49 results on '"MRI sequences"'
Search Results
2. Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
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Sudeepta Maiti, Shailesh Nayak, Karthikeya D Hebbar, and Saikiran Pendem
- Subjects
Research Article ,Articles ,Invasive carcinoma ,Radiomic features ,MRI Sequences ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ,Noninvasive diagnosis - Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Methods This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF categories such as shape based, Gray level dependence matrix (GLDM), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), First order, Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), Gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM), NGTDM (Neighbouring gray tone difference matrix) were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) was applied using Google Colab for identifying the top fifteen relevant radiomic features. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify significant RF for differentiating IDC and ILC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC. Results Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p Conclusions MRI-based RF derived from DCE sequences can be used in clinical settings to differentiate malignant lesions of the breast, such as IDC and ILC, without requiring intrusive procedures.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
- Author
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Sudeepta Maiti, Shailesh Nayak, Karthikeya D Hebbar, and Saikiran Pendem
- Subjects
Research Article ,Articles ,Invasive carcinoma ,Radiomic features ,MRI Sequences ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ,Noninvasive diagnosis - Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Methods This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The relevance of RF for differentiating IDC from ILC was evaluated using the maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) and Mann-Whitney test. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC. Results Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p Conclusions MRI-based RF derived from DCE sequences can be used in clinical settings to differentiate malignant lesions of the breast, such as IDC and ILC, without requiring intrusive procedures.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Geometric distortions in clinical MRI sequences for radiotherapy: insights gained from a multicenter investigation.
- Author
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Hasler, Signe Winther, Kallehauge, Jesper Folsted, Hansen, Rasmus Hvass, Samsøe, Eva, Arp, Dennis Tideman, Nissen, Henrik Dahl, Edmund, Jens M., Bernchou, Uffe, and Mahmood, Faisal
- Subjects
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RESEARCH , *BRAIN , *STATISTICS , *THREE-dimensional imaging , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *HEAD , *RESEARCH funding , *SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) , *RADIOTHERAPY , *IMAGING phantoms , *NECK , *ABDOMEN , *DATA analysis , *SCANNING systems , *PELVIS - Abstract
As magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) becomes increasingly integrated into radiotherapy (RT) for enhanced treatment planning and adaptation, the inherent geometric distortion in acquired MR images pose a potential challenge to treatment accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate the geometric distortion levels in the clinical MRI protocols used across Danish RT centers and discuss influence of specific sequence parameters. Based on the variety in geometric performance across centers, we assess if harmonization of MRI sequences is a relevant measure. Nine centers participated with 12 MRI scanners and MRI-Linacs (MRL). Using a travelling phantom approach, a reference MRI sequence was used to assess variation in baseline distortion level between scanners. The phantom was also scanned with local clinical MRI sequences for brain, head/neck (H/N), abdomen, and pelvis. The influence of echo time, receiver bandwidth, image weighting, and 2D/3D acquisition was investigated. We found a large variation in geometric accuracy across 93 clinical sequences examined, exceeding the baseline variation found between MRI scanners (σ = 0.22 mm), except for abdominal sequences where the variation was lower. Brain and abdominal sequences showed lowest distortion levels ([0.22, 2.26] mm), and a large variation in performance was found for H/N and pelvic sequences ([0.19, 4.07] mm). Post hoc analyses revealed that distortion levels decreased with increasing bandwidth and a less clear increase in distortion levels with increasing echo time. 3D MRI sequences had lower distortion levels than 2D (median of 1.10 and 2.10 mm, respectively), and in DWI sequences, the echo-planar imaging read-out resulted in highest distortion levels. There is a large variation in the geometric distortion levels of clinical MRI sequences across Danish RT centers, and between anatomical sites. The large variation observed makes harmonization of MRI sequences across institutions and adoption of practices from well-performing anatomical sites, a relevant measure within RT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
- Author
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Karthikeya D Hebbar, Saikiran Pendem, Shailesh Nayak, and Sudeepta Maiti
- Subjects
Invasive carcinoma ,Radiomic features ,MRI Sequences ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ,Noninvasive diagnosis ,eng ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Methods This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF categories such as shape based, Gray level dependence matrix (GLDM), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), First order, Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), Gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM), NGTDM (Neighbouring gray tone difference matrix) were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) was applied using Google Colab for identifying the top fifteen relevant radiomic features. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify significant RF for differentiating IDC and ILC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC. Results Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Urethra contouring on computed tomography urethrogram versus magnetic resonance imaging for stereotactic body radiotherapy in prostate cancer
- Author
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Wee Loon Ong, M. Allan Hupman, Melanie Davidson, Mark Ruschin, Jay Detsky, Stanley Liu, Danny Vesprini, and Andrew Loblaw
- Subjects
Prostate SBRT ,Urethra contour ,Urethrogram ,MRI sequences ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Accurate urethra contouring is critical in prostate SBRT. We compared urethra contouring on CT-urethrogram and T2-weighted MRI. The dice similarity coefficient, Jaccard index, Hausdorff distance and mean distance to agreement were evaluated. All four metrics indicate better agreement and less variability in urethra contouring on CT-urethrogram, compared to T2-weighted MRI.
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- 2024
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7. Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Subramanian, Manickam, Chin, Michael S. M., Peh, Wilfred C. G., Davies, Mark, editor, James, Steven, editor, and Botchu, Rajesh, editor
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- 2023
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8. Normal Anatomy: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Birkholz, James H., Docimo Jr., Salvatore, editor, Blatnik, Jeffrey A., editor, and Pauli, Eric M., editor
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Performance of deep learning in classifying malignant primary and metastatic brain tumors using different MRI sequences: A medical analysis study.
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Fauzi, Adam, Yueniwati, Yuyun, Naba, Agus, and Rahayu, Rachmi Fauziah
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DEEP learning , *BRAIN tumors , *SEQUENCE analysis , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *TUMOR classification , *METASTASIS - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Malignant Primary Brain Tumor (MPBT) and Metastatic Brain Tumor (MBT) are the most common types of brain tumors, which require different management approaches. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most frequently used modality for assessing the presence of these tumors. The utilization of Deep Learning (DL) is expected to assist clinicians in classifying MPBT and MBT more effectively. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the influence of MRI sequences on the classification performance of DL techniques for distinguishing between MPBT and MBT and analyze the results from a medical perspective. METHODS: Total 1,360 images performed from 4 different MRI sequences were collected and preprocessed. VGG19 and ResNet101 models were trained and evaluated using consistent parameters. The performance of the models was assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, and other precision metrics based on a confusion matrix analysis. RESULTS: The ResNet101 model achieves the highest accuracy of 83% for MPBT classification, correctly identifying 90 out of 102 images. The VGG19 model achieves an accuracy of 81% for MBT classification, accurately classifying 86 out of 102 images. T2 sequence shows the highest sensitivity for MPBT, while T1C and T1 sequences exhibit the highest sensitivity for MBT. CONCLUSIONS: DL models, particularly ResNet101 and VGG19, demonstrate promising performance in classifying MPBT and MBT based on MRI images. The choice of MRI sequence can impact the sensitivity of tumor detection. These findings contribute to the advancement of DL-based brain tumor classification and its potential in improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
10. Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Ordering and Assessment
- Author
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Albin, Catherine S. W., Zafar, Sahar F., Albin, Catherine S.W., editor, and Zafar, Sahar F., editor
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- 2022
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11. Classification of low‑ and high‑grade gliomas using radiomic analysis of multiple sequences of MRI brain.
- Author
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Zachariah, Rhea Merin, P. S., Priya, and Pendem, Saikiran
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GLIOMAS , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *BRAIN tumors , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *FEATURE extraction , *SEQUENCE analysis - Abstract
Background: Gliomas are frequent tumors of brain parenchyma, which have histology similar to that of glial cells. Accurate glioma grading is required for determining clinical management. The background of this study is to investigate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‑based radiomic features extracted from multiple MRI sequences in differentiating low and high‑grade gliomas. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study. It includes two groups. Group A includes patients with confirmed histopathological diagnosis of low (23) and high‑grade (58) gliomas from 2012 to 2020 were included. The MRI images were acquired using a Signa HDxt 1.5 Tesla MRI (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, USA). Group B includes an external test set consisting of low‑ (20) and high‑grade gliomas (20) obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The radiomic features were extracted from axial T2, apparent diffusion coefficient map, axial T2 fluid‑attenuated inversion recovery, and axial T1 post‑contrast sequences for both the groups. The Mann − Whitney U test was performed to assess the significant radiomic features useful for distinguishing the glioma grades for Group A. To determine the accuracy of radiomic features for differentiating gliomas, AUC was calculated from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for both groups. Results: Our study noticed in Group A, fourteen MRI‑based radiomic features from four MRI sequences showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) in differentiating gliomas. In Group A, we noticed T1 post‑contrast radiomic features such as first‑order variance (FOV) (sensitivity − 94.56%, specificity – 97.51%, AUC – 0.969) and GLRLM long‑run gray‑level emphasis (sensitivity – 97.54%), specificity – 96.53%, AUC – 0.972) had the highest discriminative power for distinguishing the histological subtypes of gliomas. Our study noticed no statistical significant difference between ROC curves of significant radiomic features for both groups. In Group B, the T1 post‑contrast radiomic features such as FOV (AUC–0.933) and GLRLM long‑run gray‑level emphasis (AUC–0.981) had also shown high discriminative power for distinguishing the gliomas. Conclusion: Our study concludes that MRI‑based radiomic features extracted from multiple MRI sequences provide a non‑invasive diagnosis of low‑ and high‑grade gliomas and can be implemented in clinical settings for diagnosing the glioma grades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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12. The Role of the Three-Dimensional Edge-Enhancing Gradient Echo Sequence at 3T MRI in the Detection of Focal Cortical Dysplasia: A Technical Case Report and Literature Review.
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Abula, Yaeraili, Abulimiti, Ailanuer, Liu, ZhengQing, Yimiti, Yasen, Abula, Yaermaimaiti, Jiang, Lei, Wang, YunLing, and Kasimu, Maimaitijiang
- Subjects
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EPILEPSY , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *TECHNICAL reports , *CHILDREN with epilepsy , *FOCAL cortical dysplasia , *CHILDHOOD epilepsy - Abstract
Introduction Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a most common cause of intractable focal epilepsy in children. Surgery is considered as a radical option for such patients with the prerequisite of lesion detection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in detection of FCDs in epilepsy patients; however, the detection of FCDs even in epilepsy dedicated MRI sequence shows relatively low positive rate. Last year, Middlebrooks et al introduced the novel three-dimensional Edge-Enhancing Gradient Echo (3D-EDGE) MRI sequence and using this sequence successfully identified five cases of FCDs which indicates its potential role in those epilepsy patients who may have FCDs. Case Presentation We present a 14-year-old, right-handed, male patient who has suffered from drug-resistant epilepsy over the past 3 years. It was unable to localize the lesion of the seizure, even using the series of epilepsy dedicated MRI sequences. Inspired by the previous report, the lesion of the seizure was successfully targeted by 3D-EDGE sequence. Combined with intraoperative navigation and precisely removed the lesion. He was uneventfully recovered with no signs of cerebral dysfunction and no seizure recurrence 8 months after surgery. Conclusion The 3D-EDGE sequences show a higher sensitivity for FCD detection in epilepsy patients compared with a series of epilepsy-dedicated MRI protocols. We confirmed that the study by Middlebrooks et al is of great clinical value. If the findings on routine MRI sequences or even epilepsy-dedicated MRI sequences were reported as negative, however, the semiology, video-electroencephalography, and fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography results suggest a local abnormality, and the results are concordant with each other, a 3D-EDGE sequence may be a good option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Fusion of 3D Radiomic Features from Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Images for Breast Cancer Risk Classification
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Marín-Castrillón, Diana M., Rincón, Jaider Stiven, Castro-Ospina, Andrés E., Hernández, Liliana, Díaz, Gloria M., Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Kotenko, Igor, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Narváez, Fabián R., editor, Vallejo, Diego F., editor, Morillo, Paulina A., editor, and Proaño, Julio R., editor
- Published
- 2020
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14. Degenerative Disc Disease
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Goel, Aneesh P., Wang, Eric J., Bicket, Mark C., and Mao, Jianren, editor
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- 2020
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15. Role of contrast-enhanced FLAIR MRI in diagnosis of intracranial lesions
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Wessam Mustafa, Sherif Ali, Nadia Elgendy, Samer Salama, Lamiaa El Sorogy, and Mohamed Mohsen
- Subjects
Contrast-enhanced FLAIR (CE-FLAIR) ,Intracranial lesions ,MRI sequences ,Brain ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background MR imaging plays a significant role in detection and characterization of different brain diseases. The role of the post-contrast T1-weighted image magnetic resonance imaging (T1W MRI) sequence has been widely established in previous studies and clinical practice. In this study, we aim to share our experience as regards the added value of contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (CE-FLAIR) sequence in the diagnosis of various intracranial pathological conditions and evaluate its usefulness in comparison with post-contrast T1W images. Results Based on the final radiological diagnosis, the total cases were subdivided into three categories, and the majority of our cases were tumors (81.2%), followed by multiple sclerosis (11.8%), and the least was central nervous system infection (7.1%). CE-FLAIR showed superior enhancement in 35 cases (50.7) and equal enhancement in 25 cases (36.3%). However, it showed less enhancement than post-contrast T1W images in 9 cases (13%). Excellent inter-observer agreement (97.65%) was noted. Regarding lesion conspicuity, good delineation was found in the majority of cases (64.7%), fair delineation in 12.9%, and no delineation in 22.4%. A statistically significant difference was found in signal intensity of lesion between pre- and post-contrast FLAIR sequences. Contrast to background ratio was statistically significant in CE FLAIR images in comparison to CE T1 images. Conclusion CE-FLAIR imaging should be used as a routine or adjunctive sequence to CE-T1WI to enhance early detection and increase the diagnostic confidence in MRI examination of different brain pathological conditions.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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16. The evaluation of unilateral closed-lip schizencephaly on complex MRI sequences
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Emrah Doğan
- Subjects
schizencephaly ,closed-lip ,mri ,mri sequences ,Medicine ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Schizencephaly is one of the rare cortical malformations that classify in the group of neurological migration defects. The appearance of the anomaly is in the form of a cleft that passes through the brain parenchyma. In mild types, the cleft does not reach the lateral ventricle. Demonstrating the presence of polymicrogyria, optimal evaluation of the cortex and determining the cleft trace are essential in the radiological evaluation of schizencephaly. Because differential diagnosis should be made with heterotopias and focal cortical dysplasia. We present a case of a 21-yearold female patient with closed-lip schizencephaly accompanied by MRI findings. Polymicrogyria is best detected in sagittal T2 sequences, while the difference of white matter and grey matter are well observed in T1 and FLAIR sequences. The benefit of diffusion-weighted images in schizencephaly is unclear. The ADC values of the grey matter adjacent to the cleft are close to the lower limit of normal. Susceptibility weighted image (SWI) sequence has no place in the evaluation of schizencephaly. It can be beneficial for the exclusion of vascular malformations, hemorrhage and differential diagnosis.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Cochlear Model for the Evaluation of MRI Sequences and Cochlear Implant Electrode Pattern at 3T.
- Author
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Scholtz, Lars Uwe, Riemann, Conrad, Gehl, Hans Björn, Sudhoff, Holger, and Todt, Ingo
- Subjects
MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,COCHLEAR implants ,OPERATIVE surgery ,CROSS-sectional imaging ,NONIONIZING radiation in medicine - Abstract
Introduction Cochlear implant (CI) magnets and surgical techniques (e.g., positioning) have made an impact on the relationship between CI and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by solving the problem of pain and artifact. Recent investigations displayed the possibility to evaluate the CI electrode position by MRI in vivo. However, further improved perceptual quality is needed to allow an improved evaluation of the electrode. Aims The aim of this study was to assess a cochlear model for the examination of CI electrode pattern and MRI sequences in vitro. Materials and Methods We investigated CI electrodes in a fluid-filled three-dimensional artificial scala tympani model combined with a fluid package in a 3T MRI scanner. Different high-resolution T2 sequences (0.6–0.2 mm voxel size) were used for the visual electrode pattern evaluation for finding an optimized sequence. Results Artificial models can be used to evaluate MRI characteristics of CI electrodes. In our scanner configuration, a 0.3 mm voxel and 0.9 mm slice thickness sequence showed the best compromise between resolution and scanning time. Conclusion and Significance MRI model-based testing can be performed in vitro to evaluate CI electrodes' pattern and to optimize sequences. An MRI model is a tool for in vitro testing of MRI sequences and might help for future in vivo applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Role of contrast-enhanced FLAIR MRI in diagnosis of intracranial lesions.
- Author
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Mustafa, Wessam, Ali, Sherif, Elgendy, Nadia, Salama, Samer, El Sorogy, Lamiaa, and Mohsen, Mohamed
- Subjects
- *
CONTRAST-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging , *BRAIN diseases , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *DIAGNOSIS ,CENTRAL nervous system infections - Abstract
Background: MR imaging plays a significant role in detection and characterization of different brain diseases. The role of the post-contrast T1-weighted image magnetic resonance imaging (T1W MRI) sequence has been widely established in previous studies and clinical practice. In this study, we aim to share our experience as regards the added value of contrast-enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (CE-FLAIR) sequence in the diagnosis of various intracranial pathological conditions and evaluate its usefulness in comparison with post-contrast T1W images. Results: Based on the final radiological diagnosis, the total cases were subdivided into three categories, and the majority of our cases were tumors (81.2%), followed by multiple sclerosis (11.8%), and the least was central nervous system infection (7.1%). CE-FLAIR showed superior enhancement in 35 cases (50.7) and equal enhancement in 25 cases (36.3%). However, it showed less enhancement than post-contrast T1W images in 9 cases (13%). Excellent inter-observer agreement (97.65%) was noted. Regarding lesion conspicuity, good delineation was found in the majority of cases (64.7%), fair delineation in 12.9%, and no delineation in 22.4%. A statistically significant difference was found in signal intensity of lesion between pre- and post-contrast FLAIR sequences. Contrast to background ratio was statistically significant in CE FLAIR images in comparison to CE T1 images. Conclusion: CE-FLAIR imaging should be used as a routine or adjunctive sequence to CE-T1WI to enhance early detection and increase the diagnostic confidence in MRI examination of different brain pathological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. MR Mammography
- Author
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Rousakis, Arkadios Chr., Spigos, Dimitrios G., Gouliamos, Athanasios D., editor, Andreou, John A., editor, and Kosmidis, Paris A., editor
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- 2018
- Full Text
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20. Comparison of driven equilibrium and standard spin-echo sequence in MR microscopy: Analysis of signal dependence on RF pulse imperfection and diffusion.
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Serša, Igor
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC resonance microscopy , *ECHO , *MAGNETIZATION reversal , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *IMPERFECTION , *EQUILIBRIUM - Abstract
[Display omitted] • MR microscopy with spin-echo (SE) and its DEFT variant (DE-SE) was compared. • The signal dependence on RF pulse flip angles and on diffusion was studied. • DE-SE was found considerably more sensitive to flip angle deviations than SE. • Diffusion signal attenuation in MR microscopy with DE-SE may be significant. • The water signal ratio between DE-SE and SE images was 10:1 with short TRs. Rapid MR imaging of slowly relaxing samples is often challenging. The most commonly used solutions are found in multi spin-echo (RARE) sequences or gradient-echo (GE) sequences, which allow faster imaging of such samples with multiple acquisitions of k -space lines per excitation or imaging with very short repetition times (TR s). Another solution is the use of a spin-echo (SE) sequence superimposed with a driven equilibrium Fourier transform (DEFT) method. Such a (DE-SE) imaging sequence has two refocusing RF pulses that produce two spin-echoes. In the first echo, the signal is acquired from the k -space line, and in the second echo, a 90° RF pulse is applied, typically 180° out of phase with respect to the excitation RF pulse. This last RF pulse allows almost complete magnetization reversal back to the longitudinal orientation with minimal magnetization loss. The DE-SE sequence and its RARE variant are widely used in clinical imaging, but its use in MR microscopy has some peculiarities related to the usually less perfect RF pulse flip angles and diffusion. In this study, their effects are first theoretically analyzed and later verified by experiments on test samples performed on a 9.4 T system for MR microscopy. Experiments on a water-filled tube for TE = 3.4 ms and TR = 25–200 ms showed that the DE-SE sequence produces about 10 times more signal than the SE sequence in this TR range. Finally, the performance of the DE-SE sequence compared to the SE sequence was demonstrated on a biological sample. The presented DE-SE sequence has been shown to be effective for rapid imaging of samples with long T 1 relaxation times in MR microscopy and can also be considered as a suitable method for rapid proton density weighed imaging of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. THE EVALUATION OF UNILATERAL CLOSED-LIP SCHIZENCEPHALY ON COMPLEX MRI SEQUENCES.
- Author
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Doğan, Emrah
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *DIFFUSION magnetic resonance imaging , *DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis , *PARTIAL epilepsy , *WHITE matter (Nerve tissue) , *WOMEN patients - Abstract
Schizencephaly is one of the rare cortical malformations that classify in the group of neurological migration defects. The appearance of the anomaly is in the form of a cleft that passes through the brain parenchyma. In mild types, the cleft does not reach the lateral ventricle. Demonstrating the presence of polymicrogyria, optimal evaluation of the cortex and determining the cleft trace are essential in the radiological evaluation of schizencephaly. Because differential diagnosis should be made with heterotopias and focal cortical dysplasia. We present a case of a 21-yearold female patient with closed-lip schizencephaly accompanied by MRI findings. Polymicrogyria is best detected in sagittal T2 sequences, while the difference of white matter and grey matter are well observed in T1 and FLAIR sequences. The benefit of diffusion-weighted images in schizencephaly is unclear. The ADC values of the grey matter adjacent to the cleft are close to the lower limit of normal. Susceptibility weighted image (SWI) sequence has no place in the evaluation of schizencephaly. It can be beneficial for the exclusion of vascular malformations, haemorrhage and differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Differentiation of invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma of the breast using MRI radiomic features: a pilot study.
- Author
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Maiti S, Nayak S, Hebbar KD, and Pendem S
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Pilot Projects, Retrospective Studies, Radiomics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Carcinoma, Lobular diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Lobular pathology, Breast Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Breast Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality among women. For clinical management to help patients survive longer and spend less time on treatment, early and precise cancer identification and differentiation of breast lesions are crucial. To investigate the accuracy of radiomic features (RF) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE MRI) for differentiating invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)., Methods: This is a retrospective study. The IDC of 30 and ILC of 28 patients from Dukes breast cancer MRI data set of The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA), were included. The RF categories such as shape based, Gray level dependence matrix (GLDM), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), First order, Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM), Gray level size zone matrix (GLSZM), NGTDM (Neighbouring gray tone difference matrix) were extracted from the DCE-MRI sequence using a 3D slicer. The maximum relevance and minimum redundancy (mRMR) was applied using Google Colab for identifying the top fifteen relevant radiomic features. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify significant RF for differentiating IDC and ILC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to ascertain the accuracy of RF in distinguishing between IDC and ILC., Results: Ten DCE MRI-based RFs used in our study showed a significant difference (p <0.001) between IDC and ILC. We noticed that DCE RF, such as Gray level run length matrix (GLRLM) gray level variance (sensitivity (SN) 97.21%, specificity (SP) 96.2%, area under curve (AUC) 0.998), Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) difference average (SN 95.72%, SP 96.34%, AUC 0.983), GLCM interquartile range (SN 95.24%, SP 97.31%, AUC 0.968), had the strongest ability to differentiate IDC and ILC., Conclusions: MRI-based RF derived from DCE sequences can be used in clinical settings to differentiate malignant lesions of the breast, such as IDC and ILC, without requiring intrusive procedures., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2024 Maiti S et al.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Identifying core MRI sequences for reliable automatic brain metastasis segmentation.
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Buchner, Josef A, Peeken, Jan C, Etzel, Lucas, Ezhov, Ivan, Mayinger, Michael, Christ, Sebastian M, Brunner, Thomas B, Wittig, Andrea, Menze, Bjoern H, Zimmer, Claus, Meyer, Bernhard, Guckenberger, Matthias, Andratschke, Nicolaus, El Shafie, Rami A, Debus, Jürgen, Rogers, Susanne, Riesterer, Oliver, Schulze, Katrin, Feldmann, Horst J, and Blanck, Oliver
- Subjects
- *
BRAIN metastasis , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *BRAIN tumors - Abstract
• Neural networks can segment contrast-enhancing brain metastases as well as their surrounding edemas with a reduced number of input sequences. • For the segmentation of contrast enhancing metastases, T1-CE alone provides sufficient segmentation quality. • For the segmentation of the edema, the combination of T1-CE and T2-FLAIR is crucial. • In our external test cohort, T1-CE is most important for detecting brain metastases, and additional sequences do not improve sensitivity. Many automatic approaches to brain tumor segmentation employ multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. The goal of this project was to compare different combinations of input sequences to determine which MRI sequences are needed for effective automated brain metastasis (BM) segmentation. We analyzed preoperative imaging (T1-weighted sequence ± contrast-enhancement (T1/T1-CE), T2-weighted sequence (T2), and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) sequence) from 339 patients with BMs from seven centers. A baseline 3D U-Net with all four sequences and six U-Nets with plausible sequence combinations (T1-CE, T1, T2-FLAIR, T1-CE + T2-FLAIR, T1-CE + T1 + T2-FLAIR, T1-CE + T1) were trained on 239 patients from two centers and subsequently tested on an external cohort of 100 patients from five centers. The model based on T1-CE alone achieved the best segmentation performance for BM segmentation with a median Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.96. Models trained without T1-CE performed worse (T1-only: DSC = 0.70 and T2-FLAIR-only: DSC = 0.73). For edema segmentation, models that included both T1-CE and T2-FLAIR performed best (DSC = 0.93), while the remaining four models without simultaneous inclusion of these both sequences reached a median DSC of 0.81–0.89. A T1-CE-only protocol suffices for the segmentation of BMs. The combination of T1-CE and T2-FLAIR is important for edema segmentation. Missing either T1-CE or T2-FLAIR decreases performance. These findings may improve imaging routines by omitting unnecessary sequences, thus allowing for faster procedures in daily clinical practice while enabling optimal neural network-based target definitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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24. MRI and the Brain
- Author
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Jindal, Gaurav, Eltorai, Adam E. M., editor, Hyman, Charles H., editor, and Healey, Terrance T., editor
- Published
- 2019
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25. Supervised Domain Adaptation for Automated Semantic Segmentation of the Atrial Cavity
- Author
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Marta Saiz-Vivó, Adrián Colomer, Carles Fonfría, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, and Valery Naranjo
- Subjects
supervised domain adaptation ,MRI sequences ,atrial geometry ,semantic segmentation ,Science ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. At present, cardiac ablation is the main treatment procedure for AF. To guide and plan this procedure, it is essential for clinicians to obtain patient-specific 3D geometrical models of the atria. For this, there is an interest in automatic image segmentation algorithms, such as deep learning (DL) methods, as opposed to manual segmentation, an error-prone and time-consuming method. However, to optimize DL algorithms, many annotated examples are required, increasing acquisition costs. The aim of this work is to develop automatic and high-performance computational models for left and right atrium (LA and RA) segmentation from a few labelled MRI volumetric images with a 3D Dual U-Net algorithm. For this, a supervised domain adaptation (SDA) method is introduced to infer knowledge from late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) MRI volumetric training samples (80 LA annotated samples) to a network trained with balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) MR images of limited number of annotations (19 RA and LA annotated samples). The resulting knowledge-transferred model SDA outperformed the same network trained from scratch in both RA (Dice equals 0.9160) and LA (Dice equals 0.8813) segmentation tasks.
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
26. Urethra contouring on computed tomography urethrogram versus magnetic resonance imaging for stereotactic body radiotherapy in prostate cancer.
- Author
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Ong WL, Allan Hupman M, Davidson M, Ruschin M, Detsky J, Liu S, Vesprini D, and Loblaw A
- Abstract
Accurate urethra contouring is critical in prostate SBRT. We compared urethra contouring on CT-urethrogram and T2-weighted MRI. The dice similarity coefficient, Jaccard index, Hausdorff distance and mean distance to agreement were evaluated. All four metrics indicate better agreement and less variability in urethra contouring on CT-urethrogram, compared to T2-weighted MRI., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
27. MR Mammography
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Rousakis, Arkadios Chr., Spigos, Dimitrios G., Gouliamos, Athanasios D., editor, Andreou, John, editor, and Kosmidis, Paris, editor
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- 2014
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28. NOVEL STRUCTURED MRI REPORTING SYSTEM IN NEONATAL HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY – ISSUES OF DEVELOPMENT AND FIRST USE EXPERIENCES.
- Author
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LAKATOS, Andrea, KOLOSSVÁRY, Márton, SZABÓ, Miklós, JERMENDY, Ágnes, BAGYURA, Zsolt, BARSI, Péter, RUDAS, Gábor, and KOZÁK, Lajos R.
- Subjects
MEDICAL care use reporting ,BRAIN diseases ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,NEONATAL diseases ,NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
Copyright of Clinical Neuroscience / Ideggyógyászati Szemle is the property of LifeTime Media Kft. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
29. 3.0 T磁共振6个序列产生金属伪影程度的对比.
- Author
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高岚, 廉云敏, 王璞, and 怀海丽
- Abstract
Copyright of West China Journal of Stomatology is the property of Sichuan University, West China College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Supervised Domain Adaptation for Automated Semantic Segmentation of the Atrial Cavity
- Author
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Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Comunicaciones - Departament de Comunicacions, Generalitat Valenciana, European Regional Development Fund, Saiz-Vivó, Marta, Colomer, Adrián, Fonfría, Carles, Martí-Bonmatí, Luis, Naranjo Ornedo, Valeriana, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Comunicaciones - Departament de Comunicacions, Generalitat Valenciana, European Regional Development Fund, Saiz-Vivó, Marta, Colomer, Adrián, Fonfría, Carles, Martí-Bonmatí, Luis, and Naranjo Ornedo, Valeriana
- Abstract
[EN] Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. At present, cardiac ablation is the main treatment procedure for AF. To guide and plan this procedure, it is essential for clinicians to obtain patient-specific 3D geometrical models of the atria. For this, there is an interest in automatic image segmentation algorithms, such as deep learning (DL) methods, as opposed to manual segmentation, an error-prone and time-consuming method. However, to optimize DL algorithms, many annotated examples are required, increasing acquisition costs. The aim of this work is to develop automatic and high-performance computational models for left and right atrium (LA and RA) segmentation from a few labelled MRI volumetric images with a 3D Dual U-Net algorithm. For this, a supervised domain adaptation (SDA) method is introduced to infer knowledge from late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) MRI volumetric training samples (80 LA annotated samples) to a network trained with balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) MR images of limited number of annotations (19 RA and LA annotated samples). The resulting knowledge-transferred model SDA outperformed the same network trained from scratch in both RA (Dice equals 0.9160) and LA (Dice equals 0.8813) segmentation tasks.
- Published
- 2021
31. Cone beam computed tomography based image guidance and quality assessment of prostate cancer for magnetic resonance imaging-only radiotherapy in the pelvis
- Author
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Edmund, Jens M., Andreasen, Daniel, Van Leemput, Koen, Edmund, Jens M., Andreasen, Daniel, and Van Leemput, Koen
- Abstract
Background and purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) based on magentic resonance imaging (MRI) only is currently used clinically in the pelvis. A synthetic computed tomography (sCT) is needed for dose planning. Here, we investigate the accuracy of cone beam CT (CBCT) based MRI-only image guided RT (IGRT) and sCT image quality.Materials and methods: CT, MRI and CBCT scans of ten prostate cancer patients were included. The MRI was converted to a sCT using a multi-atlas approach. The sCT, CT and MR images were auto-matched with the CBCT on the bony anatomy. Paired sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT data were created. CT numbers were converted to relative electron (RED) and mass densities (DES) using a standard calibration curve for the CT and sCT. For the CBCT RED/DES conversion, a phantom and paired CT-CBCT population based calibration curve was used. For the latter, the CBCT numbers were averaged in 100 HU bins and the known RED/DES of the CT were assigned. The paired sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT data were averaged in bins of 10 HU or 0.01 RED/DES. The median absolute error (MeAE) between the sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT bins was calculated. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were carried out for the IGRT and MeAE study.Results: The mean sCT or MR IGRT difference from CT wasConclusions: MRI-only CBCT-based IGRT seems feasible but caution is advised. A MeAE around 0.1 DES could call for sCT quality inspection.
- Published
- 2021
32. Supervised Domain Adaptation for Automated Semantic Segmentation of the Atrial Cavity
- Author
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Adrián Colomer, Valery Naranjo, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Marta Saiz-Vivó, and Carles Fonfría
- Subjects
Domain adaptation ,Computer science ,Science ,QC1-999 ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Dice ,Atrial cavity ,Astrophysics ,Article ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,TEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES ,Segmentation ,MRI sequences ,Computational model ,business.industry ,Physics ,Deep learning ,supervised domain adaptation ,Pattern recognition ,Cardiac Ablation ,semantic segmentation ,QB460-466 ,atrial geometry ,Artificial intelligence ,Mr images ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
[EN] Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. At present, cardiac ablation is the main treatment procedure for AF. To guide and plan this procedure, it is essential for clinicians to obtain patient-specific 3D geometrical models of the atria. For this, there is an interest in automatic image segmentation algorithms, such as deep learning (DL) methods, as opposed to manual segmentation, an error-prone and time-consuming method. However, to optimize DL algorithms, many annotated examples are required, increasing acquisition costs. The aim of this work is to develop automatic and high-performance computational models for left and right atrium (LA and RA) segmentation from a few labelled MRI volumetric images with a 3D Dual U-Net algorithm. For this, a supervised domain adaptation (SDA) method is introduced to infer knowledge from late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) MRI volumetric training samples (80 LA annotated samples) to a network trained with balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) MR images of limited number of annotations (19 RA and LA annotated samples). The resulting knowledge-transferred model SDA outperformed the same network trained from scratch in both RA (Dice equals 0.9160) and LA (Dice equals 0.8813) segmentation tasks., This work has been supported by the GVA through project PROMETEO/2019/109. The equipment used for this research has been funded by the European Union within the operating Program ERDF of the Valencian Community 2014-2020 with the grant number IDIFEDER/2020/030.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Cone beam computed tomography based image guidance and quality assessment of prostate cancer for magnetic resonance imaging-only radiotherapy in the pelvis
- Author
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Jens Edmund, Koen Van Leemput, and Daniel Andreasen
- Subjects
Cone beam computed tomography ,Image quality ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,R895-920 ,MRI SEQUENCES ,Imaging phantom ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Hounsfield scale ,MRI-only RT ,RADIATION-THERAPY ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Original Research Article ,education ,IGRT ,Cone beam CT ,RC254-282 ,Synthetic CT ,Image-guided radiation therapy ,education.field_of_study ,Radiation ,NEURAL-NETWORK ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Radiotherapy ,PSEUDO-CT ,business.industry ,Pseudo CT ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Radiation therapy ,SYNTHETIC CT GENERATION ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Nuclear medicine ,business - Abstract
Highlights • MRI-only IGRT accuracy is ≤2 mm as compared to CT but significant differences were observed. • MRI-only CBCT-based IGRT seems feasible but caution is advised. • The median absolute error (MeAE) for independent verification on the sCT quality is proposed. • A MeAE around 0.1 in mass density could call for sCT quality inspection., Background and purpose Radiotherapy (RT) based on magentic resonance imaging (MRI) only is currently used clinically in the pelvis. A synthetic computed tomography (sCT) is needed for dose planning. Here, we investigate the accuracy of cone beam CT (CBCT) based MRI-only image guided RT (IGRT) and sCT image quality. Materials and methods CT, MRI and CBCT scans of ten prostate cancer patients were included. The MRI was converted to a sCT using a multi-atlas approach. The sCT, CT and MR images were auto-matched with the CBCT on the bony anatomy. Paired sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT data were created. CT numbers were converted to relative electron (RED) and mass densities (DES) using a standard calibration curve for the CT and sCT. For the CBCT RED/DES conversion, a phantom and paired CT-CBCT population based calibration curve was used. For the latter, the CBCT numbers were averaged in 100 HU bins and the known RED/DES of the CT were assigned. The paired sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT data were averaged in bins of 10 HU or 0.01 RED/DES. The median absolute error (MeAE) between the sCT-CT and sCT-CBCT bins was calculated. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were carried out for the IGRT and MeAE study. Results The mean sCT or MR IGRT difference from CT was ≤ 2 mm but significant differences were observed. A CBCT HU or phantom-based RED/DES MeAE did not estimate the sCT quality similar to a CT based MeAE but the CBCT population-based RED/DES MeAE did. Conclusions MRI-only CBCT-based IGRT seems feasible but caution is advised. A MeAE around 0.1 DES could call for sCT quality inspection.
- Published
- 2021
34. Optimized Whole-Body PET MRI Sequence Workflow in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.
- Author
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Georgi TW, Stoevesandt D, Kurch L, Bartelt JM, Hasenclever D, Dittmann H, Ferda J, Francis P, Franzius C, Furth C, Gräfe D, Gussew A, Hüllner M, Menezes LJ, Mustafa M, Stegger L, Umutlu L, Zöphel K, Zucchetta P, Körholz D, Sabri O, Mauz-Körholz C, and Kluge R
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Workflow, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Positron-Emission Tomography methods, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Whole Body Imaging methods, Neoplasm Staging, Radiopharmaceuticals, Hodgkin Disease diagnostic imaging, Hodgkin Disease pathology, Bone Diseases
- Abstract
18 F-FDG PET/MRI might be the diagnostic method of choice for Hodgkin lymphoma patients, as it combines significant metabolic information from PET with excellent soft-tissue contrast from MRI and avoids radiation exposure from CT. However, a major issue is longer examination times than for PET/CT, especially for younger children needing anesthesia. Thus, a targeted selection of suitable whole-body MRI sequences is important to optimize the PET/MRI workflow. Methods: The initial PET/MRI scans of 84 EuroNet-PHL-C2 study patients from 13 international PET centers were evaluated. In each available MRI sequence, 5 PET-positive lymph nodes were assessed. If extranodal involvement occurred, 2 splenic lesions, 2 skeletal lesions, and 2 lung lesions were also assessed. A detection rate was calculated dividing the number of visible, anatomically assignable, and measurable lesions in the respective MRI sequence by the total number of lesions. Results: Relaxation time-weighted (T2w) transverse sequences with fat saturation (fs) yielded the best result, with detection rates of 95% for nodal lesions, 62% for splenic lesions, 94% for skeletal lesions, and 83% for lung lesions, followed by T2w transverse sequences without fs (86%, 49%, 16%, and 59%, respectively) and longitudinal relaxation time-weighted contrast-enhanced transverse sequences with fs (74%, 35%, 57%, and 55%, respectively). Conclusion: T2w transverse sequences with fs yielded the highest detection rates and are well suited for accurate whole-body PET/MRI in lymphoma patients. There is no evidence to recommend the use of contrast agents., (© 2023 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.)- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury.
- Author
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Bozzo, Anthony, Marcoux, Judith, Radhakrishna, Mohan, Pelletier, Julie, and Goulet, Benoit
- Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the gold standard for imaging neurological tissues including the spinal cord. The use of MRI for imaging in the acute management of patients with spinal cord injury has increased significantly. This paper used a vigorous literature review with Downs and Black scoring, followed by a Delphi vote on the main conclusions. MRI is strongly recommended for the prognostication of acute spinal cord injury. The sagittal T2 sequence was particularly found to be of value. Four prognostication patterns were found to be predictive of neurological outcome (normal, single-level edema, multi-level edema, and mixed hemorrhage and edema). It is recommended that MRI be used to direct clinical decision making. MRI has a role in clearance, the ruling out of injury, of the cervical spine in the obtunded patient only if there is abnormality of the neurological exam. Patients with cervical spinal cord injuries have an increased risk of vertebral artery injuries but the literature does not allow for recommendation of magnetic resonance angiography as part of the routine protocol. Finally, time repetition (TR) and time echo (TE) values used to evaluate patients with acute spinal cord injury vary significantly. All publications with MRI should specify the TR and TE values used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. (ii) Basic science: magnetic resonance imaging.
- Author
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McKie, S. and Brittenden, J.
- Abstract
Summary: Plain film radiography is the mainstay of orthopaedic investigation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is however now being utilised more frequently and reveals pathology that may have been overlooked with the plain film. This paper describes the basic science of MRI. It also describes the most frequently used sequences in orthopaedic MRI, MRI safety, and types of scanner, artefacts and the use of gadolinium. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Liver tumour MRI: what do we need for lesion characterization?
- Author
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Numminen, K., Halavaara, J., Tervahartiala, P., Isoniemi, H., Kivisaari, L., Palomäki, M., and Höckerstedt, K.
- Subjects
- *
MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *PRECANCEROUS conditions , *LIVER tumors , *GADOLINIUM , *CANCER , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Background: Hepatic lesions constitute a daily challenge to radiology in clinical settings, and non-invasive methods are valuable in the characterization of these liver tumours. We undertook our investigation to assess the lesion characterization potential of MRI by evaluating several unenhanced MR sequences and the dynamic gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced technique. Methods: A total of 116 focal liver lesions in 116 patients were included in our retrospective study, and histological verification was available for 107 lesions. Nine haemangiomas had a follow-up of 2 years. The 1.5-T MR system was used. T1- and T2-weighted sequences and dynamic Gd-enhanced studies were evaluated by two individual readers as separate sequences and also collectively. Lesions were classified into benign or malignant, and a specific diagnosis was proposed. The McNemar test was used in statistical analysis, and interobserver variation was measured using kappa statistics. Results: Lesion classification into benign and malignant tumours (by evaluating all images in concert) was assessed in 83% and 89% of cases by readers 1 and 2, respectively. From single sequences, best lesion classification was achieved with Gd-enhanced T1 by both readers. The difference in classification was statistically significant when all sequences were evaluated in comparison with any single sequence alone ( P = 0.02). Specific diagnosis was correctly determined using all sequences together in 60% and 71% of cases by readers 1 and 2, respectively. For individual sequences, correct diagnosis was most frequently proposed with a Gd-enhanced T1-weighted sequence by both readers (59% and 65% for readers 1 and 2, respectively). Conclusion: Multisequential MRI using Gd-enhanced imaging performs extremely well in liver lesion classification, and with moderate ability to determine a specific diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
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- View/download PDF
38. Cervical MRI. Part I: a basic overview
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DeVries, Renée M. and Manne, Anita
- Subjects
- *
CERVICAL vertebrae , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *SPINE , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
This article provides a brief overview of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine for the clinician. A basic review of MRI physics is followed by a discussion of the most common imaging sequences. The indications for contrast are outlined along with contraindications. Finally, a review of cervical spine anatomy is correlated with annotated images. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. MRI of bone marrow disorders.
- Author
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Vanel, D., Dromain, C., and Tardivon, A.
- Subjects
BONE marrow ,RADIOGRAPHY equipment ,IMMUNE system ,METASTASIS ,LEUKEMIA ,LYMPHOMAS - Abstract
Four factors can be used in MR of bone marrow: fat-water distribution, artifacts induced by bone trabeculae, diffusion, and uptake of contrast media. Fat-water is imaged using T1-weighted spin-echo, short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and fast STIR, in- and out-of-phase gradient echo, and fat pre-saturation sequences; bone trabeculae by gradient echo with long TE; diffusion by single-shot spin-echo. The injection of contrast media is a more easy and efficient way to improve the specificity. The value and limitations of those sequences are discussed in marrow replacements (metastases, lymphoma, leukemia) and in myeloid hyperplasia or depletion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Supervised Domain Adaptation for Automated Semantic Segmentation of the Atrial Cavity.
- Author
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Saiz-Vivó, Marta, Colomer, Adrián, Fonfría, Carles, Martí-Bonmatí, Luis, and Naranjo, Valery
- Subjects
- *
DEEP learning , *MEDICAL personnel , *ARRHYTHMIA , *THREE-dimensional imaging , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *ATRIAL arrhythmias - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. At present, cardiac ablation is the main treatment procedure for AF. To guide and plan this procedure, it is essential for clinicians to obtain patient-specific 3D geometrical models of the atria. For this, there is an interest in automatic image segmentation algorithms, such as deep learning (DL) methods, as opposed to manual segmentation, an error-prone and time-consuming method. However, to optimize DL algorithms, many annotated examples are required, increasing acquisition costs. The aim of this work is to develop automatic and high-performance computational models for left and right atrium (LA and RA) segmentation from a few labelled MRI volumetric images with a 3D Dual U-Net algorithm. For this, a supervised domain adaptation (SDA) method is introduced to infer knowledge from late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) MRI volumetric training samples (80 LA annotated samples) to a network trained with balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) MR images of limited number of annotations (19 RA and LA annotated samples). The resulting knowledge-transferred model SDA outperformed the same network trained from scratch in both RA (Dice equals 0.9160) and LA (Dice equals 0.8813) segmentation tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. MRI of bone metastases.
- Author
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Vanel, D., Bittoun, J., and Tardivon, A.
- Abstract
Some knowledge of MR theory is required to be able to achieve high contrast between bone metastases and normal marrow. Three factors are used in MR to diagnose bone metastases; fat-water distribution, artifacts induced by bone trabeculae, and uptake of contrast medium. Using MR-histological correlations based on specimens of the lumbar spine, and studies of patients, we explain the advantages and limitations of sequences studying fat and water (spin-echo T1, STIR, in- and out-of-phase gradient echo, fat presaturation), bone trabeculae (gradient echo with long TE), and the injection of contrast medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Magnetic resonance imaging of pancreatic carcinoma.
- Author
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Pavone, Paolo, Occhiato, Rossella, Michelini, Osvaldo, Giuliani, Silvia, Cardone, Gianpiero, Albertini Petroni, Giorgio, Stefano, Nicola, Aytan, Engin, and Passariello, Roberto
- Abstract
The authors have used MRI for investigation of 41 patients with pancreatic tumours. MR examinations were performed with 0.5 T superconductive equipment. Short TR, short TE spin echo (SE) sequences were obtained with 8 averages and 256×256 matrix. T2-weighted sequences were also acquired. T1-weighted SE sequences provided more detail, with high intrinsic contrast between the tumour and the normal pancreas; small lesions (19 smaller than 3 cm in diameter) were always detected on these images. T2-weighted SE sequences were not useful for lesion detection, due to the lower intrinsic contrast and the number of artefacts. T2-weighted sequences proved helpful for lesion characterisation in two cases of cystoadenocarcinoma only. Staging of the tumour was possible with MRI, with good assessment of local spread, lymphoadenopathy, vascular involvement and hepatic metastases. MRI of the pancreas at medium field strength can be an alternative to CT in selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A comparison of pulse sequences in the detection of post-traumatic bone marrow abnormalities at low field strength MRI.
- Author
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Bonel, H., Helmberger, T., Sittek, H., and Reiser, M.
- Abstract
Objective and Patients: One hundred and forty-one patients with recent joint trauma, aged 12-71 years, were imaged on a 0.2-T dedicated MRI system and evaluated for bone bruises. The most beneficial sequences were compared.Design: The diagnosis of post-traumatic bone marrow abnormalities was established in 20 of 141 patients on the basis of decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted TSE and fat-suppressed IRGE sequences. Signal changes within the bone marrow were evaluated and statistically correlated with normal bone.Results: The highest signal alteration was found on T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences, followed by IRGE, which detected smaller differences in signal intensity. T2-weighted TSE imaging showed the least contrast. The areas with bone marrow changes were approximately equal in size on T1-weighted SE and T2-weighted TSE sequences. The same areas depicted on IRGE and GRE sequences proved to be significantly larger (P < 0.01).Conclusion: Using a 0.2-T dedicated system T1-weighted SE, T1-weighted GRE and IRGE sequences were most effective in detecting conspicuous bone marrow alteration, while the T2-weighted TSE sequence was inferior. GRE and IRGE imaging showed areas about 4 times larger depicting bone marrow changes. On suspicion of bone bruise, a protocol including GRE and IRGE pulse sequences could be most beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Resonancia magnética de tiroides y paratiroides
- Author
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Gonzalo Domínguez, Miguel, Hernández Rodríguez, Cristina, Martín Pérez, Manuel Ángel, Marín Balbín, José Martín, Blanco Hernández, Rodrigo, Martín García, Ignacio, Gonzalo Domínguez, Miguel, Hernández Rodríguez, Cristina, Martín Pérez, Manuel Ángel, Marín Balbín, José Martín, Blanco Hernández, Rodrigo, and Martín García, Ignacio
- Abstract
Introduction: The assessment of the thyroid and parathyroid pathology is usually achieved with ultrasounds. There are several systems of classification that are internationally accepted in neoplastic disease, such as TIRADS system, and there are well-defined patterns for ultrasound imaging in inflammatory disease. Material and methods: However, there are specific needs that require magnetic resonance imaging. We review the main indications of MRI in the evaluation of thyroid and parathyroid in 64 patients and determine which protocols are more appropriate and which sequences are better for a proper characterization. Results: Then we review the semiology obtained by this technique, making correlation with disease processes affecting these cervical structures., Introducción: El estudio del tiroides y de la paratiroides se realiza habitualmente con ultrasonidos, existiendo sistemas de clasificación internacionalmente aceptados en caso de la patología neoplásica como el sistema TIRADS, y patrones bien definidos de la imagen ecográfica en caso de patología inflamatoria. No obstante, existen ciertas circunstancias en las que está indicado realizar su exploración con tomografía computada o bien con resonancia magnética. Material y Métodos: Realizamos una revisión de las principales indicaciones para la valoración de estas glándulas con resonancia magnética a partir de nuestra experiencia, con los resultados obtenidos en 64 pacientes. Resultados: Establecemos cuáles son los protocolos específicos y las secuencias más adecuadas para su correcta caracterización y planteamos además, la semiología de los resultados obtenidos mediante esta técnica, haciendo correlación con los procesos patológicos que afectan a estas estructuras cervicales.
- Published
- 2017
45. Quantitative rotating frame relaxometry methods in MRI
- Author
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Gilani, I. A. and Sepponen, R.
- Subjects
Spin lock ,Endogenous contrast methods ,Tissue ,Physics::Medical Physics ,Rate constants ,T1ρ MRI ,Rotating-frame relaxation ,Locks (fasteners) ,Rotating frame relaxation rate mapping ,Spin-lock MRI ,T2ρ MRI ,Alzheimer disease ,Quantitative relaxometry in MRI ,Relaxometry ,MRI sequence design ,Adiabatic pulse ,Adiabatic pulses for T1ρ and T2ρ relaxation ,MRI sequences - Abstract
Macromolecular degeneration and biochemical changes in tissue can be quantified using rotating frame relaxometry in MRI. It has been shown in several studies that the rotating frame longitudinal relaxation rate constant (R1ρ) and the rotating frame transverse relaxation rate constant (R2ρ) are sensitive biomarkers of phenomena at the cellular level. In this comprehensive review, existing MRI methods for probing the biophysical mechanisms that affect the rotating frame relaxation rates of the tissue (i.e. R1ρ and R2ρ) are presented. Long acquisition times and high radiofrequency (RF) energy deposition into tissue during the process of spin-locking in rotating frame relaxometry are the major barriers to the establishment of these relaxation contrasts at high magnetic fields. Therefore, clinical applications of R1ρ and R2ρ MRI using on- or off-resonance RF excitation methods remain challenging. Accordingly, this review describes the theoretical and experimental approaches to the design of hard RF pulse cluster- and adiabatic RF pulse-based excitation schemes for accurate and precise measurements of R1ρ and R2ρ. The merits and drawbacks of different MRI acquisition strategies for quantitative relaxation rate measurement in the rotating frame regime are reviewed. In addition, this review summarizes current clinical applications of rotating frame MRI sequences. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2016
46. Développements de méthodes de traitement et d’acquisition du signal pour la Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique 2D in vivo
- Author
-
Roussel , Tangi, RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, Sophie Cavassila-Beuf, Hélène Ratiney, 5 - RMN et optique : De la mesure aux biomarqueurs, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé ( CREATIS ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA )
- Subjects
2D Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other] ,Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique 2D ,RMN ultrarapide ,[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other] ,Ultrafast NMR ,Quantification algorithm ,Séquences IRM ,Animal testing ,Expérimentation animale ,MRI sequences ,Algorithme de quantification - Abstract
In vivo proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool for metabolicprofiling because this technique is non-invasive and quantitative. However,conventional localized spectroscopy presents important in vivo metabolic informationthrough overlapped spectral signatures greatly affecting the quantification accuracy.Two-dimensional (2D) MRS, originally developed for analytical chemistry,has great potential to unambiguously distinguish metabolites. Therefore, metabolitequantification is improved allowing accurate estimation of their concentrations. Inthis thesis, the research findings are presented under two main headings. The firstline of research focuses on conventional 2D MRS J-resolved. A J-PRESS sequencewas developed allowing the acquisition of in vivo 2D MRS spectra, which were processedby a dedicated quantification method. Experiments were performed on therat brain using a 7 T imaging system and different sampling strategies were evaluated.The quantification method, specifically developed to handle 2D J-resolved MRSdata quantification in time domain, is based on a strong prior-knowledge. However,2D MRS suffers from long acquisition times due to the collection of numerous incrementsin the indirect dimension. Therefore, the second line of research focuseson the reduction of acquisition time using recently developed methods based on theultrafast NMR concept. A new pulse sequence was designed, allowing 3D localizedultrafast 2D J-resolved spectroscopic acquisition on a 7T small animal imaging system. This breakthrough allows the acquisition of a complete 2D spectrum in a singlescan, resulting in acquisition times of a few seconds.; La Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique (SRM) constitue un outil non-invasifunique pour l’exploration biochimique du métabolisme des organismes vivants. Cependant,en raison des champs magnétiques couramment utilisés chez l’homme etle petit animal, la SRM in vivo du proton ne permet pas de quantifier précisémentla concentration de tous les métabolites présents dans le cerveau. La SRM à deuxdimensions spectrales (SRM 2D), technique utilisée en routine en chimie, permetde séparer efficacement les signatures spectrales des métabolites facilitant ainsi leuridentification et leur quantification en termes de concentrations. Les travaux réalisésdans le cadre de cette thèse concernent le développement de méthodes d’acquisitionet de quantification de spectres RMN 2D J-résolus in vivo et sont présentéssuivant deux axes majeurs. Le premier axe concerne les travaux relatifs à la SRM2D J-résolue conventionnelle qui ont fait l’objet du développement d’une séquenceJ-PRESS sur un imageur 7 T pour l’acquisition de spectres 2D sur le cerveau de rat.Les données acquises sont traitées avec une méthode d’analyse spectrale développéeet optimisée spécifiquement pour la quantification de données SRM 2D J-résolues,reposant sur une connaissance a priori et un ajustement numérique dans le domainetemporel. Le second axe concerne les travaux relatifs à la réduction de la duréed’acquisition en SRM 2D avec le développement de techniques basées sur le conceptrécent de RMN ultrarapide. Une nouvelle séquence de SRM 2D J-résolue ultrarapidea été développée et validée sur un imageur 7 T et a permis l’acquisition de spectres2D complets avec une durée d’acquisition de l’ordre de la seconde.
- Published
- 2012
47. Développements de méthodes de traitement et d’acquisition du signal pour la Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique 2D in vivo
- Author
-
Roussel, Tangi, STAR, ABES, RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, Sophie Cavassila-Beuf, and Hélène Ratiney
- Subjects
[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other] ,2D Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ,[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other] ,RMN ultrarapide ,Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique 2D ,Ultrafast NMR ,Quantification algorithm ,Séquences IRM ,Animal testing ,Expérimentation animale ,MRI sequences ,Algorithme de quantification - Abstract
In vivo proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool for metabolicprofiling because this technique is non-invasive and quantitative. However,conventional localized spectroscopy presents important in vivo metabolic informationthrough overlapped spectral signatures greatly affecting the quantification accuracy.Two-dimensional (2D) MRS, originally developed for analytical chemistry,has great potential to unambiguously distinguish metabolites. Therefore, metabolitequantification is improved allowing accurate estimation of their concentrations. Inthis thesis, the research findings are presented under two main headings. The firstline of research focuses on conventional 2D MRS J-resolved. A J-PRESS sequencewas developed allowing the acquisition of in vivo 2D MRS spectra, which were processedby a dedicated quantification method. Experiments were performed on therat brain using a 7 T imaging system and different sampling strategies were evaluated.The quantification method, specifically developed to handle 2D J-resolved MRSdata quantification in time domain, is based on a strong prior-knowledge. However,2D MRS suffers from long acquisition times due to the collection of numerous incrementsin the indirect dimension. Therefore, the second line of research focuseson the reduction of acquisition time using recently developed methods based on theultrafast NMR concept. A new pulse sequence was designed, allowing 3D localizedultrafast 2D J-resolved spectroscopic acquisition on a 7T small animal imaging system. This breakthrough allows the acquisition of a complete 2D spectrum in a singlescan, resulting in acquisition times of a few seconds., La Spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique (SRM) constitue un outil non-invasifunique pour l’exploration biochimique du métabolisme des organismes vivants. Cependant,en raison des champs magnétiques couramment utilisés chez l’homme etle petit animal, la SRM in vivo du proton ne permet pas de quantifier précisémentla concentration de tous les métabolites présents dans le cerveau. La SRM à deuxdimensions spectrales (SRM 2D), technique utilisée en routine en chimie, permetde séparer efficacement les signatures spectrales des métabolites facilitant ainsi leuridentification et leur quantification en termes de concentrations. Les travaux réalisésdans le cadre de cette thèse concernent le développement de méthodes d’acquisitionet de quantification de spectres RMN 2D J-résolus in vivo et sont présentéssuivant deux axes majeurs. Le premier axe concerne les travaux relatifs à la SRM2D J-résolue conventionnelle qui ont fait l’objet du développement d’une séquenceJ-PRESS sur un imageur 7 T pour l’acquisition de spectres 2D sur le cerveau de rat.Les données acquises sont traitées avec une méthode d’analyse spectrale développéeet optimisée spécifiquement pour la quantification de données SRM 2D J-résolues,reposant sur une connaissance a priori et un ajustement numérique dans le domainetemporel. Le second axe concerne les travaux relatifs à la réduction de la duréed’acquisition en SRM 2D avec le développement de techniques basées sur le conceptrécent de RMN ultrarapide. Une nouvelle séquence de SRM 2D J-résolue ultrarapidea été développée et validée sur un imageur 7 T et a permis l’acquisition de spectres2D complets avec une durée d’acquisition de l’ordre de la seconde.
- Published
- 2012
48. Automatic kidney segmentation using Gaussian mixture model on MRI sequences
- Author
-
Göçeri, Evin
- Subjects
MR images ,Image segmentation ,Image characteristics ,Contrast media ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Segmentation performance ,MR scanners ,Expectation-maximization method ,Gray levels ,Gaussian Mixture Model ,Segmentation techniques ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Kidney segmentation ,Model-based OPC ,Partial volume effect ,Low contrast image ,K-means method ,MRI ,MRI sequences - Abstract
Robust kidney segmentation from MR images is a very difficult task due to the especially gray level similarity of adjacent organs, partial volume effects and injection of contrast media. In addition to different image characteristics with different MR scanners, the variations of the kidney shapes, gray levels and positions make the identification and segmentation task even harder. In this paper, we propose an automatic kidney segmentation approach using Gaussian mixture model (GMM) that adapts all parameters according to each MR image dataset to handle all these challenging problems. The efficiency in terms of the segmentation performance is achieved by the estimation of the GMM parameters using the Expectation Maximization (EM) method. The segmentation approach is compared to k-means method. The results show that the model based probabilistic segmentation technique gives better performance for both low contrast images and atypical kidney shapes where several algorithms fail on abdominal MR images. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011.
- Published
- 2011
49. Novel structured MRI reporting system in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy - issues of development and first use experiences.
- Author
-
Lakatos A, Kolossváry M, Szabó M, Jermendy Á, Bagyura Z, Barsi P, Rudas G, and Kozák LR
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Retrospective Studies, Brain pathology, Hypothermia, Induced, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Neonatal Screening methods
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: To develop an evidence-based, standardized structured reporting (SR) method for brain MRI examinations in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) suitable both for clinical and research use., Methods: SR template development was based on comprehensive review of the pertinent literature with the basic sections and subdivisions of the template defined according to MRI sequences (both conventional and diffusion-weighted, MR-spectroscopy (MRS), and T2*-weighted imaging), and the items targeted on age-related imaging patterns of HIE. In order to evaluate the usability of the proposed SR template we compared data obtained from the brain MR image analysis of 87 term and 19 preterm neonates with the literature. The enrolled 106 infants were born between 2013 and 2015, went through therapeutic hypothermia according to the TOBY criteria due to moderate to severe asphyxia and had at least one brain MRI examination within the first two weeks of life. Ethical approval was obtained for this retrospective study. Descriptive statistical analysis was also performed on data exported from the structured reporting system as feasibility test., Results: The mean gestational age of the study population was 38.3±2.2 weeks; brain MRI was performed on 5.8±2.9 day of life, hence in 78% of our patients after the conclusion of therapeutic hypothermia. Our main imaging findings were concordant to the pertinent literature. Moreover, we identified a characteristic temporal evolution of diffusion changes. Interestingly 18% (n=19/106) of the clinically asphyxiated infants had isolated axial-extraaxial haemorrhage without any imaging sign of HIE., Conclusion: In this article our approach of reporting HIE cases with our novel SR template is described. The SR template was found suitable for reporting HIE cases, moreover it uncovered time and location dependent evolution of diffusion abnormalities (and pseudonormalization, as well), suggesting its usefulness in clinical research applications. The high number of isolated intracranial haemorrhages, and the changing diffusion pattern emphasizes the importance of early imaging in HIE.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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