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3. Mosquito vectors of yellow fever virus in areas of epidemiological risk in northeastern Argentina.

Author

LIZUAIN, ARTURO A., MUTTIS, EVANGELINA, LEPORACE, MARINA, CANO, MARÍA E., ACARDI, SORAYA, SÁNCHEZ GAVIER, FRANCISCO, AYALA, MAHIA M., BRIVIDORO, MELINA V., MARTI, GERARDO A., MICIELI, MARÍA V., and MANTECA-ACOSTA, MARIANA

Subjects
*AEDES albopictus, *YELLOW fever, *MOSQUITO vectors, *AEDES, *BORDERLANDS
Abstract

Due to several epizootic events between 2020 and 2021 in the south of Brazil near the border with Argentina, we performed mosquito surveys in areas of epidemiological risk in northeast Argentina to evaluate abundance and distributions of mosquito vectors from the yellow fever virus (YFV) (Diptera: Culicidae). For the most abundant species, the number of individuals captured per collector was evaluated based on the capturing time range. With a total sampling effort of 191 collector-hours, we captured 676 mosquitoes belonging to 6 genera and 16 species. The most abundant species were Aedes (Ochlerotatus) scapularis (Rondani) (33.58%), Sabethes (Sabethes) albiprivus Theobald (20.27%), Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (17.75%) and Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus (Dyar and Shannon) (15.86%). Sabethes albiprivus and Ae. albopictus showed activity peaks at noon and morning, respectively, while other species showed no important time differences between 10:00AM and 15:00PM. Our results show that the most abundant mosquito species in those environments with epidemiological risk in northern Corrientes and southern Misiones are categorized as important in the transmission of the YFV. Moreover, we report an expansion of Ae. albopictus distribution and the first record of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) patersoni Shannon and Del Ponte in Corrientes and Misiones provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

4. Barcoding of mosquito species considered potential vectors of Yellow fever virus in epidemiological risk areas of northeastern Argentina.

Author

AYALA, Mahia M., MUTTIS, Evangelina, LIZUAIN, Arturo A., CANO, María E., MARTI, Gerardo A., POKLEPOVICH, Tomás, CAMPOS, Josefina, ACARDI, Soraya, LEPORACE, Marina, MANTECA-ACOSTA, Mariana, and MICIELI, María V.

Subjects
*YELLOW fever, *PHYTOPLASMAS, *SPECIES, *MOSQUITOES, *GENETIC barcoding, *CYTOCHROME oxidase
Abstract

The mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene, also called DNA barcoding, is a useful tool that complements morphological identification of species. Since nucleotide sequences from Culicidae of Argentina are limited, it is difficult to make comparisons with data from other countries present in databases due to inconsistencies or large genetic distances that are usually observed. In this work, five species of mosquitoes suspected to be vectors of Yellow fever virus were morphologically identified, confirmed by DNA barcoding and registered to the GenBank. Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Dyar & Shannon) COI sequences are the first obtained from specimens collected in Argentina. This study provides new sequences of the mosquito fauna in the region, which can be used as an additional resource in the taxonomic identification of Culicidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Diversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in yellow fever risk areas in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest of Misiones, Argentina.

Author

Brividoro, Melina V., Muttis, Evangelina, Agostini, Ilaria, Micieli, María V., and Tauro, Laura B.

Subjects
*MOSQUITOES, *INSECT viruses, *YELLOW fever, *SPECIES diversity, *PARKS, *PHYTOPLASMAS
Abstract

Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) are a very diverse taxonomic group, which mainly inhabits tropical-subtropical zones, with many species of public health significance considered vectors of different pathogens, such as the yellow fever virus (YFV) (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae). Our aim is to know the diversity of mosquito species in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest and determine the presence of vector of YFV. The study was carried out in April and November 2021 in three Provincial Parks: Piñalito, Cruce Caballero and Moconá. We used CDC-light traps and net/manual aspirator as collection techniques. Overall, across the three sites we collected 536 female adult mosquitoes and identified 13 genera and 33 species. Considering all study sites, we obtained a high Margalef diversity index (DMG=5.8). Considering all study sites together, the species with the highest relative abundance (RA) were Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Dyar and Shannon) (RA=15.3%, N=37) and Psorophora ferox (von Humboldt) (RA=16.1%, N=39). In relation to species involved in the sylvatic YF cycle, we collected Hg. leucocelaenus (a main vectors) in the three study areas and nine other species considered potential vectors (7 species in Piñalito, 5 in Cruce Caballero and 2 in Moconá). Although all of the species we found have been previously reported in Misiones, none had been documented in the studied areas; so, we expanded the distribution of all of them. We found a high diversity of species reported for Misiones (33 of 194 species), which could be related to the variety of habitats present in this portion of the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest. In addition, many of these species are of sanitary importance, which makes these areas of special interest for developing plans to monitor insects and their associated viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. Bioensayos con entomopatógenos y uso de protocolos

Author

Toledo, Andrea Vanesa, Lopez Lastra, Claudia Cristina, Gutierrez, Alejandra Concepción, Muttis, Evangelina, Garcia, Juan Jose, Lopez Lastra, Claudia Cristina, and Garcia, Juan Jose

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], BIOENSAYOS, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https]
Abstract

BIOENSAYOS. Definición: Cualquier experimento en el que se usan seres vivos como objeto de estudio para medir la potencia de un estímulo. Objetivo: El objetivo principal de un bioensayo es reflejar la realidad de como afectaría el estímulo a los organismos vivos en su medio natural. Utilidad: Los bioensayos pueden ser usados para: • Determinación de la virulencia • Comparación de la virulencia entre aislamientos • Determinación de dosis-respuesta • Determinación del rango hospedador • Determinación del potencial epizoótico • Determinación de los efectos sobre factores abióticos y bióticos: edad del hospedador, planta hospedera, humedad, temperatura y formulación. Los bioensayos pueden proporcionar información valiosa sobre la interacción entre el patógeno, el insecto y el medio ambiente, pero el valor de los resultados depende del diseño, la ejecución, el análisis y la interpretación de los resultados. Asimismo, el objetivo y las hipótesis deben ser definidos antes de realizar el diseño experimental, el cual deberá tener en cuenta las siguientes consideraciones: En cuanto a aspectos biológicos: • El patógeno no debe perder virulencia en cultivo. • El inóculo debe ser viable. En el caso de los hongos entomopatógenos se utiliza como parámetro la viabilidad o porcentaje de germinación. • El método de aplicación debe ser el adecuado, para lo cual previamente se deben probar diferentes metodologías de aplicación hasta encontrar la más precisa y efectiva para cada modelo hospedador-patógeno seleccionado. • El insecto que se utilice debe estar sano y no debe haber estado sometido a estrés y/o a condiciones de hacinamiento. • Se deben utilizar insectos no tratados como control para evaluar la supervivencia de los insectos sin la aplicación del patógeno. Los controles pueden ser positivos (usando por ejemplo solo el diluyente en el que se suspenden las esporas) y también negativos (sin ningún agregado). • Es fundamental conocer el ciclo de vida del insecto problema y sus condiciones de cría artificial, por ejemplo tipo de dieta, temperatura y humedad de desarrollo. • Se debe estimar la temperatura y la humedad relativa a lo largo del ensayo. En cuanto a los aspectos estadísticos: • Se deben definir tanto el tamaño de la muestra como la cantidad de réplicas por tratamiento. • Se debe desarrollar un procedimiento de muestreo que refleje el estado de salud del patógeno en el campo. • Se deben seleccionar adecuadamente los test estadísticos que consideremos correctos para probar las hipótesis planteadas. Fil: Toledo, Andrea Vanesa. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Lopez Lastra, Claudia Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina Fil: Gutierrez, Alejandra Concepción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina Fil: Muttis, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina Fil: Garcia, Juan Jose. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Laboratorio de Zoología General; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina

Published
2021

14. Database of Sabethesand Haemagogus(Diptera: Culicidae) in Argentina: Sylvatic Vectors of the Yellow Fever Virus

Author

Cano, María Eugenia, Marti, Gerardo Aníbal, Balsalobre, Agustín, Muttis, Evangelina, Bruno, Emiliano Aldo, Rossi, Gustavo, and Micieli, María Victoria

Abstract

Yellow fever is an endemic disease in America caused by an arbovirus that circulates in the sylvatic cycle between nonhuman primates and mosquitoes of the genera SabethesRobineau-Desvoidy and Haemagogus Williston. The main goal of this work is to report the distribution patterns of these genera in Argentina through an updated database built from published records as well as from own sample collections. These genera are represented in Argentina by a total of 18 species distributed in 14 provinces and 10 ecoregions. The ecoregions with greatest biodiversity were Paranense Forest, Yungas, Campos and Malezales. This database will also allow generating distribution maps for these mosquito genera, and their respective species in Argentina, to establish areas with high probability of viral circulation that are an essential input for vector surveillance, as a tool for public health decision-makers.

Published
2021
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16. Population dynamics between the mermithid Strelkovimermis spiculatus (Nematoda: Mermithidae) and the floodwater mosquito Ochlerotatus albifasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) over time

Author

María V. Micieli, Paula Risso, María F. Achinelly , M. de los Milagros Villar, Evangelina Muttis, Micieli, María Victoria, Risso, Paula, Achinelly, María Fernanda, Villar, María de los Milagros, and Muttis, Evangelina

Subjects
education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, fungi, Population, Ochlerotatus albifasciatus, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, biology.organism_classification, Ciencias Biológicas, Mermithidae, Culicidae, Strelkovimermis spiculatus, Insect Science, parasitic diseases, Epizootiology, education, Agronomy and Crop Science, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Nematode
Abstract

We investigated the population dynamics of Strelkovimermis spiculatus in Ochlerotatus albifasciatus to determine the abiotic and biotic parameters involved in this host-parasite system. Weekly samplings performed from May 2007 through May 2010 in three ponds located in open areas of La Plata, Argentina revealed that parasitism by S. spiculatus in O. albifasciatus occurred throughout all seasons with differences in effectiveness among breeding habitats: A mosquito-larva reduction of 80.7% was observed in a habitat where 100% of the generations were infected by nematodes; an intermediate situation (a 41.9% reduction) involved a lower percentage of parasitism above 50% although nematode infection was likewise registered in 92.9% of the generations. Finally, a mosquito-larva reduction of 2.68% was recorded where only 46.0% of the generations were parasitized and at levels of nematode infection below 50%. We analyzed the effects of abiotic and biotic parameters on S. spiculatus infections. The floodedsurface area was the only variable significantly associated with percent infection. Infection prevalence correlated positively with the mean number of emerged nematodes per larva and with the S. spiculatus male-to-female ratio in each parasitized-mosquito generation. In conclusion, the frequency over time and levels of infection are key parameters in the regulation of mosquito populations by this mermithid. Fil: Micieli, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina Fil: Risso, Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Achinelly, Maria Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina Fil: Villar, M. de los Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina Fil: Muttis, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina

Published
2012
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17. Culex pipiens affected by joint infection of a mosquito iridescent virus and Strelkovimermis spiculatus

Author

Muttis Evangelina, Micieli María Victoria, and García Juan José

Subjects
Virus suspension, Nematoda, Insect Viruses, Virus, Ciencias Biológicas, Culex pipiens, parasitic diseases, Animals, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Larva, biology, fungi, Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología, biology.organism_classification, Laboratory results, Virology, Iridoviridae, Culex, Nematode, Strelkovimermis spiculatus, Mosquito iridescent virus, Host-Pathogen Interactions, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Mermithidae
Abstract

Dual infections with a mosquito iridescent virus (MIV) and the mermithid nematode, Strelkovimermis spiculatus were recorded in natural Culex pipiens populations around La Plata city, Argentina. S. spiculatus was detected in 82% of samples that were positive for MIV infection. Dissected larvae of Cx. pipiens with patent MIV infection presented 42% infection with S. spiculatus. Larvae of Cx. pipiens exposed to MIV and S. spiculatus under laboratory conditions produced a high joint infection rate (82.5%) while no infection was recorded on larvae exposed to virus suspension only. Field and laboratory results suggest a strong association between S. spiculatus and MIV in natural populations of Cx. pipiens, in which S. spiculatus could be a mode of entry for the virus into the mosquito hemocele. Fil: Muttis, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina Fil: Micieli, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina Fil: Garcia, Juan José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina

Published
2013

19. Pathology of an iridescent virus in immature Culex pipiens L. (Diptera, Culicidae).

Author

Muttis E, Micieli MV, and García JJ

Subjects
Animals, Mosquito Vectors, Larva, Culicidae, Iridovirus, Culex parasitology
Abstract

Iridovirus in Culex pipiens was reported for the first time in 2012. Later studies of horizontal transmission were performed, in which an interaction with the parasite Strelkovimermis spiculatus acting as viral vector was recognized. In the present study, we observed aspects of the pathology produced by an invertebrate iridescent virus in laboratory infected immature Cx. pipiens as well as in infected immature Cx. pipiens in the field. In the laboratory infected larvae, the infection and mortality were asynchronous. Signs of infection in larvae exposed to the virus were observed between the second and the fourth days post-exposure in 99% of the cases, while the highest daily record of visible infected larvae (52%) was observed on the third day post exposure. Moreover, 79% of confirmed virus infected larvae died in the first 10 days after exposure. The Median Lethal Time was eight days. Several tissues were found to be infected and the common sites of replication were the fat body, epidermis and epithelial derivatives, such as the imaginal discs and the tracheal epithelium. Moreover, infection in the salivary glands, gastric ceca and posterior gut have not been previously documented on other mosquito iridescent viruses.

Published
2023
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