Orozco, Lorena, Patel, Sanjay R., Pereira, Mark A., Peters, Annette, Pirie, Fraser J., Porneala, Bianca, Prasad, Gauri, Preissl, Sebastian, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J., Reiner, Alexander P., Roden, Michael, Rohde, Rebecca, Roll, Kathryn, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sander, Maike, Sandow, Kevin, Sattar, Naveed, Schönherr, Sebastian, Schurmann, Claudia, Shahriar, Mohammad, Shi, Jinxiu, Shin, Dong Mun, Shriner, Daniel, Smith, Jennifer A., So, Wing Yee, Stančáková, Alena, Stilp, Adrienne M., Strauch, Konstantin, Suzuki, Ken, Takahashi, Atsushi, Taylor, Kent D., Thorand, Barbara, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Tomlinson, Brian, Torres, Jason M., Tsai, Fuu-Jen, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tusie-Luna, Teresa, Udler, Miriam S., Valladares-Salgado, Adan, van Dam, Rob M., van Klinken, Jan B., Varma, Rohit, Vujkovic, Marijana, Wacher-Rodarte, Niels, Wheeler, Eleanor, Whitsel, Eric A., Wickremasinghe, Ananda R., van Dijk, Ko Willems, Witte, Daniel R., Yajnik, Chittaranjan S., Yamamoto, Ken, Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Yengo, Loïc, Yoon, Kyungheon, Yu, Canqing, Yuan, Jian-Min, Yusuf, Salim, Zhang, Liang, Zheng, Wei, Raffel, Leslie J., Igase, Michiya, Ipp, Eli, Redline, Susan, Cho, Yoon Shin, Lind, Lars, Province, Michael A., Hanis, Craig L., Peyser, Patricia A., Ingelsson, Erik, Zonderman, Alan B., Psaty, Bruce M., Wang, Ya-Xing, Rotimi, Charles N., Becker, Diane M., Matsuda, Fumihiko, Liu, Yongmei, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Rich, Stephen S., Kooperberg, Charles, Pankow, James S., Engert, James C., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Froguel, Philippe, Wilson, James G., Sheu, Wayne H. H., Kardia, Sharon L. R., Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Hayes, M. Geoffrey, Ma, Ronald C. W., Wong, Tien-Yin, Groop, Leif, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Chandak, Giriraj R., Collins, Francis S., Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan, Paré, Guillaume, Sale, Michèle M., Ahsan, Habibul, Motala, Ayesha A., Shu, Xiao-Ou, Park, Kyong-Soo, Jukema, J. Wouter, Cruz, Miguel, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Grallert, Harald, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Bottinger, Erwin P., Dehghan, Abbas, Tai, E-Shyong, Dupuis, Josée, Kato, Norihiro, Laakso, Markku, Köttgen, Anna, Koh, Woon-Puay, Palmer, Colin N. A., Liu, Simin, Abecasis, Goncalo, Kooner, Jaspal S., Loos, Ruth J. F., North, Kari E., Haiman, Christopher A., Florez, Jose C., Saleheen, Danish, Hansen, Torben, Pedersen, Oluf, Mägi, Reedik, Langenberg, Claudia, Wareham, Nicholas J., Maeda, Shiro, Kadowaki, Takashi, Lee, Juyoung, Millwood, Iona Y., Walters, Robin G., Stefansson, Kari, Myers, Simon R., Ferrer, Jorge, Gaulton, Kyle J., Meigs, James B., Mohlke, Karen L., Gloyn, Anna L., Bowden, Donald W., Below, Jennifer E., Chambers, John C., Sim, Xueling, Boehnke, Michael, Rotter, Jerome I., McCarthy, Mark I., and Morris, Andrew P.

Published
2022
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24. Higher risk of incident diabetes among patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Author

Zhang, Yingchai, Wu, Hongjiang, Yang, Aimin, Y.H. Ng, Noel, Zhang, Xinge, Lau, Eric S. H., Chow, Edith W. K., Kong, Alice P. S., Chow, Elaine Y. K., Chan, Juliana C. N., Luk, Andrea O. Y., and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Subjects
PEOPLE with diabetes, MEDIAN (Mathematics), DIABETES, REGRESSION analysis, HYPERCALCEMIA
Abstract

Objectives: There is relatively scarce data regarding the association between primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and incident diabetes in large population‐based longitudinal studies. We aimed to evaluate the risk of incident diabetes in individuals with and without PHPT and investigate the association between serum calcium concentrations and the risk of incident diabetes in patients with PHPT. Methods: We included 2749 PHPT patients and 13,745 age, sex and index year matched non‐PHPT individuals during 2000–2019. We used Cox regression models to compare the risk of incident diabetes in individuals with and without PHPT, and the risk of incident diabetes in PHPT patients with serum calcium concentration above and below the median value. The association between serum calcium concentrations and the risk of incident diabetes was examined by restricted cubic spline analyses in patients with PHPT. Results: During a median follow‐up time of 5.17 years (IQR 2.17, 9.58), 433 patients (15.75%) with PHPT and 2110 individuals (15.35%) without PHPT developed diabetes, respectively. Patients with PHPT had a higher incidence rate of diabetes compared to non‐PHPT individuals (27.60 [95% CI 25.00, 30.30] vs. 23.90 [95% CI 22.80, 24.90] per 1000 person‐years, log‐rank test p =.007]. Crude Cox regression model showed PHPT was associated with a 15% higher risk of incident diabetes (HR 1.15, 95%CI 1.04, 1.28). In patients with PHPT, a 44% higher risk of incident diabetes was found in patients with serum calcium concentrations above the median value (2.63 mmol/L), compared to those below the median value (HR 1.44, 95%CI 1.08, 1.90). Restricted cubic spline analyses confirmed a positive linear association between serum calcium concentrations and the risk of incident diabetes in those with PHPT (p‐value for nonlinear =.751) Conclusions: Patients with PHPT had a higher risk of incident diabetes compared to non‐PHPT individuals. A positive linear association was found between serum calcium concentrations and the risk of incident diabetes in patients with PHPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. Age- and sex-specific hospital bed-day rates in people with and without type 2 diabetes: A territory-wide population-based cohort study of 1.5 million people in Hong Kong

Author

Wu, Hongjiang, Yang, Aimin, Lau, Eric S. H., Zhang, Xinge, Fan, Baoqi, Shi, Mai, Huang, Chuiguo, Ma, Ronald C. W., Kong, Alice P. S., Chow, Elaine, So, Wing-Yee, Chan, Juliana C. N., and Luk, Andrea O. Y.

Subjects
Age factors in disease -- Analysis, Sex factors in disease -- Analysis, Hospital utilization -- Length of stay, Type 2 diabetes -- Statistics -- Demographic aspects -- Care and treatment, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Type 2 diabetes affects multiple systems. We aimed to compare age- and sex-specific rates of all-cause and cause-specific hospital bed-days between people with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods and findings Data were provided by the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. We included 1,516,508 one-to-one matched people with incident type 2 diabetes (n = 758,254) and those without diabetes during the entire follow-up period (n = 758,254) between 2002 and 2018, followed until 2019. People with type 2 diabetes and controls were matched for age at index date (±2 years), sex, and index year (±2 years). We defined hospital bed-day rate as total inpatient bed-days divided by follow-up time. We constructed negative binominal regression models to estimate hospital bed-day rate ratios (RRs) by age at diabetes diagnosis and sex. All RRs were stratified by sex and adjusted for age and index year. During a median of 7.8 years of follow-up, 60.5% (n = 459,440) of people with type 2 diabetes and 56.5% (n = 428,296) of controls had a hospital admission for any cause, with a hospital bed-day rate of 3,359 bed-days and 2,350 bed-days per 1,000 person-years, respectively. All-cause hospital bed-day rate increased with increasing age in controls, but showed a J-shaped relationship with age in people with type 2 diabetes, with 38.4% of bed-days in those diagnosed Conclusions In this study, we observed that type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risks of hospital bed-days for a wide range of medical conditions, with an excess burden of mental health disorders in people diagnosed at a young age. Age and sex differences should be considered in planning preventive and therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes. Effective control of risk factors with a focus on mental health disorders are urgently needed in young people with type 2 diabetes. Healthcare systems and policymakers should consider allocating adequate resources and developing strategies to meet the mental health needs of young people with type 2 diabetes, including integrating mental health services into diabetes care., Author(s): Hongjiang Wu 1, Aimin Yang 1,2, Eric S. H. Lau 1, Xinge Zhang 1, Baoqi Fan 1, Mai Shi 1, Chuiguo Huang 1, Ronald C. W. Ma 1,2,3, Alice [...]

Published
2023
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27. Relative leucocyte telomere length is associated with incident end-stage kidney disease and rapid decline of kidney function in type 2 diabetes: analysis from the Hong Kong Diabetes Register

Author

Cheng, Feifei, Luk, Andrea O., Wu, Hongjiang, Tam, Claudia H. T., Lim, Cadmon K. P., Fan, Baoqi, Jiang, Guozhi, Carroll, Luke, Yang, Aimin, Lau, Eric S. H., Ng, Alex C. W., Lee, Heung Man, Chow, Elaine, Kong, Alice P. S., Keech, Anthony C., Joglekar, Mugdha V., So, Wing Yee, Hardikar, Anandwardhan A., Chan, Juliana C. N., Jenkins, Alicia J., and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Published
2022
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29. Combined associations of family history and self-management with age at diagnosis and cardiometabolic risk in 86,931 patients with type 2 diabetes: Joint Asia Diabetes Evaluation (JADE) Register from 11 countries

Author

Cheung, Johnny T. K., Lau, Eric, Tsui, Cyrus C. T., Siu, Edmond L. N., Tse, Naomi K. W., Hui, Nicole Y. L., Ma, Ronald C. W., Kong, Alice P. S., Fu, Amy, Lau, Vanessa, Jia, Weiping, Sheu, Wayne H. H., Sobrepena, Leorino, Yoon, K. H., Tan, Alexander T. B., Chia, Yook-Chin, Sosale, Aravind, Saboo, Banshi D., Kesavadev, Jothydev, Goh, Su-Yen, Nguyen, Thy Khue, Thewjitcharoen, Yotsapon, Suwita, Raymond, Luk, Andrea O. Y., Yang, Aimin, Chow, Elaine, Lim, Lee Ling, and Chan, Juliana C. N.

Published
2022
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31. High-density lipoprotein subclasses and cardiovascular disease and mortality in type 2 diabetes: analysis from the Hong Kong Diabetes Biobank

Author

Jin, Qiao, Lau, Eric S. H., Luk, Andrea O., Tam, Claudia H. T., Ozaki, Risa, Lim, Cadmon K. P., Wu, Hongjiang, Chow, Elaine Y. K., Kong, Alice P. S., Lee, Heung Man, Fan, Baoqi, Ng, Alex C. W., Jiang, Guozhi, Lee, Ka Fai, Siu, Shing Chung, Hui, Grace, Tsang, Chiu Chi, Lau, Kam Piu, Leung, Jenny Y., Tsang, Man-wo, Cheung, Elaine Y. N., Kam, Grace, Lau, Ip Tim, Li, June K., Yeung, Vincent T., Lau, Emmy, Lo, Stanley, Fung, Samuel, Cheng, Yuk Lun, Chow, Chun Chung, Yu, Weichuan, Tsui, Stephen K. W., Huang, Yu, Lan, Hui-yao, Szeto, Cheuk Chun, So, Wing Yee, Jenkins, Alicia J., Chan, Juliana C. N., and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Published
2022
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32. Early emergence of sexual dimorphism in offspring leukocyte telomere length was associated with maternal and children’s glucose metabolism—a longitudinal study

Author

Wong, Kwun Kiu, Cheng, Feifei, Lim, Cadmon K. P., Tam, Claudia H. T., Tutino, Greg, Yuen, Lai Yuk, Wang, Chi Chiu, Hou, Yong, Chan, Michael H. M., Ho, Chung Shun, Joglekar, Mugdha V., Hardikar, Anandwardhan A., Jenkins, Alicia J., Metzger, Boyd E., Lowe, Jr., William L., Tam, Wing Hung, and Ma, Ronald C. W.

Published
2022
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33. Association of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor initiation at glycated haemoglobin <7.5% with reduced major clinical events mediated by low glycated haemoglobin variability

Author

Cheung, Johnny T. K., primary, Yang, Aimin, additional, Wu, Hongjiang, additional, Lau, Eric S. H., additional, Lui, Juliana, additional, Kong, Alice P. S., additional, Ma, Ronald C. W., additional, Luk, Andrea O. Y., additional, Chow, Elaine, additional, and Chan, Juliana C. N., additional

Published
2024
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34. Characterising frailty, metrics of continuous glucose monitoring, and mortality hazards in older adults with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy (HARE): a prospective, observational cohort study

Author

Fung, Erik, Lui, Leong-Ting, Huang, Lei, Cheng, King Fai, Lau, Gloria H W, Chung, Yi Ting, Ahmadabadi, Behzad Nasiri, Xie, Suyi, Lee, Jenny S W, Hui, Elsie, So, Wing Yee, Sung, Joseph J Y, King, Irwin, Goggins, William B, Chan, Queenie, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Ma, Ronald C W, Chow, Elaine, and Kwok, Timothy

Published
2021
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39. Cord blood ceramides facilitate early risk identification into childhood metabolic health.

Author

Zheng, Jia, Lam, Sin Man, Jiang, Binhua, Mao, Lili, Liu, Jieying, Zhang, Qian, Yu, Miao, Lim, Wei Ling Florence, Tam, Claudia H T, Lowe, William L, Tam, Wing Hung, Gao, Ying, Zhang, Junqing, Ma, Ronald C W, Xiao, Xinhua, and Shui, Guanghou

Subjects
LOW birth weight, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, SOMATOMEDIN C, PREGNANCY proteins, SELENOPROTEINS, LOW density lipoproteins, TUBULINS
Abstract

The article in the National Science Review explores the relationship between cord blood ceramides and childhood metabolic health. The study analyzes sphingolipidome in umbilical cord blood to identify functional sphingolipids associated with birth weight. The research suggests that cord blood ceramides, particularly those with medium to very long fatty acyl chains, are linked to unhealthy birth weights. Additionally, the study demonstrates the predictive potential of cord blood ceramides for childhood metabolic health, highlighting the importance of monitoring and potentially adjusting intrauterine fetal growth to optimize long-term metabolic outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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41. The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives

Author

Chan, Juliana C N, Lim, Lee-Ling, Wareham, Nicholas J, Shaw, Jonathan E, Orchard, Trevor J, Zhang, Ping, Lau, Eric S H, Eliasson, Björn, Kong, Alice P S, Ezzati, Majid, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, McGill, Margaret, Levitt, Naomi S, Ning, Guang, So, Wing-Yee, Adams, Jean, Bracco, Paula, Forouhi, Nita G, Gregory, Gabriel A, Guo, Jingchuan, Hua, Xinyang, Klatman, Emma L, Magliano, Dianna J, Ng, Boon-Peng, Ogilvie, David, Panter, Jenna, Pavkov, Meda, Shao, Hui, Unwin, Nigel, White, Martin, Wou, Constance, Ma, Ronald C W, Schmidt, Maria I, Ramachandran, Ambady, Seino, Yutaka, Bennett, Peter H, Oldenburg, Brian, Gagliardino, Juan José, Luk, Andrea O Y, Clarke, Philip M, Ogle, Graham D, Davies, Melanie J, Holman, Rury R, and Gregg, Edward W

Published
2020
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42. A polysaccharide extract from the medicinal plant Maidong inhibits the IKK–NF-κB pathway and IL-1β–induced islet inflammation and increases insulin secretion

Author

Mao, Dandan, Tian, Xiao Yu, Mao, Di, Hung, Sze Wan, Wang, Chi Chiu, Lau, Clara Bik San, Lee, Heung Man, Wong, Chun Kwok, Chow, Elaine, Ming, Xing, Cao, Huanyi, Ma, Ronald C., Chan, Paul K.S., Kong, Alice P.S., Li, Joshua J.X., Rutter, Guy A., Tam, Wing Hung, and Chan, Juliana C.N.

Published
2020
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45. Age-specific population attributable risk factors for all-cause and cause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes: An analysis of a 6-year prospective cohort study of over 360,000 people in Hong Kong

Author

Wu, Hongjiang, Lau, Eric S. H., Yang, Aimin, Zhang, Xinge, Fan, Baoqi, Ma, Ronald C. W., Kong, Alice P. S., Chow, Elaine, So, Wing-Yee, Chan, Juliana C. N., and Luk, Andrea O. Y.

Subjects
Comorbidity -- Risk factors -- Demographic aspects -- Patient outcomes, Type 2 diabetes -- Demographic aspects -- Patient outcomes, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased in both young and old people. We examined age-specific associations and population attributable fractions (PAFs) of risk factors for all-cause and cause-specific mortality in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods and findings We analysed data from 360,202 Chinese with type 2 diabetes who participated in a territory-wide diabetes complication screening programme in Hong Kong between January 2000 and December 2019. We compared the hazard ratios and PAFs of eight risk factors, including three major comorbidities (cardiovascular disease [CVD], chronic kidney disease [CKD], all-site cancer) and five modifiable risk factors (suboptimal HbA1c, suboptimal blood pressure, suboptimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, and suboptimal weight), for mortality across four age groups (18 to 54, 55 to 64, 65 to 74, and [greater than or equal to]75 years). During a median 6.0 years of follow-up, 44,396 people died, with cancer, CVD, and pneumonia being the leading causes of death. Despite a higher absolute mortality risk in older people (crude all-cause mortality rate: 59.7 versus 596.2 per 10,000 person-years in people aged 18 to 54 years versus those aged [greater than or equal to]75 years), the relative risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality associated with most risk factors was higher in younger than older people, after mutually adjusting for the eight risk factors and other potential confounders including sex, diabetes duration, lipid profile, and medication use. The eight risk factors explained a larger proportion of mortality events in the youngest (PAF: 51.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] [39.1%, 64.0%], p < 0.001) than the oldest (PAF: 35.3%, 95% CI [27.2%, 43.4%], p < 0.001) age group. Suboptimal blood pressure (PAF: 16.9%, 95% CI [14.7%, 19.1%], p < 0.001) was the leading attributable risk factor for all-cause mortality in the youngest age group, while CKD (PAF: 15.2%, 95% CI [14.0%, 16.4%], p < 0.001) and CVD (PAF: 9.2%, 95% CI [8.3%, 10.1%], p < 0.001) were the leading attributable risk factors in the oldest age group. The analysis was restricted to Chinese, which might affect the generalisability to the global population with differences in risk profiles. Furthermore, PAFs were estimated under the assumption of a causal relationship between risk factors and mortality. However, reliable causality was difficult to establish in the observational study. Conclusions Major comorbidities and modifiable risk factors were associated with a greater relative risk for mortality in younger than older people with type 2 diabetes and their associations with population mortality burden varied substantially by age. These findings highlight the importance of early control of blood pressure, which could reduce premature mortality in young people with type 2 diabetes and prevent the onset of later CKD and related mortality at older ages., Author(s): Hongjiang Wu 1, Eric S. H. Lau 1, Aimin Yang 1,2, Xinge Zhang 1, Baoqi Fan 1, Ronald C. W. Ma 1,2,3, Alice P. S. Kong 1,2,3, Elaine Chow [...]

Published
2023
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48. Identification of type 2 diabetes loci in 433,540 East Asian individuals

Author

Spracklen, Cassandra N., Horikoshi, Momoko, Kim, Young Jin, Lin, Kuang, Bragg, Fiona, Moon, Sanghoon, Suzuki, Ken, Tam, Claudia H. T., Tabara, Yasuharu, Kwak, Soo-Heon, Takeuchi, Fumihiko, Long, Jirong, Lim, Victor J. Y., Chai, Jin-Fang, Chen, Chien-Hsiun, Nakatochi, Masahiro, Yao, Jie, Choi, Hyeok Sun, Iyengar, Apoorva K., Perrin, Hannah J., Brotman, Sarah M., van de Bunt, Martijn, Gloyn, Anna L., Below, Jennifer E., Boehnke, Michael, Bowden, Donald W., Chambers, John C., Mahajan, Anubha, McCarthy, Mark I., Ng, Maggie C. Y., Petty, Lauren E., Zhang, Weihua, Morris, Andrew P., Adair, Linda S., Akiyama, Masato, Bian, Zheng, Chan, Juliana C. N., Chang, Li-Ching, Chee, Miao-Li, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chen, Zhengming, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Du, Shufa, Gordon-Larsen, Penny, Gross, Myron, Guo, Xiuqing, Guo, Yu, Han, Sohee, Howard, Annie-Green, Huang, Wei, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hwang, Mi Yeong, Hwu, Chii-Min, Ichihara, Sahoko, Isono, Masato, Jang, Hye-Mi, Jiang, Guozhi, Jonas, Jost B., Kamatani, Yoichiro, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Khor, Chiea-Chuen, Kohara, Katsuhiko, Lee, Myung-Shik, Lee, Nanette R., Li, Liming, Liu, Jianjun, Luk, Andrea O., Lv, Jun, Okada, Yukinori, Pereira, Mark A., Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Shi, Jinxiu, Shin, Dong Mun, So, Wing Yee, Takahashi, Atsushi, Tomlinson, Brian, Tsai, Fuu-Jen, van Dam, Rob M., Xiang, Yong-Bing, Yamamoto, Ken, Yamauchi, Toshimasa, Yoon, Kyungheon, Yu, Canqing, Yuan, Jian-Min, Zhang, Liang, Zheng, Wei, Igase, Michiya, Cho, Yoon Shin, Rotter, Jerome I., Wang, Ya-Xing, Sheu, Wayne H. H., Yokota, Mitsuhiro, Wu, Jer-Yuarn, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Wong, Tien-Yin, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Kato, Norihiro, Park, Kyong-Soo, Tai, E-Shyong, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Koh, Woon-Puay, Ma, Ronald C. W., Maeda, Shiro, Millwood, Iona Y., Lee, Juyoung, Kadowaki, Takashi, Walters, Robin G., Kim, Bong-Jo, Mohlke, Karen L., and Sim, Xueling

Published
2020
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50. Monogenic diabetes in a Chinese population with young‐onset diabetes: A 17‐year prospective follow‐up study in Hong Kong.

Author

Tsoi, Sandra T. F., Lim, Cadmon, Ma, Ronald C. W., Lau, Eric S. H., Fan, Baoqi, Chow, Elaine, Kong, Alice P. S., Chan, Juliana C. N., and Luk, Andrea O. Y.

Subjects
CHINESE people, MATURITY onset diabetes of the young, CHRONIC kidney failure, DIABETES, DIABETES complications, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
Abstract

Aims: Asians have a high prevalence of young‐onset diabetes, but the pattern of monogenic diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of monogenic diabetes in Chinese patients with young‐onset diabetes and compare the clinical characteristics and outcome between patients with and without monogenic diabetes. Materials and Methods: We sequenced a targeted panel of 33 genes related to monogenic diabetes in 1021 Chinese patients with non‐type 1 diabetes diagnosed at age ≤40 years. Incident complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD), end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) and all‐cause death were captured since enrolment (1995–2012) until 2019. Results: In this cohort (mean ± SD age at diagnosis: 33.0 ± 6.0 years, median[IQR] diabetes duration 7.0[1.0–15.0] years at baseline, 44.9% men), 22(2.2%, 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.4%–3.2%) had monogenic diabetes. Pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) variants were detected in GCK (n = 6), HNF1A (n = 9), HNF4A (n = 1), PLIN1 (n = 1) and PPARG (n = 2), together with copy number variations in HNF1B (n = 3). Over a median follow‐up of 17.1 years, 5(22.7%) patients with monogenic diabetes (incidence rate 12.3[95% CI 5.1–29.4] per 1000 person‐years) versus 254(25.4%) without monogenic diabetes (incidence rate 16.7[95% CI 14.8–18.9] per 1000 person‐years) developed the composite outcome of CVD, ESKD and/or death (p = 0.490). The multivariable Cox model did not show any difference in hazards for composite events between groups. Conclusions: In Chinese with young‐onset non‐type 1 diabetes, at least 2% of cases were contributed by monogenic diabetes, over 80% of which were accounted for by P/LP variants in common MODY genes. The incidence of diabetes complications was similar between patients with and without monogenic diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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