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Lindsley developed the “say all fast minute every day shuffled” (SAFMEDS) procedure in the late 1970s to enhance the typical use of flash cards (Graf & Auman, 2005). The acronym specifically guides the learner’s behavior when using flash cards. A review of SAFMEDS research indicates its successful use with children, college students, and older adults with and without disabilities. The literature also indicates that SAFMEDS procedures are not well documented and have multiple variations, limiting practitioners’ ability to know what procedures to use and when. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a basic SAFMEDS procedure and four supplementary SAFMEDS procedures on the rates of correct and incorrect responding to unfamiliar Russian words and Chinese characters in college students. The results of the study suggest that the basic SAFMEDS procedure produced some learning (i.e., increases in correct responding and decreases in incorrect responding), but all of the supplementary procedures led to greater increases in the number of correct responses per 1-min timing. Further research evaluating differences in performance across the supplementary procedures is warranted.

espanolLa intersexualidad, condicion de estados intermedios entre macho y hembra, no solo se refiere a una cuestion de genitalidad, ya que depende de las multiples variaciones a nivel de cromosomas, genes, hormonas y la combinacion de todos estos elementos. Basandonos en todas estas variables y sus combinaciones se reconocen al menos 40 variaciones en el espectro intersex. En este estudio, realizaremos un recorrido sobre como la intersexualidad se ha tratado a lo largo de la historia y el reflejo que esta ha tenido en el arte, la forma en la que se ha representado, silenciado y reivindicado a traves del trabajo de artistas intersexuales que han hecho de su creacion una forma de empoderamiento ante la patologizacion, medicalizacion e invisibilizacion de sus cuerpos e identidades en aras de proteger el sistema binario de identidad de genero. EnglishIntersexuality, a condition of intermediate states between male and female, it is not reffering to a question of genitality, since it depends on the multiple variations speaking of chromosomes, genes, hormones and the combination of all these elements. Based on all these variables and their combinations, we are able to recognize at least 40 variations in the intersex spectrum. In this research, we will study how intersexuality has been discussed throughout history and its reflection in art, the way in which it has been represented, silenced and vindicated through the work of intersexual artists who have conceived their creation as a form of empowerment facing the pathologization, medicalization and invisibility of their bodies and identities for the sake of protecting the binary system of gender identity.

Food Recommender Systems (FRS) have the potential to support informed and satisfying food choices. However, to realize their full potential, FRS must engage with the complexity of the choices people make around food. For example, while taste and ingredients are important, contextual and practical factors also play a critical role in food choice. Much of the previous literature on FRS has focused on ingredient-based recommendations, often in limited food datasets. Here we describe a broader approach, focusing on the use of Ensemble Topic Modelling (EnsTM) to support personalized recipe recommendations that implicitly capture and account for multi-domain food preferences in any food-corpus. EnsTM has the additional advantage of enabling a reduced data representation format that facilitates efficient user-modelling and recommendation. This article describes the results of two studies. The first investigated EnsTM based recommendation in a cold-start scenario. We investigated three different EnsTM based variations using a large-scale, real-world corpus of 230,876 recipes, and compared them with a conventional content-based approach. In a user study with 48 participants, EnsTM-based recommenders significantly outperformed the content-based approach. Alongside excellent coverage, they enabled an implicit understanding of users’ food preference across multiple food domains. The second study investigated the use of EnsTM in a long-term or regular-use scenario. We implemented multiple variations of feature and/or topic based hybrid recipe recommenders, which updated users’ profiles in real-time and predicted their preferences for new recipes. When compared against the current state of the art EnsTM-based recommenders performed significantly better, providing higher accuracy and coverage.

The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is commonly used in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to evaluate, prognosticate and assess patients. Since its validation, the SOFA score has served in various settings, including medical, trauma, surgical, cardiac, and neurological ICUs. It has been a strong mortality predictor and literature over the years has documented the ability of the SOFA score to accurately distinguish survivors from non-survivors on admission. Over the years, multiple variations have been proposed to the SOFA score, which have led to the evolution of alternate validated scoring models replacing one or more components of the SOFA scoring system. Various SOFA based models have been used to evaluate specific clinical populations, such as patients with cardiac dysfunction, hepatic failure, renal failure, different races and public health illnesses, etc. This study is aimed to conduct a review of modifications in SOFA score in the past several years. We review the literature evaluating various modifications to the SOFA score such as modified SOFA, Modified SOFA, modified Cardiovascular SOFA, Extra-renal SOFA, Chronic Liver Failure SOFA, Mexican SOFA, quick SOFA, Lactic acid quick SOFA (LqSOFA), SOFA in hematological malignancies, SOFA with Richmond Agitation-Sedation scale and Pediatric SOFA. Various organ systems, their relevant scoring and the proposed modifications in each of these systems are presented in detail. There is a need to incorporate the most recent literature into the SOFA scoring system to make it more relevant and accurate in this rapidly evolving critical care environment. For future directions, we plan to put together most if not all updates in SOFA score and probably validate it in a large database a single institution and validate it in multisite data base.

Multiple variations on the right side of the neck of a 65-year-old male cadaver were observed during a routine dissection. The cadaver had no sign of facial trauma or previous surgery. The facial vein had a communicating branch with the internal jugular vein and distally drained into the jugulo-subclavian confluence via a common trunk with external jugular vein. Other superficial veins of the neck drained into the brachiocephalic vein separately. On the contrary, no anatomical variation was observed on the left side. Even if the variations of the head and neck are common, more than one variation in a single cadaver unilaterally is remarkable. We suggest that it is important for surgeons to examine the patients with ultrasound before any clinical interventions on the neck to determine the possible variations beforehand.

Early assignment of patients to specific treatment teams improves length of stay, rate of patients leaving without being seen, patient satisfaction, and resident education. Multiple variations of patient assignment systems exist, including provider-in-triage/team triage, fast-tracks/vertical pathways, and rotational patient assignment. The authors discuss the theory behind patient assignment systems and review potential benefits of specific models of patient assignment found in the current literature.

One of the many challenges with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains our inability to make an accurate diagnosis of NEC. The lack of a unifying cause and multiple variations in presentations lead to great uncertainty with NEC. Separating out the needs of the researcher wanting to define NEC from the clinician and patient family's perspectives who want an accurate diagnosis for NEC is important. The need to augment and/or replace the outdated modified Bell staging criteria is crucial to improving NEC management. Emerging literature suggests that genetic susceptibility and stool microbiota signatures may help identify preterm infants at increased risk of the disease. Ongoing studies using single or multi-omic approaches may help to characterize biomarkers that will aid in the prediction or early diagnosis of NEC, as well as differentiate other causes of severe bowel injury. Bowel ultrasound shows promise in improving our diagnostic accuracy for NEC but has been slow in adoption. Patient family perspectives are key in accelerating our efforts to integrate newer diagnostic methods into practice.

With the growing epidemic of obesity, endoscopic bariatric therapies have evolved to help bridge the treatment divide between behavioral/pharmacologic therapies—which have limited efficacy—and bariatric surgical interventions—which are invasive and contraindicated in those with extensive medical comorbidities. Among endoscopic bariatric therapies, endoscopic suturing procedures focused on gastric remodeling have a promising foothold in the multidisciplinary management of obesity and its comorbidities given their safety, efficacy, and anticipated durability. Predicated on the twin goals of restricting gastric accommodation and delaying gastric emptying—thereby improving satiation and satiety, respectively—endoscopic suturing can facilitate clinically substantive weight loss with minimized risk to patients. Multiple variations of endoscopic suturing systems for management of obesity have been explored; however, the two endoscopic gastric suturing techniques that have demonstrated the greatest traction and promise include the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, typically created with the Apollo OverStitch (Apollo Endosurgery, Austin, TX), and the Primary Obesity Surgery Endoluminal (POSE) procedure, carried out through the transoral Incisionless Operating Platform (USGI Medical, San Clemente, CA). As such, the bulk of this review will primarily focus on the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty and POSE procedures, their technical considerations, physiologic underpinnings, clinical and safety outcomes, and we will conclude with a discussion on the future directions of endoscopic suturing, including the POSE2 procedure.

Tetralogy of Fallot very rarely manifests with variations of the cerebral arteries, but we detected an extremely rare combination comprising 3 such variants –bilateral carotid–anterior cerebral arteries anastomoses, the vertebral–anterior inferior cerebellar arteries anastomosis (proximal basilar artery duplication) and a nonbifurcating cervical carotid artery– in a 19-year-old man during magnetic resonance angiography to evaluate syncope. Recognition and correct diagnosis of these variations are crucial prior to surgical or radiological cerebrovascular intervention. Both partial maximum-intensity-projection images and source images are useful in identifying these vessels on MR angiography. Keywords: Carotid-anterior cerebral artery anastomosis, Cerebral arterial variation, Nonbifurcating cervical carotid artery, Tetralogy of Fallot, Vertebral artery-anterior inferior cerebellar artery anastomosis

A knowledge of pulmonary vein anatomy variants allows an appropriate preoperative radiological assessment and safe surgical management of vascular anomalies in patients undergoing major lung resections. In our case, multiple pulmonary vein variations were identified pre- and intraoperatively in a patient undergoing thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy and included superior and common basal veins from the right lower lobe draining separately into the left atrium, middle lobe veins joining the superior segment right lower lobe vein and additional superior segment right lower lobe vein draining directly into the left atrium. The recognition of these anatomical abnormalities in pulmonary veins may help thoracic surgeons avoid surgical complications in patients undergoing anatomical lung resections.

The fusion of music-information processing and human physical functions will enable new musical experiences to be created. We developed an interactive music system called “Deep Augmented Performers,” which provides users with the experience of conducting a musical performance. This system converts music arranged using melody morphing into electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) to control the body movements of multiple performers. The melodies used in the system are divided into segments, and each segment has multiple variations of melodies. The user can interactively control the performers, thus the actual performance.

Background Currently there are multiple variations of imaging-based patient selection mismatch methods in ischemic stroke. In the present study, we sought to compare the two most common mismatch methods and identify if there were different effects on the outcome of a randomized clinical trial depending on the mismatch method used. Aims Investigate the effect of clinical and imaging-based mismatch criteria on patient outcomes of a pooled cohort from randomized trials of intravenous tenecteplase versus alteplase. Methods Baseline clinical and imaging scores were used to categorize patients as meeting either the DAWN mismatch (baseline NIHSS ≥ 10, and age cut-offs for ischemic core volume) or DEFUSE 2 mismatch criteria (mismatch volume > 15 mL, mismatch ratio > 1.8 and ischemic core Results From 146 pooled patients, 71 received alteplase and 75 received tenecteplase. The overall pooled group did not show improved patient outcomes when treated with tenecteplase (mRS 0-1 OR 1.77, 95% CI 0.89–3.51, p = 0.102) compared with alteplase. A total of 39 (27%) patients met both clinical and imaging mismatch criteria, 25 (17%) patients met only imaging criteria, 36 (25%) met only clinical mismatch criteria and, finally, 46 (31%) did not meet either of imaging or mismatch criteria. Patients treated with tenecteplase had more favorable outcomes when they met either imaging mismatch (mRS 0–1, OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.13–5.94, p = 0.032) or clinical mismatch criteria (mRS 0–1, OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.142, 8.732, p = 0.027) but with differing proportions. Conclusion Target mismatch selection was more inclusive and exhibited in a larger treatment effect between tenecteplase and alteplase.

Multiple variations of sensory innervation patterns in the hand exist and are well-recognized in the literature. These aberrant patterns can lead to diagnostic challenges and complicate the treatment of nerve-injured patients. Therefore, it is important to understand these variations to avoid potential clinical errors in caring for these patients. To date, most descriptions of aberrant innervation patterns in the upper extremity involve interneural connections between branches of the median and ulnar nerves with a paucity of descriptions involving the radial nerve. This report discusses a case of the superficial branch of the radial nerve innervating the hand’s classically described median nerve sensory distribution after transection of the proximal median nerve. Key words: anatomic variations, anomalous innervation patterns, ballistic injury, hand sensation, median nerve injury

Many authors have recognized the visual character of the writings by the Portuguese artist Almada Negreiros (1893-1970), but the multiple variations and interpretations that can be driven from that are yet to be explored. In this article I intend to make some of those interpretations about the in­terchange between the pictorial and the literary that occur in his work, emphasizing precisely the inter­change , that is, not noticing merely how he creates strong literary images — which has been the focus of the literary studies — but understanding that Almada’s writing thrives from a notion of avant-garde based on the primacy of vision and that his practice and theory about the pictorial are determinant for his writing. On another hand, I will also consider how his painting often revisits his literary work. More than a dialogue between two art forms, the pictorial and the literary in Almada Negreiros are profoundly interconnected and constitute an example of the inventiveness that resulted from the rupture of the fron­tiers between the arts operated by the avant-garde from the early twentieth century.

Objective To hierarchize the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)–subarcuate artery (SAA) complex's variations in the surgical field. Background The AICA's “subarcuate loop” (SL) presents multiple variations, closely related to the SAA. AICA-SAA complex's variations may represent major issues in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery. As the spectrum of configurations is originated during the development, a systematized classification was proposed based on the interaction between the petrosal bone and the AICA in the embryonic period. Methods The variations were defined as follow: Grade 0: free, purely cisternal AICA, unidentifiable or absent SAA; Grade 1: purely cisternal AICA, loose SL, SAA > 3 mm; Grade 2: AICA near the subarcuate fossa, pronounced SL, SAA Results Eighty-four patients were evaluated, including 161 CPA. The proportions found in the gradation remained within the range of previous publications (Grade 0: 42.2%; Grade 1: 11.2%; Grade 2: 35.4%; Grade 3: 10.6%; and Grade 4: 0.6%). Moreover, the degrees of the classification were related to the complexity of the anatomical relationships and, therefore, to the difficulty of the maneuvers required to overcome them. Conclusion The proposed AICA-SAA complex classification allowed to distinguish and objectify pre- and intraoperatively the spectrum of variations, to thoroughly plan the required actions and instrumentation.

We introduce a new class of curves and surfaces by exploring multiple variations of non-uniform rational B-splines. These variations which are referred to as generalized non-uniform rational B-splines (GNURBS) serve as an alternative interactive shape design tool, and provide improved approximation abilities in certain applications. GNURBS are obtained by decoupling the weights associated with control points along different physical coordinates. This unexplored idea brings the possibility of treating the weights as additional degrees of freedoms. It will be seen that this proposed concept effectively improves the capability of NURBS, and circumvents its deficiencies in special applications. Further, it is proven that these new representations are merely disguised forms of classic NURBS, guaranteeing a strong theoretical foundation, and facilitating their utilization. A few numerical examples are presented which demonstrate superior approximation results of GNURBS compared to NURBS in both cases of smooth and non-smooth fields. Finally, in order to better demonstrate the behavior and abilities of GNURBS in comparison to NURBS, an interactive MATLAB toolbox has been developed and introduced.

The stapes surgery has evolved through different eras of technical and technological development. The current standard of care is creating a stapedotomy with piston placement, and both these aspects have multiple variations and show well-established technological advances. The conventional technique has been fairly standardized, and it offers gratifying results to both the surgeon and the patient. To overcome certain procedural risks and potential complications, the reversal of steps technique was developed and streamlined by Ugo Fisch in the early 1980s. Since its beginning, the technique has been adopted by various centers, and surgical outcomes have been demonstrated to be at par with the conventional technique, with a reduced risk of complications. The aim of the present review is to detail the various surgical nuances and outcomes of this particular technique in a comprehensive narrative manner.

Summary Purpose We describe a rare case of anatomical variation of the collaterals of the abdominal aorta associated with a duplication of the pyelic. Material and method A 51-year-old patient in whom an abdominal CT scan was performed as part of the exploration of a cystic left renal mass objectified on ultrasound. Results A celiomesenteric trunk with two left renal arteries and a duplication of the left pyelon were found. Conclusion The reported case is of interest in the rare association of these anatomical variants.

The fusion of music information processing and human physical functions will allow new musical experiences to be created. We developed an interactive music system called “Augmented Percussionists,” which provides users with the experience of playing an automatic musical performance. This system converts music arranged by melody morphing into electrical muscle stimulations (EMS) and controls the body movements of multiple people with devices attached to their hands and feet to realize the performance. The melodies used in the system are divided into segments, and each segment has multiple variations of melodies. The user can control the performers by simply by performing a melody.

The Diels-Alder reaction and its retro breakdown has garnered increasing research focus due to several of its advantageous properties including, atomic conservation, reversibility, and substituent retention. This is especially true in biomedical application and nanomedicine development which display a preference for rapid, efficient, and clean “click” chemistry reactions allowing for delivery of active ingredients and subsequent release upon temperature elevation. There are multiple variations on the Diels-Alder reaction based around substitution position and materials being coupled which can affect the temperature threshold for and rate of the retro reaction reversal. Hence, the Diels-Alder reaction offers a simple coupling reaction for active ingredients with tailorable release. In this review the incorporation of the Diels-Alder chemistries and linkers within the biomedical and nanomedicine field will be discussed, as well as its use in future potential technologies.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to analyze the dural venous system variations in Turkey by magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Material and Methods: Images of a total of 200 patients (65 males, 135 females M/F: 0.48) who underwent a magnetic resonance venography examination were retrospectively screened. Results: Variation was detected in 101 patients (53.85% of males [35/65] and 48.89% of females [66/135]). In 16.5% of the patients, only one variation of dural venous system was detected, while the most common variation was left transverse hypoplasia in this group. Twenty-six percent of the patients had two variations of the dural venous system since the most common dual variations were left transverse hypoplasia + left sigmoid hypoplasia in this group. In 8% of the patients, three or more variations of the dural venous system were observed as the most common variations were right transverse hypoplasia + right sigmoid hypoplasia + presence of occipital sinus in this group. Discussion and Conclusion: It is essential to know the anatomical variations of the dural venous system for the discrimination between pathological processes such as thrombosis and physiologic conditions. Furthermore, the association of these variations with each other must be kept in mind for the explanation of the presence of multiple variations in the same individuals.

Mechanoregulatory models have been used to predict the progression of bone fracture healing for more than two decades. However, many published studies share the same fundamental limitation: callus development proceeds within a pre-defined domain that both restricts and directs healing and leads to some non-physiologic healing patterns. To address this limitation, we added two spatial proximity functions to an existing mechanoregulatory model of fracture healing to control the localization of callus within the healing domain. We tested the performance of the new model in an idealized ovine tibial osteotomy with medial plate fixation using three sizes of healing domains and multiple variations of the spatial proximity functions. All model variations produced outward callus growth and bridging weighted toward the far cortex, which is consistent with in vivo healing. With and without the proximity functions, there were marked differences in the predicted callus volume and shape. With no proximity functions, the callus produced was strongly domain dependent, with a 15% difference in volume between the smallest and largest initialization domains. With proximity function control, callus growth was restricted to near the fracture line and there was only 2% difference in volume between domain sizes. Superimposing both proximity functions – one to control outward growth and one representing a decay in periosteal activity away from the fracture – produced a predicted callus size that was within the physiologic range for sheep and had a realistic morphology when compared with fluorescent dye co-localization with calcium deposition over time and histology.

PurposeThis paper aims to uncover how implementation practices affect the unfolding of integration as the ideal of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. In this way, the authors aim to provide a better understanding of the ways in which the ideal of integration affects the complexity of ERP systems.Design/methodology/approachThis paper interprets a case study of the implementation of an ERP system in a Dutch company.FindingsThe paper highlights how different variations of an object of integration were enacted during an ERP implementation. The authors observe how the interests of the various actors were not always served by the variations of integration in circulation. They illustrate how this resulted in a failure of the network to be folded into a taken-for-granted configuration of constituent parts. Consequentially, having multiple variations of integration contributed to increased complexity of the system.Originality/valueThe paper highlights how multiple variations of a single object of integration are brought into circulation. Such perspective enables a better understanding of some of the complexities associated with ERP implementations.

The concept of a minimally invasive live donor nephrectomy developed over 20 years ago. Surgeons gained expertise with the laparoscopic technique and utilized multiple variations that are now utilized in transplant centers throughout the world. Recent modifications include laparoendoscopic single-site and robotic approaches that have been adopted by an additional smaller set of programs. Review was performed of the following eight different surgical approaches to a “minimally invasive” live donor nephrectomy: laparoscopic (LDN), hand-assisted laparoscopic (HALDN), retroperitoneoscopic (RLDN), hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic (HARS), single-port laparoscopic (LESS), robotic-assisted laparoscopic (RALDN), mini open, and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic (NOTES). The techniques are described and summaries of available outcomes and complications are presented. Traditional surgical techniques of open donor nephrectomy have transitioned to minimally invasive techniques. With adoption of these techniques as the preferred approach, several variations have and continue to evolve. The current minimally invasive donor nephrectomy techniques share low complication rates and excellent outcomes.

Multiple variations of the reaction conditions reported in 1964 for the diamination of K2B12H12 (potassium dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate(2−)) with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid were studied to improve the isolated yields of the three isomers of B12H10(NH3)2. Screening the sets of reaction conditions without completely working up each of the reaction mixtures, and therefore without the lengthy separation and isolation of the individual B12H10(NH3)2 isomers for each reaction mixture, was possible by recording 1H-15N HSQC NMR spectra of the crude reaction mixtures. The 1H-dimension of these spectra exhibited narrow, baseline separated resonances for 1,2-, 1,7- and 1,12-B12H10(NH3)2 and for the B12H11(NH3)− intermediate, allowing their relative concentrations to be determined to the nearest percent. The best synthetic conditions resulted in 9, 25, and 6% isolated yields of 1,2-, 1,7- and 1,12-B12H10(NH3)2, respectively. The decafluoro derivatives 1,2-, 1,7-, and 1,12-B12F10(NH3)2 were prepared for the first time by direct fluorination of the B12H10(NH3)2 isomers, either individually or as a mixture subsequently separated by column chromatography similar to the separation and purification of the B12H10(NH3)2 isomers. The structures of 1,7-B12F10(NH2)2·4CH3CONH2, 1,12-B12F10(NH2)2·6CH3CONH2, 1,2-B12H10(NH2)2·1.5CH3CO2CH2CH3, 1,7-B12H10(NH2)2·1.23H2O, 1,12-B12H10(NH2)2·2CH3CN, and solvent-free 1,12-B12H10(NH2)2 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Substernal thyroid goiters that require surgery may pose unique challenges to thyroid surgeons based on the size and inferior extent of the disease. Consequently, there are multiple variations to the approach and additional considerations in operative planning and technique that are often required. Although there is some debate on the precise definition of substernal thyroid, for the purposes of this article it is considered to be thyroid tissue below the sternal notch or clavicle. This article aims to provide thyroid surgeons who encounter the challenges of substernal thyroid a straightforward algorithm for planning and operative techniques that have proven successful in the safe and effective management of this condition.

Anatomical variations or anomalies of the pancreatic ducts are important in the planning and performance of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and surgical procedures of the pancreas. Normal pancreatic duct anatomy occurs in approximately 94.3% of cases, and multiple variations have been described for the remaining 5.7%. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the pancreatic duct anatomy and to underline its importance in daily invasive endoscopic and surgical practice. Two main databases were searched for suitable articles published from 2000 to 2017, and results concerning more than 8,200 patients were included in the review. The most common anatomical variation was that of pancreas divisum, which appeared in approximately 4.5% of cases.

Authentication plays a vital role in granting access to a user by any computing system. There are several existing authentication techniques used for different scenarios which include one-factor, two-factor, and three-factor authentication, where the user submits required credentials and gains access to the system. When a legitimate user is unable to provide his credentials at any point of time, the user becomes unauthenticated. At this juncture, we have proposed a fourth factor for authentication where a legitimate user can seek assistance from any of his close associates like a spouse, friend, and colleague and can gain access to the system for a single time. In this paper, we consider multiple variations of fourth-factor authentication and compare them within the framework and explore the mechanism by applying various metrics such as key size, the ease of use, time and space complexity of the algorithms, and security considerations.

The article is dedicated to research of the motif of voice in the semantic structure of Gaito Gazdanov’s 1920–30 small prose. Stories, representing the author's intentional object in his early works, were considered. The use of the methods of motif and intermedial analysis has made it possible to establish that dynamics of the stories’ “Transformation” and “The disappearance of Ricardy” plot is connected with the paradigm of metaphysic existence. The main components of this paradigm are translated into auditory imageries in Gazdanov’s narrative. A study of the texts has shown that during multiple variations audial imageries become motifs that mark existential-ontological problematics of works and form multifaceted art space. The motif of voice is highlighted as one of the main carriers of meaning in the motif system of both stories, which explicate the processes of consciousness of narrating subject and endowed with function of other character attributes. The motif of voice is also a dominant element of the intermedial code. Author’s intermedial strategies are reflected through the references to “Elegy” by a French composer J. Massenet (“Transformation”) and to vocal and instrumental performances of crossover music textes, decoding the collision of opera singer Ricardy (“The disappearance of Ricardy”). Ultimately, both of Gazdanov’s stories are considered to be a testimony to the acceptance of inevitability of human existence in two planes of being: ontologically possible and empirically given. The art strategy of audial writing has proven to be the most productive way to objectify this type of author’s consciousness in the writer’s early prose. The next stages of Gazdanov’s art system evolution are also marked by the author's great focus on the potential of audial and intermedial narration techniques. It offers the clear prospect of studying them as dynamical integrity.

We investigate what fraction of all significant results in website A/B testing is actually null effects (i.e., the false discovery rate (FDR)). Our data consist of 4,964 effects from 2,766 experiments conducted on a commercial A/B testing platform. Using three different methods, we find that the FDR ranges between 28% and 37% for tests conducted at 10% significance and between 18% and 25% for tests at 5% significance (two sided). These high FDRs stem mostly from the high fraction of true null effects, about 70%, rather than from low power. Using our estimates, we also assess the potential of various A/B test designs to reduce the FDR. The two main implications are that decision makers should expect one in five interventions achieving significance at 5% confidence to be ineffective when deployed in the field and that analysts should consider using two-stage designs with multiple variations rather than basic A/B tests. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing.

The dural venous sinuses develop from a widespread venous network, which allows for multiple variations. Insufficient knowledge on these variations can lead to misdiagnosis and can complicate interventional neurosurgical procedures. It is therefore important to understand not just the anatomy of the most consistent presentation of the dural sinuses but also the variant anatomy. This chapter reviews the major variants encountered for the intramural venous sinuses.

The peroneal tendons originate on the lateral lower leg and course to their attachments on the lateral and plantar aspects of the foot. There are multiple variations in not only the course the tendons take but even the number of tendons present. There have been numerous cadaveric/anatomic studies detailing these variations which will be further discussed and reviewed in the chapter.

Multiple variations of oesophageal atresia (OA) have been described. We present two cases of a new variant of OA (‘Type Y’) where the fistula enters the trachea in a Y-shaped configuration. Awareness of this is important. Bronchoscopy will reveal a single fistula opening and therefore there will initially be no suspicion of anatomical variation. It may be that only one bifurcation of the ‘Y’ fistula is patent which poses a risk of incomplete fistula closure.

The ability to further shrink EUVL geometries can be facilitated using multiple lithographic approaches. Most recent proposals suggest an EUVL double patterning strategy. This path requires additional and expensive EUVL tool time. In our work, using an EUVL patterned polymer as a guide material with DSA incorporated into the lithography flow is an optional process mitigating EUVL tool time. Multiple variations of BCP (block copolymers) were successfully tested. In addition, pattern transfer through silicon containing hard mask and spin on carbon layers was demonstrated with minimum LER (line edge roughness) and good critical dimension uniformity (CDU).

Anatomical variations of the hepatic artery are important in the planning and performance of abdominal surgical procedures. Normal hepatic anatomy occurs in approximately 80% of cases, for the remaining 20% multiple variations have been described. The purpose of this study was to review the existing literature on the hepatic anatomy and to stress out its importance in surgical practice. Two main databases were searched for eligible articles during the period 2000 - 2015, and results concerning more than 19,000 patients were included in the study. The most common variation was the replaced right hepatic artery (type III according to Michels classification) which is the chief source of blood supply to the bile duct. J Clin Med Res. 2017;9(4):248-252 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr2902w

Anatomical variations of the celiac trunk and its branches are particularly important from a surgical perspective due to their relationships with surrounding structures. We report here a particularly rare variant involving absence of the celiac trunk in association with trifurcation of the common hepatic artery. These variations were found in an adult male cadaver. We perform a review of the literature and discuss the clinical and embryological significance of these variations. Recognition of celiac trunk and hepatic artery variations is of utmost importance to surgeons and radiologists because multiple variations can lead to undue complications. Resumo As variações anatômicas do tronco celíaco e seus ramos são particularmente importantes do ponto de vista cirúrgico devido a sua relação com as estruturas adjacentes. Nós descrevemos aqui uma variante particularmente rara envolvendo ausência do tronco celíaco associada a trifurcação da artéria hepática comum. Essas variações foram observadas no cadáver de um adulto do sexo masculino. Neste artigo revisamos a literatura e discutimos a significância clínica e embriológica dessas variações. O reconhecimento das variações do tronco celíaco e da artéria hepática é extremamente importante para cirurgiões e radiologistas uma vez que variações múltiplas podem levar a complicações inesperadas.

Regarding drawing perspective, Spanish tradition has hidden singularities that greatly distinguish it from other European traditions. Spanish tradition, however, simultaneously nurtures ideas from these traditions, such as those of Italy and France, creating multiple variations and novelties. This study presents a brief journey through the lesser-known exempla, which are lesser studied in the scientific community. The study focuses on the ‘angular perspective’ by architect Hernan Ruiz the Younger (el Joven), the innovative construction of figures in perspective by the carpenter Antonio de Torreblanca and the singular contributions to the anonymous manuscript Artes Excelencias dela Perspectiba. All three studies are similar in that they feature novel and heterodox premises within the general theory.

The existence of carotid basilar anastomoses has been well documented embryologically, anatomically, and, in the case of the persistent trigeminal and hypoglossal arteries, angiographically. Conversely, anomalous origins of the vertebral arteries (VA) are not very common with an incidence ranging from 3% to 8%. Multiple variations of the VA origin have been reported in the literature, including arising from the aortic arch, from the common, internal, or external carotid arteries and subclavian branches.1 There are only four cases reported in the literature of VA origin from the external carotid artery.2–5 We report the fifth case in which the anomalous origin was identified during the investigation of an acute ischemic stroke. Video 1 emphasizes the importance of anatomical knowledge prior to endovascular or surgical interventions. It also highlights technical nuances of carotid artery stenting in a patient with anomalous VA origin from the external carotid artery.Video 1

Immunoelectrophoresis can be used for analysis of individual proteins in complex mixtures. The conditions involved in immunoelectrophoresis are mild, avoiding the risk of denaturation, and it is possible to perform relative quantification of individual components. The fundamental disadvantage is the dependence on rabbit antisera as reagents. The usefulness of immunoelectrophoresis in allergy research is greatly enhanced by the possibility of identification of allergens to which the individual in question has IgE.The common principle is characterized by two independent electrophoreses having direction of current perpendicular to each other, i.e., crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). This ultimately results in the formation of characteristic bell-shaped precipitates, each precipitate representing one antigen. There is a linear relationship between the amount of antigen and size of precipitate for a given antibody concentration for each precipitate and so relative quantification can be performed. The sensitivity and resolution power of CIE are very high and there are multiple variations of the technique, some of which will be illustrated in this chapter.

Steering is the group of parts with joints which allows any vehicle to follow the required path. The traditional steering mechanism is to turn the front wheels using steering wheel with the help of steering columns and universal joints, to allow it to turn away to some extent from a straight line. The steering system must give a mechanical dominance over front wheel steering knuckles, contributing driver an effortless turning of front wheels in desired direction. The steering system is designed to withstand the stress of safely maneuvering the vehicle through any type of driving condition by continuously adjust the steered path of the vehicle. The steering system is to provides directional control of the vehicle with minimum input. In our project, the Ackermann steering system is designed for a go-kart. After designing the steering system, the Later simulation model of design is constructed for ensuring performance optimization, safety engineering for real-time conditions. A simulation is an operation of a real-world process done using workstation. By using simulation, a model can be embedded with multiple variations. These are capable of performing analysis and understanding of how single or multiple elements react to the simulated environment. The platform selected for the simulation process is SOLID WORKS software. The final stage of this project is structural fabrication of the steering system based on our design and complete analysis. The material appropriate for creation of this system is mild steel, its price is low while it facilitates material properties that are sustainable for many applications. Main point is its strength to weight ratio which is very advantage when compared to all steels. The objective of present work is to provide a robust steering system, with high performance for a Go-Kart vehicle.

Background Within the field of plastic surgery, free tissue transfer is common practice for knee and lower leg defects. Usually, after such free flap reconstruction, patients undergo a dangling protocol in the postoperative phase. A dangling protocol is designed to gradually subject the free flap to increased venous pressure resulting from gravitational forces. Worldwide there are multiple variations of dangling protocols. However, there is no evidence available in the literature that supports the use of a dangling protocol. Methods This is a multicenter randomized controlled trial that includes patients with a free flap lower leg reconstruction. The primary outcome is to assess whether a no-dangling protocol is not inferior to a dangling protocol, in terms of proportion of partial flap loss, 6 months after surgery. Secondary objectives are to identify differences in major and minor complications, length of stay, and costs, and to objectify blood gaseous changes during dangling. Furthermore, at 2 years we will assess difference in physical function, infection rates, and osseous union rates. Discussion The primary outcome of this study will give a more decisive answer to the question of whether a dangling protocol is necessary after a free flap reconstruction of the lower leg. The secondary outcomes of this study will provide a better insight into the physical functions, infection rates, and union rates in these patients. Trial registration Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (CCMO), NL63146.041.17. Registered on 11 July 2018. Netherlands Trial Register, NTR7545. Registered on 10 October 2018.

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have shown drastic improvements in the performance of various Computer Vision tasks. However, shape classification is a problem that has not seen state-of-the-art results using CNNs. The problem is due to lack of large amounts of data to learn to handle multiple variations such as noise, pose variations, part articulations and affine deformations present in the shapes. In this paper, we introduce a new technique for augmenting 2D shape data that uses part articulations. This utilizes a novel articulation cut detection method to determine putative shape parts. Standard off-the-shelf CNN models trained with our novel data augmentation technique on standard 2D shape datasets yielded significant improvements over the state-of-the-art in most experiments and our data augmentation approach has the potential to be extended to other problems such as Image Classification and Object Detection.

This work presents a framework for the parallelization of optical communication algorithms on Xilinx FPGAs. The proposed framework uses Matlab, Vivado HLS, and PetaLinux OS for the design, parallelization, implementation, and verification of the algorithms. This framework enables the tests for multiple variations of the architecture on the different FPGAs families, allowing to explore several parallelization directives, such as pipeline, unrolling, partitioning, and mixed techniques. This approach opens a novel alternative in the parallelization of the optical communication algorithms on FPGA including low-cost families.

Although visible face recognition systems have grown as a major area of research, they are still facing serious challenges when operating in uncontrolled environments. In attempt to overcome these limitations, thermal imagery has been investigated as a promising direction to extend face recognition technology. However, the reduced number of databases acquired in thermal spectrum limits its exploration. In this paper, we introduce a database of face images acquired simultaneously in visible and thermal spectra under various variations: illumination, expression, pose and occlusion. Then, we present a comparative study of face recognition performances on both modalities against each variation and the impact of bimodal fusion. We prove that thermal spectrum rivals with the visible spectrum not only in the presence of illumination changes, but also in case of expression and poses changes.