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5,112 results on '"MIYAZAKI, K"'

1. Bulk superconductivity in Pb-substituted BiS$_{\bf 2}$-based compounds studied by hard-x-ray spectroscopy

Author

Yamasaki, A., Oguni, T., Hayashida, T., Miyazaki, K., Tanaka, N., Nakagawa, K., Tamura, K., Mimura, K., Kawamura, N., Fujiwara, H., Nozue, G., Ose, A., Kanai-Nakata, Y., Higashiya, A., Hamamoto, S., Tamasaku, K., Yabashi, M., Ishikawa, T., Imada, S., Sekiyama, A., Sakata, H., and Demura, S.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

In this study, we investigate the bulk electronic structure of Pb-substituted LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$ single crystals, using two types of hard-x-ray spectroscopy. High-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected x-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed a spectral change at low temperatures. Using density functional theory (DFT) simulations, we find that the temperature-induced change originates from a structural phase transition, similar to the pressure-induced transition in LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$. This finding suggests that the mechanism of bulk superconductivity induced by Pb substitution is the same as that under high pressure. Furthermore, a novel low-valence state with a mixture of divalent and trivalent Bi ions is discovered using hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy with the aid of DFT calculations., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table

Published
2023
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2. Study of the $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ Decay at the J-PARC KOTO Experiment

Author

KOTO Collaboration, Ahn, J. K., Beckford, B., Campbell, M., Chen, S. H., Comfort, J., Dona, K., Farrington, M. S., Hanai, K., Hara, N., Haraguchi, H., Hsiung, Y. B., Hutcheson, M., Inagaki, T., Isoe, M., Kamiji, I., Kato, T., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. L., Kim, H. M., Komatsubara, T. K., Kotera, K., Lee, S. K., Lee, J. W., Lim, G. Y., Lin, Q. S., Lin, C., Luo, Y., Mari, T., Masuda, T., Matsumura, T., Mcfarland, D., McNeal, N., Miyazaki, K., Murayama, R., Nakagiri, K., Nanjo, H., Nishimiya, H., Noichi, Y., Nomura, T., Nunes, T., Ohsugi, M., Okuno, H., Redeker, J. C., Sanchez, J., Sasaki, M., Sasao, N., Sato, T., Sato, K., Sato, Y., Shimizu, N., Shimogawa, T., Shinkawa, T., Shinohara, S., Shiomi, K., Shiraishi, R., Su, S., Sugiyama, Y., Suzuki, S., Tajima, Y., Taylor, M., Tecchio, M., Togawa, M., Toyoda, T., Tung, Y. -C., Vuong, Q. H., Wah, Y. W., Watanabe, H., Yamanaka, T., Yoshida, H. Y., and Zaidenberg, L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The rare decay $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ was studied with the dataset taken at the J-PARC KOTO experiment in 2016, 2017, and 2018. With a single event sensitivity of $( 7.20 \pm 0.05_{\rm stat} \pm 0.66_{\rm syst} ) \times 10^{-10}$, three candidate events were observed in the signal region. After unveiling them, contaminations from $K^{\pm}$ and scattered $K_L$ decays were studied, and the total number of background events was estimated to be $1.22 \pm 0.26$. We conclude that the number of observed events is statistically consistent with the background expectation. For this dataset, we set an upper limit of $4.9 \times 10^{-9}$ on the branching fraction of $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ at the 90% confidence level., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures; published version, no change in the results. Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 were revised. In Fig. 5, the plot of the $P_{t}$ versus ${Z_{\mathrm{vtx}}}$ of the beam-halo $K_L\!\to\!2\gamma$ background events was added as Fig. 5 (b)

Published
2020
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3. First Search for the $K_L \to \pi^0 \gamma$ Decay

Author

Ahn, J. K., Beckford, B., Campbell, M., Chen, S. H., Choi, J. M., Comfort, J., Dona, K., Farrington, M. S., Hara, N., Haraguchi, H., Hsiung, Y. B., Hutcheson, M., Inagaki, T., Isoe, M., Kamiji, I., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. L., Kim, H. M., Komatsubara, T. K., Kotera, K., Lee, J. W., Lim, G. Y., Lin, C., Lin, Q. S., Luo, Y., Mari, T., Matsumura, T., Mcfarland, D., Miyazaki, K., Murayama, R., Nakagiri, K., Nanjo, H., Nishimiya, H., Noichi, Y., Nomura, T., Nunes, T., Ohsugi, M., Okuno, H., Redeker, J. C., Sato, K., Sato, T., Sato, Y., Shimizu, N., Shimogawa, T., Shinkawa, T., Shinohara, S., Shiomi, K., Shiraishi, R., Su, S., Sugiyama, Y., Suzuki, S., Tajima, Y., Taylor, M., Tecchio, M., Togawa, M., Toyoda, T., Tung, Y. C., Vuong, Q. H., Wah, Y. W., Watanabe, H., Yamanaka, T., and Yoshida, H. Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the first search for the $K_L \to \pi^0 \gamma$ decay, which is forbidden by Lorentz invariance, using the data from 2016 to 2018 at the J-PARC KOTO experiment. With a single event sensitivity of $(7.1\pm 0.3_{\rm stat.} \pm 1.6_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-8}$, no candidate event was observed in the signal region. The upper limit on the branching fraction was set to be $1.7\times 10^{-7}$ at the 90\% confidence level.

Published
2020
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4. Study of the KL→π0νν¯ Decay at the J-PARC KOTO Experiment

Author

Ahn, JK, Beckford, B, Campbell, M, Chen, SH, Comfort, J, Dona, K, Farrington, MS, Hanai, K, Hara, N, Haraguchi, H, Hsiung, YB, Hutcheson, M, Inagaki, T, Isoe, M, Kamiji, I, Kato, T, Kim, EJ, Kim, JL, Kim, HM, Komatsubara, TK, Kotera, K, Lee, SK, Lee, JW, Lim, GY, Lin, QS, Lin, C, Luo, Y, Mari, T, Masuda, T, Matsumura, T, Mcfarland, D, McNeal, N, Miyazaki, K, Murayama, R, Nakagiri, K, Nanjo, H, Nishimiya, H, Noichi, Y, Nomura, T, Nunes, T, Ohsugi, M, Okuno, H, Redeker, JC, Sanchez, J, Sasaki, M, Sasao, N, Sato, T, Sato, K, Sato, Y, Shimizu, N, Shimogawa, T, Shinkawa, T, Shinohara, S, Shiomi, K, Shiraishi, R, Su, S, Sugiyama, Y, Suzuki, S, Tajima, Y, Taylor, M, Tecchio, M, Togawa, M, Toyoda, T, Tung, Y-C, Vuong, QH, Wah, YW, Watanabe, H, Yamanaka, T, Yoshida, HY, and Zaidenberg, L

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, KOTO Collaboration, hep-ex, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

The rare decay K_{L}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] was studied with the dataset taken at the J-PARC KOTO experiment in 2016, 2017, and 2018. With a single event sensitivity of (7.20±0.05_{stat}±0.66_{syst})×10^{-10}, three candidate events were observed in the signal region. After unveiling them, contaminations from K^{±} and scattered K_{L} decays were studied, and the total number of background events was estimated to be 1.22±0.26. We conclude that the number of observed events is statistically consistent with the background expectation. For this dataset, we set an upper limit of 4.9×10^{-9} on the branching fraction of K_{L}→π^{0}νν[over ¯] at the 90% confidence level.

Published
2021

5. Prescribing Trends for the Same Patients with Schizophrenia Over 20 Years

Author

Yasui-Furukori N, Kawamata Y, Sasaki T, Yokoyama S, Okayasu H, Shinozaki M, Takeuchi Y, Sato A, Ishikawa T, Komahashi-Sasaki H, Miyazaki K, Fukasawa T, Furukori H, Sugawara N, and Shimoda K

Subjects
pharmacoepidemiology, prescription, antipsychotics, trends, schizophrenia, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Norio Yasui-Furukori,1,2 Yasushi Kawamata,1,3 Taro Sasaki,1,4 Saaya Yokoyama,1,5 Hiroaki Okayasu,1,6 Masataka Shinozaki,1,7 Yoshitaka Takeuchi,1,8 Aoi Sato,1,9 Takaaki Ishikawa,1,10 Hazuki Komahashi-Sasaki,1,11 Kensuke Miyazaki,12 Takashi Fukasawa,13 Hanako Furukori,14 Norio Sugawara,1,2 Kazutaka Shimoda1 1Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan; 2Department of Psychiatry, TMC Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan; 3Department of Psychiatry, Kikuchi Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 4Department of Psychiatry, Asahi Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 5Department of Psychiatry, Aoki Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 6Department of Psychiatry, Fudogaoka Hospital, Saitama, Japan; 7Department of Psychiatry, Takizawa Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 8Department of Psychiatry, Okamotodai Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 9Department of Psychiatry, Muroi Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 10Department of Psychiatry, Saitama-Konan Hospital, Saitama, Japan; 11Department of Psychiatry, Kanuma Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; 12Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki-Aiseikai Hospital, Aomori, Japan; 13Department of Psychiatry, Seinan Hospital, Aomori, Japan; 14Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kuroichi-Akebono Hospital, Aomori, JapanCorrespondence: Norio Yasui-Furukori, Department of Psychiatry, Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan, Tel +81-282-86-1111, Fax +81-282-86-5187, Email furukori@dokkyomed.ac.jpBackground: Recent pharmacoepidemiology data show an increase in the proportion of patients receiving second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) monotherapy, but no studies have analyzed the same patients over a long period of time. Therefore, in this study, we retrospectively evaluated schizophrenia patients with available data for 20 years to determine whether the drug treatments in the same patients have changed in the past 20 years.Methods: The study began in April 2021 and was conducted in 15 psychiatric hospitals in Japan. Schizophrenia patients treated in the same hospital for 20 years were retrospectively examined for all prescriptions in 2016, 2011, 2006, and 2001 (ie, every 5 years).Results: The mean age of the 716 patients surveyed in 2021 was 61.7 years, with 49.0% being female. The rate of antipsychotic monotherapy use showed a slight increasing trend over the past 20 years; the rate of SGA use showed a marked increasing trend from 28.9% to 70.3% over the past 20 years, while the rate of SGA monotherapy use showed a gradual increasing trend over the past 20 years. The rates of concomitant use of anticholinergics, antidepressants, anxiolytics/sleep medications, and mood stabilizers showed decreasing, flat, flat, and flat trends over the past 20 years, respectively.Conclusion: The results of this study showed a slow but steady substitution of SGAs for first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) over time, even in the same patients.Keywords: pharmacoepidemiology, prescription, antipsychotics, trends, schizophrenia

Published
2023

6. Search for $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ and $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 X^0$ Decays at the J-PARC KOTO Experiment

Author

KOTO Collaboration, Ahn, J. K., Beckford, B., Beechert, J., Bryant, K., Campbell, M., Chen, S. H., Comfort, J., Dona, K., Hara, N., Haraguchi, H., Hsiung, Y. B., Hutcheson, M., Inagaki, T., Kamiji, I., Kawasaki, N., Kim, E. J., Kim, J. L., Kim, Y. J., Ko, J. W., Komatsubara, T. K., Kotera, K., Kurilin, A. S., Lee, J. W., Lim, G. Y., Lin, C., Lin, Q., Luo, Y., Ma, J., Maeda, Y., Mari, T., Masuda, T., Matsumura, T., Mcfarland, D., McNeal, N., Micallef, J., Miyazaki, K., Murayama, R., Naito, D., Nakagiri, K., Nanjo, H., Nishimiya, H., Nomura, T., Ohsugi, M., Okuno, H., Sasaki, M., Sasao, N., Sato, K., Sato, T., Sato, Y., Schamis, H., Seki, S., Shimizu, N., Shimogawa, T., Shinkawa, T., Shinohara, S., Shiomi, K., Su, S., Sugiyama, Y., Suzuki, S., Tajima, Y., Taylor, M., Tecchio, M., Togawa, M., Tung, Y. C., Wah, Y. W., Watanabe, H., Woo, J. K., Yamanaka, T., and Yoshida, H. Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A search for the rare decay $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ was performed. With the data collected in 2015, corresponding to $2.2 \times 10^{19}$ protons on target, a single event sensitivity of $( 1.30 \pm 0.01_{\rm stat} \pm 0.14_{\rm syst} ) \times 10^{-9}$ was achieved and no candidate events were observed. We set an upper limit of $3.0 \times 10^{-9}$ for the branching fraction of $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ at the 90% confidence level (C.L.), which improved the previous limit by almost an order of magnitude. An upper limit for $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 X^0$ was also set as $2.4 \times 10^{-9}$ at the 90% C.L., where $X^0$ is an invisible boson with a mass of $135~{\rm MeV}/c^2$., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; published version, no change in the results. Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 were revised, and Fig. 4 presenting the $K_L \!\to\! \pi^0 X^0$ limit as a function of the $X^0$ mass was added

Published
2018
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7. Nonadiabatic simulations of photoisomerization and dissociation in ethylene using ab initio classical trajectories.

Author

Miyazaki, K. and Ananth, N.

Subjects
*PHOTOISOMERIZATION, *WIGNER distribution, *PHASE space, *ETHYLENE, *STATISTICAL correlation
Abstract

We simulate the nonadiabatic dynamics of photo-induced isomerization and dissociation in ethylene using ab initio classical trajectories in an extended phase space of nuclear and electronic variables. This is achieved by employing the linearized semiclassical initial value representation method for nonadiabatic dynamics, where discrete electronic states are mapped to continuous classical variables using either the Meyer–Miller–Stock–Thoss representation or a more recently introduced spin mapping approach. Trajectory initial conditions are sampled by constraining electronic state variables to a single initial excited state and by drawing nuclear phase space configurations from a Wigner distribution at a finite temperature. An ensemble of classical ab initio trajectories is then generated to compute thermal population correlation functions and analyze the mechanisms of isomerization and dissociation. Our results serve as a demonstration that this parameter-free semiclassical approach is computationally efficient and accurate, identifying mechanistic pathways in agreement with previous theoretical studies and also uncovering dissociation pathways observed experimentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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8. Unexpected slowdown of US pollutant emission reduction in the past decade

Author

Jiang, Z, McDonald, BC, Worden, H, Worden, JR, Miyazaki, K, Qu, Z, Henze, DK, Jones, DBA, Arellano, AF, Fischer, EV, Zhu, L, and Folkert Boersma, K

Abstract

© 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Ground and satellite observations show that air pollution regulations in the United States (US) have resulted in substantial reductions in emissions and corresponding improvements in air quality over the last several decades. However, large uncertainties remain in evaluating how recent regulations affect different emission sectors and pollutant trends. Here we show a significant slowdown in decreasing US emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) for 2011–2015 using satellite and surface measurements. This observed slowdown in emission reductions is significantly different from the trend expected using US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) bottom-up inventories and impedes compliance with local and federal agency air-quality goals. We find that the difference between observations and EPA’s NOxemission estimates could be explained by: (i) growing relative contributions of industrial, area, and off-road sources, (ii) decreasing relative contributions of on-road gasoline, and (iii) slower than expected decreases in on-road diesel emissions.

Published
2018

9. Long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection including papilla (ESDIP) for laterally growing duodenal epithelial tumors

Author

Akimoto, T., additional, Kato, M., additional, Iwasaki, E., additional, Sasaki, M., additional, Minezaki, D., additional, Morioka, K., additional, Sakurai, H., additional, Tojo, A., additional, Sato, M., additional, Iwata, K., additional, Miyazaki, K., additional, Mizutani, M., additional, Kubosawa, Y., additional, Masunaga, T., additional, Takatori, Y., additional, Kawasaki, S., additional, Matsumura, N., additional, Nakayama, A., additional, Sujino, T., additional, Takabayashi, K., additional, and Yahagi, N., additional

Published
2024
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10. A new search for the $K_{L} \to \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$ and $K_{L} \to \pi^{0} X^{0}$ decays

Author

Ahn, J. K., Baek, K. Y., Banno, S., Beckford, B., Brubaker, B., Cai, T., Campbell, M., Carruth, C., Chen, S. H., Chu, S., Comfort, J., Duh, Y. T., Furukawa, T., Haraguchi, H., Hineno, T., Hsiung, Y. B., Hutcheson, M., Inagaki, T., Isoe, M., Iwai, E., Kamibayashi, T., Kamiji, I., Kawasaki, N., Kim, E. J., Kim, Y. J., Ko, J. W., Komatsubara, T. K., Kurilin, A. S., Lee, G. H., Lee, H. S., Lee, J. W., Lee, S. K., Lim, G. Y., Lin, C., Ma, J., Maeda, Y., Masuda, T., Matsumura, T., Mcfarland, D., Micallef, J., Miyazaki, K., Morgan, K., Murayama, R., Naito, D., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Nakaya, Y., Nanjo, H., Nomura, T., Odani, Y., Ogata, R., Okuno, H., Ota, T., Ri, Y. D., Sasaki, M., Sasao, N., Sato, K., Sato, T., Seki, S., Shimogawa, T., Shinkawa, T., Shinohara, S., Shiomi, K., Son, J. S., Stevens, J., Su, S., Sugiyama, Y., Suzuki, S., Tajima, Y., Takahashi, G., Takashima, Y., Tecchio, M., Teo, I., Togawa, M., Toyoda, T., Tung, Y. C., Usuki, T., Wah, Y. W., Watanabe, H., Whallon, N., Woo, J. K., Xu, J., Yamaga, M., Yamamoto, S., Yamanaka, T., Yamauchi, H., Yanagida, Y., Yokota, H., Yoshida, H. Y., and Yoshimoto, H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We searched for the $CP$-violating rare decay of neutral kaon, $K_{L} \to \pi^0 \nu \overline{\nu}$, in data from the first 100 hours of physics running in 2013 of the J-PARC KOTO experiment. One candidate event was observed while $0.34\pm0.16$ background events were expected. We set an upper limit of $5.1\times10^{-8}$ for the branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level (C.L.). An upper limit of $3.7\times10^{-8}$ at the 90\% C.L. for the $K_{L} \to \pi^{0} X^{0}$decay was also set for the first time, where $X^{0}$ is an invisible particle with a mass of 135 MeV/$c^{2}$., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, to be published in PTEP

Published
2016
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13. Bulk superconductivity in Pb-substituted BiS2 -based compounds studied by hard x-ray spectroscopy

Author

Yamasaki, A., primary, Oguni, T., additional, Hayashida, T., additional, Miyazaki, K., additional, Tanaka, N., additional, Nakagawa, K., additional, Tamura, K., additional, Mimura, K., additional, Kawamura, N., additional, Fujiwara, H., additional, Nozue, G., additional, Ose, A., additional, Kanai-Nakata, Y., additional, Higashiya, A., additional, Hamamoto, S., additional, Tamasaku, K., additional, Yabashi, M., additional, Ishikawa, T., additional, Imada, S., additional, Sekiyama, A., additional, Sakata, H., additional, and Demura, S., additional

Published
2024
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17. Numerical and Theoretical Study of a Monodisperse Hard-Sphere Glass Former

Author

Charbonneau, P., Ikeda, A., van Meel, J. A., and Miyazaki, K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

There exists a variety of theories of the glass transition and many more numerical models. But because the models need built-in complexity to prevent crystallization, comparisons with theory can be difficult. We study the dynamics of a deeply supersaturated \emph{monodisperse} four-dimensional (4D) hard-sphere fluid, which has no such complexity, but whose strong intrinsic geometrical frustration inhibits crystallization, even when deeply supersaturated. As an application, we compare its behavior to the mode-coupling theory (MCT) of glass formation. We find MCT to describe this system better than any other structural glass formers in lower dimensions. The reduction in dynamical heterogeneity in 4D suggested by a milder violation of the Stokes-Einstein relation could explain the agreement. These results are consistent with a mean-field scenario of the glass transition., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures

Published
2009
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18. Id2 and Id3 maintain the regulatory T cell pool to suppress inflammatory disease

Author

Miyazaki, M, Miyazaki, K, Chen, S, Itoi, M, Miller, M, Lu, LF, Varki, N, Chang, AN, Broide, DH, and Murre, C

Subjects
Immunology
Abstract

Regulatory T (Treg) cells suppress the development of inflammatory disease, but our knowledge of transcriptional regulators that control this function remains incomplete. Here we show that expression of Id2 and Id3 in Treg cells was required to suppress development of fatal inflammatory disease. We found that T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-driven signaling initially decreased the abundance of Id3, which led to the activation of a follicular regulatory T (TFR) cell-specific transcription signature. However, sustained lower abundance of Id2 and Id3 interfered with proper development of TFR cells. Depletion of Id2 and Id3 expression in Treg cells resulted in compromised maintenance and localization of the Treg cell population. Thus, Id2 and Id3 enforce TFR cell checkpoints and control the maintenance and homing of Treg cells. © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

19. On the role of hydrodynamic interactions in colloidal gelation

Author

Yamamoto, R., Kim, K., Nakayama, Y., Miyazaki, K., and Reichman, D. R.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

In this letter, we investigate several aspects related to the effect of hydrodynamics interactions on phase separation-induced gelation of colloidal particles. We explain physically the observation of Tanaka and Araki[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 85}, 1338 (2000)] of hydrodynamic stabilization of cellular network structures in two dimensions. We demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions have only a minor quantitative influence on the structure of transient gels in three dimensions. We discuss some experimental implications of our results., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures. Contact K. Miyazaki for figures with better resolutions

Published
2006

21. Glasslike Arrest in Spinodal Decomposition as a Route to Colloidal Gelation

Author

Manley, S., Wyss, H. M., Miyazaki, K., Conrad, J. C., Trappe, V., Kaufman, L. J., Reichman, D. R., and Weitz, D. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Colloid-polymer mixtures can undergo spinodal decomposition into colloid-rich and colloid-poor regions. Gelation results when interconnected colloid-rich regions solidify. We show that this occurs when these regions undergo a glass transition, leading to dynamic arrest of the spinodal decomposition. The characteristic length scale of the gel decreases with increasing quench depth, and the nonergodicity parameter exhibits a pronounced dependence on scattering vector. Mode coupling theory gives a good description of the dynamics, provided we use the full static structure as input., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures; replaced with published version

Published
2004
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22. Cage diffusion in liquid mercury

Author

Badyal, Y. S., Bafile, U., Miyazaki, K., de Schepper, I. M., and Montfrooij, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We present inelastic neutron scattering measurements on liquid mercury at room temperature for wave numbers $q$ in the range 0.3 $< q <$ 7.0 \AA$^{-1}$. We find that the energy halfwidth of the incoherent part of the dynamic structure factor $S(q,E)$ is determinded by a self-diffusion process. The halfwidth of the coherent part of $S(q, E)$ shows the characteristic behavior expected for a cage diffusion process. We also show that the response function at small wave numbers exhibits a quasi-elastic mode with a time scale characteristic of cage diffusion, however, its intensity is larger by an order of magnitude than what would be expected for cage diffusion. We speculate on a scenario in which the intensity of the cage diffusion mode at small wave numbers is amplified through a valence fluctuation mechanism., Comment: 15 pages +5 figures

Published
2003
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24. Air quality diagnosis from comprehensive observations of total OH reactivity and reactive trace species in urban central Tokyo

Author

Yoshino, A, Nakashima, Y, Miyazaki, K, Kato, S, Suthawaree, J, Shimo, N, Matsunaga, S, Chatani, S, Apel, E, Greenberg, J, Guenther, A, Ueno, H, Sasaki, H, Hoshi, JY, Yokota, H, Ishii, K, and Kajii, Y

Subjects
Urban air quality, Total OH reactivity, Tropospheric ozone, Volatile organic compounds, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Statistics, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Engineering
Abstract

We have conducted a comprehensive observational study to determine the mixing ratios of atmospheric chemical species and total OH reactivity in central Tokyo, in order to diagnose the air quality during summer and winter 2007 and autumn 2009. Concentrations of over 70 reactive trace species were continuously measured throughout each season. The total OH reactivity was measured directly using a laser-induced pump and probe technique. The observed chemical species exhibited seasonal variations. There was a good correlation between NO and CO in winter, but not in summer. This indicates that during winter, vehicle exhaust provided a significant source of NO in central Tokyo, while photolysis of NO 2 was dominant in summer. Similar values (approximately 30s -1) for the averaged total OH reactivity were observed in both summer and autumn during the daytime. However, VOCs accounted for a larger percentage of the OH reactivity in summer, while NO x was more dominant in autumn. We find that photochemical processes leading to oxidant production via VOCs dominated OH removal in summer, while the production of nitric acid from the reaction between OH and NO 2 was dominant in autumn, by-passing the oxidant production pathways and resulting in reduced oxidant formation. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

Published
2012

28. The Asakura–Oosawa theory: Entropic forces in physics, biology, and soft matter.

Author

Miyazaki, K., Schweizer, K. S., Thirumalai, D., Tuinier, R., and Zaccarelli, E.

Subjects
*FORCE & energy, *LIFE sciences, *LINEAR polymers, *POLYMER blends, *COLLOIDAL gels, *STAR-branched polymers, *POLYMER solutions, *COLLOIDAL suspensions
Abstract

In addition, simulations have been very useful to locate and characterize gas-liquid (colloid-rich/colloid poor) phase separation of the Asakura-Oosawa effective potential,[108] clarifying that this belongs, as expected, to the Ising universality class. Investigations on binary mixtures of colloids and polymers[109] where non-ideality effects of the polymer are taken into account have also been explored. Colloid synthesis has evolved to such a degree[[119]] that it is nowadays possible to make colloidal particles of a wide range of shapes.[[121], [123], [125]] This, and the fact that anisotropic shapes occur in nature, has triggered studies on mixtures of non-spherical colloids plus added nonadsorbing polymers. 113, 2886 (2000).10.1063/1.1305867 31 A. N. Semenov and A. A. Shvets, "Theory of colloid depletion stabilization by unattached and adsorbed polymers", Soft Matter 11, 8863-8878 (2015).10.1039/c5sm01365h 32 H. N. W. Lekkerkerker, W. C.-K. Poon, P. N. Pusey, A. Stroobants, and P. B. Warren, "Phase-behavior of colloid plus polymer mixtures", Europhys. 96, 36006 (2011).10.1209/0295-5075/96/36006 82 N. Park and J. C. Conrad, "Phase behavior of colloid-polymer depletion mixtures with unary or binary depletants", Soft Matter 13, 2781-2792 (2017).10.1039/c6sm02891h 83 E. Stiakakis, G. Petekidis, D. Vlassopoulos, C. N. Likos, H. Iatrou, N. Hadjichristidis, and J. Roovers, "Depletion and cluster formation in soft colloid-polymer mixtures", Europhys. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2022
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29. Taxonomic and life cycle reappraisals of the marine basidiomycete Nia vibrissa complex, with descriptions of three new Nia species.

Author

Nakagiri, A., Hakotani, A., Shino, R., Miyazaki, K., Endo, N., Sotome, K., and Maekawa, N.

Subjects
LIFE cycles (Biology), MOLECULAR phylogeny, SPECIES, BASIDIOSPORES, SPORES, BEACHES
Abstract

The marine basidiomycete Nia vibrissa has been regarded as a species complex, possibly including several species, because morphological variations in fruitbody, spore, and spore appendage have been observed in materials from worldwide collections. Using more than 50 monosporic isolates of N. vibrissa–like fungi mainly obtained from Japanese beach coasts, we investigated their molecular phylogeny, morphological characteristics, mating compatibility, nuclear behavior during spore formation, and life cycles. Molecular phylogenetic analyses separated the examined strains into seven clades. Each clade of fungi exhibited distinctive characteristics in fruitbodies and spores produced by culturing monokaryotic strains and mated dikaryotic strains; these characteristics included the color of fruitbodies, apical structure of peridial hair hyphae, spore shape, and apical structure of spore appendages. Mating tests of monokaryotic strains demonstrated mating compatibility between strains within a clade and incompatibility among clades. Therefore, each clade of fungi was phylogenetically, morphologically, and biologically recognized as a different Nia species. Observation of the type specimen of N. vibrissa revealed a tiny T-shaped apical structure of spore appendages—not mentioned in the original description—that is unique to the species. This finding, together with the original description, suggests that our studied strains include N. aff. vibrissa, whose morphology is mostly identical to N. vibrissa sensu stricto, and three new species. Thus, we describe three new Nia species and propose emendation of the descriptions of the genus Nia. Culture-based studies have demonstrated that Nia species have both sexual and asexual morphs that produce morphologically similar fruitbodies (basidiomata and conidiomata) and spores (basidiospores and conidia). Because it has both morphs forming appendaged waterborne basidiospores and conidia, Nia must be the most well-adapted marine basidiomycete, ensuring the continuation of new generations by two morphs, while distributing in and inhabiting numerous marine environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. DIPA:an image dataset with cross-cultural privacy concern annotations

Author

Xu, A. (Anran), Zhou, Z. (Zhongyi), Miyazaki, K. (Kakeru), Yoshikawa, R. (Ryo), Hosio, S. (Simo), Yatani, K. (Koji), Xu, A. (Anran), Zhou, Z. (Zhongyi), Miyazaki, K. (Kakeru), Yoshikawa, R. (Ryo), Hosio, S. (Simo), and Yatani, K. (Koji)

Abstract

Image privacy protection is an important topic in Human-Computer Interaction and usable security. Researchers have examined different aspects of image privacy by collecting samples by themselves. However, there does not exist a publicly-available dataset on image privacy, which prevents these efforts from sharing common technical foundations. We introduce DIPA, an open source dataset that provides content-level annotations that specifically focus on image privacy. We include 1,495 images from two existing datasets in DIPA, and augment them with 5,671 annotations. Each annotation includes reasons why the associated visual content can be privacy-threatening, a rating of how informative annotators thought the associated content is to threaten privacy, and another rating of how broadly the image could be shared. We also collected annotations from people living in Japan and UK to enable researchers and developers to perform analysis from the perspective of cultural differences. In this paper, we present the construction procedure of DIPA and report high-level statistics of the data we obtained. We hope that DIPA would accelerate various future research, including quantitative understandings of cultural differences on perceptions of image privacy and the development of robust recognition models for image privacy protection.

Published
2023

34. Taxonomic and life cycle reappraisals of the marine basidiomycete Nia vibrissacomplex, with descriptions of three new Niaspecies

Author

Nakagiri, A., Hakotani, A., Shino, R., Miyazaki, K., Endo, N., Sotome, K., and Maekawa, N.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe marine basidiomycete Nia vibrissahas been regarded as a species complex, possibly including several species, because morphological variations in fruitbody, spore, and spore appendage have been observed in materials from worldwide collections. Using more than 50 monosporic isolates of N. vibrissa–like fungi mainly obtained from Japanese beach coasts, we investigated their molecular phylogeny, morphological characteristics, mating compatibility, nuclear behavior during spore formation, and life cycles. Molecular phylogenetic analyses separated the examined strains into seven clades. Each clade of fungi exhibited distinctive characteristics in fruitbodies and spores produced by culturing monokaryotic strains and mated dikaryotic strains; these characteristics included the color of fruitbodies, apical structure of peridial hair hyphae, spore shape, and apical structure of spore appendages. Mating tests of monokaryotic strains demonstrated mating compatibility between strains within a clade and incompatibility among clades. Therefore, each clade of fungi was phylogenetically, morphologically, and biologically recognized as a different Niaspecies. Observation of the type specimen of N. vibrissarevealed a tiny T-shaped apical structure of spore appendages—not mentioned in the original description—that is unique to the species. This finding, together with the original description, suggests that our studied strains include N. aff. vibrissa, whose morphology is mostly identical to N. vibrissasensu stricto, and three new species. Thus, we describe three new Niaspecies and propose emendation of the descriptions of the genus Nia. Culture-based studies have demonstrated that Niaspecies have both sexual and asexual morphs that produce morphologically similar fruitbodies (basidiomata and conidiomata) and spores (basidiospores and conidia). Because it has both morphs forming appendaged waterborne basidiospores and conidia, Niamust be the most well-adapted marine basidiomycete, ensuring the continuation of new generations by two morphs, while distributing in and inhabiting numerous marine environments.

Published
2024
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44. Playworlds as Ways of Being, A Chorus of Voices: Why are Playworlds Worth Creating?

Author

Ferholt B., Lecusay R., Rainio A.P., Baumer S., Miyazaki K., Nilsson M., and Cohen L.

Subjects
cognition, Cultural Studies, Social Psychology, biology, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, Media studies, Chorus, emotion, 050301 education, biology.organism_classification, early childhood education and care, being, AZ20-999, Developmental and Educational Psychology, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology (miscellaneous), Sociology, play, imagination, 0503 education, creativity, Applied Psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract

This paper discusses the playworlds of the Playworld of Creative Research (PWCR) research group. Play¬worlds are created from a relatively new form of play that can be described as a combination of adult forms of creative imagination (art, science, etc.), which require extensive real life experience, and children’s forms of creative imagination (play), which require the embodiment of ideas and emotions in the material world. In playworlds, adults and children (or teenagers or seniors) enter into a common fantasy that is designed to support the development of both adults and children (or teenagers or seniors). The PWCR understands play¬worlds and the study of playworlds as ways of being. In this paper we present unique, individual playworlds that we truly love from the perspective of researchers, artists, teachers, children, administrators, and imagi¬nary characters, who participate in playworlds. We use a master fiction writer’s words on the love of literature to frame our discussion of playworlds, focusing on truth, time, human magic, infinite possibilities, fun, and the enriching and intensifying (and so, creating) of the real in playworlds in Japan, Finland, Sweden and the US.

Published
2021
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45. The Non-Coding RNA Journal Club: Highlights on Recent Papers-10

Author

Pinzon Cortes, JA, El-Osta, A, Fontemaggi, G, Delihas, N, Miyazaki, K, Goel, A, Brazane, M, Carre, C, Dama, P, Bayraktar, S, Castellano, L, Enguita, FJ, Mitic, T, Caporali, A, Gerber, AP, Amodio, N, Pinzon Cortes, JA, El-Osta, A, Fontemaggi, G, Delihas, N, Miyazaki, K, Goel, A, Brazane, M, Carre, C, Dama, P, Bayraktar, S, Castellano, L, Enguita, FJ, Mitic, T, Caporali, A, Gerber, AP, and Amodio, N

Abstract

We are delighted to share with you our seventh Journal Club and highlight some of the most interesting papers published recently [...].

Published
2022

46. Cause of a Lower‐Tropospheric High‐Ozone Layer in Spring Over Hanoi

Author

Ogino, S.‐Y., Miyazaki, K., Fujiwara, M., Nodzu, M. I., Shiotani, M., Hasebe, F., Matsumoto, J., Witte, J., Thompson, A. M., Nguyen‐Thi, H. A., Nguyen, T. V., Ogino, S.‐Y., Miyazaki, K., Fujiwara, M., Nodzu, M. I., Shiotani, M., Hasebe, F., Matsumoto, J., Witte, J., Thompson, A. M., Nguyen‐Thi, H. A., and Nguyen, T. V.

Abstract

The ozonesonde observations in Hanoi, Vietnam, over 14 years since 2004, have confirmed an enhancement in lower tropospheric ozone concentration at about 3 km altitude in the spring season. We investigated the evolution of the ozone enhancement from analysis of meteorological data, backward trajectories, and model sensitivity experiments. In spring, air masses over Hanoi exhibit strong height dependence. At 3 km, the high-ozone air masses originate from the land area to the west of Hanoi, while low-ozone air masses below about 1.5 km are from the oceanic area to the east. Above 4 km, the air masses are mostly traced back to the farther west area. The chemical transport model simulations revealed that precursor emissions from biomass burning in the inland Indochina Peninsula have the largest contribution to the lower tropospheric ozone enhancement, which is transported upward and eastward and overhangs the clean air intrusion from the ocean to the east of Hanoi. At this height level, the polluted air has the horizontal extent of about 20° in longitude and latitude. The polluted air observed in Hanoi is transported further east and widely spread over the northern Pacific Ocean.

Published
2022

47. Decadal Variabilities in Tropospheric Nitrogen Oxides Over United States, Europe, and China

Author

Jiang, Z., Zhu, R., Miyazaki, K., McDonald, B.C., Klimont, Z., Zheng, B., Boersma, K.F., Zhang, Q., Worden, H., Worden, J.R., Henze, D.K., Jones, D., Denier van der Gon, H., Eskes, H., Jiang, Z., Zhu, R., Miyazaki, K., McDonald, B.C., Klimont, Z., Zheng, B., Boersma, K.F., Zhang, Q., Worden, H., Worden, J.R., Henze, D.K., Jones, D., Denier van der Gon, H., and Eskes, H.

Abstract

Global trends in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have changed dramatically in the past decade. Here, we investigate tropospheric NO2 variabilities over United States, Europe, and E. China in 2005–2018 to explore the mechanisms governing the variation of this critical pollutant. We found large uncertainties in the trends of anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, for example, the reductions of NOx emissions, derived with different approaches and data sets, are in the range of 35%–50% over the United States and 15%–45% over Europe in 2005–2018. By contrast, the analysis in this work indicates declines of anthropogenic NOx emissions by about 40% and 25% over the United States and Europe, respectively, in 2005–2018, and about 20% over E. China in 2012–2018. However, the shift of major NOx sources from power generation to industrial and transportation sectors has led to noticeable diminishing effects in emission controls. Furthermore, satellite measurements exhibit the influence of NO2 background levels over the United States and Europe, which offset the impacts of anthropogenic emission declines, resulting in flatter trends of tropospheric NO2 over the United States and Europe. Our analysis further reveals underestimation of background NO2 by chemical transport models, which can lead to inaccurate interpretations of satellite measurements. We use surface in-situ NO2 observations to diagnose the satellite-observed NO2 trends and find top-down NOx emissions over urban grids represent the changes in anthropogenic NOx emissions better. This work highlights the importance of comprehensive applications of different analysis approaches to better characterizing atmospheric composition evolution.

Published
2022

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