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2. Deaths with COVID-19 and from all-causes following first-ever SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with preexisting mental disorders: A national cohort study from Czechia

Author

Formánek, Tomás, Potocár, Libor, Wolfova, Katrin, Melicharová, Hana, Mladá, Karolína, Wiedemann, Anna, Chen, Danni, Mohr, Pavel, Winkler, Petr, Jones, Peter B., and Jarkovský, Jirí

Subjects
Mentally ill -- Statistics -- Death of, Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Evidence suggests reduced survival rates following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting mental disorders, especially psychotic disorders, before the broad introduction of vaccines. It remains unknown whether this elevated mortality risk persisted at later phases of the pandemic and when accounting for the confounding effect of vaccination uptake and clinically recorded physical comorbidities. Methods and findings We used data from Czech national health registers to identify first-ever serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in 5 epochs related to different phases of the pandemic: 1st March 2020 to 30th September 2020, 1st October 2020 to 26th December 2020, 27th December 2020 to 31st March 2021, 1st April 2021 to 31st October 2021, and 1st November 2021 to 29th February 2022. In these people, we ascertained cases of mental disorders using 2 approaches: (1) per the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic codes for substance use, psychotic, affective, and anxiety disorders; and (2) per ICD-10 diagnostic codes for the above mental disorders coupled with a prescription for anxiolytics/hypnotics/sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics, or stimulants per the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes. We matched individuals with preexisting mental disorders with counterparts who had no recorded mental disorders on age, sex, month and year of infection, vaccination status, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). We assessed deaths with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and from all-causes in the time period of 28 and 60 days following the infection using stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for matching variables and additional confounders. The number of individuals in matched-cohorts ranged from 1,328 in epoch 1 to 854,079 in epoch 5. The proportion of females ranged from 34.98% in people diagnosed with substance use disorders in epoch 3 to 71.16% in individuals diagnosed and treated with anxiety disorders in epoch 5. The mean age ranged from 40.97 years (standard deviation [SD] = 15.69 years) in individuals diagnosed with substance use disorders in epoch 5 to 56.04 years (SD = 18.37 years) in people diagnosed with psychotic disorders in epoch 2. People diagnosed with or diagnosed and treated for psychotic disorders had a consistently elevated risk of dying with COVID-19 in epochs 2, 3, 4, and 5, with adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) ranging from 1.46 [95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.18, 1.79] to 1.93 [95% CIs, 1.12, 3.32]. This patient group demonstrated also a consistently elevated risk of all-cause mortality in epochs 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.43 [95% CIs, 1.23, 1.66] to 1.99 [95% CIs, 1.25, 3.16]). The models could not be reliably fit for psychotic disorders in epoch 1. People diagnosed with substance use disorders had an increased risk of all-cause mortality 28 days postinfection in epoch 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.30 [95% CIs, 1.14, 1.47] to 1.59 [95% CIs, 1.19, 2.12]) and 60 days postinfection in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.22 [95% CIs, 1.08, 1.38] to 1.52 [95% CIs, 1.16, 1.98]). Cases ascertained based on diagnosis of substance use disorders and treatment had increased risk of all-cause mortality in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 1.22 [95% CIs, 1.03, 1.43] to 1.91 [95% CIs, 1.25, 2.91]). The models could not be reliably fit for substance use disorders in epoch 1. In contrast to these, people diagnosed with anxiety disorders had a decreased risk of death with COVID-19 in epoch 2, 3, and 5 (aHR from 0.78 [95% CIs, 0.69, 0.88] to 0.89 [95% CIs, 0.81, 0.98]) and all-cause mortality in epoch 2, 3, 4, and 5 (aHR from 0.83 [95% CIs, 0.77, 0.90] to 0.88 [95% CIs, 0.83, 0.93]). People diagnosed and treated for affective disorders had a decreased risk of both death with COVID-19 and from all-causes in epoch 3 (aHR from 0.87 [95% CIs, 0.79, 0.96] to 0.90 [95% CIs, 0.83, 0.99]), but demonstrated broadly null effects in other epochs. Given the unavailability of data on a number of potentially influential confounders, particularly body mass index, tobacco smoking status, and socioeconomic status, part of the detected associations might be due to residual confounding. Conclusions People with preexisting psychotic, and, less robustly, substance use disorders demonstrated a persistently elevated risk of death following SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the pandemic. While it cannot be ruled out that part of the detected associations is due to residual confounding, this excess mortality cannot be fully explained by lower vaccination uptake and more clinically recorded physical comorbidities in these patient groups., Author(s): Tomás Formánek 1,2,*, Libor Potocár 1,3, Katrin Wolfova 4,5, Hana Melicharová 6, Karolína Mladá 1,7, Anna Wiedemann 2, Danni Chen 8, Pavel Mohr 9,10, Petr Winkler 1,11, Peter B. [...]

Published
2024
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5. Efficacy of oral versus long-acting antipsychotic treatment in patients with early-phase schizophrenia in Europe and Israel: a large-scale, open-label, randomised trial (EULAST)

Author

Kahn, René Sylvain, Fleischhacker, Walter Wolfgang, Davidson, Michael, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, Weiser, Mark, Luykx, Jurjen, Hasan, Alkomiet, Mosescu, Monica, Galderisi, Silvana, Kupchik, Marina, Stefanis, Nikos, Teitelbaum, Alexander, Rocca, Paola, Psota, Georg, Umoh, George, Bitter, Istvan, Hranov, Lucho, Hofer, Alex, Cordes, Joachim, Nilforooshan, Ramin, Bobes, Julio, Reitan, Solveig Klebo, Morrens, Manuel, Nirestean, Aurel, Geddes, John, Crespo Faccorro, Benedicto, Olajossy, Marcin, Rossi, Alessandro, Johnsen, Erik, László, Csekey, Ciobanu, Adela, Haddad, Peter, Oife, Igor, Bernardo, Miquel, Stan, Rodicutza, Jarema, Marek, Rujescu, Dan, Ustohal, Libor, Mayfield, Neil, Dazzan, Paola, Valevski, Avi, Libiger, Jan, Köhler, Richard, Mohr, Pavel, Pappa, Sofia, Drosos, Petros, Barnes, Thomas, DeClercq, Esther, Wagner, Elias, Bucci, Paola, Mucci, Armida, Rabinowitz, Yaacov, Adamopoulous, Adam, Draiman, Benjamin, Montemagni, Cristiana, Greslechner, Manfred, Herlihy, Hannah, Bolyos, Csilla, Schmidt-Kraepelin, Christian, TRUE, Jessica, Alvarez Garcia, Leticia, Walla, Berit, Sabbe, Bernhard, Emese, Lucaks, Mather, Sarah, Skoczen, Nikodem, Parnanzone, Serena, Bjarke, Jill, Karácsonyi, Krisztina, Lankshear, Steve, Garriga, Marina, Wichniak, Adam, Baumbach, Heidi, Schurr, Timo, Willebrands, Leonie, Nasib, Lyliana, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, Cynthia, Huijsman, Elianne, Leucht, Stefan, Glenthøj, Birte, Bar Haim, Mor, Leucht, Claudia, Kemmler, Georg, Kahn, René S, and Fleischhacker, W Wolfgang

Published
2023
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6. Clinician treatment choices for post-traumatic stress disorder: ambassadors survey of psychiatrists in 39 European countries

Author

Rojnic Kuzman, Martina, primary, Padberg, Frank, additional, Amann, Benedikt L., additional, Schouler-Ocak, Meryam, additional, Bajic, Zarko, additional, Melartin, Tarja, additional, James, Adrian, additional, Beezhold, Julian, additional, Artigue Gómez, Jordi, additional, Arango, Celso, additional, Jendricko, Tihana, additional, Ismayilov, Jamila, additional, Flannery, William, additional, Chumakov, Egor, additional, Başar, Koray, additional, Vahip, Simavi, additional, Dudek, Dominika, additional, Samochowiec, Jerzy, additional, Mihajlovic, Goran, additional, Rota, Fulvia, additional, Stoppe, Gabriela, additional, Dom, Geert, additional, Catthoor, Kirsten, additional, Chkonia, Eka, additional, Heitor Dos Santos, Maria João, additional, Telles, Diogo, additional, Falkai, Peter, additional, Courtet, Philippe, additional, Patarák, Michal, additional, Izakova, Lubomira, additional, Skugarevski, Oleg, additional, Barjaktarov, Stojan, additional, Babic, Dragan, additional, Racetovic, Goran, additional, Fiorillo, Andrea, additional, Carpiniello, Bernardo, additional, Taube, Maris, additional, Melamed, Yuval, additional, Chihai, Jana, additional, Cozman, Doina Constanta Maria, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Szekeres, György, additional, Delic, Mirjana, additional, Mazaliauskienė, Ramunė, additional, Tomcuk, Aleksandar, additional, Maruta, Nataliya, additional, and Gorwood, Philip, additional

Published
2024
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9. Amisulpride and olanzapine followed by open-label treatment with clozapine in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder (OPTiMiSE): a three-phase switching study

Author

Kahn, René S, Sommer, Iris E, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, Somers, Metten, Ywema, Paula C, Kapur, Shitisj, McGuire, Philip, Leboyer, Marion, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Lewis, Shon W, Leucht, Stefan, Arango, Celso, Fleischhacker, Wolfgang W, Meijering, Anne Lotte, Petter, Jocelyn, Van de Brug, Resy, Schotsman, Joost, Zwerver, Jildou, Peuskens, Jos, De Hert, Marc, Thys, Erik, Hranov, Lucho G, Hranov, Valentin, Libiger, Jan, Köhler, Richard, Mohr, Pavel, Glenthoj, Birte, Broberg, Brian, Düring, Signe, Baandrup, Lone, Jamain, Stephane, Heres, Stephan, Rujescu, Dan, Giegling, Ina, Weiser, Mark, Bar Heim, Mor, Davidson, Michael, Galderisi, Silvana, Bucci, Paola, Mucci, Armida, Rybakowski, Janusz, Remlinger-Molenda, Agnieszka, Gonen, Ilan, Radu, Paull, Díaz-Marsá, Marina, Rodriguez, Alberto, Palomo, Tomas, Rodriguez-Jimenez, Roberto, García-Portilla, Paz, Bernardo, Miquel, Bobes, Julio, Vilares Oliveira, Christina, Berger, Gregor, Wildt, Claudia, Dazzan, Paola, Perez-Iglesias, Roccio, Drake, Richard, Gregory, Sarah, Wilson, Danielle, Díaz-Caneja, Covadonga M, Eijkemans, Marinus J C, Winter van Rossum, Inge, Glenthøj, Birte, Fleischhacker, W Wolfgang, and Kapur, Shitij

Published
2018
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11. Psilocybin disrupts sensory and higher order cognitive processing but not pre-attentive cognitive processing—study on P300 and mismatch negativity in healthy volunteers

Author

Bravermanová, Anna, Viktorinová, Michaela, Tylš, Filip, Novák, Tomáš, Androvičová, Renáta, Korčák, Jakub, Horáček, Jiří, Balíková, Marie, Griškova-Bulanova, Inga, Danielová, Dominika, Vlček, Přemysl, Mohr, Pavel, Brunovský, Martin, Koudelka, Vlastimil, and Páleníček, Tomáš

Published
2018
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12. The price of peace in our time

Author

Pinchuk, Irina, primary, Leventhal, Bennett L., additional, Akiyama, Tsuyoshi, additional, Berger, Hartmut, additional, Bobolakis, Isabelle Secret, additional, Brendel, Rebecca W., additional, Catthoor, Kirsten, additional, Chihai, Jana, additional, Chkonia, Eka, additional, Dom, Geert, additional, Dudek, Dominika, additional, James, Adrian, additional, Javed, Afzal, additional, Kupchik, Marina, additional, Mazaliauskiene, Ramune, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Lien, Lars, additional, Lakra, Vinay, additional, Meyer‐Lindenberg, Andreas, additional, Seifritz, Erich, additional, Szekeres, György, additional, and Skokauskas, Norbert, additional

Published
2023
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13. Efficacy of oral versus long-acting antipsychotic treatment in patients with early-phase schizophrenia in Europe and Israel: a large-scale, open-label, randomised trial (EULAST)

Author

Winter-van Rossum, Inge, primary, Weiser, Mark, additional, Galderisi, Silvana, additional, Leucht, Stefan, additional, Bitter, Istvan, additional, Glenthøj, Birte, additional, Hasan, Alkomiet, additional, Luykx, Jurjen, additional, Kupchik, Marina, additional, Psota, Georg, additional, Rocca, Paola, additional, Stefanis, Nikos, additional, Teitelbaum, Alexander, additional, Bar Haim, Mor, additional, Leucht, Claudia, additional, Kemmler, Georg, additional, Schurr, Timo, additional, Davidson, Michael, additional, Kahn, René S, additional, Fleischhacker, W Wolfgang, additional, Kahn, René Sylvain, additional, Fleischhacker, Walter Wolfgang, additional, Winter-van Rossum, Inge, additional, Mosescu, Monica, additional, Umoh, George, additional, Hranov, Lucho, additional, Hofer, Alex, additional, Cordes, Joachim, additional, Nilforooshan, Ramin, additional, Bobes, Julio, additional, Reitan, Solveig Klebo, additional, Morrens, Manuel, additional, Nirestean, Aurel, additional, Geddes, John, additional, Crespo Faccorro, Benedicto, additional, Olajossy, Marcin, additional, Rossi, Alessandro, additional, Johnsen, Erik, additional, László, Csekey, additional, Ciobanu, Adela, additional, Haddad, Peter, additional, Oife, Igor, additional, Bernardo, Miquel, additional, Stan, Rodicutza, additional, Jarema, Marek, additional, Rujescu, Dan, additional, Ustohal, Libor, additional, Mayfield, Neil, additional, Dazzan, Paola, additional, Valevski, Avi, additional, Libiger, Jan, additional, Köhler, Richard, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Pappa, Sofia, additional, Drosos, Petros, additional, Barnes, Thomas, additional, DeClercq, Esther, additional, Wagner, Elias, additional, Bucci, Paola, additional, Mucci, Armida, additional, Rabinowitz, Yaacov, additional, Adamopoulous, Adam, additional, Draiman, Benjamin, additional, Montemagni, Cristiana, additional, Greslechner, Manfred, additional, Herlihy, Hannah, additional, Bolyos, Csilla, additional, Kraepelin-Schmidt, Christian, additional, True, Jessica, additional, Alvarez Garcia, Leticia, additional, Walla, Berit, additional, Sabbe, Bernhard, additional, Emese, Lucaks, additional, Mather, Sarah, additional, Skoczeń, Nikodem, additional, Parnanzone, Serena, additional, Bjarke, Jill, additional, Karácsonyi, Krisztina, additional, Lankshear, Steve, additional, Garriga, Marina, additional, Wichniak, Adam, additional, Baumbach, Heidi, additional, Willebrands, Leonie, additional, Nasib, Lyliana, additional, Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, Cynthia, additional, and Huijsman, Elianne, additional

Published
2023
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14. Population Mental Health, Help-seeking and Associated Barriers following the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Repeated Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Surveys in Czechia

Author

Mladá, Karolína, Tomáš Formánek, Winkler, Petr, Matěj Kučera, Potočár, Libor, and Mohr, Pavel

Abstract

In the present study, we aim to investigate the state of population mental health approximately two and half years since the start of the COVID-19 (November and December 2022), and compare it with data collections realized in 2017 and during 2020. By using data collected by the means of F2F, CAWI and CATI interviewing, we aim to assess the consistency of results across different modes of data collection. Next, we aim to investigate the self-reported utilization and barriers in service utilization approximately two and half years since the beginning of the pandemic.

Published
2023
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15. Characteristics of People who Died of Suicide and Self-harmed and the Risk of these Outcomes in People with Pre-existing Mental Disorders before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of the Czech National Health Registers

Author

Melicharová, Hana, Jiří Jarkovský, Kasal, Alexandr, Winkler, Petr, Mladá, Karolína, Tomáš Formánek, Mohr, Pavel, Šárka Daňková, and Simsa, Benjamin

Abstract

In the present study, we aim to investigate the structure of the population who died of suicide and were hospitalized due to self-harm, stratified according to their sociodemographic characteristic and history of treatment for a mental disorder, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Czechia. Then, we aim to investigate the risk of suicide and self-harm requiring hospitalization in individuals with a pre-existing mental disorder, when compared to the general population and individuals without a mental disorder, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2023
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19. Teaching Critical Appraisal of Articles on Psychopharmacology

Author

Mohr, Pavel, Hoschl, Cyril, and Volavka, Jan

Abstract

Objective: Psychiatrists and other physicians sometimes read publications superficially, relying excessively on abstracts. The authors addressed this problem by teaching critical appraisal of individual articles. Method: The authors developed a 23-item appraisal instrument to assess articles in the area of psychopharmacology. The results were collected with an electronic voting system. A discussion of each of the item followed; tutors shared their views and provided key ratings. Results: Six publications were evaluated in the course of three workshops by a total of 58 trainees. Evaluation of the papers yielded varying results, reflecting variations of the participants' theoretical background as well as varied quality of the publications. The authors present detailed analysis of one paper as an illustrative example. Conclusion: The discussion format and voting stimulated active participation of the trainees. Active involvement, facilitated by the structured assessment tool, followed by feedback with discussion, may enhance the learning process. (Contains 1 table.)

Published
2012
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20. Assessment and Treatment of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia—A Regional Perspective

Author

Bitter, Istvan, primary, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Raspopova, Natalia, additional, Szulc, Agata, additional, Samochowiec, Jerzy, additional, Micluia, Ioana Valentina, additional, Skugarevsky, Oleg, additional, Herold, Róbert, additional, Mihaljevic-Peles, Alma, additional, Okribelashvili, Nino, additional, Dragašek, Jozef, additional, Adomaitiene, Virginija, additional, Rancans, Elmars, additional, Chihai, Jana, additional, Maruta, Natalia, additional, Marić, Nadja P., additional, Milanova, Vihra, additional, Tavčar, Rok, additional, and Mosolov, Sergey, additional

Published
2022
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22. Clinical decision-making style preferences of European psychiatrists: Results from the Ambassadors survey in 38 countries

Author

Rojnic Kuzman, Martina, primary, Slade, Mike, additional, Puschner, Bernd, additional, Scanferla, Elisabetta, additional, Bajic, Zarko, additional, Courtet, Philippe, additional, Samochowiec, Jerzy, additional, Arango, Celso, additional, Vahip, Simavi, additional, Taube, Maris, additional, Falkai, Peter, additional, Dom, Geert, additional, Izakova, Lubomira, additional, Carpiniello, Bernardo, additional, Bellani, Marcella, additional, Fiorillo, Andrea, additional, Skugarevsky, Oleg, additional, Mihaljevic-Peles, Alma, additional, Telles-Correia, Diogo, additional, Novais, Filipa, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Wancata, Johannes, additional, Hultén, Martin, additional, Chkonia, Eka, additional, Balazs, Judit, additional, Beezhold, Julian, additional, Lien, Lars, additional, Mihajlovic, Goran, additional, Delic, Mirjana, additional, Stoppe, Gabriela, additional, Racetovic, Goran, additional, Babic, Dragan, additional, Mazaliauskiene, Ramune, additional, Cozman, Doina, additional, Hjerrild, Simon, additional, Chihai, Jana, additional, Flannery, William, additional, Melartin, Tarja, additional, Maruta, Nataliya, additional, Soghoyan, Armen, additional, and Gorwood, Philip, additional

Published
2022
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26. Prolonged Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Motor Cortex Modulates Cortical Excitability But not Pain Perception

Author

Klírová, Monika, Hejzlar, Martin, Kostýlková, Lenka, Mohr, Pavel, Rokyta, Richard, and Novák, Tomáš

Subjects
theta-burst stimulation, rTMS, TBS, pain, cortical excitability, Brief Research Report, motor evoked potentials, perception, Neuroscience
Abstract

Over the past decade, theta-burst stimulation (TBS) has become a focus of interest in neurostimulatory research. Compared to conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), TBS produces more robust changes in cortical excitability (CE). There is also some evidence of an analgesic effect of the method. Previously published studies have suggested that different TBS parameters elicit opposite effects of TBS on CE. While intermittent TBS (iTBS) facilitates CE, continuous TBS (cTBS) attenuates it. However, prolonged TBS (pTBS) with twice the number of stimuli produces the opposite effect. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study with healthy subjects (n = 24), we investigated the effects of various pTBS (cTBS, iTBS, and placebo TBS) over the right motor cortex on CE and pain perception. Changes in resting motor thresholds (RMTs) and absolute motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes were assessed before and at two time-points (0–5 min; 40–45 min) after pTBS. Tactile and thermal pain thresholds were measured before and 5 min after application. Compared to the placebo, prolonged cTBS (pcTBS) transiently increased MEP amplitudes, while no significant changes were found after prolonged iTBS. However, the facilitation of CE after pcTBS did not induce a parallel analgesic effect. We confirmed that pcTBS with twice the duration converts the conventional inhibitory effect into a facilitatory one. Despite the short-term boost of CE following pcTBS, a corresponding analgesic effect was not demonstrated. Therefore, the results indicate a more complex regulation of pain, which cannot be explained entirely by the modulation of excitability.

Published
2020

28. Modulating Inhibitory Control Processes Using Individualized High Definition Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (HD θ-tACS) of the Anterior Cingulate and Medial Prefrontal Cortex

Author

Klírová, Monika, primary, Voráčková, Veronika, additional, Horáček, Jiří, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Jonáš, Juraj, additional, Dudysová, Daniela Urbaczka, additional, Kostýlková, Lenka, additional, Fayette, Dan, additional, Krejčová, Lucie, additional, Baumann, Silvie, additional, Laskov, Olga, additional, and Novák, Tomáš, additional

Published
2021
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29. Mental health services during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe: Results from the EPA Ambassadors Survey and implications for clinical practice

Author

Rojnic Kuzman, Martina, primary, Vahip, Simavi, additional, Fiorillo, Andrea, additional, Beezhold, Julian, additional, Pinto da Costa, Mariana, additional, Skugarevsky, Oleg, additional, Dom, Geert, additional, Pajevic, Izet, additional, Peles, Alma Mihaljevic, additional, Mohr, Pavel, additional, Kleinberg, Anne, additional, Chkonia, Eka, additional, Balazs, Judit, additional, Flannery, William, additional, Mazaliauskiene, Ramune, additional, Chihai, Jana, additional, Samochowiec, Jerzy, additional, Cozman, Doina, additional, Mihajlovic, Goran, additional, Izakova, Lubomira, additional, Arango, Celso, additional, and Goorwod, Philip, additional

Published
2021
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37. Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD

Author

Kooij, J.J.S., Bijlenga, D., Salerno, L., Jaeschke, R., Bitter, I., Balázs, J., Thome, J., Dom, Geert, Kasper, S., Nunes Filipe, C., Stes, S., Mohr, Pavel, Leppämäki, S., Casas, Miquel, Bobes, J., Mccarthy, J.M., Richarte, Vanesa, Kjems Philipsen, A., Pehlivanidis, A., Niemela, A., Styr, B., Semerci, B., Bolea-Alamanac, B., Edvinsson, Dan, Baeyens, D., Wynchank, D., Sobanski, E., Philipsen, A., Caci, H., Mihailescu, I., Manor, I., Dobrescu, I., Krause, J., Fayyad, J., Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Foeken, K., Rad, F., Adamou, M., Ohlmeier, M., Fitzgerald, M., Gill, M., Lensing, M., Motavalli Mukaddes, N., Brudkiewicz, P., Gustafsson, P., Tani, P., Carpentier, P.J., De Rossi, P., Delorme, R., Markovska Simoska, S., Pallanti, S., Young, S., Bejerot, S., Lehtonen, T., Kustow, J., Müller-Sedgwick, U., Hirvikoski, T., Pironti, V., Ginsberg, Y., Félegeházy, Z., García-Portilla, Maria-Paz, Asherson, Philip, Kooij, J.J.S., Bijlenga, D., Salerno, L., Jaeschke, R., Bitter, I., Balázs, J., Thome, J., Dom, Geert, Kasper, S., Nunes Filipe, C., Stes, S., Mohr, Pavel, Leppämäki, S., Casas, Miquel, Bobes, J., Mccarthy, J.M., Richarte, Vanesa, Kjems Philipsen, A., Pehlivanidis, A., Niemela, A., Styr, B., Semerci, B., Bolea-Alamanac, B., Edvinsson, Dan, Baeyens, D., Wynchank, D., Sobanski, E., Philipsen, A., Caci, H., Mihailescu, I., Manor, I., Dobrescu, I., Krause, J., Fayyad, J., Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Foeken, K., Rad, F., Adamou, M., Ohlmeier, M., Fitzgerald, M., Gill, M., Lensing, M., Motavalli Mukaddes, N., Brudkiewicz, P., Gustafsson, P., Tani, P., Carpentier, P.J., De Rossi, P., Delorme, R., Markovska Simoska, S., Pallanti, S., Young, S., Bejerot, S., Lehtonen, T., Kustow, J., Müller-Sedgwick, U., Hirvikoski, T., Pironti, V., Ginsberg, Y., Félegeházy, Z., García-Portilla, Maria-Paz, and Asherson, Philip

Abstract

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD.

Published
2019

39. Neuroactive Steroids and Cognitive Functions in First-Episode Psychosis Patients and Their Healthy Siblings

Author

Knytl, Pavel, primary, Voráčková, Veronika, additional, Dorazilová, Aneta, additional, Rodriguez, Mabel, additional, Cvrčková, Aneta, additional, Kofroňová, Edita, additional, Kuchař, Martin, additional, Kratochvílová, Zuzana, additional, Šustová, Petra, additional, Čerešňáková, Silvie, additional, and Mohr, Pavel, additional

Published
2019
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43. Cognitive Profiles and Functional Connectivity in First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders – Linking Behavioral and Neuronal Data

Author

Rodriguez, Mabel, primary, Zaytseva, Yuliya, additional, Cvrčková, Aneta, additional, Dvořaček, Boris, additional, Dorazilová, Aneta, additional, Jonáš, Juraj, additional, Šustová, Petra, additional, Voráčková, Veronika, additional, Hájková, Marie, additional, Kratochvílová, Zuzana, additional, Španiel, Filip, additional, and Mohr, Pavel, additional

Published
2019
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44. Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief Version--Czech Version

Author

Šebela, Antonín, primary, Dorazilová, Aneta, additional, Voráčková, Veronika, additional, Knytl, Pavel, additional, Rodriguez, Mabel, additional, Jonáš, Juraj, additional, Švancer, Patrik, additional, and Mohr, Pavel, additional

Published
2019
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46. Cognitive profiles of healthy siblings of first‐episode schizophrenia patients.

Author

Voráčková, Veronika, Knytl, Pavel, Španiel, Filip, Šustová, Petra, Renka, Jiří, and Mohr, Pavel

Subjects
PEOPLE with schizophrenia, SIBLINGS, ABSTRACT thought, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, COGNITION
Abstract

Aim: Cognitive deficit in psychotic illness is intensively studied, different cognitive subtypes have been suggested. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of studies in patients with schizophrenia and their relatives searching for endophenotypes of the disease. The aim of our study was to investigate cognitive performance and cognitive subtypes in the siblings of the patients. Methods: Four groups of subjects were included: patients with a first episode of psychotic illness, the siblings of these patients, and two control groups. All the study subjects (N = 84) had a battery of neuropsychological tests that measured basic cognitive domains – memory, executive functions, attention, visual‐spatial skills, language skills and psychomotor speed – administered to them. The data were assessed with pairwise t‐tests for group comparisons. The siblings were distributed into three groups according to their cognitive performance: non‐deficit, partial deficit, and global deficit. Subsequently, the patients were assigned into three groups corresponding to their siblings' performance. Results: Our results revealed attenuation of abstract thinking in the siblings compared to the controls. As expected, the patients showed impairment across all cognitive domains. The patients and siblings demonstrated similar profiles in each subtype, in the severity of their impairment, and in their patterns of cognitive performance. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the cognitive profile can be considered as an endophenotype of psychotic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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48. VLIV LURASIDONU NA KOGNITIVNÍ FUNKCE UÂ SCHIZOFRENIE.

Author

Mohr, Pavel

Subjects
*NEUROPLASTICITY, *FUNCTIONAL status, *SYMPTOMS, *ZIPRASIDONE, *NEURAL stimulation, *IMPULSE control disorders
Abstract

Cognitive deficit is considered as the core impairment in schizophrenia, it correlates with outcomes more than psychotic symptoms. Cognitive dysfunction can be found in the prodromal phases, in first episodes and in chonic phases of the illness. Therapeutic options are limited, nonpharmacological interventions (cognitive remediation, neurostimulation) or drugs that modulate dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotoninergic, cholinergic, or GABA neurotransmitter system can be used. In clinical practice, the most available procognitive drugs are antipsychotics; however, their clinical effect is small. New serotonin-dopamine antagonist lurasidone has a unique receptor profile that suggests positive effect on cognition: 5-HT7 and α2C receptor antagonism, 5-HT1A agonism, low affinity to D4 receptors. Lurasidone in animal studies reliably improved experimentally impaired memory and learning functions and enhanced neural plasticity. Clinical data on the procognitive efficacy of lurasidone are based on a short-term comparison with ziprasidone and mainly on a double-blind study with quetipine XR. Lurasidone was superior to the comparators in cognitive performance of schizophrenia patients in both short- and longterm treatment. Reduction of cognitive deficit was associated with improvement of patients' functional capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

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