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Yoshimichi Hirota, Yuki Muraoka, Takahiro Kogo, Masaharu Ishikura, Shin Kadomoto, Naomi Nishigori, Kenji Ishihara, Satoshi Morooka, Akihito Uji, Akitaka Tsujikawa Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanCorrespondence: Yuki Muraoka, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Kawahara Cho 54, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, 606-8507, Japan, Tel +81-75-751-3248, Fax +81-75-752-0933, Email muraoka@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jpPurpose: Despite the necessity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring in patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease, no studies have identified useful OCT markers for predicting recurrence in these patients. Although the precise reason for this remains unclear, one possibility is that infiltration of inflammatory cells into the choroid attenuates the OCT signal, making it difficult to precisely assess the structure of the choroid. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate changes in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reflectivity immediately above the choroid in eyes with acute VKH disease, as well as the association between RPE reflectivity and VKH disease recurrence.Patients and Methods: This single-centered retrospective observational study included 20 treatment-naïve patients with acute VKH disease presenting with serous retinal detachment (SRD) in the posterior pole at the initial visit between October 2015 and January 2020, as well as 15 healthy control eyes. All patients were followed up for at least 6 months and received treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone followed by oral administration of prednisolone. Swept-source OCT images through the fovea were used to measure central retinal thickness, central choroidal thickness, and RPE reflectivity.Results: During an observation period of 37.2 ± 30.8 months, recurrence of inflammation was observed in 11 patients (55.0%). Initial visual acuity was worse in patients who developed recurrence than in those who did not (P=0.024). On initial OCT images, RPE reflectivity differed significantly between patients with and without recurrence (1.75 ± 0.42 vs 1.35 ± 0.20; P=0.018), while there were no significant differences in other chorioretinal parameters, such as central retinal thickness and choroidal thickness.Conclusion: RPE reflectivity on OCT images may be useful for predicting the recurrence of inflammation in patients with VKH disease.Keywords: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, optical coherence tomography, retinal pigment epithelium, inflammation recurrence

Masayo Suda, Hideo Nakanishi, Tadamichi Akagi, Tomoaki Murakami, Kiyoshi Suzuma, Kenji Suda, Takanori Kameda, Satoshi Morooka, Hanako Ohashi Ikeda, Akitaka Tsujikawa Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan Purpose: To describe the 1-year surgical outcomes of both Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) and the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implant with pars plana tube insertion in Japanese eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Patients and methods: This was a retrospective study of 21 eyes of 18 patients who had undergone BGI (10 eyes) or AGV (11 eyes) implantation. The 1-year surgical outcomes in the two groups were compared. Surgical success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 6–21 mmHg (criterion A) or 6–18 mmHg (criterion B) with >20% reduction regardless of the use of antiglaucoma medications. Results: The mean preoperative IOP was 33.9±6.6 mmHg in the BGI group and 30.9±5.3 mmHg in the AGV group (P=0.31). The IOP at 1-year was lower in the BGI group at 10.3±5.9 mmHg than in the AGV group at 14.8±3.3 mmHg (P=0.044). The mean number of glaucoma medications at 1 year was 1.0±1.3 in the BGI group and 1.4±1.4 in the AGV group (P=0.57). The incidence of postoperative complications during the 1-year follow-up was not statistically different between the two groups; however, one eye in the BGI group lost light perception after additional surgery for Hoffman elbow exposure. The 1-year success rates of the BGI group was 60.0% and that in the AGV group was 90.9% based on criterion A (P=0.095), and 50.0% and 81.8% based on criterion B (P=0.074). Conclusions: Significant reductions of the IOP and number of glaucoma medications were achieved at 1 year after both types of implants in Japanese eyes with NVG. Keywords: neovascular glaucoma, Baerveldt, Ahmed, glaucoma drainage device, pars plana tube insertion

Ken Ogino,1 Maho Oishi,1 Akio Oishi,1 Satoshi Morooka,1 Masako Sugahara,1 Norimoto Gotoh,1,2 Masafumi Kurimoto,3 Nagahisa Yoshimura1 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 2Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, 3Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Kyoto, JapanPurpose: To describe the peripheral autofluorescence images and clinical features of patients with retinal dystrophy who showed radial fundus autofluorescence (FAF) at the posterior pole.Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed pooled wide-field FAF images of 711 patients with retinal dystrophy and 56 family members.Results: Eleven eyes of seven women exhibited radial FAF at the posterior pole. Wide-field FAF showed extension of the radial pattern to the periphery in all eyes except one. One woman showed radial hyper-FAF only in the periphery, not at the posterior pole. These eight individuals were X-linked retinitis pigmentosa patients or carriers. The tapetal-like reflex was not observed in their color fundus photographs. The peripheral visual field showed wedge-shaped restriction in some individuals.Conclusion: Wide-field FAF imaging can depict radial FAF not only at the posterior pole but also in the periphery in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa carriers. The authors therefore agree with previous reports that radial FAF may be a hallmark of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. Keywords: X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, radial pattern, wide-field fundus autofluorescence, RPGR gene

Conductor temperature monitoring system in XLPE cable joint in underground power transmission line, which uses surface temperature on cable joint and conductor current measuring devices, was developed to reinforce the reliability of stable power supply. The surface temperature on cable joint is measured by using either thermocouples or an optical fiber sensor, and the conductor current in installed cable is measured by setting separate type current transformers to insulation joint. The conductor temperature in cable joint is estimated by numerically solving simultaneous differential equations with 31 unknowns.