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Modernising engineering education demands integrating diverse perspectives through multidisciplinary, collaborative approaches. In developing countries, collaboration with stakeholders presents a significant challenge. This study aimed to develop a novel collective approach to establish priorities for modernising engineering education. A workshop was conducted by the Modernisation of Undergraduate Education Program at the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná in a Southern Brazilian metropolis, with 63 stakeholders from various sectors (education, experts, government, industry, and civil society organisations). The workshop consisted of three rounds discussions, including two rounds with stakeholders of the same sector and one round with stakeholders of different sectors mixed in discussion tables. Each table, comprising 3–7 participants, aimed to reach a consensus. Several topics were addressed in the discussions, including curricularization of extension, updating outdated curricular bases, and integrating soft skills and entrepreneurship into engineering programs. The resulting goals emphasised the integration of engineering education with society and industry. Participants agreed on short to medium-term deadlines for achieving these goals. This approach connected stakeholders, fostering an extensive collaborative, multisectoral network supporting engineering education modernisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to study the propaganda of the Russian Empire in Central Asia on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty. In the work, the method of comparative analysis and civilizational approach was used, which made it possible to assess the impact of propaganda narratives on the development of the region. The study found that the jubilee celebrations were an occasion for the build-up of monarchist propaganda. The practical significance of this research lies in its detailed analysis of the mechanisms of monarchist propaganda during the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty in Central Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the survival strategies of small family farms in a western Anatolian village in the context of ongoing debates in the current literature concerning the future of small or peasant family farms under the conditions of the neoliberal era. The main argument of the paper is that even though the neoliberal agrarian policies in Turkey put into effect since the early 1980s have divested farmers of much of the protective policies in force in earlier periods—thereby putting them under much severe market pressures—other pressure mechanisms in this case under investigation have a more central impact on their survival. These pressures are the patterns of social and cultural change that occur due to modernization, alongside regulations concerning access to land which the farmers seem to be able to counter by organizing and mobilizing their internal, material, and social resources, within cultural norms. The arguments presented are based on the analysis of empirical data collected through field work carried out in a village of farmers specializing and engaged in the production of dried figs. The study emphasizes the multi‐causal, multi‐layered, contingent, and hybrid nature of the question of survival for these villagers and argues that it should be evaluated as a process, rather than an outcome, with the villagers themselves as agents in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Powered by global financial institutions, philanthrocapitalists and development agencies, agricultural commercialization is once again at the forefront of development discourse and policies, especially since the late 2000s. The cornerstone of this development approach is that by investing in raising agricultural productivity, supporting infrastructure, and introducing climate-smart agricultural systems, with private sector investments all along the food value chain, Africa will transform into a breadbasket for the world. In the last decade, Uganda and Tanzania have enthusiastically embraced agricultural modernization discourses, becoming test beds of new ‘frontier’ blueprints: ‘responsible’ agricultural commercialization projects, ‘inclusive’ business models and ‘sustainable’ contract farming schemes. This paper takes issue with the de-politicizing discourse of the value chain paradigm by exploring diachronically the genealogies of agricultural commercialization in Uganda and Tanzania from colonial times, across post-independence state-led modernizations, to the present neoliberal reforms. It argues that mainstream development narratives tagged to commercialization projects have worked as an ‘anti-politics machine’ making invisible to the public eye the widespread land dispossession, rural pauperization and social conflicts it entails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest royal committee headed by Samir Al‐Rifai to modernize Jordan's political system is often portrayed as a significant step toward political reform. However, this narrative overestimates the committee's impact and overlooks historical limitations and institutional obstacles to reform in Jordan. This study highlights how political reform initiatives in Jordan can be manipulated to serve the regime's objectives rather than the people's will. Historically, despite public pressure for genuine political reform, the regime's responses have been minimal. Royal committees and initiatives have rarely produced tangible results, serving more to provide the regime with narratives of superficial reform than to achieve real change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One notable characteristic of the Iwakura Mission was, in Tanaka Akira's words, its historical and cultural "continuity in discontinuity." While its leaders were mostly from the aristocracy and the powerful Satsuma and Chōshū domains with little experience in the West, the secretaries who assisted them were former Tokugawa retainers that were experts in foreign affairs. The ryūgakusei , or overseas students, who were in the United States or Europe prior to the mission's arrival and joined them on site, were another group that exemplified the "continuity." Reform-minded daimyo and the progressive members of the Tokugawa regime had dispatched many to the West during the Tokugawa period with the very purpose to become useful servants to assist Japan's quick and successful modernization. Once recruited to the mission, these ryūgakusei served as guides, interpreters, and investigators, collecting and compiling information on various institutions and policies in the respective countries. The knowledge, experience, and linguistic skills they had acquired and the network they created while abroad were vital in facilitating the Iwakura Mission and the new Meiji government's subsequent effort of modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global economy, society, and environment are undergoing profound changes and the realization of sustainable development has become the common aspiration of the international community, ecological civilization construction has become an increasingly important issue for China to formulate its long-term development strategies and promote modernization. This study analyzes the characterization of 655 established pilot zones of ecological civilization construction and 'clear waters and green mountains are as valuable as mountains of gold and silver' innovative practices from 2017 to 2022. The spatial distribution of ecological civilization areas in China follows a pattern where more regions are in the southeast than in the northwest (Hu Line). The focus of China's comprehensive ecological civilization construction has been towards the southwest in the first year and has subsequently shifted towards the northwest. The overall Gini coefficient decreased from 0.494 to 0.299, and regional ecological civilization disparities gradually narrowed. Currently, regional construction disparities between the eastern and western regions are a major obstacle to balanced development; therefore, promoting coordinated regional development is necessary. Various factors affecting the pattern of ecological civilization construction, including natural resources, economic development, social progress, policies, and culture, were identified. The availability of natural resources and economic development cause regional differences in construction levels. This research will help promote the coordinated development of Chinese ecological civilization, while the development experiences of different regions can also provide guidance for sustainable development in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional rondavel building patterns, designs and materials have changed due to urbanisation, economic status, globalisation, and modernisation. There is limited understanding of how the architectural change has impacted the utilisation of rondavel space. This study uses the concept of habitus to understand whether the changing design of traditional rondavels has influenced their utilisation, based on a case study of the Mbhashe Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal the habitus of the AmaXhosa people on how they utilise traditional rondavels (family house) for childbirth, placing a deceased's coffin, sleeping, seating, food preparation, serving and storage, keeping the spear, hosting ceremonies, communicating with ancestors, and interacting with the living. While the influence of contemporary architecture has changed the construction of rondavels, the inhabitants have not resisted changes to the architecture or cultural values as they have found different ways to adapt. Certain old dispositions are adaptable to contemporary structures, but some people are uninterested in adapting elements to the contemporary rondavel. Some habits of utilising traditional rondavels cannot be adapted to the contemporary rondavel because of health and medical innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective Methods Results Conclusion The data modernization initiative (DMI) is a multi‐year, multi‐billion‐dollar endeavor toward a robust public health information infrastructure. The various DMI projects (interoperability, analytics, workforce, governance) present an opportunity for a learning health system (LHS) framework in public health. The objective is to share an academic‐practice partnership model between the University of Minnesota (UMN) and the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) in advancing public health informatics (PHI) and its relationship to an LHS model.The UMN‐MDH partnership was conceptualized in 2018 as a 1‐year pilot with annual renewals through a time/cost‐sharing faculty position with PHI expertise. The partnership focus was decided based on MDH's needs and mutual interests, with the core collaborating faculty (SR) being an embedded researcher at MDH. Responsibilities included supporting electronic case reporting (eCR), interoperability projects, and assisting MDH staff with PHI presentations/publications. The partnership has expanded to PHI workforce development through a national grant and now includes an interest in applying the LHS framework to MDH‐DMI work.The MDH‐DMI team has embarked upon 13 projects for assessment through an LHS approach: systems interoperability projects between MDH and healthcare/local public health (n = 6); systems modernization for MDH programs (n = 5); informatics workforce development (n = 1); and program governance (n = 1). Each project has been evaluated and/or has current/future assessment plans to synthesize learnings and create a feedback loop for iterative improvement. The partnership has been mutually beneficial as it met agreed upon metrics across both institutions. The program's productivity is showcased with shared authorship in 10 peer‐reviewed proceedings/publications, 22 presentations and 16 posters across local/national conferences.The current case report of the UMN‐MDH partnership is a relatively recent exemplar to support tangible LHS demonstration in public health. Building LHS momentum at MDH and other public health entities will require LHS champion(s) and continued academic collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Chinese modernization", articulated systematically by the working report to the 20th National Congress of Communist Party of China(CPC) in 2022, has been gradually become a worldwide-known popular concept, which emphasizes harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature as one of its "five unique features". A significant change arisen from it is that, two green theoretical discourses of "eco-civilizational progress" and "green modernization" in contemporary China have historically converged. In the Chinese context, the two discourses can be to a large extent understood as characteristic forms of a more general green discourse. Both the goals or the objectives to be transformed and the dependent environment are common or shared. As self-contained discursive theories, though, there are also noticeable differences and even a certain degree of tension between them. An ideal situation would be that, on the one hand, both of them are consciously put under a broader framework of green discourse theory, from which they can mutually learn and promote from each other, and on the other hand, it is expected that that can better serve China's practice of building a modern socialist country in all respects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mahathir Mohamad is a national leader who successfully propelled Malaysia towards rapid socioeconomic development. However, during his second tenure as Prime Minister, political instability, economic challenges, and weaknesses in implementing promised policies occurred. Therefore, this study aims to assess Mahathir Mohamad's leadership value from the perspective of students at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) during his two tenures as Malaysia's Prime Minister. This study uses a quantitative approach through a survey instrument randomly distributed to 377 UPSI students. The study's findings indicate that the title "Father of Modernization" is fitting for Mahathir Mohamad's leadership values, which significantly contributed to the country's and society's socioeconomic development. Although most UPSI students doubted Mahathir Mohamad's selection as the 7th Prime Minister, they did not deny that his leadership was pivotal in determining Pakatan Harapan's (PH) victory in the 14th General Election. The analysis also shows that his extensive knowledge and experience have made him a globally renowned leader. Overall, this study concludes that there is a change in UPSI students' acceptance of Mahathir Mohamad's leadership values. Student acceptance was high during his tenure as the 4th Prime Minister. However, acceptance was moderate when he became the 7th Prime Minister. This change is due to the maturity of society in evaluating national politics, alongside the weaknesses in his administration during his 7th tenure as Prime Minister. The study's implications provide a clear picture of the changes in public political perceptions towards Mahathir's leadership and the need to develop better strategies for the country's future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the establishment of Türk Traktör, Turkey's first tractor factory, in the 1950s as part of the country's modernization efforts. The factory was a symbol of national development and aimed to manufacture tractors domestically. However, it faced challenges such as financial difficulties and a lack of spare parts, leading to its closure in 1963. The article discusses the role of American businesses in Turkey's post-WWII reconstruction and the influence of the Marshall Plan on Turkish economic and modernization efforts. It highlights the complexities and limitations of rural modernization and urbanization in Turkey during this period. [Extracted from the article]

Temporality is a relatively new conception in the field of education policy. Drawing upon historical sociology, this article aims to contribute to the field by deconstructing China's policy discourse – education modernization. It traces the history of the discourse (1904–2012) to analyze how Chinese rurality is interwoven into the nation's pursuit of modern country status. Two temporal threads are identified: the rural as a problem and the rural as a modernization plan. The article reveals how the threads forms a paradoxical position of the rural in China's current modernization agenda: the problematized rural as a potential empowering force. The findings illuminate how the policy constructs a history narrative thereby constructing a unified destiny of the nation for the future, which entrusts education policy with moral significances. China's case demonstrates how education policy inherits and utilizes historical and cultural assumptions as a governing technique, while being shaped and constrained by them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars theorize the effect of modernization on religious and familial institutions in a parallel way. Some argue that both are irreversibly in decline—as secularization and deinstitutionalization, respectively—while others argue that they have either merely changed or are in fact growing stronger. However, correctly interpreting institutional change depends not only on how one evaluates the empirical starts and endpoints but also on how one defines the domains under change themselves. In this paper, I examine these debates, detail the structural similarities in their arguments, and outline a new analytical approach informed by recent work in institutional logics to better answer the definitional questions. Theorizing both institutions together and their parallel trajectories in modernity reveals unique insights about the scholarly discourse on modernization and is especially important given the unique influence of religion and family on one another as (seemingly) privatized spheres of social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops an analysis of the politics and temporality of infrastructure through a focus on the idea of a project. A project (noun) is an assemblage of expertise, labour, materials and resources. The development of a project to build a port, pipeline, a mine, or a hydropower plant entails the mobilization of ideas, finance, political support and the law, the containment of material forces, as well as the organization of expertise, resources and labour. To project is also a verb; to throw forwards or to imagine, visualize or speculate on a possible future, which may or may not be actualized in practice. Moreover, individual infrastructural projects are often built on the legacy of earlier projects and conceived as contributions to ambitious projections of the future – including modernization, socialism, development and state building. Our analysis of the politics and temporality of projects is both developed and illustrated through an account of infrastructural projects in the Republic of Georgia which are also understood as contributions to a larger project of transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Agraria is the property of Historia Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

China's rural regions grapple with considerable challenges concerning infrastructure and disaster prevention capabilities. Addressing these will be pivotal in the nation's future endeavors toward disaster mitigation and development. This research categorizes China's comprehensive rural disaster reduction policies (RCDRPs) spanning from 1949 to 2021 into distinct evolutionary phases, using quantitative characteristics. Utilizing sociotechnical configuration analysis, we visually chart the progression of policy focal points and draw preliminary lessons from them. Key insights include: (1) the RCDRPs from 1949 to 2021 can be segregated into three distinct phases; (2) there's been a noticeable rise in the RCDRPs jointly promulgated by multiple governmental departments, and the interconnectedness with policymaker networks has thickened, indicating increased synergy amongst governmental bodies; and (3) the primary thrust of RCDRPs has transitioned from postdisaster recuperation to predisaster safeguarding and from a primary emphasis on disaster management to a broader approach to holistic disaster reduction. Drawing upon these insights, this study employs the crisis management framework—encompassing prevention, preparation, response, and recovery—to shed light on potential directions of future disaster prevention and mitigation policies in China. The aim is to align these with the overarching vision of urban–rural integrated development, thereby advancing emergency governance modernization in China's countryside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the new round of land spatial system planning and reconstruction, a top-down land spatial planning system has gradually been established. Village planning is an important component of the national spatial planning system and an important lever for rural revitalization. However, there are still some shortcomings in the completed village planning results. In order to improve village planning, this article used a linear regression model to conduct a significance analysis on 127 samples selected from the completed "multi planning and integration practical village planning" in Qujing City. The main influencing factors and their weights that affected the results of practical village planning were identified. The results showed that factors such as construction land scale, homestead area, and conflicts between the "three districts and three lines" had a greater impact on the weight, and these indicators were more in line with relevant policy regulations, the more reasonable the village planning is; the impact weight of village classification and positioning, industrial development direction, and other indicators was relatively small. The closer these indicators were to reality, the stronger the practicality and feasibility of village planning. Based on the analysis results, targeted measures are proposed to improve village planning from four aspects: policy, talent, funding, and publicity, providing experience for other unfinished areas and strengthening the guidance of rural revitalization planning, so as to consolidate the foundation for better rural revitalization and socialist modernization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the lives of women from the Koli fishing community in Mumbai, aiming to illuminate their unique life experiences and the daily struggles that often remain hidden beneath their prosperous facade. It endeavours to examine their agency and adaptive strategies employed to navigate these challenges. The research was conducted in Pachubandar, Vasai, located in the western suburbs of Mumbai, which stands as one of the prominent Koli settlements in the city. Employing a qualitative research approach coupled with an exploratory research design, the study engaged ten participants, comprising seven Koli women and three key informants from the community. Additionally, an observational analysis of four retail and wholesale fish markets in Mumbai was conducted to gain insight into the working conditions of Koli fisherwomen.This study adopts a gender-focused perspective to scrutinise the contextual vulnerabilities that shape the lives of Koli women. It underscores the paradox wherein, despite playing a pivotal role in sustaining both their families and the traditional fishing occupation, their contributions often go unnoticed. The Koli women face severe deprivation due to their limited access to property and decision-making authority. They find themselves entangled within traditional norms and patriarchal structures, which impede their access to essential assets and diverse livelihood resources. Although they significantly contribute to the fishery sector, their struggles, needs, and aspirations are frequently disregarded due to their lack of representation and involvement in decision-making bodies. The majority of these women work under precarious conditions, devoid of proper infrastructure, resources, and security. Furthermore, the evolving dynamics within the fishery sector, driven by rapid urbanisation and modernisation, have a profound impact on the lives and traditional livelihoods of Koli women. They now confront issues such as dwindling fish catches due to environmental degradation, heightened market competition, reduced livelihood spaces brought about by shifting urban and coastal landscapes, altered labour relations, and technological advancements. Consequently, they find themselves caught between the conflicting forces of tradition and modernity. The research also sheds light on the strategies devised by Koli women to resist and adapt to the uncertainties and challenges they encounter, ultimately safeguarding their livelihoods through self-organisation. The study emphasises the imperative to acknowledge their contributions as ‘visible work’ and advocates for the incorporation of gender considerations when formulating policies and development strategies within the fisheries sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese Baijiu industry is undergoing industrial modernization. However, the key processes including Daqu processing are directly modified based on empirical knowledge, and the lack of engineering mechanisms lead to the inability of rational design. Here, this study quantitatively analyzed the heat generation and flow during Daqu solid-state fermentation, tracked and recorded the parameters during Daqu processing, simplified the biochemical reactions of the fermentation process, and built a Daqu heat balance model. Through the model, the heat generated during the whole fermentation process was transferred outside of the system through three ways: Water evaporation (54. 22% ), conduction of wall and air flow (42. 00% ), and air temperature rising ( < 1% ). The remaining heat (3. 77% ) was the cumulative heat, which was positively correlated with the temperature rise of the Daqu ( R² =0.85). It was verified that the average error of the model for the temperature change of dacquoise was 5. 05% with R² = 0. 94. Based on the model, the effect of regulating moisture parameters on the temperature of Daqu was explored, which showed the importance of moisture control for regulating the temperature during Daqu preparation. Through the preliminary exploration of the feasibility of regulating and optimizing the future production of Daqu from the perspective of mathematical modeling, the results of the study can provide theoretical support for the construction of modern fermentation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ‘construction manual’ tries to deal with the paradoxes inherent in so many attempts to define modernity: the try to construct themselves a foundation as a starting point of their own development, just to identify this base as void in retrospect. The solution to this paradox suggested here, however, does not call for the abandonment of modernity as a term or concept altogether, but for a revised conception of modernity: an understanding that does not define modernity as a starting or end point of development, but (only) as the respective present. In other words: we need a new form of history. The alternative advocated here is to understand historical time as a network of ‘chronoferences’, i.e. a history that is not about chronologically consistent development, but about temporal relations between present and absent times that are kept present by actors and practices. This could constitute a non-chronocentric form of history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In her historicisation of the concept of the ‘Sattelzeit,’ Julia Angster argues that the term does not represent a meaningful definition of a specific historical epoch. Instead, it serves as source material for analysing the notions of West German historians during the 1970s. Although their conception of the ‘Sattelzeit’ built on the work of R. Koselleck, it simplifies his concept by transforming an analytical tool of conceptual history into a starting point for social history. It enabled the conception of the Western world, understood as the epitome of ‘modernity’, as a counterpart to a non-modern other. This, in turn, was influenced by modernisation theories developed by US sociology in the 1950s, ultimately aimed at guiding US policies in the ‘development’ of the ‘Third World’. Modernity thus became a political goal and a result of economic development, to be perceived in the European past as well as in the present of the ‘developing world’. In the 1970s, this understanding of ‘modernity’ was crucial for West German historiography and politics, both trying to inscribe themselves into the modern world of the West. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a focus on a contemporary corpus of twenty-first-century Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Greek fiction that questions the peripheralization of these countries in European discourse, this essay aims to discuss Southern Europe as a literary space. Published around the 2008 financial crisis, these novels capture how the crisis’s onset precipitated the demise of a set of cultural, political, and institutional values previously taken for granted. Despite their national and local specificities, novels such as O Vento Assobiando nas Gruas (2002) by Lídia Jorge, Crematorio (2007) by Rafael Chirbes, Psomi, paideia, eleftheria (2012) by Petros Markaris, and I Chironi trilogy by Marcello Fois, critically reflect upon the long-standing realities of unequal development, historical hierarchies, and ambiguous positions within Europe, as well as upon deep-rooted orientalist perceptions of Europe’s South. A major trope cross-cuts these four novels: the so-called “economic miracles” of the second half of the twentieth century and their economic, political, cultural and environmental destructive drift as a major consequence of the accelerated modernization of late capitalism. Through our case studies, we develop our formal argument by exploring a crucial shared plot trigger: the death of a character as a metaphor for the ruins of a fading or collapsed modernity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article critically examines the idea of global sociology in relationship to the discipline of Sociology. While the discipline initially emerged in Western societies, in the post-1945 era, the field extended its reach to the rest of the world. The intellectual project of global sociology emerged in the 1960s and has been on the agenda of the International Sociological Association since at least 1990. Delving deeper than the mere notion of a sociology that is applied to the world, global sociology requires the re-examination of the role of core sociological concepts and narratives, especially regarding the extent to which these reflect Eurocentric preoccupations. Global modernisation (alongside Global Studies) and Postcolonial Sociology, two of the most widely known research fields claiming global intent, are examined as to whether they provide meaningful blueprints for global sociology. Both offer promising insights but also suffer from important drawbacks. Instead of attempting to unearth new grand narratives that would displace the narrative of Western modernity, though, it might be possible to envision a plurality of such narratives coming from different regions of the globe. Sociology can thus be conceived not as exclusively global but also as local and glocal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sade Village is a village located in eastern Indonesia, precisely in Rembitan, Pujut, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara which is inhabited by the Sasak tribe. The Sade tribe has unique activities including ikat weaving, carving and Peresean art, as well as a unique culture called “Marriage Cultivation”. So many uniqness in this area, but the problem are many of the human resources in this village are less interested in technology, so the inequality in tourism development models is very far from Bali. This paper use Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method, is one of the main decision-making problems which aims to determine the best alternative by considering more than one criterion in the selection process. MCDM has manifold tools and methods that can be applied in different fields from finance to engineering design. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the variables modernization, nutrition, taxes, infrastructure, health, religion, customs and family which are in the influence variable or driving quadrant are the main variables that determine the potential to overcome inequality. Economic potential and cultural uniqueness can be further enhanced to provide added value for the welfare of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the innovation movements on music and institutions in the 19th century, the Alaturka-Alafranga distinctions have become evident in Turkish music. This has caused dilemmas, debates and disputes in the field of music. Classical music, Turkish music, Enderun music, so-called art music, the city-centered style of music, which is transmitted between generations through the meshk method, has caused it to be considered as a museum and archaeological material. With the establishment of the Republic, the modernization movement also made itself felt in music policies, and efforts to create new-contemporary Turkish music based on Western music began, and the understanding of harmonizing local musical elements according to Western music procedures was born. Although folk music is not targeted, this approach and policies have enabled urban music intellectuals to turn to the public; folk music has started to be “discovered” by urban intellectuals. Âşık Veysel is one of the first of this period. Âşık Veysel; he came to the fore with his life, sensitive functioning style, understanding of the republic and revolutions, style of using Turkish, and became an icon during and after his period. The task of narrating the revolutions of the state was given to the poet through public houses, associations, concerts, tours and village institutes. Although the state's approach to music in the multiparty period was non-political, it is seen that the expansion of cultural industries in this period continued the role of the lover in music with the tools of the period. This study aims to identify the aspects of Âşık Veysel that overlap and do not overlap with cultural policies, his task in transferring traditional Turkish music to the twenty-first century, his position in today's understanding of music and official approaches. In this direction, the effects of modernization approaches in music on the tradition of minstrelsy and folk music, the consequences of policies, the discussion and evaluation of their reflections on today's music will be the main point of the study. In the study, first of all, the literature on music policies was scanned and read. Then, the evolution process of traditional music was tried to be determined using the content analysis technique. As a result, it can be seen that the traditional music-contemporary music dichotomy was achieved in the case of Âşık Veysel, although not with the planned goals and methods of the policies of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

British historians drew on anthropological exemplars to remake social history between 1959 and 1977. Eric Hobsbawm's 'primitive rebels', Peter Laslett's World We Have Lost, Keith Thomas's studies of witchcraft, and E. P. Thompson's 'moral economy' were all inspired by contemporary social anthropology, and they transformed historians' understanding of the past. Reconstructing this moment of cross-disciplinary research contributes to our understanding of broader changes in the mid-century human sciences. This was a moment of grand theorizing about 'modernization', capitalism, and industrialization. Social historians responded to these concerns by drawing analogies between the past and the ethnographic present. The result was a number of hugely influential studies of social change that posed new questions to those seeking to create abstract models of modernization out of the English past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mortise and tenon structure is a pivotal component of ancient Chinese architecture and furniture, encapsulating a rich history of evolution, cultural shifts, and productivity developments. Engaging modern individuals with this historical context through innovative product design provides a way to advance the cultural and creative industries and promote the sustainable development of mortise and tenon culture. This study conducted sentiment analysis on consumer reviews of three types of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products in the Chinese market, revealing consumer needs and expectations regarding functionality, quality, and design. Utilizing Norman's Emotional Design Theory, the study analyzed the design elements of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products across the instinctive, behavioral, and reflective levels. A systematic design model was put together, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for the future design of these products, thereby offering inspiration and aid for the modernization and transformation of traditional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the complex semantic aspects of "Transmodernity" by Enrique Dussel and "New Cultural Mixing" by Juan Carlos Scannone within the context of how Christianity's liberating philosophical framework contributes to the idea of "universality". This reconstruction delineates a analysis of the reconfiguration offered by these two authors concerning notion of "universality", on the basis of the relationship between European Modernity and Euro-North American Postmodernity, the differentiated processes of Latin American modernization and Nuestroamerican tradition's plurality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies into nonviolent resistance have led to a broad but scattered understanding of why some of these movements erupt and succeed, while others do not. This article offers a multilevel framework of analysis to explain trajectories of nonviolent resistance in repressive regimes and illustrates this framework by analysing the potential of Russian domestic nonviolent resistance to the full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The proposed framework incorporates seven overarching factors identified in previous studies, namely the political and economic system, the international relations, the level of modernization, the distribution of power within society, and the grievances, resources and organizational capacity of the resistance group. Based on this framework, it is tentatively concluded that Russia's political and economic system, the limited power dispersion and the lack of organization among the opposition help to explain why no successful resistance has emerged. Additional case studies are required to further assess the framework's utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While it is often assumed that the core debates about nationalism were settled by modernist scholars already in the 1980s, there are reasons to question this theoretical 'consensus', especially because it fails to anticipate the wave of nationalist geopolitics that is currently sweeping through the world. Contemporary studies of nationalism typically refrain from conceptualising politics in spatial terms, while overstating states' ability to shape ethno‐national identities irrespective of their ethnic roots and offering little empirical validation. To overcome these limitations, it is useful to analyse how nationalism transforms the state, rather than the reverse. This article reports findings from an EU‐funded research project that uses historical maps covering borders of states and ethnic groups to show how nationalism causes increasing congruence between these borders and how a lack thereof makes conflict and border change more likely. This risk is further increased by 'restorative' narratives bemoaning supposedly lost independence and unity. Further research traces the spread of reactive nationalism through modernisation processes driven by railroad expansion until the early 20th century. Yet this does not mean that state partition offers the only, or the best, solution to nationality problems. Power sharing can pacify at least as well as ethno‐nationalist border change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the challenges of modernization, Turkish society has experienced significant cultural changes since the late Ottoman Empire period. To achieve faster and smoother modernization, the government has embraced the creation and implementation of cultural policies. The principles of the conservative modernization program in the Ottoman Empire were based on gradually and partially adopting Western culture. While aiming to introduce unfamiliar ideas to society and create a transition between the Western world and society without causing significant harm to the cultural fabric, the state acted quite cautiously. Instead of directly copying and adopting Western norms, it aimed to introduce a new “modus vivendi” to the public by presenting a system that is reasonable to adopt in its own way against extreme examples that may provoke a reaction. Theater has become an important source of entertainment and cultural enrichment for Turkish people, reaching various parts of the country and attracting more viewers every day. After 1985, many theaters faced challenges in filling their seats, with performances often attended by only a few rows of spectators. This change resulted in a range of venues, from alternative spaces to traditional theaters. Alternative theaters, hosting smaller audiences of 30-50 people and often featuring amateur actors, have become platforms for recent graduates or current students of conservatories to showcase their talent. These "small theaters" resemble mini-schools with their semi-educational atmosphere. State and City (Municipality) Theaters follow a certain tradition, receiving funding to ensure high-quality performances in terms of actors, stage design, costumes, and music. Turkish-funded theaters, occasionally representing Turkish theater abroad, excel in style, acting, and bold performances compared to many subsidized theaters in other countries. They also put on plays which are highly political and it seems subsidized theaters will continue to be the most "political" theater groups in the country, alongside the declining number of political-social theater companies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following Ziya Gökalp and Ali Shariati's assertion that Protestantism arose due to the influence of Islam in Europe in the Middle Ages, this study discusses the different discourses elaborated by the Turkish and Iranian authors based on this idea. The controversies surrounding modernity, westernization, colonialism, and Islam were a constant in their writings, despite the different geographical and historical circumstances. This paper discusses the logic of Gökalp and Shariati's claim that Protestantism was Islamized Christianity. The aim is to provide a detailed perspective on how this claim illuminates their broader thinking about civilization, culture, and religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the processes of urbanization and population migration in China, local traditional folk beliefs are facing a crisis of inheritance, including the loss of believers and the decline of religious buildings. However, in the southeastern coastal areas of China, with the development of society and the advancement of science and technology, folk beliefs have shown a trend of modernization, gained widespread attention from young people, and shown a good trend of inheritance. This study focuses on the modernization of folk beliefs in the southeastern coastal areas of China, exploring how folk beliefs are adapted to contemporary life and the key role of information technology in the protection of religious buildings. The study found that the modernization of folk beliefs in China's southeastern coastal areas is mainly reflected in the portrayal of gods in cartoonish images, the popularity of music, and the modernization of communication methods. By analyzing the modernization process of folk beliefs in the southeastern coastal areas of China, this study reveals the adaptation and development of folk beliefs in modern society. Based on the reality of contemporary Chinese society, this study also explores the future modernization trend of folk beliefs and discusses the possibilities and potential risks of the application of digital technology in folk belief inheritance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taiwanese popular religion has encountered significant challenges due to the sweeping social changes accompanying the modernization of Taiwanese society. This paper seeks to uncover the distinct dynamics at play, focusing on the transformation of procession troupes, which are an essential part of important religious events known as divine processions: a common collective ritual among local worship communities in Taiwan. Two pivotal external forces have surfaced, providing traditional procession troupes with opportunities for revitalization amidst what had been waning relevance. The first is the narrative of cultural heritage advanced by the public sector, and the second is the commercialization trend of the troupe market. The interplay of 'cultural coding' and 'commercial coding' has emerged as a key factor in maintaining the relevance and operations of traditional procession troupes in contemporary times. The analysis in this paper reveals that the modern evolution of popular religion is grounded not in its religious core but rather in the cultural significance of its rituals amidst the broader process of 'culturalization of religion'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chengdu University (Social Science) is the property of Journal of Chengdu University (Social Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chengdu University (Social Science) is the property of Journal of Chengdu University (Social Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The rich practices and great achievements of the Chinese-style modernization construction have provided endless nourishment for literature. New era literature strives to continue the narrative characteristics of China's century-old rural literary tradition while presenting the construction of Chinese-style modernization and new socialist countryside with a fresh perspective. It eulogizes the great changes in the new countryside with great enthusiasm, vividly portraying the process of coexistence and integration between rural people and nature, and opening up a new realm of rural nature writing in the new era. It takes root in the local land and the home of life, endows the land, mountains, and rivers with new appearances and functions, and depicts rural scenes where man and nature coexist in harmony. It also extends care and love for all living things through writing about animals, imbuing the modernization of harmonious coexistence between rural people and nature with a great sense of life. New era literature has shaped the image of thousands of "iron armies" of environmental protection, who are the new force in the construction of rural ecological civilization, creating heroic feats in the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its formation and development, Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization has responded positively to the people's expectations for a beautiful ecological environment, always adhering to the values of building an ecological civilization for the people, by the people, and of the people. Moreover, the effectiveness of ecological civilization construction is left for evaluation by the people. The main theoretical sources of the people-oriented nature of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization come from the fundamental principle of Marxism that man and nature are in a dialectical and unified relationship as well as the basic viewpoint that the people are the creators of history. The people-oriented nature is the distinctive character of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. Deepening the practice of the people-oriented nature has great significance in guiding the people to continuously satisfy their aspirations for a better life, to build a "Jiangxi model" of a Beautiful China with higher standards, to achieve high-quality ecological civilization development, and to strive to paint a special Chinese-style modernization picture of Jiangxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to contribute to global social theory by contextualizing modernity/coloniality in East Asia. It begins with a reconstruction and evaluation of three sociological accounts of East Asian modernity, namely Kazuko Tsurumi's theory of endogenous development, Sun Liping's theory of communist civilization, and Chang Kyung Sup's theory of compressed modernity. Despite their insights, these theorists fail to transcend the Eurocentrism and methodological nationalism implicit in the paradigm of latecomer modernization. These problems can be better addressed by anti‐colonial perspectives, including Tani Barlow's colonial modernity, Chen Kuan‐Hsing's inter‐Asia, Xie Lizhong's post‐Western sociology, and Wang Mingming's civilizational anthropology. Yet European hegemony continues to define the spatiotemporal frame of these perspectives. To overcome the lingering problem of Eurocentrism, Laura Doyle's notion of inter‐imperiality is employed to highlight the power‐laden interaction and interdependence among imperial powers in the global and regional history of East Asia. This alternative approach, I argue, can shed new light on East Asian modernity and delineate its dialectical formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper proposes a meta-model-based parametric Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) approach to preserving and renewing traditional timber dwellings, specifically focusing on traditional Bai ethnic residential architecture. The study integrates traditional architectural principles with contemporary digital construction techniques. Traditional Bai dwellings have complex timber structural and spatial characteristics with various components. Results from the application of HBIM demonstrate improved efficiency in documenting and managing structural information, facilitating the maintenance and preservation of heritage buildings. The study concludes that HBIM, supported by parametric and generative design approaches, offers significant advantages in the digital preservation of architectural heritage. This approach not only ensures the structural integrity and historical accuracy of the models but also provides a scalable solution for managing and preserving traditional dwellings in the face of modernization pressures. This research broadens the scope of parametric design within digital construction theory, particularly concerning ancient timber structures. It offers a crucial framework that can inform both future studies and practical efforts in the preservation of heritage buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Distance Education (1672-0008) is the property of Zhejiang Open University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Implementing demolition and transformation policies in urban villages is essential for effective urban governance. However, these villages possess distinctive governance models and entities that set them apart from general urban and rural communities. This study examines the autonomous "informal governance" process in Guangzhou's Yuancun urban village through a case study approach. It investigates the formation mechanisms of the "dual system". The study underlines the significance of grassroots innovation and the Chinese Communist Party's role in attaining governance autonomy. Despite the government's aim to integrate urban villages into the urban governance system, persistent challenges arise from these unique models and entities. The Village Company plays a pivotal role in promoting stable governance through participatory practices and economic advantages. Resolving the complex issues in urban villages necessitates integrated economic, political, and social solutions. Empowering the Village Company to handle specific public affairs can facilitate the transition towards the modernization of grassroots governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modernization has changed America, Europe, and Islamic countries, including Iran. Tehran, Iran's capital, has experienced rapid population growth and immigration, leading to the devaluation and abandonment of some historical areas. In the Shemiranat region, known for its cultural heritage, unplanned construction has transformed heritage areas into modern, undistinguished residences, causing a loss of intrinsic value. This study examines the impact of modernization on the cultural heritage residences in the Shemiranat region, focusing on transforming residential facades. By analyzing 11 residential buildings from the Qajar era (1789-1925), the Pahlavi period (1925-1979), and the Islamic Republic period (1979-present), this research highlights the impact of modern culture on the architectural heritage of Shemiranat. The study employs qualitative methods, including surveys and archival research. Key aspects include identifying the differences between cultural heritage and modern residences and conducting a comparative analysis of selected houses from different periods. The findings reveal a shift from traditional Persian architecture to modernist influences and a contemporary blend of traditional and modern design. This study underscores the tension between heritage preservation and modernization in Tehran, proposing guidelines for integrating traditional and contemporary architectural practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes how the socio-economic development of an industry co-evolves with the articulation of imaginaries of emancipation and domination. Drawing on political discourse theory, I analyze the US' interracial porn movie industry (1916–2022) from its early, illicit beginnings through its commercial mainstreaming. Organized agents have developed this industry by articulating imaginaries that evoke economic emancipation, but provide new political and fantasmatic relevance to origin myths of racial and gendered superiority. The articulations of each generation of organized agents transgressed prior episodes' limits to visualizing interracial sex. Yet, transgression remained firmly within the bounds of the disciplinary and security power apparatus of white patriarchical domination. In particular, successive imaginaries modernized the stereotypical myths of black Jezebels, black Brutes, pure white women, and civilized white men. Modernization of myths, technological democratization and mainstreaming went hand in hand. I provide critical explanations for these findings that contribute to the organizational literature on imaginaries. This includes the entrepreneurship-as-emancipation literature, and scholarship on myths, feminism and prefigurative organizing. Emancipatory imagining requires challenging the disciplinary and security limits of origin myths. By default of political and fantasmatic challenging of these mythical limits, they function as empty signifiers that are easily adapted to contemporary imagining. As a result, entrepreneurs' and performers' socio-economic emancipation discourse effectively re-articulates an imaginary of domination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel «二马» (Mr. Ma and Son) by Lao She, the only one of his works set in a foreign country, offers Chinese readers a portrayal of 1920s Britain from various perspectives. However, these portrayals should not be seen as objective representations of Britain, but rather as Lao She’s own interpretation and reflection of what he saw and thought, influenced by his creative motivations and attitudes. The primary objective of the novel is to use the exotic image of Britain as a benchmark or reference point to critically examine Chinese society and its national character. By employing an imagological lens, this article reevaluates Mr. Ma and Son, focusing on the images of British citizens, scenes, and social ethos depicted in the novel. It argues that the deliberate shaping of these images serves to highlight the stark disparities in development and modernization between China and Britain. Through this comparison, Lao She aims to reflect the state of Chinese society and national character. Furthermore, Lao She’s portrayal of Britain as a utopia suggests that he views it as an idealized model for comparison with the challenges faced by Chinese society in its modernization process. In doing so, Lao She reveals a complex mix of resentment and envy toward the British society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]